CN106866846A - A kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders and preparation method thereof and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries - Google Patents

A kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders and preparation method thereof and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries Download PDF

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CN106866846A
CN106866846A CN201710138795.6A CN201710138795A CN106866846A CN 106866846 A CN106866846 A CN 106866846A CN 201710138795 A CN201710138795 A CN 201710138795A CN 106866846 A CN106866846 A CN 106866846A
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aqueous binders
lithium
water
ion battery
lithium ion
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CN106866846B (en
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刘俊
王伟华
任建国
岳敏
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Xuancheng research and development Amperex Technology Limited
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Shenzhen BTR New Energy Materials Co Ltd
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Priority to KR1020197008899A priority patent/KR102284520B1/en
Priority to JP2019529311A priority patent/JP6877545B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/077446 priority patent/WO2018161822A1/en
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    • C08F261/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00
    • C08F261/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols
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    • C09J151/00Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J151/003Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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    • C09J151/02Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to polysaccharides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders and preparation method thereof and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, the aqueous binders have the structure shown in Formulas I, the present invention can strengthen the polarity effect of polymer and collector by being modified the hydroxyl in water-soluble polymer repeat unit group to reach flexible side-chains polar group of the introducing containing polarized anionic group, so as to improve cohesive force, again improve the compliance of polymer, so as to be obtained the good battery pole piece of pliability, and enable to the electrode plates there is coulombic efficiency first high.The preparation method of aqueous binders of the invention is simple, and mild condition, raw material are easy to get, and are suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery Pole piece
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of lithium ion battery material, it is related to a kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders and its preparation side Method and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries.
Background technology
Nowadays, lithium ion battery is widely used to the products such as mobile phone, computer and electric motor car, with great business valency Value.The positive electrode of current commercial lithium-ion batteries is with oxide such as LiCoO2、LiMn2O4And LiFePO4Deng based on;Negative pole Material, because graphite theoretical capacity is relatively low (372mAh/g), has been difficult to meet current electronic information, energy skill based on graphite The need for art is developed rapidly, therefore exploitation high power capacity silica-base material (theoretical capacity 4200mAh/g) turns into lithium ion battery technology The key subjects of development.However, because silica-base material (is reached as high as in discharge and recharge along with bigger volumetric expansion and contraction 300%) electrode capacity, is caused to be decayed fast, cycle performance is poor.Accordingly, it would be desirable to develop high bond strength and can be dispersed swollen The binding agent of swollen stress realizes the cyclical stability of high power capacity negative pole.
The most frequently used binding agent of field of lithium ion battery has Kynoar (PVDF), SBR styrene butadiene rubberses now And acrylic polymer (PAA) (SBR).Using PVDF as binding agent, the organic solvent such as n-formyl sarcolysine used in dissolving PVDF Base pyrrolidones (NMP) is harmful and expensive to environment and human body.Using SBR as binding agent, it is necessary to while adding fiber Plain (CMC) is used as thickener, but CMC viscosity is general, and fragility is big, submissive difference, and pole piece is easily cracked during discharge and recharge.Meanwhile, SBR glues Knot agent for point-point bonding mechanism be applied to silicon substrate new composite negative pole when, silicon substrate volumetric expansion is big during because of charge and discharge cycles, and point is viscous Knot easily loses caking property so that electrical property is deteriorated.Using PAA as binding agent, due to the glass transition temperature of polymer Height, harder at normal temperatures, it is hard, crisp to be easily caused pole piece, therefore, the binding agent in coating process easy cracking phenomenon, cold pressing Occur the phenomenon of pole piece bending place dry linting in edge decarburization when many stripeds, cut-parts and winding process afterwards, poor processability, from And seriously constrain its application in the battery.
CN104356979A disclose a kind of polyacrylate aqueous binders for lithium ion battery electrode material, Preparation method and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, the binding agent are a kind of aqueous bonding of polyacrylate of cross-linking type high solids content Agent, this binder polymer molecule segment is made up of hydrophilic segment and lipophile segment two parts, and crosslinked dose is cross-linked into Space net structure.The electrode plates made of this binding agent are not in " dropping off " phenomenon in charge and discharge process, and to lithium Ion battery positive and negative electrode electrode material is respectively provided with preferable adhesive property, can suppress the pole piece expansion of graphite cathode class material, special It is not the pole piece expansion for suppressing silica-base material.
