CN106859632A - A kind of contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel and its cardioelectric monitor method - Google Patents
A kind of contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel and its cardioelectric monitor method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel and its cardioelectric monitor method, it is related to the measurement of the bioelectrical signals of human body or partes corporis humani point, more particularly to a kind of biomedicine signals measurement apparatus and its monitoring method for electrocardiography, and for the contactless EGC sensor of multichannel cardioelectric monitor, EGC sensor is included in the detecting element that pcb board is internally formed and the electrocardiosignal amplification module being mounted on pcb board；The bottom wiring layer of pcb board is divided into detecting electrode and the shading ring around detecting electrode；Along the uniform via connection shading ring of shading ring three-dimensional mask chamber is formed with screen layer；Detecting electrode obtains electrocardiosignal by Capacitance Coupled in a non contact fashion.Multiple individually contactless EGC sensors of small size, electrocardiogram equipment main frame is connected to multi-channel differential input mode, in the daily electromagnetic environment that there is wireless signal interference, the electrocardiosignal for being collected has the signal quality of the Special Medical electrocardiogram equipment traditional measurement mode that can compare.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to the measurement of the bioelectrical signals of human body or partes corporis humani point more particularly to a kind of for electrocardiography
Biomedicine signals measurement apparatus and its monitoring method, and for the contactless EGC sensor of multichannel cardioelectric monitor.
Background technology
The lesion of heart is a slow process, and normal person is hardly noticeable that the minor variations of heart.And often have
Sudden, transience and very big danger, therefore patient allows for carrying out cardioelectric monitor in real time and easily.For
Some high-risk client need are monitored and early warning in real time, so as to avoid the generation of danger.However, existing consumption
Class electrocardio product still cannot obtain the electrocardiosignal of similar specialty dynamic multichannel electrocardiogram equipment (such as Holter), and be similar to
The electrocardiosignal of Holter is only the Medicine standard of Diagnosing Cardiac disease and cardiac physiology.At present in North America, Europe with
And some consumer products related to electrocardio has occurred in China's Mainland market, such as export real-time heart rate, i.e., it is per minute
The intelligent watch of beats, bra type or pectoral girdle formula cardiotachometer, the single finger for estimating heart rate is changed by blood by pulse
Optics cardiotachometer, the both hands for obtaining electrocardiosignal using each finger in left and right refer to electrocardiogram equipment, and use a conventional wet
Formula electrode is attached to chest and obtains single channel electrocardiogram equipment of electrocardiosignal etc..Relative to the high cost specialty of ten thousand yuan of levels of RMB
Medical electrocardiogram equipment (Holter), the consumer electrocardio product of these hundreds of to thousands of first levels is undoubtedly more suitable for ordinary populace,
And their easy donning and Holter can be better than the characteristics of real time output, thus can be greatly improved it is popular to from
The understanding of body health of heart.In the related consumer product of these electrocardios, the only exportable heart real time signal of latter two, because
And closest to Holter.But, because both hands refer to that the electrocardiogram equipment person of needing to use could complete record using both hands, influence makes
The daily life and work of user, so discrete electrocardiosignal can only be obtained, and are limited by electrode positioned at finger,
Away from heart, its quality of output signals is limited.And single channel electrocardiogram equipment is limited in antijamming capability, such as in user
Heartbeat and the clear electrocardiosignal of monitoring cannot be effectively caught in motion.As can be seen here, due to these consumer products all without
Method obtains high-quality multichannel electrocardiosignal, and the information medicine physiological significance that it is obtained is limited, is still not enough to for diagnosing the heart
Dirty disease and monitoring cardiac physiology.
A kind of Chinese invention patent " novel intelligent electrocardiogram test healthcare apparatus " (patent of invention number：ZL201010539911.3 is awarded
Power notification number：CN102462494B a kind of novel intelligent electrocardiogram test healthcare apparatus) are disclosed, is obtained by biological electrode
Core electric signal, electrocardiosignal is amplified using signal processing chip, A/D conversions, drift suppression, ac filter,
Electrocardio filters and contacts the treatment such as detection, obtains high-quality electrocardio collection of illustrative plates.It is connected and installed in by communication interface module individual
Computer software analysis processing unit on people's computer, notebook computer, net book, mobile phone carrys out record analysis electrocardio
Waveform is referred to for clinical examination, with test heartbeat, pressure detecting, pressure of relaxing interaction, electrocardiogram medical monitoring, identity
The functions such as identification, mood test.The technical scheme is carried out using double variable thresholdings method (i.e. crest threshold value and trough threshold value)
Judge and process.But, in the case of strongly disturbing, such as signal level unstability of base line is gathered, containing obvious electromyographic signal,
Or cause by motion electronic device noise when, the threshold method cannot substantially ensure to catch the efficiency of electrocardiosignal.This
Outward, the threshold method seizure moment usually can not be accurate.Because under noise jamming, threshold value can not be clearly embodied relative to R ripples
Position, i.e., sometimes apart from R ripples farther out, sometimes relatively near, such rhythm of the heart is estimated to be very big error.Even if can be again
Threshold value is set, complicated and harsh actual conditions cannot be also met.
A kind of Chinese invention patent " mobile terminal and cardioelectric monitor method of contactless cardioelectric monitor " (patent of invention number：
ZL201110328284.3 Authorization Notice No.：CN102512153B a kind of mobile end of contactless cardioelectric monitor) is disclosed
End and cardioelectric monitor method, the cardioelectric monitor method include：Mobile terminal is gathered comprising electrocardio number by contactless mode
According to signal；The mobile terminal carries out denoising and and other data separatings treatment to the electrocardiogram (ECG) data in the signal；
Extracting data of the mobile terminal from after separating treatment goes out electrocardiogram (ECG) data；The mobile terminal passes through wireless mobile communications
The electrocardiogram (ECG) data that network will be extracted is sent to specified receiving device.The method that the prior art scheme uses wavelet transformation,
Noise is first filtered, electrocardiosignal is then reconstructed.So as to cleverly reduce noise to catching the influence of heartbeat.But, due to
Filtering and reconstruct can bring certain influence to primary signal, and this is likely to result in electrocardiosignal distortion, so that cannot obtain high-quality
Amount electrocardiosignal, it is difficult to for Diagnosing Cardiac disease and monitoring cardiac physiology.
