CN106855435B - Heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star - Google Patents
Heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
Heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star, low temperature is successively sent first, high temperature scaling instruction, control black matrix movement is directed at infrared camera with black matrix middle section, image data is stored respectively after temperature is stablized, then the mean value of each pixel mean data and all pixels is calculated, and then obtain the difference of high/low temperature mean data and the average value of difference, blind element point is judged using difference and difference average value, blind element substitution finally is carried out with row mean value to blind element point, and calculate the low temperature after blind element substitution, high temperature, the mean value of high/low temperature difference image data, and then obtain correction coefficient, and the original image of detector output is corrected.Heterogeneity real-time correction method of the present invention compared with prior art, reduces through correcting action caused by ground calibration progress Nonuniformity Correction, improves the image quality of infrared camera, have good use value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared imagery technique field, heterogeneity is real-time on especially a kind of long wave linear array infrared camera star
Bearing calibration.
Background technique
Infrared detector is due to the limitation of material and technological level, and there are non-uniformities.Infrared detector it is non-
Even property refers to the inconsistency of detector each unit output of each unit in homogeneous radiation input, and also known as intrinsic space is made an uproar
Sound.This noise can seriously affect the image quality of imaging system, and then influence the overall performance of electro-optical system, so must be into
Row Nonuniformity Correction.
In addition, there are huge differences in temperature between space environment and ground as locating for spaceborne infrared camera system
Different, temperature drift can occur for the response characteristic of detector, this will make using the calibration data that are obtained from ground to being in
Infrared imaging system under spaceborne environment deviate when Nonuniformity Correction, and calibration result is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the present invention is having overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of long wave linear array infrared camera
Heterogeneity real-time correction method on star reduces through correcting action caused by ground calibration progress Nonuniformity Correction, changes
The image quality of kind infrared camera.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star, including
Following steps:
(1) when carrying out low temperature calibration, middle section of the control low temperature black matrix movement until infrared camera and low temperature black matrix
Alignment makes black body radiation light, in infrared camera visual field, P row picture number be generated after carrying out low temperature calibration full of simultaneously uniform irradiation
According to when, the M row image data that P+1 row is started stores, and calculates the gray value mean value of each pixel in M row image dataAnd then obtain the gray value mean value of all pixelsP is positive number, and M is positive number, and j is the row number of pixel,It is low
Warm light intensity；
(2) when carrying out high temperature calibration, middle section of the control high temperature blackbody movement until infrared camera and high temperature blackbody
Alignment makes black body radiation light, in infrared camera visual field, P row picture number be generated after carrying out high temperature calibration full of simultaneously uniform irradiation
According to when, the M row image data that P+1 row is started stores, and calculates the gray value mean value of each pixel in M row image dataAnd then obtain the gray value mean value of all pixels For high temperature light intensity；
(3) j-th of pixel of the i-th row in image, generation the i-th row of image after low temperature calibration are generated after calculating separately high temperature calibration
The difference of the gray value mean value of j-th of pixelAll pixels are traversed, and then obtain all pixels of each row
The average value of gray value mean value differenceIt utilizesJudge blind element point, the blind element point stored is sat
Mark, i=1,2,3...M；
(4) the blind element point in image is generated after being calibrated respectively with generation image, high temperature after the substitution low temperature calibration of row mean value, into
And obtain the new low temperature after blind element point is substituted, in new high temperature image each each pixel of row gray value mean value, and be denoted asCalculate the gray value mean value of new all pixels of low temperature imageThe ash of all pixels of new high temperature image
Angle value mean valueThe row mean value for all pixel gray values in being expert at by substitution blind element point mean value；
(5) the correction coefficient G of j-th of pixel of the i-th row is calculatedj、OjFor
Wherein,To generate the i-th row in image after high temperature calibration
The gray value mean value of j-th of pixel,Gray value for j-th of pixel of the i-th row in generation image after low temperature calibration is equal
Value；
All pixels for traversing all row, column, obtain the correction coefficient of each pixel；
(6) it is corrected using the original image that the correction coefficient that step (5) obtain exports infrared camera.
In the step (1)In step (2)Calculation method be
Wherein,To carry out the gray value that low temperature calibrates to obtain the i-th row in M row image data, jth column pixel, i
=1,2,3 ..., M, j be positive integer；
Wherein,To carry out the gray value that high temperature calibrates to obtain the i-th row in M row image data, jth column pixel, i
=1,2,3 ..., M, j be positive integer.