By the improvement to binding agent, can be on the basis of possessing preferable caking property, the performance of raising pole piece, therefore This area is desirable to develop more bonder for lithium ion batteries for possessing superperformance.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aqueous bonding of lithium ion battery Agent and preparation method thereof and electrodes of lithium-ion batteries.Binding agent of the invention have cohesive force higher so that battery pole piece with Aluminium foil cohesive force is strong, pole piece pliability is good, first coulombic efficiency it is high.
To reach this goal of the invention, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders, and the aqueous binders have shown in Formulas I Structure:
Wherein M groups are the repeat unit group of the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl or containing hydroxyl and carboxyl, R1For The straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of C1-C6;R2For amino, hydroxyl, alkoxy, hydroxy alkyl orR is The straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of C1-C6;R3It is phenyl or the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, R4It is carboxyl, acyl Amido, itrile group,Wherein R' is the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, R " C1- The straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of C6;R5It is hydrogen or the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, a, b, c, d and e are independently For the integer of 1-10000000, b is that 0, f is the integer of 0-10000000 when different with c.
Can be seen that the present invention by Formulas I of the invention is that the hydroxyl in water-soluble polymer repeat unit group is carried out Modifying can strengthen the pole of polymer and collector to reach flexible side-chains polar group of the introducing containing polarized anionic group Property effect, so as to improve cohesive force;Anionic group can be adsorbed in particle surface when slurry disperses, and be improved intergranular quiet Electric repulsion, so as to improve the dispersion effect of electrode slurry;Flexible side-chains can destroy the regularity of original strand, weaken polymerization The hydrogen bond action of thing interchain, so as to weaken crystallization;Flexible side-chains can also reduce the glass transition temperature of polymer, so as to increase Strong compliance.
Preferably, the M groups are from the repeat unit group in following structure:
In appoint Meaning is a kind of.
In aqueous binders i.e. of the invention main chain by In any one composition, for example when M groups be from During repeat unit group in structure, i.e., aqueous binders main chain of the invention withGroup is repeat unit, is passed through Hydroxyl to wherein containing carries out modifying the structure obtained as shown in formula I above, and the hydroxyl of some of which segment is modified, but has It is not modified a bit, also retains repeat unit segment of the part with hydroxyl, and does not contain carboxyl in structure now, f=0; And for example when M groups be fromDuring repeat unit group in structure, i.e. this hair Bright aqueous binders main chain withGroup is repeat unit, to the hydroxyl for wherein containing Carry out modifying the structure obtained as shown in formula I above, the hydroxyl of some of which segment is modified, but some are not modified, also Retain repeat unit segment of the part with hydroxyl, be probably in a repeat unit in the segment that hydroxyl is modified It is also likely to be that multiple hydroxyls are modified that hydroxyl is modified;NowRepresent the chain not being modified Section.
In the present invention, the straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of the C1-C6 can be C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene, for example, can be-CH2-、-CH2CH2- orDeng.
In the present invention, the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of the C1-C6 can be the straight chain of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Alkyl or branched alkyl, for example can for methyl, ethyl orDeng.
In the present invention, the alkoxy can be methoxyl group, ethyoxyl or propoxyl group etc..
In the present invention, the hydroxy alkyl can be ethoxy, hydroxypropyl, hydroxyl butyl etc..
Preferably, R1For-CH2CH2- or
Preferably, R2For amino, hydroxyl, methoxyl group, ethoxy, hydroxypropyl,
Preferably, R3It is phenyl or methyl.
Preferably, R4It is carboxyl, amide groups, itrile group, carbomethoxy, ethoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl ethyl ester base or hydroxypropyl ester group.
Preferably, R5It is hydrogen or methyl.
In the present invention, a, b, c, d and e independently are the integer of 0-10000000, and such as a, b, c, d and e can be independently For 1,3,5,8,10,20,40,60,80,100,200,400,600,800,1000,2000,5000,7000,9000,12000, 15000、18000、20000、30000、50000、80000、100000、300000、500000、800000、1000000、 3000000th, the specific point value between 5000000,8000000, and above-mentioned numerical value, as space is limited and for concise consideration, The present invention specific point value that no longer scope described in exclusive list includes, and b it is different with c when be 0.Preferably, a, b, c, d and e are only It is on the spot the integer of 100-10000.