A kind of Chinese invention patent " contactless EGC sensor and its application " (patent of invention number：ZL 201210128390.1
Authorization Notice No.：CN102657524B a kind of contactless EGC sensor) is disclosed, using circular double-face pcb board electricity
Pole a, face is provided with three areas, is electrically insulated between three areas, and center circle area is sensing chip, successively to being externally provided with annular
Blind zone and annular ground wire area, also are provided with three areas on another face, center circle is Fu Tong areas, applies copper district center and is provided with bag
The paster weld zone of preamplifier, front end filter is included, Fu Tong areas periphery is annular ground wire area, sensing chip and phase
The common shared region in adjacent ring shielding area is symmetrical with another face Shang Futong areas, the annular ground wire area phase on two faces
Symmetrically, the output end of preamplifier is connected with Ji Futong areas of ring shielding area respectively, the ground of preamplifier
End is connected with the annular ground wire area on two faces respectively, the output of the input connection sensing chip of preamplifier.It is two-sided
Pcb board electrode is positioned at the opening end of circular metal shielding box, is provided with the one of sensing chip facing to opening, is provided with Fu Tong areas
One facing to shielding box inner chamber.The sensing chip of the technical scheme is exposed, it is necessary to wear a underwear or T-shirt by user to reach
To relative " insulation ".Due to clothes under certain conditions (such as user perspires or there was dampness in the air), its insulativity will drop significantly
Low (even lower to K ohm levels), the not proper electric insulation of method of the technical scheme.Surveyed in electrocardio
In amount, skin and electrode contact can not only cause the contact between polarizing voltage, and electrode and skin to there is polarization resistance,
The movement of measured's body also results in polarization resistance impedance value and changes, and polarization resistance can be regarded as whole circuit system
System source resistance, and the input resistance of pre-amplification circuit carries out partial pressure, and the polarization resistance of change also results in preposition amplification electricity
The partial pressure output on road plays pendulum.
Chinese invention patent application " remote ecg monitoring and fault diagnosis system " (application for a patent for invention number：201510096714.1
Publication number：CN104644159A a kind of monitoring diagnosis system) is disclosed, including for gathering and electrocardiosignal can be stored
Electrocardio-data collection unit, the electrocardio-data collection unit with for receiving and carry out the mobile terminal that electrocardiosignal shows
Connection, the mobile terminal is connected by network with ecg analysis platform；Ecg analysis platform can be to mobile terminal transmission
Electrocardiosignal is analyzed treatment.In order to system is miniaturized, above-mentioned prior art is locally stored or little Rong using nothing
Amount is locally stored, the data processing method for also or using low precision recording in short-term (reduce data storage pressure), or will
The electrocardiogram (ECG) data for collecting wirelessly is transferred to external reception equipment storage.But, if user present position is super
Go out wireless signal overlay area, or live serious interference, above-mentioned prior art easily causes the permanent of data and loses
Lose, it is difficult to ensure the integrality of real time data.
On the other hand, traditional wet electrode uses passive design, and its volume and erection space are all smaller (diameter 1cm or so),
Rather than contact electrode generally uses active design, volume and erection space are all larger, increased the difficulty of electrode placement,
Reduce users'comfort.Additionally, the input impedance of contactless electrode is G ohm levels, it is very quick to ambient noise
Sense, easily causes back end signal modulate circuit saturation, therefore, how to reduce the volume and erection space of contactless electrode,
Improve the shield effectiveness of electrode, improve the signal to noise ratio of input ecg signal, promotion signal quality is also wearable real-time
The technical problem that Multi-channel non-contact electrocardiogram equipment must be solved.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of wearable contactless electrocardiogram equipment of real time multi-channel, can be had with low cost
Standby information medicine physiological significance, the high-quality multichannel electrocardio that can be used in Diagnosing Cardiac disease and monitoring cardiac physiology
Signal.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel, by electrocardiogram equipment main frame and at least 3 EGC sensor groups
Into each EGC sensor is distributed in conventional ECG electrode position, to obtain the multichannel of similar Special Medical electrocardiogram equipment
Electrocardiosignal, it is characterised in that：
Described EGC sensor is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame with multi-channel differential input mode；
Each EGC sensor is made up of one piece of independent 4 layer circle pcb board, is included in inside 4 layers of circular pcb board
The detecting element of formation, and it is mounted on 4 layers of electrocardiosignal amplification module and four cores connection of circular pcb board layer top layer wiring layer
Connect device；Described electrocardiosignal amplification module is connected to described detecting element, and described four core connectors are by electrocardio sensing
Device is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame；The described 4 layers second layer of circular pcb board all apply copper and form screen layer；4 layers of circle
Shape pcb board third layer is interior wiring layer, is connected for the power supply inside EGC sensor and signal；
Described detecting element is formed using multi-layer PCB technique, by detecting electrode and the three-dimensional mask chamber of encirclement detecting electrode
Composition：The bottom wiring layer of described 4 layers circular pcb board is divided into positioned at the detecting electrode at pcb board center and around detection
The shading ring of electrode；Shading ring and screen layer are connected along the uniform some vias of shading ring, the three of cage modle stereochemical structure are formed
Dimension shielding cavity；The outer surface of the bottom wiring layer integrally covers welding resistance insulating barrier, formed detecting electrode and human body skin it
Between high impedance electrical isolation, described detecting electrode obtains electrocardiosignal by Capacitance Coupled in a non contact fashion；
Described detecting electrode is connected to the in-phase input end of electrocardiosignal amplification module by capacitance；Described three-dimensional
Shielding cavity is connected to the reverse input end of electrocardiosignal amplification module by resistance, to eliminate external interference signal to detection electricity
The influence of pole.