In the step (1)Calculation method be
Wherein, the initial value of i is P+1, and j is that low temperature is calibrated to obtain pixel row number in M row image data, and N is that low temperature is calibrated
The pixel columns into M row image data, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N, V '(i-1,j)It calibrates to obtain M row image to calculate low temperature
Preceding i-1 row in data, jth column pixel gray value mean value, V(i,j)It calibrates to obtain the i-th row in M row image data, jth column for low temperature
Pixel gray value original value, V '(i,j)To calculate preceding i row in the M row image data that low temperature is calibrated, jth column pixel gray value
Mean value；
I=i+1, until i=M obtains V '(M,j)As
In the step (2)Calculation method be
Wherein, the initial value of i is P+1, V '(P,j)=V(P,j), j is that high temperature is calibrated to obtain pixel row number in M row image data, N
It calibrates to obtain pixel columns in M row image data, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N, V ' for high temperature(i-1,j)To calculate high temperature calibration
Obtain preceding i-1 row in M row image data, jth column pixel gray value mean value, V(i,j)It calibrates to obtain in M row image data for high temperature
I-th row, jth column pixel gray value original value, V '(i,j)Calibrate to obtain preceding i row in M row image data, jth column picture to calculate high temperature
First gray value mean value；
I=i+1, until i=M obtains V '(M,j)As
The useJudging the method for blind element point is: whenIt is less thanOrIt is greater thanThen j-th of pixel is blind element point.
In the step (1), step (2) selection range of M be M >=256.
In the step (1) (2) selection range of P be P >=200.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) present invention calculates correction coefficient by real-time blackbody calibration, and the optimal coefficient obtained under current environment completes school
Just, correcting action is small compared with prior art, and Nonuniformity Correction effect is more preferable；
(2) present invention calculates correction coefficient by real-time blackbody calibration, and the obtained real time correction coefficient scope of application is wider,
It is more suitable for complicated space environment compared with prior art；
(3) present invention calculates multirow mean value to each pixel using iterative method, and the memory space that inside needs is compared to direct
Calculating reduces 1/M, the fairly simple realization of calculating process, compared with prior art especially suitable for some internal storage space ratios
Application when more nervous；
(4) present invention carries out blind element substitution before the mean value for calculating all pixels, avoids too large or too small blind
The influence to correction desired value of first point value, improves the accuracy of correction compared with prior art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is time of integration 0.16ms in the method for the present invention, the original image of camera at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature；
Fig. 2 is time of integration 0.16ms, and camera uses the image after existing method correction at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature；
Fig. 3 is time of integration 0.16ms, and camera uses the image after method correction of the invention at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature；
Fig. 4 is time of integration 0.16ms in the method for the present invention, the raw image data response of camera at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature；
Fig. 5 is time of integration 0.16ms, and camera is rung using the image data after existing method correction at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature
It answers；
Fig. 6 is time of integration 0.16ms, and camera uses the image data after the method for the present invention correction at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature
Response；
Fig. 7 is heterogeneity real-time correction method flow chart on a kind of long wave linear array infrared camera star of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is illustrated in figure 7 the operating procedure of the method for the present invention, mainly includes two parts: design factor and correction calculation, meter
The Detailed operating procedures for calculating coefficient are as follows:
(1) low temperature scaling instruction is sent, control black matrix movement stops when infrared camera is aligned with the middle section of black matrix
Only, black body radiation is full of the entire visual field of infrared camera at this time, and uniform irradiation is on infrared camera.After image data is stablized
(sending P row after instruction), M row image data is stored in internal storage A, and calculates mean data to each pixel of M rowAnd the mean value of all pixelsIt is specific to calculate mean dataThere are two types of methods, and method is first is that each
Pixel directly calculatesWherein i is the line number stored after stablizing, 1≤i≤M.I-th row data are stored in inside to deposit
In reservoir, waits i+1 row data interim, add up respectively to each pixel value, obtained result is restored again into inside and is deposited
In reservoir, until counting on M row data.Divided by storage line number M, low temperature mean data can be obtained again in the result being calculatedWith high temperature mean dataIt is rightWithThe cumulative average of all pixels of a line is calculated,
It can be obtainedWithMethod calculates separately each pixel second is that using iterative computing method,
Wherein i is the line number stored after stablizing, and j is pixel row number, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N, V '(i-1,j)It is upper one
The secondary preceding i-1 row being calculated, jth column mean, V(i,j)For the i-th row, jth column raw value, V '(i,j)It is calculated
Preceding i row, jth column mean, iteration enter calculating next time.As i=M, calculating terminates, V ' at this time(M,j)As calculate
The mean value of j-th of the pixel arrived.If the pixel number of every a line is N, pixel indicates that method one needs inside to deposit using 14bit
The size of reservoir is at least M × N × 214, and method two needs the size of internal storage to be at least N × 214, it is seen that method 2 needs
The memory space wanted about reduces 1/M compared to method 1.It, can be according to the size of project hardware store resource in actual design
To select application method one or method two.
