CN106856458A - A kind of transport layer source method of rate control - Google Patents
A kind of transport layer source method of rate control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106856458A CN106856458A CN201710048969.XA CN201710048969A CN106856458A CN 106856458 A CN106856458 A CN 106856458A CN 201710048969 A CN201710048969 A CN 201710048969A CN 106856458 A CN106856458 A CN 106856458A
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/25—Flow control; Congestion control with rate being modified by the source upon detecting a change of network conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transport layer source method of rate control, the method is on the basis of transport layer protocol, in source according to this node link layer RTS number of each packet, a suitable transmission rate is searched out by way of binary search so that RTS number is on 1 to a pre-set interval between maximum RTS number.In this transmission rate, can effectively alleviate the violent channel competition near the source that the packet burst of source is caused of transport layer protocol and network congestion.The method also can be according to the change of the relative change detection of TS number of adjacent R to network condition, so as to restart the process for finding most suitable transmission rate.The method has four states, respectively radical transmission, slow turn-on, binary search and stable state.Can mutually be shifted under certain condition between this four states.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Wireless network congestion control technology field, and in particular to a kind of transport layer source speed control side
Method.
Background technology
Existing research is it has been shown that transmission control protocol (TCP) shows serious performance evil in multi-hop wireless network
Change.The main cause for causing this phenomenon is the congestion condition that transport layer judges network by accident regularly.One loss of packet
It is considered as a kind of mark of network congestion.However, existing in wireless network various other the factor of packet loss may be caused.Example
Such as, the high bit-error of wireless channel, the conflict of opening and shares channel, and the route break caused by the movement of terminal.Frequently
Packet loss inhibit transport layer send window increase, so as to reduce handling capacity.
The reason for three of the above causes packet loss is respectively occurring at physical layer, link layer and Internet.Existing research is
Point out, generation packet loss caused by the opening and shares channel confliction of link layer is the principal element of wireless network packet loss, and physics
It is relatively small that the channel error code of layer and the route break of Internet rebuild influence.Therefore, in order to effectively improve TCP wireless
Transmission performance in network, notice is concentrated mainly on the channel confliction for alleviating link layer.
TCP carries out web impact factor using window is sent.Window increase is sent, then in a RTT, can be sent
Packet increase, the handling capacity of TCP also just increases, and vice versa.However, TCP does not point out to send in window can send
Packet will send in what manner, therefore major part TCP versions using as possible send by the way of disposably send downwards,
Namely no matter nodal cache can be accommodated enough, all packets that can be sent can be sent.This behavior exists
Too big problem is not resulted in cable network, but in the wireless network, because 4 jump interference range specific to wireless network
Problem, cause the channel competition near source excessively violent, finally waste channel resource, reduce network transmission efficiency.
It is similar with TCP, when the transmission rate of UDP is excessive, the situation similar to the burst of tcp data bag is also occurred as soon as,
As the cut-throat competition of wireless channel and cause waste Internet resources, ultimately result in network performance decline.