A kind of preferably technical scheme of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is characterised in that
Described electrocardiogram equipment main frame includes electrocardio sampling unit, signal processing unit and wireless transmission unit；Described electrocardio sampling
Unit is connected and composed by the instrument amplifier and eight channel modulus converters of each electrocardiosignal passage；The instrument of each electrocardiosignal passage
Connected in multichannel Differential Input mode with amplifier, wherein, first EGC sensor as shared difference negative pole, with each road
The inverting input of the instrument amplifier of independent electrocardiosignal passage is connected in parallel；Remaining each EGC sensor is used as each road independence
Electrocardiosignal passage difference positive pole, is connected respectively to the in-phase input end of the instrument amplifier of each electrocardiosignal passage；From the heart
Each road electrocardiosignal of electric transducer, through instrument with amplifier high power differential amplification after, be respectively sent to eight passage analog-to-digital conversions
The corresponding analog input channel of device, sample conversion is data signal, and signal processing unit is sent to as electrocardio sampled data.
A kind of superior technique scheme of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is characterised in that
Described signal processing unit is cached including level one data, heartbeat capture module, mass storage, secondary data caching
And Web server；The electrocardio sampled data that described electrocardio sampling unit obtains sample conversion is sent to level one data and delays
Deposit, and as initial data storage to mass storage；Described heartbeat capture module is cached from level one data and read
Electrocardio sampled data, calculates heartbeat quantitative estimation value and is judged to catch electrocardiosignal according to heartbeat quantitative estimation value, by electrocardio
Signal data is sent to secondary data caching；Described Web server reads ecg signal data from secondary data caching,
After being converted to HTML standard form, online electrocardiosignal display function is provided by wireless transmission unit；Described Web clothes
Business device reads ecg signal data from mass storage, is provided by wireless transmission unit after being converted to HTML standard form
History heartbeat data is played back and original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data download function.
A kind of preferred technical scheme of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is characterised in that
Described mass storage uses high integration non-volatile memory chip, and its available storage is at least 2GB, can be with
Meet the requirement of high accuracy high sampling rate multichannel electrocardiosignal uninterrupted storage for a long time.
A kind of improved technical scheme of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is characterised in that
Described wireless transmission unit includes or bluetooth, ZigBee or WiFi ad Hoc wireless networks, or 2G, 3G or 4G public network；
Intelligent terminal only need to access Web server based on HTML agreements by wireless transmission unit, without installing any special-purpose software
Or plug-in unit can just realize the cross-platform display of ECG data；Described intelligent terminal is configuration HTML standard network browsing
The cross-platform terminal device of device, including based on Windows, any operation system of Linux, Unix, iOS or Android
The personal computer of system platform, notebook computer, smart mobile phone, intelligent mobile terminal, or tele-medicine first-aid centre
Monitor terminal；Described web browser includes supporting the IE of HTML standard, and Chrome, Firefox, Safari is clear
Look at device, or the application app based on Web service.
A kind of further improved technical scheme of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is special
It is also to include alarm unit of the configuration in the middle and upper part of elastic dress material front to levy, and described alarm unit includes being connected to the heart
The mini microphone and alarm button of electric instrument main frame, in case of emergency wearer can by pin alarm button come typing from
Oneself voice signal, and warning information to the intelligent terminal for having connected is sent, or will be alarmed by public data communication network
Information auto-broadcast is to client service center or medical first aid center.
It is the key for calculating heart rate and the rhythm of the heart that heartbeat catches, and is worn for above-mentioned it is a further object to provide one kind
The cardioelectric monitor method of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of formula real time multi-channel is worn, solves efficiently to be caught under complicated unstable condition
The technical problem of heartbeat.The present invention solves the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of cardioelectric monitor method for the above-mentioned wearable contactless electrocardiogram equipment of real time multi-channel, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
S10：N history electrocardio sampled data x is obtained from the mass storage 223 of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20i, wherein,
I=1 ... n, xi=[xi,1 xi,2 ... xi,m] it is i-th sample vector, m is sample vector xiMaximal dimension, n is
Sample total and n are much larger than m；
S20：In the exploitation of product initial stage and interim renewal, using original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data xiSet up in development environment
Sample matrix simultaneously performs machine learning program, obtains obtaining the object vector β of minimum error values by limited number of time iteration, makees
For constant parameter is stored into the memory of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20, for the weight vector that any individual any time heartbeat catches；
S30：Electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 is sampled by electrocardio and obtains real-time sampling data xi, using the object vector for prestoring
β calculates heartbeat quantitative estimation valueTo real-time sampling data xiHeartbeat estimation is carried out, is realized fast
Fast heartbeat catches, wherein, T is operated for matrix transposition.
A kind of preferably technical scheme of cardioelectric monitor method of the invention, it is characterised in that described step S20 according to
Lower step performs machine learning program：
S200：Generation one, with the random value vector of dimension, is set to the initial value of β with object vector β；
S210：Sample matrix (x is set up in development environmenti,yi) i=1 ... n, wherein yiIt is history electrocardio sampled data xiIt is
No is the judgment value of heartbeat, i.e.,
S220：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up error function J (β)：
Wherein,J is the dimension of object vector β, and constant λ is used to control iterative increment size,
λ≈1；
S230：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up gradient function dJ/d β：
Work as j=0,
When j >=1；
S240：Using error function J (β) and gradient function dJ/d β as input, GNC fminunc functions are called,
It is iterated computing and updates object vector β：
S250：Local extremum is found by the iterative algorithm of finite number of time, finally give obtain minimum error values target to
Amount β=[b1 b2 ... bm], send electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 to as constant parameter and be stored into its memory.
