CN106863814B - 自动焊接机 - Google Patents

自动焊接机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106863814B
CN106863814B CN201710089960.3A CN201710089960A CN106863814B CN 106863814 B CN106863814 B CN 106863814B CN 201710089960 A CN201710089960 A CN 201710089960A CN 106863814 B CN106863814 B CN 106863814B
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China
Prior art keywords
welding machine
automatic welding
roller
pressure roller
gear
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CN201710089960.3A
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English (en)
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CN106863814A (zh
Inventor
阿道夫·尼德伯格
布鲁诺·冯·威尔
马赛厄斯·弗雷
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Leister Technologies AG
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Leister Technologies AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/103—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined direct heating both surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
    • B29C65/2061—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/435—Making large sheets by joining smaller ones or strips together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/86523—Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels being pushed by hand or being self-propelling being self-propelling the traction being made on the seam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/18—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with handle or handgrip

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于搭焊塑料卷材的边缘的自动焊接机（1），包括可移动支撑架（2）、用于部分地熔融所述塑料卷材的加热装置（6）、至少两个相对的反向旋转的压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）和至少一个驱动装置，压辊（18）和行进辊（18'）中的至少一者被驱动，所述至少一个驱动装置包括驱动电机（10）和至少一个齿轮箱（12）以用于驱动压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'），其中，驱动装置通过至少一个挠性轴（15,15'）来驱动压辊（18）和/或行进辊（18'）。此外，齿轮箱（12）可实现为蜗杆齿轮机构，包括直接座接于驱动电机（10）的电机轴（11）上的蜗杆（13）和由蜗杆（13）驱动的两个反向旋转的蜗轮（14,14'）。