In sum, transport layer needs a rate control mechanism for source to alleviate the congestion in wireless network.TCP has
Congestion control, flow control and Control for Dependability function, but it is the absence of the source rate control feature of microcosmic point.Cable network
Middle lower floor's link realizes rate control feature indirectly, but is but not carried out in the wireless network.Therefore, transport layer speed control
Function processed is necessary.UDP is also such.Speed control is considered a kind of very useful instrument for carrying out congestion control.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve drawbacks described above of the prior art, there is provided a kind of transport layer source speed control
Method, the method determines a transmission according to the value of RTS number on source node itself link layer and MAC transmission time parameters
Speed is caused in a pre-set interval at RTS number between a minimum value and a maximum value, swash near source node with reaching slowed down
Strong channel competition and the purpose of serious network congestion, can effectively improve handling capacity and reduce time delay, improve transport layer
Performance.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that：
A kind of transport layer source method of rate control, methods described includes：
Radical forwarding step：As long as link layer queue is sky just to transport layer request data package, the number that then will be asked
Sent according to bag, while the RTS number and MAC measured needed for now sending each packet send the time, be designated as maximum
RTS number and MAC most long send the time；After a number of packet has been sent, maximum RTS number is sent out with MAC most long
The measured value of time is sent to upload to transport layer, into slow turn-on step；
Slow turn-on step：The inverse that the MAC most long that the radical forwarding step is measured sends the time is designated as just originating
Transmission rate, while being also search lower bound speed, packet is sent downwards in transport layer with initial transmission rate, has sent a fixed number
Current RTS number is measured after the packet of amount, if current RTS number is less than the maximum RTS half of number, multiplication sends speed
Rate, then sends packet with new transmission rate；If current RTS number is more than the maximum RTS half of number, remember currently transmitted
Speed is search upper bound speed, into binary search step；
Binary search step：Note is the initial rate region of search from search lower bound speed to search upper bound speed, in this area
Between on a speed is searched out in the way of binary search so that with this transmission rate send packet when, RTS times for measuring
Number is searched for and successfully then enters stabilizing step in a pre-set interval between 1 and maximum RTS number, and search fails then again
Into radical forwarding step；
Stabilizing step：Packet is sent with the transmission rate that binary search step search goes out, and is monitored simultaneously current RTS times
Number and the relative change between RTS number of last time, if current RTS number is more than the certain multiple of RTS number of last time or is less than
RTS certain multiple of number of last time, then reenter radical forwarding step, otherwise, keeps transmission rate constant.
Further, the RTS number and the MAC are sent the time and are obtained using sliding window average mode measurement,
Specially send the sliding window average value calculated after certain amount packet.
Further, the radical forwarding step persistently sends packet, when transport layer has packet to send, chain
Road layer queue is upward pulling data bag, is then attempt to send；The slow turn-on step, the binary search step and described steady
Determining step link layer queue will not active pull packet.
Further, a transmission is used in the slow turn-on step, the binary search step and the stabilizing step
Timer is controlled transmission rate, and the time-out time of the transmission timer is set to the inverse of transmission rate；When the hair
After sending timer expiry, transport layer sends downwards a packet, then restarts timer, and restarting every time sends fixed
When device be required for calculating new time-out time according to present rate.
Further, the binary search step is specially:
It is the interval median of rate search to set transmission rate first, and packet, Ran Hougen are sent with this transmission rate
Transmission rate, including following three kinds of situations are adjusted according to the current RTS number measured under the transmission rate：
(1) if current RTS number is more than the RTS maximum of several pre-set intervals, the search rate upper bound is set to work as
Preceding speed, is then set to the interval median of search rate by present rate；
(2) if current RTS number is less than the RTS minimum value of several pre-set intervals, search rate lower bound is set to work as
Preceding speed, is then set to the interval median of search rate by present rate；
(3) if current RTS number stops the search procedure of speed, into the stabilization in RTS several pre-set intervals
Step.
Further, described RTS times several pre-set interval refer to one RTS several minimum values to RTS several maximum it
Between the scope that is manually set, it is maximum RTS times that described RTS times several pre-set interval are set as that minimum RTS times of 0.3 to 0.5 times is counted to
Interval between number.
Further, in the stabilizing step, if RTS number is changed greatly, illustrate that network condition changes, it is necessary to again
Carry out the rate control process of a new round, wherein switch condition be set to RTS number more than 1.2 times of upper one RTS number or
Person is less than 0.8 times.
Further, if the current RTS number is in RTS several pre-set intervals, in the search procedure of stopping speed,
The bound distance for stopping search is the 5% of initial bound distance.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
1st, the present invention has the advantages that simple and easy to apply.Be improved on the basis of transport layer protocol, only source node according to
The channel information adjustment transmission rate of this node, the change to the transport layer of source node is also little, between not changing adjacent node
Interaction.
2nd, the present invention has the advantages that broad applicability.RTS number is the very accurate index of reaction network congestion condition,
And be not always the case under different channel width.By RTS number control between a minimum value and a maximum value, can significantly reduce
Network congestion, while will not also lose network resource utilization.