A kind of preferably technical scheme of cardioelectric monitor method of the invention, it is characterised in that described step S30 according to
Lower step carries out heartbeat estimation：
S300：The real-time sampling data x of EGC sensor is obtained from level one data cachingi；
S310：Using the object vector β for prestoring, real-time sampling data x is calculatediHeartbeat quantitative estimation valuey′iResult of calculation between zero and one；
S320：Judge heartbeat quantitative estimation value y 'iWhether 0.5 is more than, if y 'i＞ 0.5, goes to step S330, otherwise goes to step
S340；
S330：Judge sampled data xiIt is real heartbeat, by heart time feeding secondary data caching, return to step S300
Wait electrocardio sampling next time；
S340：Judge not including effective heartbeat data in sampled data, return to step S300 waits electrocardio sampling next time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, it is contactless using multiple individually small sizes
EGC sensor, with multi-channel differential input mode, electrocardiogram equipment main frame is connected to by length up to the signal conductor of 50cm,
In the daily electromagnetic environment that there is the interference of the wireless signals such as mobile phone signal and WiFi, the electrocardiosignal for being collected has can
The signal quality of Special Medical electrocardiogram equipment Holter traditional measurement modes of comparing.
2nd, the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention, configures high integration non-volatile memory chip
The mass storage of composition, can meet wanting for high accuracy high sampling rate multichannel electrocardiosignal uninterrupted storage for a long time
Ask, realize that electrocardio samples storage does not rely on extraneous wireless signal covering；No matter whether user present position is by wireless signal
Covering, can ensure that electrocardiogram (ECG) data will not be lost.
3rd, the built-in Web server of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention and wireless transmission unit,
After ecg signal data is converted to HTML standard form, by wireless transmission unit provide online electrocardiosignal display function and
History heartbeat data is played back and original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data download function；Any configuration HTML standard web browser across flat
Station terminal equipment, only need to access described Web server by wireless transmission unit, without install any special-purpose software or
Plug-in unit can just realize the cross-platform display of ECG data.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the EGC sensor three dimensional structure diagram of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure sectional view of the EGC sensor of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the sensitive surface sectional view of the EGC sensor of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the chest allocation plan schematic diagram of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the waist allocation plan schematic diagram of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the shoulder allocation plan schematic diagram of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the electrocardiogram equipment main frame schematic diagram of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the machine learning method flow chart of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention；
Figure 10 is the heartbeat method of estimation flow chart of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention.
In figure, 1- layer top layer wiring layers, 2- electrocardiosignal amplification modules, 201- preamplifiers, 202- two-stage amplifiers,
The core connectors of 3- tetra-, 4- screen layers, wiring layer in 5-, 6- detecting electrodes, 7- shading rings, 8- vias, the insulation of 9- welding resistances
Layer, 10- detecting elements, 20- electrocardiogram equipment main frames, 21- electrocardio sampling units, 211- instrument amplifiers, 212- analog-to-digital conversions
Device, 22- signal processing units, 221- level one datas caching, 222- heartbeat capture modules, 223- mass storages, 224-
Secondary data is cached, 225-Web servers, 23- wireless transmission units, 30- intelligent terminals, 40- elasticity dress materials, 50-
Alarm unit, Hs- EGC sensors H1~H6.
Specific embodiment
For better understanding of above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, carry out with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples further detailed
Thin description.
One group of implementation of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention is for example shown in Fig. 4 to 7, by the heart
Electric instrument main frame 20 and the k contactless EGC sensor Hs composition of independent small size, wherein s=1~k, 9 >=k >=3,
Described EGC sensor Hs, up to the signal conductor of 50cm, the heart is connected to multi-channel differential input mode by length
Electric instrument main frame 20；Each EGC sensor Hs is made up of one piece 4 layers of independent diameter 2.8cm circular pcb board；
In three kinds of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 configuration embodiments, k=6, the chest of elastic dress material 40 be configured with 6 EGC sensor H1~
H6；In three kinds of configuration embodiments of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, described EGC sensor H1~H6 is distributed in conventional electrocardiogram
Electrode position, to obtain the multichannel electrocardiosignal of similar Special Medical electrocardiogram equipment (Holter).
For one embodiment such as figure of the EGC sensor of the wearable contactless electrocardiogram equipment of real time multi-channel of the invention
Shown in 1 to 3, the detecting element 10 that 4 layers of circular pcb board are internally formed is included in, and be mounted on 4 layers of circle PCB
The core connector 3 of electrocardiosignal amplification module 2 and four of plate layer top layer wiring layer；Described electrocardiosignal amplification module 2 is connected to
EGC sensor Hs is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 by described detecting element 10, four described core connectors 3；It is described
The core connector 3 of electrocardiosignal amplification module 2 and four be mounted on 4 layers of layer top layer wiring layer 1 of circular pcb board；Described 4
All deposited copper forms screen layer 4 to the second layer of the circular pcb board of layer；Described 4 layers circular pcb board third layer are interior wiring layer 5,
Connected for the power supply inside EGC sensor and signal；
Described detecting element 10 is formed using multi-layer PCB technique, by detecting electrode 6 and the three-dimensional of encirclement detecting electrode 6
Shielding cavity is constituted：The bottom wiring layer of described 4 layers circular pcb board is divided into detecting electrode 6 and shading ring 7, described inspection
Survey electrode 6 is diameter 2.5cm circles Fu Tong areas, positioned at 4 layers of circular pcb board center；Described shading ring 7 is width
The annular Fu Tong areas of 1.4mm, positioned in circular pcb board outer ring；Left between described detecting electrode 6 and shading ring 7
The clearance for insulation of 0.1mm；Along the shading ring connection shading ring 7 of via 8 and screen layer 4 of 7 uniform 40, cage modle is formed
The three-dimensional mask chamber of stereochemical structure；One preferred embodiment of EGC sensor of the invention, the via 8 is diameter
The plated through-hole of 3mil；The outer surface of the bottom wiring layer integrally covers welding resistance insulating barrier 9, formed detecting electrode 6 with
High impedance electrical isolation between human body skin, 1G ohm of its insulaion resistance ＞, described detecting electrode 6 is with noncontact side
Formula obtains electrocardiosignal by Capacitance Coupled；Between the detecting electrode 6 and skin of contactless EGC sensor of the invention
Without any direct electrical connection, both need to smear gel guarantee well by skin surface unlike existing wet type electrode
Conduction, also needs to wear underwear or T-shirt by user unlike the exposed contactless EGC sensor of existing sensing chip
To reach relative " insulation ".