Description

自动焊接机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于搭焊塑料卷材的边缘的自动焊接机，包括可移动支撑架、用于部分地熔融塑料卷材的加热装置、至少两个相对的反向旋转的压辊和行进辊(其中的至少一个被驱动)，和至少一个驱动装置，该至少一个驱动装置包括驱动电机和至少一个齿轮箱以用于驱动压辊和行进辊。
背景技术
所谈及的该类型的自动焊接机通常为已知的，并且用于熔合由塑料材料制成的膜，例如，沿着其重叠边缘区域。塑料卷材通过热输入在接缝区域进行塑化，随后在压力的作用下进行压缩。
专利申请EP 1900 501A1公开了一种用于结合侧向重叠密封卷材的自动焊接机。该自动焊接机包括支撑架和由支撑架支撑的加热装置，该支撑架可通过驱动辊进行移动，该加热装置用于部分地熔融待熔合的塑料卷材。塑料卷材通过压辊和行进辊进行压缩，该压辊和行进辊设置于支撑架上并由驱动单元来驱动。
在实际经验中，已示出的是，薄材料(0.1mm至1.0mm)证明是特别易于在搭焊期间在已熔合的卷材中形成波浪形。由于焊接过程的观察受损，操作者对波浪形的形成的及时响应通常变得更困难。该观察由于直接设置于焊接接缝上的多个系统部件(诸如，加热装置、厚压辊和行进辊以及按压装置)而变得更困难。另外，压辊和行进辊的更换(根据期望的接缝几何形状或跑合表面的污染程度，该更换为必要的)证实为有问题的。
发明内容
立足于上述现有技术，本发明的目的是提供一种用于熔合塑料卷材的便捷自动焊接机，该自动焊接机赋予操作者良好的焊接过程观察和对压辊和行进辊的良好访问性，并且其包括设计手段以增强焊接接头的质量。
根据本发明，该目的通过具有根据权利要求1所述的特征的自动焊接机来实现。进一步优选的实施例可见于其从属权利要求中。
在根据本发明的用于搭焊塑料卷材的边缘的自动焊接机中，由驱动单元提供的力矩和旋转速度经由挠性轴在齿轮箱以及压辊和/或行进辊之间进行传输。至少两个压辊和行进辊设置成彼此相对并且相对于彼此反向旋转。
相比于刚性轴，挠性轴的特征在于，轴的一端处的旋转轴线(例如，在齿轮箱连接部上)和轴的另一端处的旋转轴线(例如，在压辊和行进辊上)可相对于彼此任意地取向。挠性轴通常由多层线材组成，该多层线材在金属或塑料保护管中围绕着彼此螺旋地反向缠绕并且旋转。可能的备选材料为橡胶或塑料。挠性轴具有优选旋转方向，该优选旋转方向取决于螺旋缠绕线材的最上层。将挠性轴与其优选旋转方向相协调地设置于自动焊接机中。
通过经由挠性轴传输旋转速度和力矩，较为庞大的驱动装置能够与压辊和行进辊之间的区域(塑料卷材在此处熔合)在空间上完全分离。压辊和行进辊周围的区域可保持无阻碍。齿轮箱与压辊和行进辊的旋转轴线无须相同(像刚性轴那样的情况)，而是可设置成相对于彼此平行或甚至偏斜。
由于通过挠性轴的功率传输，各个部件的游隙设置使紧凑的自动焊接机得以实现，同时使焊接过程易于观察。根据本发明的自动焊接机的另一优点为相当简化的设计，因为力矩从齿轮箱直接传输至压辊和行进辊。与用于在两个未对准的旋转轴线之间传输力矩的另选方法(链轮和链条、包括万向接头的刚性轴、偏转齿轮)相比，当使用挠性轴时可节约多个损耗性齿轮元件，并且可实现免维护力矩传输。另一优点为游隙布置的压辊和行进辊的易访问性，这实现了取决于期望的接缝几何形状的压辊和行进辊的快速和简单置换。
压辊和行进辊均可由相应的挠性轴驱动。然而，还可设想的是，仅一个辊(压辊或行进辊)被驱动，而另一辊保持未驱动；或压辊和行进辊均被驱动，但仅一个由挠性轴驱动。
自动焊接机的一个优选和最有利实施例提供了均被驱动，并且更具体地由相应挠性轴驱动的压辊和行进辊。
自动焊接机的另一有利实施例提供了，在包括驱动电机和至少一个齿轮箱的驱动装置中，设置于驱动电机和挠性轴之间的齿轮箱设计为蜗杆齿轮机构。蜗杆齿轮机构基本上包括提供有回旋部的轴(被称为蜗杆)和啮合该蜗杆的至少两个(螺旋)齿轮(被称为蜗轮)。在自动焊接机的优选实施例中，两个蜗轮具有相同齿轮比率并且设置于蜗杆的相对端部上，由此确保了蜗轮的同步但相对的旋转运动。在自动焊接机的一个实施例中(其中压辊和行进辊的直径存在偏差)，挠性轴的旋转速度可通过蜗轮的齿轮比率的适当调节来调整。