3rd, the present invention has willing advantage.For adjusting several of foundation RTS times of speed in source node measurement, section
Transmission in point, so information is accurate, timely.Search rate uses binary search algorithm, can be reached with most fast convergence rate
It is required that.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of transport layer state transition diagram of transport layer source method of rate control disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of RTS flow chart of number measurement of transport layer source method of rate control disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of the binary search of transport layer source method of rate control disclosed by the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention to avoid the serious channel collision and network congestion that transport layer source data burst causes, source according to
RTS times number is transmitted speed control.By way of binary search, a transmission rate is found so that in this transmission speed
Under rate, RTS times number is in a pre-set interval between maximum RTS number and minimum RTS number.When network condition has substantially
During change, the method can detect this and change and re-start new sending rate control process.
Based on above-mentioned principle, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
Radical forwarding step：As long as link layer queue is sky just to transport layer request data package, the number that then will be asked
Sent according to bag, while the RTS number and MAC measured needed for now sending each packet send the time, be designated as maximum
RTS number and MAC most long send the time.After a number of packet has been sent, maximum RTS number is sent out with MAC most long
The measured value of time is sent to upload to transport layer, into slow turn-on step.
Slow turn-on step：The inverse that the MAC most long that radical forwarding step is measured sends the time is designated as initial transmission speed
Rate, while being also search lower bound speed.Packet is sent downwards with initial transmission rate in transport layer.Send a number of
Current RTS number is measured after packet.If current RTS number is less than the maximum RTS half of number, double transmission rate, so
Packet is sent with new transmission rate afterwards；If current RTS number is more than the maximum RTS half of number, currently transmitted speed is remembered
It is search upper bound speed, into binary search step.
Binary search step：Note is the initial rate region of search from search lower bound speed to search upper bound speed.In this area
Between on a speed is searched out in the way of binary search so that with this transmission rate send packet when, RTS times for measuring
Number is in a pre-set interval between 1 and maximum RTS number.Search for and successfully then enter stabilizing step, search fails then again
Into radical forwarding step.Search refers to unsuccessfully, when rate search interval is less than the certain proportion of the initial rate region of search, when
Preceding RTS number is not entered into also in the RTS pre-set interval of number.
Stabilizing step：Packet is sent with the transmission rate that binary search step search goes out, and is monitored simultaneously current RTS times
Number and the relative change between RTS number of last time.If current RTS number is more than the certain multiple of RTS number of last time or is less than
RTS certain multiple of number of last time, then reenter radical forwarding step.Otherwise, keep transmission rate constant.
Four steps of the above respectively correspond to transport layer in four states, respectively radical transmission state, slow turn-on state,
Binary search state and stable state.This four states can be changed mutually under given conditions, and specific transfer process is shown in figure
1。
Based on a kind of transport layer source method of rate control that such scheme is formed, its specific implementation process is as follows：
1st, link layer is changed between two stages.Radical forwarding step and slow turn-on step, binary search step, stabilization
Step difference is that radical forwarding step persistently sends packet, when transport layer has packet to send, link layer
Queue is upward pulling data bag, is then attempt to send.And in slow turn-on step, binary search step and stabilizing step, link
Layer queue will not active pull packet.So there are two different stages in link layer, radical hair is respectively set to herein
Stage and rate controlling step are sent, radical forwarding step and slow turn-on step, binary search step, stabilizing step are corresponded to respectively.
, it is necessary to the stage of synchronous change link layer when being changed between different step.
For the error that the wave zone for reducing network condition comes, the RTS number and MAC measured in all steps send the time
Value is all using the sliding window average value calculated after transmission certain amount packet.
In concrete application, RTS number and MAC transmission times are obtained using sliding window average mode measurement.Whenever measurement
To after current RTS number and MAC transmission times, by currency, previous fixed number measurement is carried out averagely therewith.Link layer is in hair
RTS number and MAC transmission times are just uploaded into transport layer after having sent a number of packet, net before can so mitigating
Influence of the network situation to current measurement value.
The different state of link layer differ only in whether when queue has space upward request data package, and to RTS
Number of times and MAC send the measurement of time not to be influenceed.In this example, the data packet number of transmission is set to 10.Detailed process
As shown in Figure 2.