Described electrocardiosignal amplification module 2 includes preamplifier 201 and two-stage amplifier 202, described detecting electrode
6 in-phase input ends that preamplifier 201 is connected to by capacitance；Described three-dimensional mask chamber is by 10K ohm of electricity
Resistance is connected to the reverse input end of preamplifier 201, to eliminate influence of the external interference signal to detecting electrode 6；Institute
The preamplifier 201 stated is connected to two-stage amplifier 202 by Filtering of ECG Signal device.In EGC sensor of the invention
A typical embodiment in, described Filtering of ECG Signal device by 0.5Hz high-pass filterings, 100Hz LPFs and
50Hz trap circuits are connected and composed.It is low frequency signal, the preferred embodiment according to Fig. 1, sheet in view of electrocardiosignal
The EGC sensor of invention, as four core connectors 3, replaces CN102657524B technologies using the core audio sockets of 3.5mm tetra-
Scheme is used for the miniUSB interfaces of electrode connection.Because the core audios of 3.5mm tetra- of centrosymmetric class cylindrical shape are inserted
Seat is non-directional, and cable plug can be from 360 degree of arbitrarily angled insertion sockets, than that must be inserted from a fixed angle
The miniUSB interfaces use for entering socket more facilitates.The output end of described electrocardiosignal amplification module 2, via four cores
Connection 3 is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame by length up to 50cm audio signal wires.In order that user protects under different attitudes
Optimal wearing comfort degree is demonstrate,proved, the present invention provides three kinds of sampling system distribution schemes, and chest scheme as shown in Figure 4 is applied to
Motion, waist scheme as shown in Figure 5 is applied to comfort level requirement light activity higher, shoulder side as shown in Figure 6
Case is applied to sleep, and user can choose at random and configure according to hobby.
Because EGC sensor of the invention uses three-dimensional mask cavity configuration and multi-channel differential input mode, can effectively disappear
Except external interference, hence it is evident that improve signal to noise ratio, circular pcb board diameter is reduced to 2.8cm, phase by EGC sensor of the invention
Than a diameter of 3.9cm circle pcb boards of CN102657524B technical scheme, EGC sensor area reduction of the invention
48.5%.It is of the invention wearable many in real time by greatly reducing the volume and erection space of contactless EGC sensor
The contactless electrocardiogram equipment of passage can be laid and more electrodes of arranging in the chest space of comparable size, to improve electrocardio letter
Number sampling spatial resolution.As Figure 4-Figure 6, EGC sensor of the invention can easily be built in elastic clothing matter face
In material, and it is distributed in the electrocardiosignal of the similar Holter of classical position acquisition.
One embodiment of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention is as shown in fig. 7, the described heart
Electric instrument main frame 20 includes electrocardio sampling unit 21, signal processing unit 22 and wireless transmission unit 23；Described electrocardio is adopted
The passage mould of k-1 instrument amplifier 211 and eight that sample unit 21 is connected by the multichannel Differential Input mode of each electrocardiosignal passage
Number converter 212 is constituted；K-1 instrument amplifier 211 is connected in multichannel Differential Input mode, wherein, first electrocardio is passed
Sensor H1 is used as shared difference negative pole, and the instrument with each road independence electrocardiosignal passage is in parallel with the inverting input of amplifier 211
Connection；Remaining each EGC sensor H2~Hk is connected respectively to as k-1 roads independence electrocardiosignal passage difference positive pole
The instrument of each electrocardiosignal passage in-phase input end of amplifier 211；Each road electrocardiosignal from EGC sensor Hs, warp
After instrument is with the high power of amplifier 211 (280 times of multiplication factor ＞) differential amplification, eight channel modulus converters are respectively sent to
212 corresponding analog input channel, sample conversion is 16bit data signals, is sent at signal as electrocardio sampled data
Reason unit 22.
It is very sensitive to ambient noise because the input impedance of contactless electrode is high (G ohm levels), after easily causing
End signal modulate circuit saturation.The instrument amplifier 211 of the present embodiment is the INA333 instrument difference amplifiers of Texas Instruments,
INA333 has common-mode rejection ratio and extremely low input offset voltage very high, can effectively filter out from contactless electrode
The common mode disturbances being mixed into electrocardiosignal, fundamentally improve the signal to noise ratio of input ecg signal, promotion signal quality.
