CN106853417A - Centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge shelves vacuum drying method - Google Patents
Centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge shelves vacuum drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106853417A CN106853417A CN201611018600.6A CN201611018600A CN106853417A CN 106853417 A CN106853417 A CN 106853417A CN 201611018600 A CN201611018600 A CN 201611018600A CN 106853417 A CN106853417 A CN 106853417A
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- Prior art keywords
- centrifuge
- shelves
- vacuum drying
- vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
- B04B15/02—Other accessories for centrifuges for cooling, heating, or heat insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
- B04B15/08—Other accessories for centrifuges for ventilating or producing a vacuum in the centrifuge
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to centrifugal process uranium-enrichment technology field, specifically disclose a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge and shelve vacuum drying method, comprise the following steps：(1) vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is calculated；(2) it is vacuum dried.Wherein the step of (2), comprises the following steps：2.1 shelve；2.2 shelve the qualified measurement of vacuum；2.3 heating evacuate centrifuge；2.4 vacuum drying centrifuges are shelved；2.5 centrifuges shelve Temperature fall.The inventive method can be shelved to one to tens centrifuge and is vacuum dried, and significantly reduce drying time, reduce drying cost, improve drying efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to centrifugal process uranium-enrichment technology field, and in particular to one kind centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge shelves vacuum
Drying means.
Background technology
In centrifugal process uranium enrichment Process of Engineering Construction, centrifuge need to be by that could transport after special vacuum drying treatment
OK.Vacuum drying purpose is such as 55-60 DEG C by the hot environment of a period of time, when centrifuge is manufactured inside moisture
Etc. being evaporated, to improve the vacuum and cleannes of centrifuge.In the vacuum drying of centrifugal process uranium enrichment Construction Phase
It is general by many centrifuges shelve in units of be conducted batch-wise, vacuum drying quantity is completed per batch more.Current uranium is dense
The drying that contracting engineering is completed at least is shelved as a vacuum drying batch, one using 384, most 960 centrifuges
Centrifuge is shelved including 20 desk centrifuges.Vacuum drying a large amount of centrifuges are needed to pass through common pipeline using cold with liquid nitrogen
The vavuum pump for freezing container is continuously evacuated, and is built roof insulating in vacuum drying centrifuge periphery and be used to maintain drying temperature.
But when a small number of centrifuges being shelved with (one to tens centrifuge is shelved) being vacuum dried, due to a dress
The desk centrifuge of frame 20 presses criterion of acceptability and calculates the condensate for there was only 0.2g, and seldom, orthobaric volume is the liquid nitrogen of 287L to total water yield
Refrigerated container is that the condensate that cannot pour out 0.2g carries out Weighing, therefore needs to shelve vacuum suitable for a small amount of centrifuge and do
Dry technical method and criterion of acceptability, and the vacuum drying method shelved of minority is had no precedent in uranium enrichment industry at home at present
The precedent and experience of similar work.
The content of the invention
Vacuum drying method is shelved it is an object of the invention to provide one kind centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge, can be to one
Shelved to tens centrifuges and be vacuum dried.