2nd, maximum RTS number is measured in radical forwarding step and after the maximum MAC transmission times, link layer is converted to
Rate controlling step, transport layer is uploaded to by maximum RTS number and maximum MAC transmission times.Transport layer sends according to maximum MAC
The reciprocal of time sets transmission timer, into slow turn-on step.Link layer has often been sent after 10 packets, uploads new system
RTS number of meter, and notification transmission layer renewal rate.If RTS times number is more than the maximum RTS half of number, this explanation is current
Transmission rate is sufficiently high, and using this speed as the search upper bound, slow turn-on process stops, into binary search step.Such as
RTS number of fruit is less than the maximum RTS half of number, then double currently transmitted speed, continues to send data.
3rd, in order to be able to autonomous control transmission rate, there is provided a transmission timer.Transmission timer has two states, stops
Only state and running status.Timer is in halted state during radical forwarding step, and running status is in during other steps.Send
After timer expiry, if transport layer is cached with packet, a packet is sent immediately.
Transmission rate is controlled in slow turn-on step, binary search step, stabilizing step to be carried out using a transmission timer
Control.The time-out time of transmission timer is set to the inverse of transmission rate.After transmission timer time-out, transport layer is to issuing
A packet is sent, timer is then restarted.Restarting timer is required for calculating new according to present rate every time
Time-out time.
4th, after by radical forwarding step and slow turn-on step, it is determined that the region of search of speed.Search out and
One suitable speed, can use other methods.For example, linear search.But it is the presence of line between transmission rate and RTS number
Sexual intercourse, therefore can be found using binary search, this is a kind of most fast method.It is also possible to search out an energy
So that RTS number is in the speed of fixing point, but in order to improve the convergent speed of search, when RTS number be in one RTS times
When in number pre-set interval, you can stop search process.This RTS times several pre-set intervals are an empirical data, different networks
The lower numerical value is different.
RTS several pre-set interval refer to one in RTS several minimum values to the model being manually set between RTS several maximums
Enclose.RTS times several minimum values are 1.RTS several maximums measurement when packet sends according to radical forwarding step is obtained.Work as RTS
During some position between two extreme values of number of times, network resource utilization reaches maximum.In order to accelerate rate of convergence, by this
Point is set to an interval.The interval is empirical value, different because of different network conditions.
In this example, maximum RTS time intervals are counted in interval be set to 0.3 to 0.5 times minimum RTS times.Send speed
The change of rate is relatively independent with the actual packet that sends.Changing transmission rate does not influence current fixed in the transmission of timing
When device.And transmission timer has been sent after to wait after data and actually have sent 10 packets, waits link layer to upload newest
RTS number transmission rate can be just adjusted.
With reference to Fig. 3, the idiographic flow to binary search is analyzed as follows：
(1) if RTS number illustrates that present rate is too big on pre-set interval, present rate is set in search
Boundary, and the median that present rate is set to search between the upper bound and search lower bound；
(2) if RTS number illustrates that present rate is too small under pre-set interval, present rate is set under search
Boundary, and the median that present rate is set to search between lower bound and the search upper bound；
(3) if RTS number is within pre-set interval, illustrate that the speed is suitable speed, then stop search process, will pass
Defeated layer state is set to stable state.
In view of the transmission rate of condition is met within the scope of one, if so searched for during binary search upper and lower
When the distance between boundary is close, the condition for stopping search still is not reaching to, illustrates that this search procedure there may be erroneous judgement, or
Network condition there occurs mutation, it is therefore desirable to detection network situation again, and transport layer enters radical forwarding step, while being also required to
By the state of link layer from speed control phase transition be radical transmission phase.The bound distance for stopping search in this example
It is the 5% of initial bound distance.
5th, speed needs to adapt to the situation of network condition change, at this moment can cause the RTS change of number.Stablize shape when being in
During condition, if RTS number is changed greatly, illustrate that network condition changes, it is necessary to re-start the rate control process of a new round.This reality
Switch condition is set to RTS number in example and is more than 1.2 times of upper one RTS number or less than 0.8 times.
6th, transport layer needs to make corresponding change：
(1) if transport layer protocol is UDP, setting a queue in transport layer is used to cache the data that UDP sends
Bag.This queue processes overflow data using tail drop mode.Queue length should not set too small, more preferable must can so smooth
The influence that the burst of UDP message bag is caused.50 length of packet are set in this example.