(2) high temperature scaling instruction is sent, (P row after instruction is sent) after image data is stablized, M row image data is stored
Mean data is calculated in internal storage B, and to each pixel of M rowAnd the mean value of all pixels
(3) difference of high/low temperature mean data is calculatedWith the average value of differenceFrom storage inside
Mean data is read out in device A and BWithThe difference for calculating the two, is stored in storage inside for difference data
In device C, then calculating difference dataMean valueUtilize difference and difference average value, it can be determined that blind
It is first, blind element point coordinate is stored in internal storage D.Blind element point judgment method is: if the difference of high/low temperature mean dataIt is less thanOrIt is greater thanWhen can be assumed that j-th of pixel is
Blind element point.
(4) the blind element point in the low temperature of storage, high temperature, high/low temperature error image is replaced with row mean value as blind element respectively
Generation, and calculate the mean value of the low temperature after blind element substitution, high temperature, high/low temperature difference image data.Specifically from internal storage D
Blind element coordinate is read out, when clock runs to blind element point, substitutes original blind element point value using row mean value.Then it calculates blind
New low temperature, high temperature, high/low temperature difference image data after member substitutionWith
Mean value
(5) using the mean value of new low temperature, high temperature, high/low temperature difference image data after blind element substitution, formula is utilizedWithCalculate correction coefficient Gj、Oj。
There are mainly two types of operations for correction calculation: addition and multiplication.If being realized using FPGA, for the ease of hardware realization,
In the case where meeting precision, correction coefficient is normalized to fixed-point number, so as to using fixed point adder and fixed-point multiplication device.It examines
Consider the fixed-point integer operation that finite length can only be carried out in FPGA, therefore Gj, OjIt all must be integer, while to guarantee to calculate
Precision, then just needing first to coefficient Gj, OjIt amplifies, is restored again after having been calculated, replace division using shift right operation
Operation.Complete Y=GjX+OjWhen calculating, it should be noted that OjIt is the data with symbol, it can be in OjHighest order setting
For sign bit, the operation of addition or subtraction is completed.It finally also needs to carry out anti-spilled processing to the result having been calculated, i.e., in appearance
(Y > 2 when overflowingm- 1, m are the valid data position of image data), result is set to 2m- 1, when there is lower overflow, result is set to 0.
Embodiment
Under identical working condition (time of integration 0.16ms, gain 1), change blackbody temperature, before measuring and calculation correction,
Image non-uniform residual volume after being corrected after existing bearing calibration correction and using the method for the present invention.Test result is as shown in table 1,
It is corrected using existing method, heterogeneity residual volume decreases, but still in the order of magnitude of a few percent, but uses this
After the method for invention is corrected, heterogeneity residual volume is substantially reduced, and reaches ten thousand/several order of magnitude, calibration result
Clearly.
Attached drawing 1 is time of integration 0.16ms, and the original image of camera at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature, Fig. 2 is the time of integration
0.16ms, for camera using the image after existing method correction, Fig. 3 is time of integration 0.16ms, black matrix temperature at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature
Camera uses the image after method correction of the invention at 35 DEG C of degree, and it is non-to can be seen that original image in the comparison of three width pictures
Uniformity is very poor, and vertical line clearly, and is presented that intermediate pixel gray value is big, and both sides pixel gray value is small, uses existing correction
After method, image non-uniform has some improvement, and pixel grey value profile is compared more evenly, but vertical line is still obvious.
And after being corrected using the method for the present invention, image non-uniform is significantly improved, and vertical line significantly reduces.Attached drawing 4 is
Time of integration 0.16ms, the raw image data response of camera at 35 DEG C of blackbody temperature, attached drawing 5 is time of integration 0.16ms, black
Camera is responded using the image data after existing method correction at 35 DEG C of temperature, and attached drawing 6 is time of integration 0.16ms, black matrix temperature
Camera is responded using the image data after method correction of the invention at 35 DEG C of degree, in the comparison of three width pictures it can be seen that original
Image interlude pixel gray value is big, and both ends gray value is smaller, and after existing method corrects, interlude and preceding segment data compare
Smoothly, but endpiece data gray value becomes larger, and heterogeneity is improved, but still is not very ideal, but by of the invention
After bearing calibration, data are whole all very smooth, non-homogeneous remaining seldom.
In summary it analyzes, it is known that using after bearing calibration of the invention, non-homogeneous remnants are minimum, reduce before relatively correcting
2 orders of magnitude, image display effect is optimal after correction.