In the present invention, f is the integer of 0-10000000, such as f can for 0,1,3,5,8,10,20,40,60,80, 100、200、400、600、800、1000、2000、5000、7000、9000、12000、15000、18000、20000、30000、 50000th, 80000,100000,300000,500000,800000,1000000,3000000,5000000,8000000, and Specific point value between above-mentioned numerical value, as space is limited and for concise consideration, scope bag no longer described in exclusive list of the invention The specific point value for including.Preferably, f is the integer of 100-10000.
Preferably, b/a=0.05-0.5 (for example can be 0.05,0.06,0.08,0., 0.2,0.3,0.4 or 0.5), c/ A=0.05-0.5 (for example can be 0.05,0.06,0.08,0., 0.2,0.3,0.4 or 0.5), d/a=0.05-0.5 is (for example Can be 0.05,0.06,0.08,0., 0.2,0.3,0.4 or 0.5).
Preferably, the aqueous binders are with one kind in the polymer of structure as shown in following formula A-C or at least two The combination planted:
Wherein a, b, c, d and e independently are the preferably integer of 100-10000, and f is the integer of 0-10000000, preferably It is the integer of 100-10000.
Preferably, the solid content of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders is 1-90%, such as 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%th, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%th, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%, preferably 5-50%.
Preferably, the viscosity of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders is 1-100000mPas, such as 3mPas, 5mPa·s、8mPa·s、10mPa·s、30mPa·s、50mPa·s、80mPa·s、100mPa·s、200mPa·s、 500mPa·s、1000mPa·s、2000mPa·s、5000mPa·s、8000mPa·s、10000mPa·s、30000mPa· Specific point value between s, 50000mPas, 80000mPas or 90000mPas, and above-mentioned numerical value, as space is limited and For concise consideration, the present invention specific point value that no longer scope described in exclusive list includes.Preferably, lithium ion battery water Property binding agent viscosity be 100-100000mPas.
On the other hand, the present invention provides the preparation method of lithium ion battery aqueous binders as described above, and its feature exists In the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) make the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl shown in Formula II in the aqueous solution of alkaline matter with compound A and change Compound B is reacted, and obtains the water-soluble polymer after modification shown in formula III, and reaction equation is as follows:
Wherein R6It is the straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of H or C1-C4;
(2) with compound D under initiator effect there is polymerisation in the water-soluble polymer after modification shown in formula III, Lithium ion battery aqueous binders shown in Formulas I are obtained, reaction equation is as follows:
Group limits as described above, i.e. M groups are containing hydroxyl or to contain hydroxyl and carboxyl in reaction equation as described above Water-soluble polymer repeat unit group, R1It is the straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of C1-C6;R2For amino, hydroxyl, Alkoxy, hydroxy alkyl orR is the straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of C1-C6;R3It is phenyl or C1- The straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C6, R4For carboxyl, amide groups, itrile group,Wherein R' for C1-C6 straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl, R " C1-C6 straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene;R5It is hydrogen or C1-C6 Straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl, a, b, c, d and e independently are the integer of 1-10000000, and f is the integer of 0-10000000.
Preferably, the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl is selected from starch, natural plant gum, animal glue, cellulose, marine alga In glue or polyvinyl alcohol any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, the degree of polymerization of the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl be 100-10000000, such as 100,130, 150、180、200、300、400、500、600、800、1000、1300、1500、1800、2000、5000、8000、10000、 15000、20000、40000、60000、80000、100000、200000、500000、800000、1000000、1500000、 2000000th, the specific point value between 5000000,8000000 or 10000000, and above-mentioned numerical value, as space is limited and for letter Bright consideration, the present invention specific point value that no longer scope described in exclusive list includes.Preferably, the water solubility containing hydroxyl The degree of polymerization of polymer is the integer of 1000-100000.
Preferably, step (1) described alkaline matter is alkaline salt, inorganic strong alkali, inorganic weak bases, organic alkali or organic In weak base any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, the alkaline salt is any one in carbonate, silicate or acetate or at least two group Close.
Preferably, the inorganic strong alkali is NaOH and/or lithium hydroxide.
Preferably, the inorganic weak bases are ammoniacal liquor.
Preferably, the organic alkali is methylamine.
Preferably, the organic weak base is urea and/or pyridine.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the aqueous solution of the alkaline matter be 0.1%-90%, such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.08%th, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% etc., It is preferred that 1-30%, further preferred 5-20%.