Technical scheme is as follows：
One kind centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is calculated
The Ideal-Gas Equation：
PV=nRT=mRT/M (1)
Setting certain space gas pressure change amount Δ P and mass change amount Δ m meets (2) formula：
Δ PV=Δs mRT/M (2)
I.e.：Δ P=Δs mRT/ (MV)；
Draw vacuum drying criterion of acceptability：Centrifuge shelves pressure measuring value variation delta P less than Δ mRT/ (MV)；
(2) it is vacuum dried
2.1 shelve
2.2 shelve the qualified measurement of vacuum
The change value of pressure with pipeline junction is shelved in freezing measurement, is measured per hour once, and six hours are measured altogether,
If pressure rises above 0.133Pa per hour, vacuum measurement is qualified；If pressure is increased beyond 0.133Pa per hour, manage
There is leak source in road, look for Lou repairing to pressure change it is qualified after carry out step 2.3；
2.3 heating evacuate centrifuge
The 55-60 DEG C of hot water that centrifuge pre-heating system is provided is passed through into centrifuge cooling water pipe to be heated to centrifuge, circulation
The change of water temperature is not more than 3 DEG C/h, and the water vapour in centrifuge and volatile material are taken away by evacuator (6)；
2.4 vacuum drying centrifuges are shelved
After vacuum drying centrifuge shelves (1) M hours, M >=200 close feed and block a group valve (3), per N hours, N >=
4, a reading for thermocouple vacuum gauge (2) is recorded, when closing centrifuge shelves (1) P hours interior, P >=24, this shelves pressure measxurement
Value rises during less than Δ mRT/ (MV), terminates vacuum drying；
2.5 centrifuges shelve Temperature fall
Terminate vacuum drying centrifuge and shelve (1) Temperature fall, after centrifuge shelves (1) Temperature fall, to this portion
Packing frame carries out diaphragm valve oiling, and the fastening of holding wire, power line screw and mopping work.
《Centrifuge shelves factory specification》It is average single in 24 hours that middle specified vacuum dries qualified necessary condition
Desk centrifuge condensate discharge capacity Δ m ＜ 10mg；Molal weight M=18g/mol；Main frame to be vacuum dried is per desk centrifuge volume V
=11L；Gas constant R=8.31451J/molK, T=55 DEG C of vacuum drying temperature=323K；
Data above is substituted into (2) formula, show that a centrifuge shelves pressure variety Δ P satisfaction (3) formulas in 24 hours：
Δ P ＜ 136Pa (3)
It is calculated a centrifuge and shelves the qualified standard of vacuum：One centrifuge of closing is shelved pressure in 24 hours and is surveyed
Value rises less than 136Pa, because the computational methods are based on separate unit centrifuge condensate discharge capacity Δ m ＜ 10mg in 24 hours
Situation, and two neighboring centrifuge shelves vacuum drying treatment same pressure gauge metering pressure, therefore the calculated value
Shelved suitable for two centrifuges, i.e., two centrifuges of closing are shelved pressure measuring value in 24 hours and risen less than 136Pa；
Show that vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is defined as：After drying time up to M hours, M >=200, closing centrifuge shelves 24
This is shelved pressure measuring value and rises less than 136Pa in hour.
By 1mmHg=133Pa, go bail for and keep value Δ P ＜ 133Pa, show that vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is defined as：Drying time
Up to after M hours, M >=200, closing centrifuge shelves in 24 hours this and shelves pressure measuring value and rises less than 133Pa.
In step 2.1, eight centrifuges are shelved into (1) and is divided into four groups, every group of two centrifuges shelve (1) respectively with three
Lead to and connect, the threeway other end is connected with thermocouple vacuum gauge (2), then block a group valve (3) and section feeding pipeline (4) through feed
Connection, four groups of centrifuges are shelved the one end of the section feeding pipeline (4) of (1) with section evacuation pipeline (5) and are connected, and section is taken out
The other end of vacant duct (5) is connected with evacuator (6).
Roof insulating (7) is provided with eight outsides for shelving (1) in centrifuge.
In step 2.2, described freezing is measured as：With the gas in liquid nitrogen frozen pipeline, make condensable gas in pipeline
Pressure does not influence the judgement to seal for pipe joints.
Remarkable result of the invention is：
(1) the inventive method provides 55- without individually setting up Minton dryer using existing centrifuge pre-heating system
60 DEG C of hot water heating centrifuge, group feeding pipeline tail end valve as block valve is blocked by the use of existing, is not yet supplied using existing
The section of material and its a group pipeline evacuator of the connection with vavuum pump is blocked, completed to eight evacuations shelved, significantly reduced
Cost.
(2) present invention using and multiple mounting rather than eight being shelved the method connected together, when can make evacuation each
The pressure for shelving inside is more balanced.