蜗杆可直接由驱动电机的驱动轴来驱动，而挠性轴则以防扭转方式结合至蜗轮。这种布置自动地为彼此相对设置的压辊和行进辊提供正确的相对旋转方向。同时，通过蜗杆齿轮机构，高齿轮减速在驱动电机速度和轴速度之间以一个步骤来实现。此外，蜗杆齿轮机构的特征在于高机械负载承载能力和极低噪声操作。为达到更高的齿轮比率(与仅通过蜗杆齿轮机构可能的齿轮比率相比)，可在电机和蜗杆齿轮机构之间设置一个附加的齿轮(诸如行星轮)。
在自动焊接机的另一有利实施例中，可移动支撑架包括对应于多个压辊和行进辊的牢固悬臂。在端部，悬臂各自承载压辊和行进辊。相对压辊和行进辊被在其间移动的待彼此熔合的塑料卷材分隔开。相应地，至少一个悬臂设置于塑料卷材的一侧，而至少一个其它悬臂在待熔合的塑料卷材的相对侧上延伸。已证实有利的是，至少一个悬臂刚性地和不可移动地连接至可移动支撑架，而至少一个相对悬臂以竖直枢转方式设置于支撑架上。可枢转设置的悬臂的枢转实现了相对压辊和行进辊之间的间隙的闭合，并且允许位于其间的塑料卷材被夹持用于熔合。当然，还可能的是，两个臂为可枢转的。
本发明的另一优选实施例的特征在于，包括压辊和行进辊的牢固悬臂设计成在端部为中空的并且各自在其内部容纳挠性轴。轴以低摩擦方式容纳于中空悬臂中，使得对其旋转无干扰。自动焊接机由此可具有特别紧凑的设计，并且以牢固方式在其弯曲位置对挠性轴进行引导。中空悬臂可具有闭合或打开的C形横截面几何形状，只要能够确保挠性轴的牢固引导。
自动焊接机的另一有利实施例提供了用于在相对压辊和行进辊之间生成张紧力的张紧装置。已发现有利的是，将张紧装置设置在可枢转地设置于支撑架上的悬臂上。通过枢转悬臂，首先闭合相对压辊和行进辊之间的间隙，然后产生张紧力。可枢转悬臂经由致动杠杆来枢转。为此，通过将致动杠杆偏心安装于张紧装置上，致动杠杆旋转的旋转角度被转换成张紧装置和以防扭转方式连接至张紧装置的可枢转悬臂的更小旋转角度。
在本发明的优选实施例中，张紧装置是基于弹簧加载元件的，诸如螺旋弹簧形式的张紧弹簧，并且以与可枢转悬臂的枢转相同的方式通过致动杠杆进行操作。从轴向力来看，弹簧加载元件相对于致动杠杆的支点偏心地连接至致动杠杆。通过将致动杠杆从压辊和行进辊相对于彼此打开的位置移动至压辊和行进辊闭合的位置，弹簧加载元件被压缩并产生相应的弹簧力。产生的弹簧力作为力矩作用于可枢转悬臂，并在相对压辊和行进辊之间生成所需张紧力。张紧装置的张紧力可通过弹簧加载元件的预加载和/或通过更换弹簧加载元件改变，由此张紧力可适于不同卷材厚度的待熔合的材料，和适于所使用的压辊和行进辊。
为更好管理，特别是当更换压辊和行进辊时，或当将自动焊接机放置于待彼此熔合的塑料卷材上时，可将张紧装置锁定于相对压辊和行进辊的打开位置和闭合位置。为此，弹簧力起作用的弹簧加载元件的作用轴在致动杠杆的相应端部位置横交于致动杠杆的支点。这样，要将致动杠杆向后移出端部位置，就需要一个相反于弹簧力起作用的力消耗。
在另一实施例中，设置于可移动支撑架上的加热装置设计为热空气鼓风机，该热空气鼓风机包括热空气喷嘴，该热空气喷嘴指向待熔合塑料卷材的接缝区域。热空气流可沿着待熔合材料处的接缝区域均匀地分布，或可通过多个喷嘴开口聚集于特定点，该多个喷嘴开口横跨热空气喷嘴的宽度分布。
作为热空气鼓风机的替代方案，对待熔合材料的热输入还可通过热锲刀发生。在这种情况下，热锲刀设置于待熔合塑料卷材之间的进给装置中，在开始焊接过程之前，必须将其移动至接缝区域并锁定于该位置。
在自动焊接机中，同时包括热空气鼓风机和热锲刀的组合加热装置为有利的，因为考虑到通过设备进行处理的材料和卷材厚度，这能实现塑料材料的更广泛选择。
通过将致动杠杆转移至相对压辊和行进辊处于闭合状态的端部位置，将相应加热装置移动至待熔合的塑料卷材。为此，将加热装置可移动地(例如，可枢转地或可线性位移地)设置于支撑架上，并且通过偏心地连接至致动杠杆的杠杆，将加热装置带至焊接位置和带离焊接位置。
由此，可单手操作的张紧装置通过致动杠杆将相对压辊和行进辊移动至塑料膜、施加所需按压压力、并促使潜在的当前的加热装置伸展。这些步骤的组合简化了自动焊接机的操作。
为减少融合塑料卷材中波浪形的形成，具有较小直径的压辊和行进辊已证实为特别有利的。在焊接处理期间，较小的辊直径使材料保持低升降，有效地减少了波浪形的形成。由于可移动轴的作用，使自动焊接机能够实现特别紧凑设计，并将压辊和行进辊与大体积的齿轮箱在空间上分隔开。因此，在自动焊接机的优选实施例中，压辊和行进辊的直径为不超过25mm，并且优选地在20mm和25mm之间。
相对压辊和行进辊通常具有相同直径，并且因而具有相同旋转速度；然而，使用具有适当调整的旋转速度的偏差辊直径也是可能的。在自动焊接机的压辊和行进辊具有不同直径的一个实施例中，只要抬升塑料卷材的辊满足上述关于直径的标准，就足够了。