Preferably, the consumption of step (1) the compound A is the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M 0.01%-99%, such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%th, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% etc., preferably 5-40%.
Preferably, the consumption of step (1) the compound B is the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M 0.01%-99%, such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%th, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% etc., preferably 5-40%.
Preferably, the medium of step (1) described reaction is water.
Preferably, the temperature of step (1) described reaction be 30-90 DEG C, such as 30 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 85 DEG C or 90 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of step (1) described reaction be 0.5-10 hours, such as 0.5 hour, 0.8 hour, 1 hour, 1.3 hours, 1.5 hours, 1.8 hours, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours or 10 are small When.
Preferably, the consumption of step (2) the compound D is the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M 0.01%-99%, such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%th, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% etc., preferably 5-40%.
Preferably, step (2) described initiator be organic peroxide evocating agent, inorganic peroxide initiator, or In redox initiator any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, the organic peroxide evocating agent is benzoyl peroxide and/or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
Preferably, the inorganic peroxide initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate and/or ammonium persulfate.
Preferably, the redox initiator is combination of the ammonium persulfate with sodium sulfite and/or potassium peroxydisulfate and chlorine Change ferrous combination.
Preferably, the consumption of the initiator is the 0.01%-99% of the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M, Such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%th, 90% or 95% etc., preferably 0.1-10%.
Preferably, step (2) the compound D is selected from alkenes unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, acrylic ester monomer, methyl-prop In the olefin monomer of olefin(e) acid esters monomer or nitrile group-containing any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, solvent for use is water in step (2) described polymerisation.
Preferably, the temperature of step (2) described polymerisation be 0-100 DEG C, such as 0 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 90 DEG C or 100 DEG C, preferably 30-80 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of step (2) described polymerisation is 1-20 hours, such as 1 hour, 3 hours, 5 hours, it is 8 small When, 10 hours, 12 hours, 14 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours or 20 hours.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, the electrodes of lithium-ion batteries includes electrode material Material and lithium ion battery aqueous binders as described above.
Preferably, the battery pole piece is anode pole piece and/or cathode pole piece.
Preferably, mass percent of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders in electrodes of lithium-ion batteries is 1- 5%, such as 1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 3%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4%, 4.3%th, 4.5%, 4.8% or 5%, preferably 1-3%.
In particular:A kind of anode slice of lithium ion battery, it includes the aqueous bonding of lithium ion battery as described above Agent and positive electrode, mass percent of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders in anode slice of lithium ion battery is 1- 5%, preferably 1-3%.
A kind of lithium ion battery negative electrode, it includes lithium ion battery aqueous binders as described above and negative pole material Material, mass percent of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders in lithium ion battery negative electrode is 1-5%, preferably 1- 3%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The present invention obtains the aqueous binders using the method that the hydroxyl to water-soluble polymer is chemically modified, and pacifies Loopful is protected, low cost, it is adaptable to the manufacture of lithium ion cell positive and cathode pole piece.In the structure of aqueous binders of the invention Containing substantial amounts of anionic group, slurry scattering effect can be improved, electrode is formed good conductive network, containing substantial amounts of Hydroxyl, carboxyl isopolarity group, can strengthen polymer and be acted on the polarity of collector, so as to improve cohesive force.By by hydroxyl Base is alkylated, and realizes being introduced on main chain the structure of flexible side-chains, the compliance of polymer is improve, so as to be obtained flexible The good battery pole piece of property.Binding agent of the invention belongs to aqueous binders.The reactions steps that the present invention relates to are simple, condition Gently, raw material is easy to get, with good promotion and application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the infrared contrast of lithium ion battery water-based binder and material polyethylene alcohol that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is obtained Spectrogram.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated below by specific embodiment.Those skilled in the art should be bright , the embodiment be only to aid in understand the present invention, be not construed as to concrete restriction of the invention.
Embodiment 1
80g polyvinyl alcohol (molal quantity of repeat unit M is 1.82mol) is added to the silicon that 500g mass fractions are 2% In the middle of the aqueous solution of sour lithium, 40 DEG C are stirred 2 hours, then heat to 60 DEG C, add the acrylamide that 50g mass fractions are 60% Then reactant aqueous solution, insulation reaction 4 hours is cooled to 50 DEG C, adds the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution that 4g mass fractions are 0.1% With the acrylic acid aqueous solution that 40g mass fractions are 50%, insulation reaction 5h obtains thick liquid, as aqueous binders.