(3) the inventive method is provided with thermocouple vacuum gauge, judges vacuum using the change of pressure qualified, compared to existing skill
The method that art condensate is weighed judges conciser directly perceived.
(4) the inventive method can be shelved to one to tens centrifuge and is vacuum dried, and significantly reduce drying
Time, improve drying efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shelves Minton dryer connection diagram for a small amount of centrifuge.
In figure：1. centrifuge is shelved；2. thermocouple vacuum gauge；3. feed blocks a group valve；4. section feeding pipeline；5. section
Evacuate pipeline；6. evacuator；7. roof insulating.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.
A kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge of the invention shelves vacuum drying method, comprises the following steps：
(1) vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is calculated
The Ideal-Gas Equation：
PV=nRT=mRT/M (1)
Setting certain space gas pressure change amount Δ P and mass change amount Δ m meets (2) formula：
Δ PV=Δs mRT/M (2)
I.e.：Δ P=Δs mRT/ (MV)；
Draw vacuum drying criterion of acceptability：Centrifuge shelves pressure measuring value variation delta P less than Δ mRT/ (MV).
《Centrifuge shelves factory specification》It is average single in 24 hours that middle specified vacuum dries qualified necessary condition
Desk centrifuge condensate discharge capacity Δ m ＜ 10mg；Molal weight M=18g/mol；Main frame to be vacuum dried is per desk centrifuge volume V
=11L；Gas constant R=8.31451J/molK, T=55 DEG C of vacuum drying temperature=323K.
Data above is substituted into (2) formula, show that a centrifuge shelves pressure variety Δ P satisfaction (3) formulas in 24 hours：
Δ P ＜ 136Pa (3)
By 1mmHg=133Pa, go bail for and keep value Δ P ＜ 133Pa, be calculated a centrifuge and shelve the qualified mark of vacuum
It is accurate：One centrifuge of closing is shelved pressure measuring value in 24 hours and is risen less than 133Pa.Because the computational methods are based on separate unit
Situation of the centrifuge condensate discharge capacity less than 10mg/24h, and it is to use same that two neighboring centrifuge shelves vacuum drying treatment
Pressure gauge metering pressure, therefore the calculated value is also applied for two centrifuges and shelves, that is, close two centrifuges and shelve 24 hours
Interior pressure measuring value rises less than 133Pa.
Therefore show that vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is defined as：After drying time up to 200 hours, it is small that closing centrifuge shelves 24
When interior this shelve pressure measuring value and rise less than 133Pa.
(2) so that eight centrifuges are shelved as an example, it is vacuum dried
2.1 shelve
Eight centrifuges are shelved 1 point for four groups, every group of two centrifuges are shelved 1 and are connected with threeway respectively, and threeway is another
One end is connected with thermocouple vacuum gauge 2, and then block group valve 3 through feed is connected with section feeding pipeline 4, and four groups of centrifuges are shelved
One end that 1 section feeding pipeline 4 evacuates pipeline 5 with section connects, and section evacuates the other end and evacuator 6 of pipeline 5
Connection.
2.2 shelve the qualified measurement of vacuum
The change value of pressure with pipeline junction is shelved in freezing measurement, is measured per hour once, and six hours are measured altogether.
If pressure rises above 0.133Pa per hour, vacuum measurement is qualified；If pressure is increased beyond 0.133Pa per hour, manage
There is leak source in road, look for Lou repairing to pressure change it is qualified after carry out step 2.3.
Described freezing is measured as：Liquid nitrogen frozen gas is used, making the pressure of condensable gas in pipeline does not influence close to pipeline
The judgement of envelope property.
2.3 heating evacuate centrifuge
The outside for shelving 1 in eight centrifuges is provided with roof insulating 7, the 55-60 DEG C of hot water that centrifuge pre-heating system is provided
It is passed through centrifuge cooling water pipe to be heated to centrifuge, the change of circulating water temperature is not more than 3 DEG C/h, by evacuator 6 centrifugation
Water vapour and volatile material in machine are taken away.