The embodiment of the electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel according to Fig. 8, institute
The signal processing unit 22 stated includes level one data caching 221, heartbeat capture module 222, mass storage 223, two
DBMS caches 224 and Web server 225；The electrocardio sampling that described electrocardio sampling unit 21 obtains sample conversion
Data are sent to level one data caching 221, and as initial data storage to mass storage 223；Described heartbeat
Capture module 222 reads electrocardio sampled data from level one data caching 221, calculates heartbeat quantitative estimation value and according to heartbeat
Quantitative estimation value judges to catch electrocardiosignal, and ecg signal data is sent into secondary data caching 224；Described Web
Server 225 reads ecg signal data from secondary data caching 224, after being converted to HTML standard form, by wireless
Transmission unit 23 provides online electrocardiosignal display function；Described Web server 225 is read from mass storage 223
Core electrical signal data, to be converted to and provide history heartbeat data by wireless transmission unit 23 after HTML standard form and play back
And original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data download function.
One embodiment of the electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 of the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel of the invention,
Described mass storage 223 uses high integration non-volatile memory chip, and its available storage is at least 2GB,
The requirement of high accuracy high sampling rate multichannel electrocardiosignal uninterrupted storage for a long time can be met；With the 16bit high accuracy hearts
As a example by electric signal, if sample rate is every passage 1KHz, 24 hours sampled datas of 8 passages of uninterrupted storage are realized, deposited
Storage capacity at least needs 16*1000/8*3600*24*8=1382400000byte ≈ 1.4GB；Technical scheme reality
Show electrocardio samples storage and do not rely on extraneous wireless signal covering；No matter whether user present position is covered by wireless signal,
Electrocardiogram (ECG) data is all without loss.
Described wireless transmission unit 23 includes or bluetooth, ZigBee or WiFi ad Hoc wireless networks, or 2G, 3G
Or 4G public networks；30 need of intelligent terminal are based on HTML agreements and access Web server 225 by wireless transmission unit 23,
Any special-purpose software or plug-in unit need not be installed can just realize the cross-platform display of ECG data；Described intelligent terminal 30
To configure the cross-platform terminal device of HTML standard web browser, including based on Windows, Linux, Unix, iOS
Or the personal computer of any operation system platform of Android, notebook computer, smart mobile phone, intelligent mobile terminal,
Or the monitor terminal of tele-medicine first-aid centre；Described web browser includes supporting IE, the Chrome of HTML standard,
Firefox, Safari browser, or the application app based on Web service.
Allocation plan embodiment according to Fig. 4-6, the wearable contactless electrocardiogram equipment of real time multi-channel of the invention
Also include being connected to the alarm unit 50 of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20, described alarm unit 50 is configured in the front of elastic dress material 40
Middle and upper part, including a mini microphone and an alarm button；In case of emergency (such as feel nervous, it is uncomfortable in chest,
It is uncomfortable etc.) wearer of electrocardiogram equipment can carry out typing oneself by pinning alarm button (length is pressed, and is such as pinned more than 3 seconds)
Voice signal (such as " now I feel nervous uncomfortable in chest "), and (such as mobile phone of intelligent terminal 30 for sending an alert to have connected
Etc handheld device), described intelligent terminal 30, can be timely automated by public data communication network after alarm is obtained
It is broadcast to client service center or medical first aid center；User or healthcare givers can be according to the time of fire alarming moment of wearer and languages
Message is ceased, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) data piece of material time point is rapidly and accurately extracted from the magnanimity history electrocardiogram (ECG) data of the wearer
The body-feeling association of Duan Bingyu wearers, realizes that efficient data is searched for, the exception aroused in interest of the sporadic and random generation of seizure,
Premature beat or the electrocardiogram (ECG) data of cardiac arrhythmia；(as run, take a walk, have a meal, take medicine) under nonemergency, wearer
By clicking or short by alarm button, the alarm unit 50 can be also used for the voice record of event or wearer's state,
It is later data analysis and medical diagnosis on disease gathered data.
Cardioelectric monitor method for the above-mentioned wearable contactless electrocardiogram equipment of real time multi-channel of the invention includes following step
Suddenly：
S10：N history electrocardio sampled data x is obtained from the mass storage 223 of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20i, wherein,
I=1 ... n, xi=[xi,1 xi,2 ... xi,m] it is i-th sample vector, m is sample vector xiMaximal dimension, n is
Sample total and n are much larger than m；
S20：In the exploitation of product initial stage and interim renewal, using original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data xiSet up in development environment
Sample matrix simultaneously performs machine learning program, obtains obtaining the object vector β of minimum error values by limited number of time iteration, makees
For constant parameter is stored into the memory of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20, for the weight vector that any individual any time heartbeat catches；
The operand of this step is big, and time-consuming, is only put down in the calculating of development environment in the exploitation of product initial stage and interim reproducting periods
Performed on platform.
S30：Electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 is sampled by electrocardio and obtains real-time sampling data xi, using the object vector for prestoring
β calculates heartbeat quantitative estimation valueTo real-time sampling data xiHeartbeat estimation is carried out, is realized fast
Fast heartbeat catches, wherein, T is operated for matrix transposition.Due to f (xi, β) mainly include linear operation, amount of calculation very little,
So the heartbeat of this step catches the speed of algorithm quickly, CPU very littles are taken, use the electrocardio of low-power-consumption embedded CPU
The ability that instrument main frame 20 has abundance completes a heartbeat and estimates every 50-100 milliseconds, can completely keep primary signal
In the state of waveform, electrocardiosignal is caught using simple and quick linear operation.
The embodiment of the heartbeat method for catching of the invention according to Fig. 9, described step S20 holds according to following steps
Row machine learning program：
S200：Generation one is vectorial with the random value of dimension with object vector β, used as the initial value of β；According to one preferably
Embodiment, the initial value of object vector β is based on a random value vector (with β with tieing up) between 0 and 1, then
Every the one-dimensional numerical value of random value vector is multiplied by 0.2 and subtracts 0.1 again and generation.