Table 1
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) when carrying out low temperature calibration, the movement of control low temperature black matrix is aligned until infrared camera with the middle section of low temperature black matrix,
Make black body radiation light full of simultaneously uniform irradiation in infrared camera visual field, when generating P row image data after carrying out low temperature calibration,
The M row image data storage that P+1 row is started, and calculate the gray value mean value of each pixel in M row image data
And then obtain the gray value mean value of all pixelsP is positive number, and M is positive number, and j is the row number of pixel,For low temperature light intensity；
(2) when carrying out high temperature calibration, the movement of control high temperature blackbody is aligned until infrared camera with the middle section of high temperature blackbody,
Make black body radiation light full of simultaneously uniform irradiation in infrared camera visual field, when generating P row image data after carrying out high temperature calibration,
The M row image data storage that P+1 row is started, and calculate the gray value mean value of each pixel in M row image data
And then obtain the gray value mean value of all pixels For high temperature light intensity；
(3) j-th of pixel of the i-th row in image, generation the i-th row of image jth after low temperature calibration are generated after calculating separately high temperature calibration
The difference of the gray value mean value of a pixelAll pixels are traversed, and then obtain all pixel gray scales of each row
It is worth the average value of mean value differenceIt utilizes Judge blind element point, the blind element point coordinate stored, i
=1,2,3...M；
(4) the blind element point generated in image after generating image, high temperature calibration after low temperature is calibrated is substituted with row mean value respectively, and then is obtained
The gray value mean value of each each pixel of row in new low temperature, new high temperature image after being substituted to blind element point, and be denoted asCalculate the gray value mean value of new all pixels of low temperature imageThe ash of all pixels of new high temperature image
Angle value mean valueThe row mean value for all pixel gray values in being expert at by substitution blind element point mean value；
(5) the correction coefficient G of j-th of pixel of the i-th row is calculatedj、OjFor
Wherein,To be generated in image j-th of the i-th row after high temperature calibration
The gray value mean value of pixel,For the gray value mean value for generating j-th of pixel of the i-th row in image after low temperature calibration；
All pixels for traversing all row, column, obtain the correction coefficient of each pixel；
(6) it is corrected using the original image that the correction coefficient that step (5) obtain exports infrared camera.
2. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step (1)In step (2)Calculation method be
Wherein,Calibrate to obtain the gray value of the i-th row in M row image data, jth column pixel to carry out low temperature, i=1,
2,3 ..., M, j are positive integer；
Wherein,Calibrate to obtain the gray value of the i-th row in M row image data, jth column pixel to carry out high temperature, i=1,
2,3 ..., M, j are positive integer.
3. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step (1)Calculation method be
Wherein, the initial value of i is P+1, and j is that low temperature is calibrated to obtain pixel row number in M row image data, and N is that low temperature is calibrated to obtain M row
Pixel columns in image data, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N, V '(i-1,j)It calibrates to obtain in M row image data to calculate low temperature
Preceding i-1 row, jth column pixel gray value mean value, V(i,j)It calibrates to obtain the i-th row in M row image data, jth column pixel ash for low temperature
Angle value original value, V '(i,j)To calculate preceding i row in the M row image data that low temperature is calibrated, jth column pixel gray value mean value；
I=i+1, until i=M obtains V '(M,j)As
In the step (2)Calculation method be
Wherein, the initial value of i is P+1, V '(P,j)=V(P,j), j is that high temperature is calibrated to obtain pixel row number in M row image data, and N is height
Temperature calibration obtains pixel columns in M row image data, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N, V '(i-1,j)It calibrates to obtain to calculate high temperature
Preceding i-1 row in M row image data, jth column pixel gray value mean value, V(i,j)It calibrates to obtain i-th in M row image data for high temperature
Row, jth column pixel gray value original value, V '(i,j)Calibrate to obtain preceding i row in M row image data, jth column pixel to calculate high temperature
Gray value mean value；
I=i+1, until i=M obtains V '(M,j)As
4. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: the use Judging the method for blind element point is: whenIt is less than
OrIt is greater thanThen j-th of pixel is blind element point.
5. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: in the step (1), step (2) selection range of M be M >=256.
6. heterogeneity real-time correction method on long wave linear array infrared camera star according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: in the step (1) (2) selection range of P be P >=200.
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| CN107421643B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-10-18 | 沈阳上博智像科技有限公司 | The bearing calibration of infrared image and device |
| CN108426640B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of bearing calibration for infrared detector defect pixel |
| CN110146171B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2021-03-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Method and device for correcting blind pixels of space infrared camera |
| CN111076815B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Hyperspectral image non-uniformity correction method |
| CN111369552B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2023-07-14 | 烟台艾睿光电科技有限公司 | Infrared blind pixel detection method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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