为进一步缓解波浪形的形成，压辊和行进辊的纵向轴线可以宽于焊接接缝的宽度，由此塑料卷材的传输可在下述方面得以改善：驱动发生在塑料卷材的冷却固态区域中。
本发明的优选实施例提供了驱动单元的驱动电机，该驱动电机设计为盘式电机。其优选地为通过直流操作的无刷直流电机。
附图说明
下文将基于图中所示的一个典型实施例来更详细地描述本发明。根据本发明的典型实施例的下述描述，结合权利要求书和附图，本发明的附加特征将是显而易见的。本发明的各个特征在本发明的不同实施例中可单独或组合实现。图中：
图1示出了处于打开位置的根据本发明的自动焊接机的等距图示，该自动焊接机包括相对的压辊和行进辊；
图2示出了处于闭合位置并施加有按压力的根据本发明的自动焊接机的等距图示，该自动焊接机包括相对的压辊和行进辊；
图3a示出了处于打开位置的根据本发明的自动焊接机的示意性图示，该自动焊接机包括相对的压辊和行进辊；
图3b示出了旋转180°的图3a的视图；
图4a示出了处于中间位置的根据本发明的自动焊接机的示意性图示，该自动焊接机包括相对的压辊和行进辊；
图4b示出了旋转180°的图4a的视图；
图5a示出了处于闭合位置的、热锲刀为伸展状态的根据本发明的自动焊接机的示意性图示，该自动焊接机包括相对的压辊和行进辊；
图5b示出了旋转180°的图5a的视图；
图6示出了根据本发明的自动焊接机的透过外壳的剖面图，该自动焊接机包括蜗杆齿轮机构；和
图7示出了透过图6中的蜗杆齿轮机构的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于搭焊塑料卷材的边缘的根据本发明的自动焊接机1，该塑料卷材在图中未示出。所示自动焊接机为优选实施例，其中压辊18和行进辊18'各自通过挠性轴15,15'来驱动。自动焊接机1的支撑架2可位移地支撑于驱动辊3上。支撑框架2包括外壳4，外壳4容纳图中未示出的驱动装置，该驱动装置包括驱动电机10和至少一个齿轮箱12。外壳4或支撑架2上还提供有轴台，该轴台为不可见的且其形成支撑架2的一部分，张紧装置19安装并固定于其上。支撑元件2'，其侧部上设置有两个悬臂16,17，也形成张紧装置19的一部分。下方的固定悬臂16以防扭转方式连接至支撑元件2'，而上方的可枢转悬臂17通过支撑元件2'在竖直面中可旋转地安装至支撑架2。两个悬臂16,17为U形，并且各自在其自由端部处承载有压辊18和行进辊18'。压辊18和行进辊18'的特征在于为小于25mm的较小直径，并且其直径优选地在20mm和25mm之间的范围内。悬臂16,17为中空的，在其内部，其各自将图中未示出的挠性轴15,15'，从与齿轮箱12的连接处引导至压辊18和/或行进辊18'。
通过枢转可枢转悬臂17，压辊18和行进辊18'之间的间隙闭合，并夹持设置于其间的塑料卷材以用于焊接处理。可枢转悬臂17通过设置于支撑元件2'上的致动杠杆21来枢转，其中，可枢转悬臂17以防扭转方式连接至支撑元件2'。螺旋弹簧形式的弹簧加载元件20一端被紧固至支撑元件2'。其另一端安装于致动杠杆21上，以关于旋转轴5可旋转，旋转轴5平行于致动杠杆21的旋转轴7延伸。由于弹簧加载元件20在致动杠杆21上的偏心安装，致动杠杆21转过的旋转角度，转换成了支撑元件2'和以防扭转方式连接至张紧装置的可枢转悬臂17的更小的旋转角度。通过将致动杠杆21从相对的压辊18和行进辊18'相对于彼此打开的位置转移至相对的压辊18和行进辊18'闭合的位置，弹簧加载元件20被压缩并且产生相应的弹簧力。所产生的弹簧力作为力矩作用于支撑元件2'，并由此作用于刚性连接至其的悬臂17，该悬臂17关于旋转轴24旋转并在相对的压辊18和行进辊18'之间产生所需的张紧力。通过预加载弹簧加载元件20和/或通过更换弹簧加载元件20，可以改变张紧装置19的张紧力，并由此可使张紧力适于不同卷材厚度的待熔合材料和所使用的压辊18和行进辊18'。
此外，图1示出了包括热锲刀(hot wedge)的加热装置。在所示实施例中，热锲刀6通过加热元件承载体8可线性移动地安装于支撑架2上，并且为了进行焊接处理，必须将其移动至压辊18和/或行进辊18'之间的焊接接缝。热锲刀的位置同样通过致动杠杆21来控制。为此，热锲刀6经由杠杆22连接至致动杠杆21，其中，杠杆22相对于相同的支点5可偏心旋转地连接至致动杠杆21。由此，加热元件承载体8沿着引导件9线性地移动，这根据图4a、图5a中的热锲刀6的位置的比较结果是显而易见的。作为备选方案或作为组合方案，加热装置6可以通过所示实施例中未提供的热空气鼓风机和指向待熔合在一起的塑料卷材的热空气喷嘴来实现。