Fig. 1 is the infrared contrast spectrogram of the aqueous binders that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is obtained and material polyethylene alcohol.By Fig. 1 As can be seen that the product of embodiment 1 is in 1409cm-1There are the symmetrical stretching vibration peak of obvious carboxylic salts, 1566cm in place-1With 1664cm-1There are the vibration peak of obvious amide groups, 1087cm in place-1There is the vibration peak of obvious C-O-C keys at place.
Embodiment 2
80g polyvinyl alcohol (molal quantity of repeat unit M is 1.82mol) is added to the silicon that 500g mass fractions are 5% In the middle of the aqueous solution of sour lithium, 50 DEG C are stirred 0.5 hour, then heat to 90 DEG C, add the propylene that 32.3g mass fractions are 40% Amide aqueous solution reacts, insulation reaction 0.5 hour, is then cooled to 30 DEG C, adds the ammonium persulfate that 4g mass fractions are 0.1% The aqueous solution and the acrylic acid aqueous solution that 40g mass fractions are 50%, insulation reaction 5h, obtain thick liquid.
Embodiment 3
80g polyvinyl alcohol (molal quantity of repeat unit M is 1.82mol) is added to the silicon that 500g mass fractions are 10% In the middle of the aqueous solution of sour lithium, 30 DEG C are stirred 2 hours, then heat to 90 DEG C, add the acrylamide that 86g mass fractions are 60% The aqueous solution and 10.6g methyl oxiranes are reacted, insulation reaction 4 hours, are then cooled to 80 DEG C, add 4g mass point Ammonium persulfate aqueous solution and acrylic acid aqueous solution that 40g mass fraction be 50% of the number for 0.1%, insulation reaction 10h are glued Thick liquid, as aqueous binders.
Embodiment 4
80g polyvinyl alcohol (molal quantity of repeat unit M is 1.82mol) is added to the silicon that 500g mass fractions are 10% In the middle of the aqueous solution of sour lithium, 40 DEG C are stirred 2 hours, then heat to 80 DEG C, add 42.2g methyl oxiranes to be reacted, Insulation reaction 10 hours, is then cooled to 30 DEG C, adds ammonium persulfate aqueous solution and 40g mass that 4g mass fractions are 0.1% Fraction is 50% acrylic acid aqueous solution, and insulation reaction 15h obtains thick liquid, as aqueous binders.
Embodiment 5
As different from Example 1, water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with into sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
Embodiment 6
As different from Example 1, water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with into sodium alginate.
Embodiment 7
As different from Example 1, alkali compounds lithium metasilicate is replaced with into lithium hydroxide.
Embodiment 8
As different from Example 1, alkali compounds lithium metasilicate is replaced with into ethylenediamine.
Embodiment 9
As different from Example 1, compound A acrylamides are replaced with into Methacrylamide.
Embodiment 10
As different from Example 1, compound A acrylamides are replaced with into methyl acrylate.
Embodiment 11
As different from Example 1, initiator ammonium persulfate is replaced with into benzoyl peroxide.
Embodiment 12
As different from Example 1, initiator ammonium persulfate is replaced with into azo-bis-isobutyrate hydrochloride.
Embodiment 13
As different from Example 1, acrylic acid is replaced with into acrylamide.
Embodiment 14
As different from Example 1, acrylic acid is replaced with into methacrylic acid.
Comparative example 1
Using certain companies market styrene butadiene rubber sbr as binding agent, fit quality compares 1:1 sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) Use.
Comparative example 2
Using certain companies market acrylic resin PAA as binding agent.
Binding agent prepared by embodiment 1-14 and comparative example 1-2 makes as positive electrode and negative material binding agent Anode pole piece and cathode pole piece, method are as follows:
The making of anode pole piece:It is 93.0% using LiFePO4 as the mass fraction of positive electrode, conductive additive 4.0%, in terms of solid content mass fraction be 3% embodiment or comparative example prepared by binding agent, according to total solid composition Ratio for 65% adds appropriate amount of deionized water, is made battery pole piece slurry.After finely dispersed slurry is crossed into 100 eye mesh screens, Coat on the 10 μ m-thick aluminium foils as collector, after 120 DEG C of dryings 5 minutes, at room temperature with 10 × 104The unit length of N/m Load is rolled and obtains anode pole piece.The performance of the anode pole piece to preparing is tested, as a result as shown in table 1.