(2) if transport layer protocol is TCP, remove and send the limitation that window sends to packet, while cancelling TCP actively
Send the function of packet.TCP whether can send out packet depending on whether transmission timer overtime and radical forwarding step in
Whether link layer queue is empty.Other functions of reservation TCP are constant.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Radical forwarding step：As long as link layer queue is sky just to transport layer request data package, the packet that then will be asked
Send, while measuring RTS number and each packet needed for now sending each packet from entering MAC layer to receipts
MAC to needed for acknowledgement frame sends the time, is designated as maximum RTS number and MAC most long sends the time；It is a number of when having sent
After packet, the measured value that maximum RTS number sends the time with MAC most long is uploaded into transport layer, into slow turn-on step；
Slow turn-on step：The inverse that the MAC most long that the radical forwarding step is measured sends the time is designated as initial transmission speed
Rate, while being also search lower bound speed, packet is sent downwards in transport layer with initial transmission rate, has sent a number of
Current RTS number is measured after packet, if current RTS number is less than the maximum RTS half of number, double transmission rate, so
Packet is sent with new transmission rate afterwards；If current RTS number is more than the maximum RTS half of number, currently transmitted speed is remembered
It is search upper bound speed, into binary search step；
Binary search step：Note is the initial rate region of search from search lower bound speed to search upper bound speed, herein on interval
A speed is searched out in the way of binary search so that when sending packet with this transmission rate, the RTS number for measuring exists
In a pre-set interval between 1 and maximum RTS number.Search for and successfully then enter stabilizing step, search failure is then reentered
Radical forwarding step；
Stabilizing step：The transmission rate gone out with binary search step search sends packet, and monitor simultaneously current RTS number and
Relative change between RTS number of last time.If current RTS number is more than the certain multiple of RTS number of last time or less than last time
The RTS certain multiple of number, then reenter radical forwarding step, otherwise, keeps transmission rate constant.
2. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the RTS number and
The MAC transmission times are obtained using sliding window average mode measurement, specially send meter after certain amount packet
The sliding window average value for calculating.
3. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described radical to send step
Suddenly packet is persistently sent, when transport layer has packet to send, link layer queue is upward pulling data bag, is then tasted
Examination sends；The slow turn-on step, the binary search step and the stabilizing step link layer queue will not active pulls
Packet.
4. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the slow turn-on step
Suddenly transmission rate, is controlled using a transmission timer in the binary search step and the stabilizing step, the transmission is determined
When device time-out time be set to the inverse of transmission rate；After transmission timer time-out, transport layer sends downwards one
Packet, then restarts timer.Restarting transmission timer is required for calculating new surpassing according to present rate every time
When the time.
5. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the binary search step
It is rapid to be specially:
It is the interval median of rate search to set transmission rate first, and packet is sent with this transmission rate, and then basis exists
The current RTS number measured under the transmission rate adjusts transmission rate, including following three kinds of situations：
(1) if the search rate upper bound is set to current speed by current RTS number more than the RTS maximum of several pre-set intervals
Rate, is then set to the interval median of search rate by present rate；
(2) if search rate lower bound is set to current speed by current RTS number less than the RTS minimum value of several pre-set intervals
Rate, is then set to the interval median of search rate by present rate；
(3) if current RTS number stops the search procedure of speed in RTS several pre-set intervals, into the stabilization step
Suddenly.
6. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the RTS number is pre-
If interval refer to one in RTS several minimum values to the scope being manually set between RTS several maximums, the RTS number is pre-
If interval be set as minimum RTS times of 0.3 to 0.5 times count to maximum RTS number between interval.
7. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the stabilizing step
In, if RTS number is changed greatly, network condition change is illustrated, it is necessary to re-start the rate control process of a new round, its transfer
Change condition setting and be more than 1.2 times of upper one RTS number or less than 0.8 times for RTS number.
8. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 5, it is characterised in that if the current RTS
Number of times then stops in the search procedure of speed in RTS several pre-set intervals, and the bound distance for stopping search is initial upper and lower
The 5% of boundary's distance.
9. a kind of transport layer source method of rate control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the search is unsuccessfully
Refer to, when rate search interval is less than the certain proportion of the initial rate region of search, current RTS number does not enter into RTS number also
Pre-set interval in.
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