2.4 vacuum drying centrifuges are shelved
After vacuum drying centrifuge shelves 1M hours, M >=200 close feed and block group valve 3, per N hours, N >=4, note
Reading for thermocouple vacuum gauge 2 of record, when closing centrifuge was shelved in 1P hours, P >=24, it is small that this shelves pressure measuring value rising
When 133Pa, terminate vacuum drying.
2.5 centrifuges shelve Temperature fall
Terminate vacuum drying centrifuge and shelve 1 Temperature fall, after centrifuge shelves 1 Temperature fall, this part is filled
Frame carries out diaphragm valve oiling, and the fastening of holding wire, power line screw and mopping work.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is calculated
The Ideal-Gas Equation：
PV=nRT=mRT/M (1)
Setting certain space gas pressure change amount Δ P and mass change amount Δ m meets (2) formula：
Δ PV=Δs mRT/M (2)
I.e.：Δ P=Δs mRT/ (MV)；
Draw vacuum drying criterion of acceptability：Centrifuge shelves pressure measuring value variation delta P less than Δ mRT/ (MV)；
(2) it is vacuum dried
2.1 shelve
2.2 shelve the qualified measurement of vacuum
The change value of pressure with pipeline junction is shelved in freezing measurement, is measured per hour once, six hours is measured altogether, if often
Hour, pressure rose above 0.133Pa, then vacuum measurement is qualified；If pressure is increased beyond 0.133Pa per hour, in pipeline
There is leak source, look for Lou repairing to pressure change it is qualified after carry out step 2.3；
2.3 heating evacuate centrifuge
The 55-60 DEG C of hot water that centrifuge pre-heating system is provided is passed through into centrifuge cooling water pipe to be heated to centrifuge, circulating water temperature
Change be not more than 3 DEG C/h, the water vapour in centrifuge and volatile material are taken away by evacuator (6)；
2.4 vacuum drying centrifuges are shelved
After vacuum drying centrifuge shelves (1) M hours, M >=200 close feed and block a group valve (3), per N hours, N >=4, note
Reading for thermocouple vacuum gauge (2) of record, when closing centrifuge shelves (1) P hours interior, P >=24, this shelves pressure measuring value
Rise during less than Δ mRT/ (MV), terminate vacuum drying；
2.5 centrifuges shelve Temperature fall
Terminate vacuum drying centrifuge and shelve (1) Temperature fall, after centrifuge shelves (1) Temperature fall, this part is filled
Frame carries out diaphragm valve oiling, and the fastening of holding wire, power line screw and mopping work.
2. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that：《From
Factory specification is shelved in scheming》It is average separate unit centrifuge condensation in 24 hours that middle specified vacuum dries qualified necessary condition
Thing discharge capacity Δ m ＜ 10mg；Molal weight M=18g/mol；Main frame to be vacuum dried is per desk centrifuge volume V=11L；Gas is normal
Number R=8.31451J/molK, T=55 DEG C of vacuum drying temperature=323K；
Data above is substituted into (2) formula, show that a centrifuge shelves pressure variety Δ P satisfaction (3) formulas in 24 hours：
Δ P ＜ 136Pa (3)
It is calculated a centrifuge and shelves the qualified standard of vacuum：One centrifuge of closing shelves pressure measuring value in 24 hours
Rise and be less than 136Pa, because the computational methods are the feelings based on separate unit centrifuge condensate discharge capacity Δ m ＜ 10mg in 24 hours
Condition, and two neighboring centrifuge shelves vacuum drying treatment same pressure gauge metering pressure, therefore the calculated value is also fitted
Shelved for two centrifuges, i.e., two centrifuges of closing are shelved pressure measuring value in 24 hours and risen less than 136Pa；
Show that vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is defined as：After drying time up to M hours, M >=200, closing centrifuge is shelved 24 hours
Interior this is shelved pressure measuring value and is risen less than 136Pa.
3. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge as claimed in claim 2 shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that：By
1mmHg=133Pa, goes bail for and keeps value Δ P ＜ 133Pa, show that vacuum drying criterion of acceptability is defined as：After drying time up to M hours,
M >=200, closing centrifuge shelves in 24 hours this and shelves pressure measuring value and rises less than 133Pa.
4. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that：Step
In 2.1, eight centrifuges are shelved into (1) and is divided into four groups, every group of two centrifuges are shelved (1) and are connected with threeway respectively, threeway
The other end is connected with thermocouple vacuum gauge (2), and then block a group valve (3) through feed connects with section feeding pipeline (4), four groups from
One end that the section feeding pipeline (4) that (1) is shelved in scheming evacuates pipeline (5) with section connects, and section evacuates the another of pipeline (5)
One end connects with evacuator (6).
5. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge as claimed in claim 4 shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that：Eight
The individual outside for shelving (1) in centrifuge is provided with roof insulating (7).
6. a kind of centrifugation cascade a small amount of centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 shelves vacuum drying method, it is characterised in that：Step
In 2.2, described freezing is measured as：With the gas in liquid nitrogen frozen pipeline, making the pressure of condensable gas in pipeline does not influence right
The judgement of seal for pipe joints.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611018600.6A CN106853417B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | Centrifugation cascades a small amount of centrifuges and shelves vacuum drying method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611018600.6A CN106853417B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | Centrifugation cascades a small amount of centrifuges and shelves vacuum drying method |
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| CN106853417B CN106853417B (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5293898A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-08-06 | Toshiba Corp | Control method for centrifugal separating units of uranium |
| CN1280287A (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-01-17 | 北京天利医药设备有限公司 | Method for determining terminial point of vacuum freeze drying process |
| WO2004040214A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-13 | Genevac Ltd | Pressure control in centrifugal evaporators |
| CN1796910A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Pipeline vacuum drying method and device |
| CN101126690A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-20 | 赛默费舍科技股份有限公司 | Method and software for detecting vacuum concentrator ends-of-runs |
| CN101229448A (en) * | 2006-11-18 | 2008-07-30 | 埃佩多夫股份公司 | Vacuum concentrator and method for vacuum concentration |
| CN101634845A (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-01-27 | 泰事达技术有限公司 | Method for monitoring the secondary drying in a freeze-drying process |
| CN201589498U (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-09-22 | 西北核技术研究所 | Radioactive concentrate microwave drying device |
| CN102628639A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-08 | 常州广为仪器科技有限公司 | Vacuum drying device and vacuum drying control method |
| CN105575618A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-05-11 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Vacuum drying and detecting method for transformer body |
-
2016
- 2016-11-18 CN CN201611018600.6A patent/CN106853417B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5293898A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-08-06 | Toshiba Corp | Control method for centrifugal separating units of uranium |
| CN1280287A (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-01-17 | 北京天利医药设备有限公司 | Method for determining terminial point of vacuum freeze drying process |
| WO2004040214A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-13 | Genevac Ltd | Pressure control in centrifugal evaporators |
| CN1796910A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Pipeline vacuum drying method and device |
| CN101126690A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-20 | 赛默费舍科技股份有限公司 | Method and software for detecting vacuum concentrator ends-of-runs |
| CN101229448A (en) * | 2006-11-18 | 2008-07-30 | 埃佩多夫股份公司 | Vacuum concentrator and method for vacuum concentration |
| CN101634845A (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-01-27 | 泰事达技术有限公司 | Method for monitoring the secondary drying in a freeze-drying process |
| CN201589498U (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-09-22 | 西北核技术研究所 | Radioactive concentrate microwave drying device |
| CN102628639A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-08 | 常州广为仪器科技有限公司 | Vacuum drying device and vacuum drying control method |
| CN105575618A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-05-11 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Vacuum drying and detecting method for transformer body |
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| CN106853417B (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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