The making of cathode pole piece:It is 96.0% using Si-C composite material as the mass fraction of negative material, conduction addition Agent 1.0%, in terms of solid content mass fraction be 3% embodiment or comparative example prepared by binding agent, according to total solid composition Ratio for 45% adds appropriate amount of deionized water, is made battery pole piece slurry.After finely dispersed slurry is crossed into 100 eye mesh screens, Coat on the 10 μ m-thick Copper Foils as collector, after 120 DEG C of dryings 5 minutes, at room temperature with 10 × 104The unit length of N/m Load is rolled and obtains cathode pole piece.The performance of the cathode pole piece to preparing is tested, as a result as shown in table 2.
Performance measurement method is as follows:
Determine peel strength:The electrode plates of embodiment and comparative example are cut into the strip of 10cm × 2cm, in collector The side steel plate of two-sided glue sticking thickness 1mm, pastes adhesive tape, with cupping machine with the speed of 100mm/min in coating layer side Degree is peeled off towards 180 ° of directions, and determines peel stress.
Determine pole piece pliability:By after the roll-in of embodiment and comparative example pole piece collector side place diameter of phi= 3mm plugs, and carry out bending experiment, by the state of observation by light microscope now pole piece, pole piece is intact to be designated as zero, occurs de- Fall or ftracture to being designated as ×.
Determine the battery performance of positive pole:Above-mentioned anode pole piece is made into simulated battery and its discharge and recharge is tested using constant flow method The initial coulomb efficiency of circulation.
Determine the battery performance of negative pole:Above-mentioned cathode pole piece is made into button cell and its discharge and recharge is tested using constant flow method Capability retention after the initial coulomb efficiency of circulation and circulation 50 times, charge and discharge cycles are after 50 weeks, pole under the embedding lithium state of pole piece The ratio of pole piece thickness is designated as pole piece expansion rate before piece thickness value added and discharge and recharge.
Table 1
As seen from Table 1, compared with the positive pole of the adhesive using comparative example 1-2, using 1-14 according to embodiments of the present invention Binding agent just have that, pole piece pliability strong with aluminium foil cohesive force be good, coulombic efficiency advantage high first.
Table 2
As seen from Table 2, compared with the negative pole of the binding agent using comparative example 1-2, using 1-14 according to embodiments of the present invention The negative pole of binding agent have that strong with Copper Foil cohesive force, pole piece pliability is good, coulombic efficiency is high, capability retention is high first, follow The small advantage of ring expansion rate.
Applicant states, these are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, i.e., Do not mean that the present invention has to rely on above-described embodiment and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field is it will be clearly understood that to this Any improvement of invention, addition, the selection of concrete mode to the equivalence replacement and auxiliary element of raw material selected by the present invention etc., Within the scope of all falling within protection scope of the present invention and disclosing.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of lithium ion battery aqueous binders, it is characterised in that the aqueous binders have the structure shown in Formulas I:
Wherein M groups are the repeat unit group of the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl or containing hydroxyl and carboxyl, R1It is C1-C6 Straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene;R2For amino, hydroxyl, alkoxy, hydroxy alkyl orR is C1-C6 Straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene;R3It is phenyl or the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, R4For carboxyl, amide groups, Itrile group,Wherein R' is the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, R " it is C1-C6 Straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene;R5It is hydrogen or the straight chained alkyl or branched alkyl of C1-C6, a, b, c, d and e independently are The integer of 0-10000000, b and c are when different for 0, f is the integer of 0-10000000.
2. lithium ion battery aqueous binders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the M groups be from Repeat unit group in lower structure:
In appoint Meaning is a kind of;
Preferably, R1For-CH2CH2- or
Preferably, R2For amino, hydroxyl, methoxyl group, ethoxy, hydroxypropyl,
Preferably, R3It is phenyl or methyl;
Preferably, R4It is carboxyl, amide groups, itrile group, carbomethoxy, ethoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl ethyl ester base or hydroxypropyl ester group;
Preferably, R5It is hydrogen or methyl;
Preferably, a, b, c, d and e independently are the integer of 100-10000;
Preferably, f is the integer of 100-10000;
Preferably, b/a=0.05-0.5, c/a=0.05-0.5, d/a=0.05-0.5;
Preferably, the aqueous binders are with one kind in the polymer of structure as shown in following formula A-C or at least two Combination:
Wherein a, b, c, d and e independently are the integer of 0-10000000, when the preferably integer of 100-10000, and b is different with c It is that 0, f is the integer of 0-10000000, the preferably integer of 100-10000.
3. lithium ion battery aqueous binders according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the lithium ion battery It is 1-90% with the solid content of aqueous binders, preferably 5-50%.
Preferably, the viscosity of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders is 1-100000mPas, preferably 100- 100000mPa·s。
4. the preparation method of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders according to any one of claim 1-3, its feature exists In the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) make the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl shown in Formula II in the aqueous solution of alkaline matter with compound A and/or chemical combination Thing B is reacted, and obtains the water-soluble polymer after modification shown in formula III, and reaction equation is as follows:
Wherein R6It is the straight-chain alkyl-sub or branched alkylidene of H or C1-C4;
(2) with compound D under initiator effect there is polymerisation in the water-soluble polymer after modification shown in formula III, obtain Lithium ion battery aqueous binders shown in Formulas I, reaction equation is as follows:
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl is selected from and forms sediment In powder class, natural plant gum, animal glue, cellulose, algin or polyvinyl alcohol any one or at least two combination;
Preferably, the degree of polymerization of the water-soluble polymer containing hydroxyl is 100-10000000, and preferably 100-10000's is whole Number.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step (1) described alkaline matter is basic salt In class, inorganic strong alkali, inorganic weak bases, organic alkali or organic weak base any one or at least two combination;
Preferably, the alkaline salt is any one in carbonate, silicate or acetate or at least two combination;
Preferably, the inorganic strong alkali is NaOH and/or lithium hydroxide;
Preferably, the inorganic weak bases are ammoniacal liquor;
Preferably, the organic alkali is methylamine;
Preferably, the organic weak base is urea and/or pyridine;
Preferably, the mass fraction of the aqueous solution of the alkaline matter is 0.1%-90%, preferably 1-30%, further preferred 5- 20%.
7. the preparation method according to any one of claim 4-6, it is characterised in that the use of step (1) the compound A Measure the 0.01%-99% of the molal quantity for water-soluble polymer repeat unit M, preferably 5-40%;
Preferably, the consumption of step (1) the compound B is the 0.01%- of the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M 99%, preferably 5-40%;
Preferably, the medium of step (1) described reaction is water;
Preferably, the temperature of step (1) described reaction is 30-90 DEG C;
Preferably, the time of step (1) described reaction is 0.5-10 hours.
8. the preparation method according to any one of claim 4-7, it is characterised in that the use of step (2) the compound D Measure the 0.01%-99% of the molal quantity for water-soluble polymer repeat unit M, preferably 5-40%;
Preferably, step (2) described initiator is that organic peroxide evocating agent, inorganic peroxide initiator or oxidation are gone back In former initiator any one or at least two combination;
Preferably, the organic peroxide evocating agent is benzoyl peroxide and/or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide;
Preferably, the inorganic peroxide initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate and/or ammonium persulfate;
Preferably, the redox initiator is combination of the ammonium persulfate with sodium sulfite and/or potassium peroxydisulfate and protochloride The combination of iron;
Preferably, the consumption of the initiator is the 0.01%-99% of the molal quantity of water-soluble polymer repeat unit M, preferably 0.1-10%;
Preferably, step (2) the compound D is selected from alkenes unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, acrylic ester monomer, methacrylic acid In the olefin monomer of esters monomer or nitrile group-containing any one or at least two combination;
Preferably, solvent for use is water in step (2) described polymerisation;
Preferably, the temperature of step (2) described polymerisation is 0-100 DEG C, preferably 30-80 DEG C;
Preferably, the time of step (2) described polymerisation is 1-20 hours.
9. a kind of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, it is characterised in that the electrodes of lithium-ion batteries is comprising electrode material and as right will Seek the lithium ion battery aqueous binders any one of 1-3.
10. electrodes of lithium-ion batteries according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the battery pole piece be anode pole piece and/ Or cathode pole piece;
Preferably, mass percent of the lithium ion battery aqueous binders in electrodes of lithium-ion batteries is 1-5%, excellent Select 1-3%.
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