致动杠杆21具有两个端部位置。图1示出了处于打开端部位置的致动杠杆21，在该打开端部位置，相对的压辊18和行进辊18'彼此之间具有间隙，并且热锲刀位于距压辊18和行进辊18'最远处。该位置尤其适合用于对准待熔合的塑料卷材和/或用于更换压辊18和/或行进辊18'。
图2示出了图1所描述的自动焊接机1，然而其中致动杠杆21移动至另一端部位置。在该位置，相对的压辊18和/或行进辊18'是闭合的。在该端部位置，图中未示出的待熔合的塑料卷材位于按压辊18和/或行进辊18'之间。弹簧加载元件20被最大程度张紧，并且将力矩施加于可枢转悬臂17上，从而使压辊18和/或行进辊18'之间存在适当的按压力。热锲刀已移动至待熔合在一起的塑料卷材的接缝区域。致动杠杆21锁定于该端部位置。图中不可见的挠性轴15和15'在中空悬臂16,17中延伸，并且在相对方向上驱动压辊18和行进辊18'，使得自动焊接机1可沿着塑料卷材在设置于支撑架2上的驱动辊3上位移。
图3a至图5b以示意性剖面图示出了根据本发明的自动焊接机1。为了得到改良的清晰度起见，外壳4未示出。成对的附图各自示出了自动焊接机1的位置。单对的附图彼此之间的不同之处在于致动杠杆21的位置。从图3a和图3b中所示的压辊18和/或行进辊18'的打开位置出发，图4a和图4b示出了处于两个端部位置之间的位置的致动杠杆21，在该位置，压辊18和/或行进辊18'闭合但尚未施加张紧力；而图5a和图5b示出了端部位置，在该端部位置，压辊18和/或行进辊18'闭合并且通过压缩的弹簧加载元件20施加有张紧力。
中空悬臂16和17各自在其内部引导了一个挠性轴15和15'。可枢转悬臂17和张紧装置19通过回转接头23可枢转地连接至外壳4(外壳4在这些图中未示出)，其中，挠性轴15由回转接头23引导至可枢转悬臂17中。
如上文已描述，致动杠杆21可枢转地设置于其支点5上，如此以来，弹簧加载元件20在致动杠杆21上的偏心布置便导致了可枢转悬臂17的上述移动。各个步骤示出于图3、图4和图5中。在图4a和图4b中，螺旋弹簧9始终是弯曲的，尽管这在图中为非显而易见的。
另外，在具体实施例中，当致动杠杆21移动时，热锲刀6可经由杠杆22相对于支点5偏心地移动至闭合压辊18和/或行进辊18'之间的接缝区域(如上文所述)，或当压辊18和/或行进辊18'打开时可被再次拉回。为了操作者的安全性，将这两个过程的控制相结合。这防止了热锲刀在压辊18和/或行进辊18'的打开位置伸出，并处于操作者到达的区域中，例如当更换按压辊18和/或行进辊18'时。
如已述及，致动杠杆21自动地锁定于两个端部位置，以防止其意外地移出特定端部位置。锁定通过弹簧加载元件20的作用轴实现，在该作用轴上，弹簧力垂直于致动杠杆21的旋转轴7在致动杠杆21的相应端部位置起作用，由此就需要一个与弹簧力相对的力以用于将致动杠杆21移出端部位置。
图6示出了根据本发明的透过自动焊接机1的外壳4的剖面图。示出了包括相关联的齿轮箱12的驱动装置。蜗杆13座接于驱动电机10的电机轴11上，并驱动两个蜗轮14,14'。蜗轮14,14’可设置成由蜗杆13分离，在某个平面或(如示例性实施例所示)在相对于彼此倾斜的多个平面中彼此相对。在所示变型中，由蜗杆13和两个蜗轮14,14'组成的齿轮箱12具有非常低的安装高度。这使得自动焊接机1的配置非常紧凑。
图7示出了透过图6中的齿轮箱12的剖面图。由于下方蜗轮14'的倾斜平面，齿轮箱的安装高度的减小为容易看到的。下方蜗轮14'驱动由固定悬臂16引导的挠性轴15'，并且上方蜗轮14驱动由可枢转悬臂17引导的挠性轴15。下方蜗轮14'的倾斜位置使连接至其的固定悬臂16和行进辊18'能够设置在自动焊接机1上的特别低的位置处，这样，结合压辊18和/或行进辊18'的小直径，可将待熔合在一起的塑料卷材的抬起高度最小化。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于搭焊塑料卷材的边缘的自动焊接机（1），包括可移动支撑架（2）、用于部分地熔融所述塑料卷材的加热装置（6）、至少两个相对的反向旋转的压辊（18）和行进辊（18'），所述压辊（18）和行进辊（18'）由驱动装置经由相应的挠性轴（15,15'）驱动，其中，所述驱动装置包括驱动电机（10）和至少一个齿轮箱（12）以用于驱动所述压和/或行进辊（18,18'），所述至少一个齿轮箱（12）设置成蜗杆齿轮机构，所述蜗杆齿轮机构包括蜗杆（13）和由所述蜗杆（13）驱动的至少两个反向旋转的蜗轮（14,14'）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述蜗杆齿轮机构为齿轮减速型蜗杆齿轮机构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述支撑架（2）包括不可移动的固定悬臂（16）和可移动的枢转悬臂（17），所述不可移动的固定悬臂（16）包括行进辊（18'），所述可移动的枢转悬臂（17）包括压辊（18）。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述两个悬臂（16和17）为中空的，且各自在其内部容纳有挠性轴（15,15'）·。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述自动焊接机（1）包括用于在所述相对压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）之间生成张紧力的张紧装置（19）。
6.根据权利要求5所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述可移动的枢转悬臂（17）包括用于在所述相对压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）之间生成张紧力的所述张紧装置（19）。
7.根据权利要求5所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述张紧装置（19）包括用于设定所述张紧力的可更换的弹簧加载元件（20）和用于移动所述可移动的枢转悬臂（17）的致动杠杆（21）。
8.根据权利要求6所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述张紧装置（19）包括用于设定所述张紧力的可更换的弹簧加载元件（20）和用于移动所述可移动的枢转悬臂（17）的致动杠杆（21）。
9.根据权利要求5所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述张紧装置（19）可锁定于所述压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）的相对于彼此的打开位置和闭合位置。
10.根据权利要求7所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述张紧装置（19）可锁定于所述压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）的相对于彼此的打开位置和闭合位置。
11.根据权利要求10所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述致动杠杆（21）连接至杠杆（22），所述杠杆（22）继而连接至所述加热装置（6），经由所述张紧装置（19）的致动杠杆（21）能够将所述加热装置（6）缩回和伸展。
12.根据权利要求1所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述加热装置（6）设置成热空气鼓风机，所述热空气鼓风机包括热空气喷嘴，所述热空气喷嘴指向待熔合的所述塑料卷材；和/或所述加热装置（6）设置成置于所述塑料卷材之间的热锲刀。
13.根据权利要求1所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述压辊和/或行进辊（18,18'）具有小于25mm的直径。
14.根据权利要求13所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述直径在20mm和25mm之间。
15.根据权利要求1所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述驱动电机（10）设置成盘式电机。
16.根据权利要求15所述的自动焊接机（1），其特征在于，所述盘式电机为通过直流操作的无刷直流电机。
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