S210：Sample matrix (x is set up in development environmenti,yi) i=1 ... n, wherein yiIt is history electrocardio sampled data xiIt is
No is the judgment value of heartbeat, i.e.,
S220：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up error function J (β)：
Wherein,J is the dimension of object vector β, and constant λ is used to control iterative increment size,
λ≈1；
S230：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up gradient function dJ/d β：
Work as j=0,
When j >=1；
Because object vector β is multidimensional (total dimension is m, m ＞ 1), its corresponding gradient function is also multidimensional,
That is every one-dimensional (the such as jth dimension) of gradient function is that single orders of the error function J (β) based on object vector correspondence dimension is inclined
Lead.Meanwhile, in iterative process, artificially give sample vector xiThe dimension that constant is 1 is increased, labeled as x0,
It is corresponding to increase a correspondence x in object vector β0Dimension b0, for being returned in General Linear in estimation to intercept.
It is emphasized that b0Only used in the iterative calculation for object vector β.When calculating terminates, find based on all samples
After this optimum target vector, b0Will be removed.
S240：Using error function J (β) and gradient function dJ/d β as input, GNC fminunc functions are called,
It is iterated computing and updates object vector β：
S250：Local extremum is found by the iterative algorithm of finite number of time, finally give obtain minimum error values target to
Amount β=[b1 b2 ... bm], send electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 to as constant parameter and be stored into its memory.
The embodiment of the heartbeat method for catching of the invention according to Figure 10, described step S30 enters according to following steps
Row heartbeat is estimated：
S300：The real-time sampling data x of EGC sensor is obtained from level one data cachingi, xiIt is the number that length is hundreds of
Group, wherein containing length 50-100 milliseconds of multi-channel sampling data；
S310：Using the object vector β for prestoring, real-time sampling data x is calculatediHeartbeat quantitative estimation valuey′iResult of calculation between zero and one；
S320：Judge heartbeat quantitative estimation value y 'iWhether 0.5 is more than, if y 'i＞ 0.5, goes to step S330, otherwise goes to step
S340；
S330：Judge sampled data xiIt is real heartbeat, by heart time feeding secondary data caching, return to step S300
Wait electrocardio sampling next time；
S340：Judge not including effective heartbeat data in sampled data, return to step S300 waits electrocardio sampling next time.
In order to embody central inventive point of the invention, above-mentioned heartbeat catches algorithm and only describes rudimentary algorithm structure in detail.
Although in the embodiment more than, object vector β is 1 × m array, heartbeat method for catching of the invention is equally applicable
In increasingly complex Mathematical Modeling, for example, for multilayer neural network, calculating f (xi, β) during retouched, it is necessary to add
The matrix of hidden layer is stated, it is probably multiple to therefore relate to object vector, i.e., from xiStart to need to carry out multiple computing successively,
Matrix multiplication operation of each layer of execution, finally gives one based on sample xi, value heartbeat between zero and one estimates
Meter result f (xi,β).Specific calculation step mathematical model is different and variant, but heartbeat catches the basic structure of algorithm
As being with thinking.
Those of ordinary skill in the art is it should be appreciated that the embodiment of the above is intended merely to illustrate skill of the invention
Art scheme, and be not used as being limitation of the invention, it is any based on connotation of the invention to embodiment described above
Change, the modification made, will all fall in scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel, by electrocardiogram equipment main frame and at least 3 EGC sensor groups
Into each EGC sensor is distributed in conventional ECG electrode position, to obtain many of similar Special Medical electrocardiogram equipment
Passage electrocardiosignal, it is characterised in that：
Described EGC sensor is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame with multi-channel differential input mode；
Each EGC sensor is made up of one piece of independent 4 layer circle pcb board, is included in inside 4 layers of circular pcb board
The detecting element of formation, and it is mounted on 4 layers of electrocardiosignal amplification module and four of circular pcb board layer top layer wiring layer
Core connector；Described electrocardiosignal amplification module is connected to described detecting element, and four described core connectors will
EGC sensor is connected to electrocardiogram equipment main frame；The described 4 layers second layer of circular pcb board all deposited copper formation shielding
Layer；Described 4 layers circular pcb board third layer are interior wiring layer, are connected for the power supply inside EGC sensor and signal
Connect；
Described detecting element is formed using multi-layer PCB technique, by detecting electrode and the three-dimensional mask chamber of encirclement detecting electrode
Composition：The bottom wiring layer of 4 layers of circular pcb board be divided into positioned at pcb board center detecting electrode and surround
The shading ring of detecting electrode；Shading ring and screen layer are connected along the uniform some vias of shading ring, cage modle is formed three-dimensional
The three-dimensional mask chamber of structure；The outer surface of the bottom wiring layer integrally covers welding resistance insulating barrier, forms detecting electrode
High impedance electrical isolation between human body skin, described detecting electrode is obtained by Capacitance Coupled in a non contact fashion
Core electric signal；
Described detecting electrode is connected to the in-phase input end of electrocardiosignal amplification module by capacitance；Described three-dimensional
Shielding cavity is connected to the reverse input end of electrocardiosignal amplification module by resistance, to eliminate external interference signal to inspection
Survey the influence of electrode.
2. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described heart
Electric instrument main frame includes electrocardio sampling unit, signal processing unit and wireless transmission unit；Described electrocardio sampling unit
Connected and composed by the instrument amplifier and eight channel modulus converters of each electrocardiosignal passage；The instrument of each electrocardiosignal passage
Connected in multichannel Differential Input mode with amplifier, wherein, first EGC sensor as shared difference negative pole, with
The inverting input of the instrument amplifier of each road independence electrocardiosignal passage is connected in parallel；Remaining each EGC sensor conduct
Each road independence electrocardiosignal passage difference positive pole, be connected respectively to each electrocardiosignal passage instrument amplifier it is same mutually defeated
Enter end；Each road electrocardiosignal from EGC sensor, through instrument with amplifier high power differential amplification after, be respectively transmitted
To the corresponding analog input channel of eight channel modulus converters, sample conversion is data signal, used as electrocardio hits
According to being sent to signal processing unit.
3. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described letter
Number processing unit includes level one data caching, heartbeat capture module, mass storage, secondary data caching and Web
Server；The electrocardio sampled data that described electrocardio sampling unit obtains sample conversion is sent to level one data and delays
Deposit, and as initial data storage to mass storage；Described heartbeat capture module is cached from level one data
Electrocardio sampled data is read, heartbeat quantitative estimation value is calculated and is judged to catch electrocardio letter according to heartbeat quantitative estimation value
Number, ecg signal data is sent to secondary data caching；Described Web server is cached from secondary data and read
Ecg signal data, after being converted to HTML standard form, provides online electrocardiosignal and shows by wireless transmission unit
Show function；Described Web server reads ecg signal data from mass storage, is converted to HTML standard
History heartbeat data is provided after form by wireless transmission unit to play back and original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data download function.
4. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described nothing
Line transmission unit includes or bluetooth, ZigBee or WiFi ad Hoc wireless networks, or 2G, 3G or 4G public network；
Intelligent terminal only need to access Web server based on HTML agreements by wireless transmission unit, any special without installing
The cross-platform display of ECG data can be just realized with software or plug-in unit；Described intelligent terminal is configuration HTML
The cross-platform terminal device of standard web browser, including based on Windows, Linux, Unix, iOS or Android
Any operation system platform personal computer, notebook computer, smart mobile phone, intelligent mobile terminal, or
The monitor terminal of tele-medicine first-aid centre；Described web browser includes supporting IE, the Chrome of HTML standard,
Firefox, Safari browser, or the application app based on Web service.
5. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described is big
Capacity memory uses high integration non-volatile memory chip, and its available storage is at least 2GB, Ke Yiman
The requirement of sufficient high accuracy high sampling rate multichannel electrocardiosignal uninterrupted storage for a long time.
6. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel described in any claim according to claim 1-5, its
It is characterised by also including alarm unit of the configuration in the middle and upper part of elastic dress material front, described alarm unit includes connecting
Be connected to the mini microphone and alarm button of electrocardiogram equipment main frame, in case of emergency wearer can by pin alarm by
Button carrys out the voice signal of typing oneself, and sends warning information to the intelligent terminal for having connected, or by public number
According to communication network by warning message Auto broadcast to client service center or medical first aid center.
7. the contactless electrocardiogram equipment of wearable real time multi-channel described in a kind of any claim for claim 1-5
Cardioelectric monitor method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S10：N history electrocardio sampled data x is obtained from the mass storage 223 of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20i, wherein,
I=1 ... n, xi=[xi,1 xi,2 … xi,m] it is i-th sample vector, m is sample vector xiMaximal dimension,
N is for sample total and n is much larger than m；
S20：In the exploitation of product initial stage and interim renewal, using original electrocardiographicdigital sampled data xiBuilt in development environment
Vertical sample matrix simultaneously performs machine learning program, obtains obtaining the object vector of minimum error values by limited number of time iteration
β, is stored into the memory of electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 as constant parameter, for any individual any time heartbeat
The weight vector of seizure；
S30：Electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 is sampled by electrocardio and obtains real-time sampling data xi, using the object vector for prestoring
β calculates heartbeat quantitative estimation valueTo real-time sampling data xiHeartbeat estimation is carried out,
Realize that rapid heart catches, wherein, T is operated for matrix transposition.
8. cardioelectric monitor method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described step S20 holds according to following steps
Row machine learning program：
S200：Generation one is vectorial with the random value of dimension with object vector β, used as the initial value of β；
S210：Sample matrix (x is set up in development environmenti,yi) i=1Ln, wherein yiIt is history electrocardio sampled data xi
Whether be heartbeat judgment value, i.e.,
S220：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up error function J (β)：
Wherein,J is the dimension of object vector β, and constant λ is used to control iterative increment size,
λ≈1；
S230：Based on sample matrix (xi,yi) set up gradient function dJ/d β：
Work as j=0,
When j >=1；
S240：Using error function J (β) and gradient function dJ/d β as input, GNC fminunc functions are called,
Computing is iterated, object vector β is updated：
S250：Local extremum is found by the iterative algorithm of finite number of time, finally give obtain minimum error values target to
Amount β=[b1 b2 ... bm], send electrocardiogram equipment main frame 20 to as constant parameter and be stored into its memory.
9. cardioelectric monitor method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described step S30 holds according to following steps
Row machine learning program：
S300：The real-time sampling data x of EGC sensor is obtained from level one data cachingi；
S310：Using the object vector β for prestoring, real-time sampling data x is calculatediHeartbeat quantitative estimation valuey′iResult of calculation between zero and one；
S320：Judge heartbeat quantitative estimation value y 'iWhether 0.5 is more than, if y 'i>0.5, S330 is gone to step, otherwise turn step
Rapid S340；
S330：Judge sampled data xiIt is real heartbeat, by heart time feeding secondary data caching, return to step S300
Wait electrocardio sampling next time；
S340：Judge not including effective heartbeat data in sampled data, return to step S300 waits electrocardio sampling next time.
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| WO2020073979A1 (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-04-16 | 南京大学 | Shielded active electrode for physiological electrical detection |
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| CN109805921A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-28 | 深圳小辣椒科技有限责任公司 | The cross-platform method of sampling of electrocardiogram (ECG) data and cardioelectric monitor system |
| CN113116360A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 石家庄以岭药业股份有限公司 | Portable data acquisition unit |
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| CN113974636B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-07-18 | 武汉大学 | Image target detection-based 12-lead electrocardio electrode plate wearing auxiliary inspection method |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |