CN106853411A - Article decomposition method and decomposer - Google Patents
Article decomposition method and decomposer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106853411A CN106853411A CN201611071447.3A CN201611071447A CN106853411A CN 106853411 A CN106853411 A CN 106853411A CN 201611071447 A CN201611071447 A CN 201611071447A CN 106853411 A CN106853411 A CN 106853411A
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- discharge
- article
- substrate
- discharge current
- positive electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of article decomposition method and decomposer, the decomposition of article can be carried out by the electric discharge of certain number of times so that the change of the shape of change and processed material with the electrical conductivity of the liquid in resolution process is corresponding.Setting one kind can change the device structure of at least one party of the distance between positive electrode (4) and earth electrode (5) or discharge voltage, the peak value for monitoring discharge current and at least one party for changing interelectrode distance or discharge voltage, continuous discharge is carried out, makes the peak holding of discharge current certain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind by causing pulse power to be discharged in a liquid, the article to substrate or comprising substrate enters
Article decomposition method and decomposer that row is decomposed.
Background technology
In order to be recycled used household appliances etc., it is necessary to several work.Due to being needed to many in disintegration
Fastened by screw portion and weld part of various form etc. is planted individually to be decomposed, accordingly, it is difficult to automation is realized, mainly by operator
Disintegrated manually.Although manually disintegrating ensure that the flexibility of operation, because operating efficiency is low, therefore, seek one
Plant the method automatically and efficiently disintegrated to varied used household appliances.
Recorded in patent document 1 a kind of by the pottery such as the resting batteries in the reaction vessel for be loaded with liquid, fuse
Porcelain part, computer configuation constituent part, capacitor etc. recycle object product, and are setting multiple electrodes rod in a liquid and holding
The method for producing pulsed discharge to destroy plastics external packing etc. between device substrate.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the structure for representing the existing article decomposer shown in patent document 1.Device 101 is comprising for receiving
Hold container 102 recycling material, filling liquid.Shown container 102 has for example in particularly simple embodiment
The container body 103 being made up of stainless steel, container body 103 is comprising lid side (upside) flange and bottom side (downside) flange and holds
Device lid 104a and container substrate 104b.Three electrodes 105 preferably mutually equidistantly insert container cover 104a or and container cover
104a integrations.Electrode 105 has the extension of vertical direction, the cylindrical wall i.e. with container body 103 substantial parallel
Extension.Container cover 104a and container substrate 104b passes through dispersed around multiple connecting portions and container body
103 corresponding flange connection.Capacitor 107 is charged via resistor 109 by charger 108.Electrode 105 via with ground connection
Or the high voltage opening and closing device 106a and safe opening and closing device cutter 106b of ground potential connection are connected with capacitor 107.Pass through
Capacitor 107 is connected generation pulsed discharge with electrode 105, and the recycling object product imported in liquid medium pass through pulsed discharge quilt
Decompose.Now, apply multiple high voltage pulse with predetermined time interval in the number of repetition of regulation (hreinafter referred to as to connect
Continuous electric discharge), decomposed.
Prior art literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2014-532548 publications
The content of the invention
But, when being processed by continuous discharge, due to carrying out resolution process under certain discharging condition, because
This, because of the change and the change of processed material shape of the electrical conductivity of the surrounding liquid with treatment, is applied on recycling object product
Energy can be different with continuous discharge before the continuous discharge, undecomposed, excessive decomposition occurs in processed material after treatment
Situation.
The present invention is the invention for solving above-mentioned existing problem, its provide it is a kind of can with resolution process in liquid
The corresponding mode of change of shape of change and processed material of electrical conductivity the decomposition of article is carried out by the electric discharge of certain number of times
Article decomposition method and decomposer.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the article decomposition method of an aspect of of the present present invention is a kind of many by carrying out in a liquid
Secondary electric discharge, the article decomposition method that the article to substrate or comprising substrate is decomposed, it has following feature.
That is, with the container for keeping liquid, there is positive electrode and earth electrode in the liquid in container, and in liquid
In the region propagated of positive electrode and the discharge path between earth electrode or the shock wave that is produced by electric discharge in be provided with
In the state of substrate or the article comprising substrate, the peak value of the discharge current for flowing through discharge path during to electric discharge is measured,
And discharging condition is controlled so that the peak value of the discharge current for measuring is certain.
The article decomposer of another aspect of the present invention be it is a kind of by carrying out multiple discharge in a liquid to substrate or
The article decomposer that article of the person comprising substrate is decomposed, it has following characteristics.
That is, possess：Keep the container of liquid；In container, configuration positive electrode and earth electrode in a liquid；Pulse electricity
Source, it applies high voltage pulse between positive electrode and earth electrode；Ammeter, flows through positive electrode with ground connection electricity when it is to electric discharge
Discharge current between pole is measured.It is also equipped with the electric discharge being adjusted to the discharging condition between positive electrode and earth electrode
Condition adjusting apparatus and control unit.For example possesses the electrode of the distance between change positive electrode and earth electrode (interelectrode distance)
Between distance adjusting mechanism or adjustment discharge voltage discharge voltage adjustment mechanism at least one party, control unit is controlled, makes
The peak value of discharge current must be measured by with ammeter and with interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism or discharge voltage adjustment mechanism
At least one party of above-mentioned interelectrode distance or discharge voltage is adjusted, so that the peak holding of discharge current is certain.
As described above, the aspect of the invention according to the disclosure, can carry out article by the electric discharge of certain number of times
Decompose so that the change of the shape of change and processed material with the electrical conductivity of the liquid in resolution process is corresponding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram of the article decomposer for being discharged using pulse power in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is to make discharge current by the distance between change sparking electrode in the article decomposition discharged using pulse power
The certain process chart of peak value.
Fig. 3 is to make maximum discharge current certain by changing discharge voltage in the article decomposition discharged using pulse power
Process chart.
Fig. 4 is to represent part when being changed to maximum discharge current from the separation of substrate and point result appraisal of substrate
The figure of result.
Fig. 5 is to represent the decomposition of resin shell when being changed to maximum discharge current and discharge time, part from substrate
Separation and substrate decomposition evaluation result figure.
Fig. 6 is the influence to maximum discharge current for representing voltage and interelectrode distance generation in pulse power electric discharge
Figure.
Fig. 7 is to represent separation, the decomposition of resin shell, tree of part when being changed to the width of discharge current from substrate
The figure of the evaluation result of the excessive decomposition of fat shell.
Fig. 8 is the skeleton diagram with article movement maintaining body, the article decomposer discharged using pulse power.
Fig. 9 is the skeleton diagram of the article decomposer of existing use pulse power electric discharge.
Label declaration
1 article decomposer
2 liquid
3 containers
4 positive electrodes
5 earth electrodes
6 pulse powers
7 ammeters
8 interelectrode distance adjustment mechanisms
9 articles
10 control units
11 article decomposers
12 articles move maintaining body
101 devices
102 containers
103 container bodies
104a container covers
104b container substrates
105 electrodes
106a high voltage opening and closing devices
The safe opening and closing device cutters of 106b
107 capacitors
108 chargers
109 resistors
Specific embodiment
The article decomposer and decomposition method of one embodiment of the present invention, produce between standing electrode in a liquid
Pulsed discharge, the decomposition of article is carried out using electric discharge or by the shock wave for inducing that discharges.
Hereinafter, the mode referring to the drawings to the implementation of embodiments of the present invention is illustrated.
(first embodiment)
Fig. 1 represents a form of the article decomposer of first embodiment of the invention.
Between article decomposer 1 possesses and maintains (such as filling water) container 3 of liquid 2, is spaced from each other in liquid 2
Every oppositely disposed positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5, the pulse power 6 to the applying high voltage pulse of positive electrode 4, to discharge current
The interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 for being measured the ammeter 7 of (measurement) and at least making positive electrode 4 vertically move.Connect
Ground electrode 5 is grounded.Interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 has the function as of discharging condition adjusting apparatus.
Article 9 is the object of resolution process, is maintained in the liquid 2 between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5.In Fig. 1
It is to be positioned on earth electrode 5, it is also possible to bearing unit being supported by way of not connecting with positive electrode 4 or earth electrode 5.
Control unit 10 is connected with the pulse power 6, ammeter 7, interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8.The coordination electrode of control unit 10
Between the distance between distance adjusting mechanism 8 adjustment positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 (interelectrode distance).
The pulse power 6 can apply arbitrary voltage.Used as one, the pulse power 6 can be sent out using Marx (Marx)
Raw device.Electric discharge is produced between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5.Then, it is maintained at the article between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5
9 are decomposed by electric discharge or by the shock wave that electric discharge induces.
The shape of shape and earth electrode 5 on positive electrode 4, in Fig. 1, cone is set to by the front end of positive electrode 4,
It is tabular by the example of earth electrode 5, but as long as due to triggering electric discharge then to be decomposed, therefore, shape with reference to article 9,
Or as the shape of target after material or decomposition, it is possible to use variform.Earth electrode 5 for example in addition to tabular,
Netted, trellis, vortex-like etc. can be set to.
In addition, positive electrode 4 and the position of earth electrode 5 be in Fig. 1 to clamp article 9 in the way of be arranged oppositely, but
As long as respectively at least one, and minimum distance between the positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 is smaller than 100mm then can be in liquid
In cause electric discharge, therefore the position of electrode to have no relations.For example, it is also possible to positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 are arranged on into article 9
Top.In addition, positive electrode 4 and the respective quantity of earth electrode 5 can also be that one side or both there are multiple.In addition, by
Do not have in the aspect effect for occurring hardly by positive electrode 4 and the respective front end of earth electrode 5 of electric discharge, therefore these directions yet
There is relation.
As long as due to article 9 relative to the position of positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 be present in positive electrode 4 in liquid with
Decomposed by the region that the shock wave produced on discharge path between earth electrode 5 or because of electric discharge is propagated,
Therefore, article 9 must not necessarily contacted with positive electrode 4 or earth electrode 5, or be present in positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 it
Between.
Interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 is the machine that can make positive electrode 4 and the mobile change of the distance between earth electrode 5
Structure.In Fig. 1, as interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8, illustrate the height that can change positive electrode 4 mechanism, or
Change the mechanism of the height of earth electrode 5.The size or electric discharge bar of the article 9 of process object are additionally depended on due to displacement
Part, it is thus impossible to entirely determine, as one of shift motion, in order to the big amplitude variation of the electrical conductivity of liquid 2 can also be corresponded to
Change, be formed to be moved to the upper limit i.e. structure of 100mm that can produce pulsed discharge in a liquid in this device structure.
In addition, as one of mobile accuracy, in order to follow electronic unit from strippable substrate when the electrode and processed material that produce it
Between distance change, be set to thickness i.e. below the 1mm of electronic unit.
As the article 9 for decomposing object, it is not particularly limited, in order that the effect of the shock wave of electric discharge generation is equal on the whole
Even, preferably slim article.For example, can enumerate：The electronic products such as portable phone, game machine or flat panel TV, electronics base
Plate or solar cell etc..By the structure of the decomposer of above-mentioned article 9, can combine the electrical conductivity of liquid 2 change and
Article 9 is adjusted with the discharge current measured by ammeter 7 with the change in shape decomposed as certain mode.
By rushing for being produced on the discharge path between positive electrode 4 in a liquid and earth electrode 5 or because of electric discharge
Setting substrate or the article comprising substrate 9 in the region that ripple is propagated is hit, and from the multiple discharge of positive electrode 4, so as to article 9
Decomposed.Fig. 2 is represented：The distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 are changed, so that the now peak of discharge current
Value with the part that can not destroy on substrate from substrate or the Knock-Down Component of the article comprising substrate 9 prescribed limit value into
It is certain operation.Additionally, flowing through the maximum of electric current when the peak value of discharge current is discharging action.According to condition, electric current is most
Big value can also remove noise contribution and be set.Thing of the part that can not be destroyed on the substrate ground from substrate or comprising substrate
The peak value of the discharge current of the Knock-Down Component of product 9 is as described later in detail.
Above-mentioned operation is made up of following seven steps：Positive electrode 4 or the position of earth electrode 5 is set to move to initial position
Step S001；The time i.e. width of discharge current for returning to zero potential is increased to from any discharge voltage and discharge current
The step of (hreinafter referred to as pulsewidth) is discharged S002；Discharge time after control unit 10 judges above-mentioned steps S002
Aggregate value S003 the step of whether reach discharge target number of times set in advance；Above-mentioned steps S002 is judged by control unit 10
Electric discharge maximum discharge current whether the step S004 in prescribed limit；Judge above-mentioned steps S002's by control unit 10
The step of whether maximum discharge current of electric discharge is less than setting S005；Maximum discharge current is being less than in above-mentioned steps S005
The step of making interelectrode distance narrow by interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 under the control of control unit 10 during setting S006；
And pass through electrode spacing under the control of control unit 10 when maximum discharge current is not less than setting in above-mentioned steps S005
The step of with a distance from between the expansion electrode of adjustment mechanism 8 S007.
First, in step S001, positive electrode 4 or the position of earth electrode 5 is made to move to initial position.Move electrode
Initial position discharge current peak value no more than setting and cause electric discharge in the range of.
Next, in step S002, zero potential is returned to from arbitrary discharge voltage and being increased to for discharge current
Time is width (hreinafter referred to as pulsewidth) electric discharge of discharge current.Preferably, the voltage and pulsewidth of electric discharge are preferably based on place
Manage the material or hardness or the advance condition found out of decomposing state and discharge time as target of thing.Especially with regard to preferred
Pulsewidth, details is as described later.
Next, in step S003, the aggregate value of the discharge time after control unit 10 judges above-mentioned steps S002
Whether set in advance discharge target number of times is reached.If the aggregate value for being judged to discharge time by control unit 10 reaches in advance
The discharge target number of times of setting, then terminate treatment.If the aggregate value for being judged to discharge time by control unit 10 is not reaching to
Discharge target number of times set in advance, then into step S004.On arbitrary discharge target number of times, if number of times is less, base
Plate or the article comprising substrate 9 are not decomposed fully, if conversely, number of times is more, substrate or the meeting of the article comprising substrate 9
Tiny dust etc. is produced, it is necessary to purification of liquid etc. is processed, so, preferably suitable discharge time is found out in advance in advance.
In step S004, judge whether the maximum discharge current of the electric discharge of above-mentioned steps S002 is less than by control unit 10
Setting, i.e., whether in prescribed limit.Feelings of the maximum discharge current not in prescribed limit are being judged to by control unit 10
Under condition, into step S005.In the case where being judged to maximum discharge current in prescribed limit by control unit 10, return to
Step S002.
In step S005, judge whether maximum discharge current is less than setting by control unit 10, i.e., whether in regulation
In the range of.In the case where being judged to maximum discharge current in prescribed limit by control unit 10, into step S006.Logical
Cross control unit 10 and be judged to maximum discharge current not in the case of prescribed limit, into step S007.
In step S006, positive electrode 4 is made with ground connection by interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 under the control of control unit 10
Distance between electrode 5 narrows.Approached with earth electrode 5 by making positive electrode 4, because the resistance between discharge current declines, therefore,
Maximum discharge current is improved, and the possibility discharged next time in prescribed limit is improved.
After step S006, step S002 is again returned to, implement electric discharge.Additionally, the measure of the peak value of discharge current
The electric current for the part that circuit is flowed through in addition between sparking electrode can also be determined, for example flowed through between earth electrode and GND
Electric current of distribution etc..
On the other hand, in step S005, it is being judged to that maximum discharge current is not less than setting and (does not have by control unit 10
Have in prescribed limit) in the case of, if due to by before step S005 implement the step of S004 judgement based on, put
Electric current peak is higher than setting, therefore, in order that maximum discharge current reduction, in step S007, in the control of control unit 10
System is lower to be extended by interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8 to interelectrode distance.Due to by distance between expansion electrode, between electrode
Resistance improve, the peak value therefore, it is possible to make discharge current reduces.After above-mentioned steps S007, electric discharge step is again returned to
Rapid S002 is discharged.
Processed by as the Fig. 2, maximum discharge current can be made to keep certain in prescribed limit.
At least possess positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 in a liquid, on interelectrode discharge path in a liquid or because
Electric discharge and in the region propagated of shock wave that produces, by substrate or article comprising substrate set in a liquid, by from
Electrode carries out multiple discharge, and article 9 is decomposed.Fig. 3 is represented：Discharge voltage is changed by the pulse power 6 now,
So that the certain operation in prescribed limit of the peak value of discharge current.Here, the pulse power 6 has to be adjusted as discharging condition filling
One, the function of such as discharge voltage adjustment mechanism put.
The process content of the step of due to from step S001 to step S005 is identical with Fig. 2, therefore, omit specifically
It is bright.In step S005, in the case where being judged to maximum discharge current less than setting (in prescribed limit) by control unit 10,
Implement the step of voltage is improved by the pulse power 6 under the control of control unit 10 S008.By improving voltage, even identical
Electric current of interelectrode distance when can also increase electric discharge, improve maximum discharge current.After step S008, it is again carried out putting
The step S002 of electricity.
In step S005, it is being judged to that maximum discharge current is not less than setting by control unit 10 (in prescribed limit)
In the case of, in order that maximum discharge current reduction, is dropped under the control of control unit 10 in step S009 by the pulse power 6
Low-voltage.Thereafter, the step of being again carried out electric discharge S002.So, by carrying out the treatment of Fig. 3, maximum discharge current can be made
Kept in prescribed limit certain.
Next, to illustrating the maximum discharge current that part from substrate separate with can not making substrate crushing.
For the substrate of part by welded and installed, using the article decomposer shown in Fig. 1 resolution process has been carried out
Experiment.
The manufacturing conditions to article 9 are described below.
As manufacturing conditions, on substrate, as part, 16 pins of the IC elements of 16 pins are all welded on base
On plate, the substrate that weld strength is 1kgf/ is used.The height of the element after installation now is set to 5mm.Under this condition,
5 IC elements are mounted with one substrate.
As one, in the device shown in Fig. 1, discharge voltage 250kV, pulse frequency 1Hz, pulse number 10 times bar
Discharged under part, article 9 is decomposed.Make discharge current peak by changing the distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5
Value is remained necessarily with the arbitrary value between from 7kA to 34kA.Article 9 is located in the state of being positioned on earth electrode 5
Reason.
The evaluation of above-mentioned decompositional treatment test is two viewpoints of decomposition of separation from IC elements from substrate and substrate to examination
Each article after testing is evaluated.Fig. 4 be by the experiment, when being changed to maximum discharge current to IC elements from base
The separation of plate and the evaluation result of the decomposition of substrate.In fig. 4, IC elements are complete by 5 IC elements after electric discharge from the decomposition of substrate
The situation that portion from substrate separate is labeled as "○", will be labeled as "×" without separate situation.In addition, the decomposition on substrate,
Substrate is not resolved into the situation of more than two fragments labeled as "○", the situation mark of more than two fragments will be resolved into
It is designated as "×".Further, since article 9 can be decomposed in decompositional treatment test, therefore, according to 1~9 each experiment bar
Part, uses the article 9 made under identical conditions one by one, adds up in above-mentioned decompositional treatment test and has used 9 articles.
As can be seen from Figure 4, when maximum discharge current is more than 10kA below 30kA, substrate decomposition can not be made part is made
Separated from substrate.
Next, according to the article comprising substrate, the article of the substrate for being welded with part is for example fixed with resin shell,
To being illustrated from the maximum discharge current of substrate separating component with can not decomposing substrate.
For the article comprising substrate, decompositional treatment test is carried out using the article decomposer shown in Fig. 1.
The following manufacturing conditions to article 9 are described.
As manufacturing conditions, with 2 two kinds of sample makings of following samples 1 and sample.In sample 1, in 50 × 100 × t30mm
Size ABS resin shell in be screwed setting substrate, there is provided the lid of the ABS shells of substrate is consolidated by the screw at 4
It is fixed to fix.Substrate is used and is all welded on substrate 16 pins of the IC elements of 16 pins as part, weld strength
It is the substrate of 1kgf/.Now, the height of the element after installation is 5mm.Under this condition, 5 are mounted with one substrate
IC elements.
Sample 2 be screwed in the ABS resin shell of the size of 50 × 100 × t30mm setting with above-mentioned sample 1 in
The substrate identical substrate for using, there is provided the lid of the ABS shells of substrate is by being fitted and fixed with.
By the device shown in Fig. 1, electric discharge point is carried out under discharge voltage 250kV, pulse frequency 1Hz to above-mentioned processed material
Solution.Maximum discharge current is by changing the distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 with any in the range of from 8kA to 34kA
Value is remained necessarily.Article 9 is processed in the state of being positioned on earth electrode 5.
Pulse number is implemented for 30 times and 50 two kinds of resolution process.Experiment condition 1~7 is the bar of pulse number 30 times
Part, experiment condition 8~14 is the condition of pulse number 50 times, is tested under the conditions of being aggregated in 14 kinds.
In each condition, with the carrying out of the resolution process of article 9, cause resin shell simultaneously successively or according to condition
Decompose, part is from the separation of substrate and the decomposition of substrate.
The evaluation of above-mentioned decompositional treatment test is from the decomposition of resin shell, IC elements from the decomposition of substrate and the decomposition of substrate
Three viewpoints are evaluated each article after experiment.Resin when Fig. 5 is to change maximum discharge current and discharge time
The evaluation result of the decomposition of shell and IC elements from the decomposition of the separation and substrate of substrate.
Decomposition on resin shell, is labeled as "○", by without separate feelings by the situation that the lid of resin shell from shell separate
Condition is labeled as "×".Be labeled as the situation that 5 IC elements all from substrate separate after discharge from the separation of substrate by IC elements
"○", will be labeled as "×" without separate situation.In the case where resin shell is not decomposed, the lid of above-mentioned ABS shells is pulled down, really
Recognize the state of internal base plate and evaluated.
In addition, the decomposition on substrate, substrate is not resolved into the situation of more than two fragments labeled as "○", will
The situation for resolving into more than two fragments is labeled as "×".In the case where resin shell is not decomposed, above-mentioned ABS shells are pulled down
Lid, confirms the state of internal base plate and is evaluated.
Further, since article 9 has been decomposed by decompositional treatment test, therefore, according to 1~14 each experiment condition,
Use the sample 1 and sample 2 made under identical conditions one by one respectively, add up in above-mentioned decompositional treatment test and used 28
Article.
As can be seen from Figure 5, in the destruction of resin shell, do not influenceed by maximum discharge current, such as increased pulse number, then do not had
The resin shell for having decomposition can also be decomposed.On the other hand understand, if maximum discharge current is more than 10kA below 30kA, can
IC is separated from substrate with not decomposing substrate.
Next, being illustrated to the influence to maximum discharge current that interelectrode distance and discharge voltage are produced.
Influence is verified using the article decomposer shown in Fig. 1.But, it is in the state in the absence of article 9
Under verified.
Liquid 2 uses running water, and maximum discharge current during to electric discharge is measured.
Distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 is set to 10,20,30mm.
Discharge voltage is set to 100,230,350kV.
Result is represented in Fig. 6.Fig. 6 is to represent that in pulse power electric discharge voltage and interelectrode distance produce to electric discharge electricity
The chart of the influence of stream peak value.Knowable to the figure, can be controlled by the distance and discharge voltage between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5
Maximum discharge current processed.Maximum discharge current can be made if distance between expansion electrode to be reduced, if conversely, becoming interelectrode distance
It is narrow, then can improve maximum discharge current.If in addition, raising discharge voltage, can improve maximum discharge current, phase
Instead, if declining discharge voltage, can reduce maximum discharge current.
Numerical expression for controlling discharge current maximum can be obtained by following such flows.
First, on Fig. 6 in 3 line segments, it is approximate on the straight line by origin respectively, write out maximum discharge current
(Imax) with the relational expression of discharge voltage (E), (1) formula is obtained.
Imax=a × E (1)
Wherein, a is the slope of the near linear obtained according to each interelectrode distance, and according to the presence or absence of article 9 and is planted
Class and change.
If next, slope a is approximate on quadratic function with the relation of interelectrode distance (x), can obtain following
Constant b, c, d of numerical expression (2).By approximate on quadratic function, can be more approximate than straight line more accurately approximate, meanwhile, it is capable to
It is more simply more approximate than other functions.
A=bx2+cx+d (2)
In order to obtain maximum discharge current (Imax), following numerical expressions (3) can be obtained according to numerical expression (1), (2).
Imax=(bx2+cx+d)×E (3)
Data according to Fig. 7, if the unit of Imax is set into kA, kV are set to by the unit of voltage, by between electrode
The unit of distance is set to mm, then constant b, c, d is following values.
B=-1.64 × 10-5
C=2.90 × 10-4
D=4.75 × 10-2
When continuous discharge carries out the resolution process of article, constant b, c, d of formula (3) are obtained by above-mentioned flow, passed through
At least one party of interelectrode distance or discharge voltage is fed back to, maximum discharge current can be remained necessarily.
Wherein, b, c, d be constant, due to according to article 9 with the change of the shape of resolution process or the electrical conductivity of liquid
Change and change, it is therefore preferable that by multiple, preferably derive numerical expression by each electric discharge and to interelectrode distance or put
At least one party of piezoelectric voltage provides feedback, so that maximum discharge current is remained necessarily.
Next, in order to the article comprising substrate, for example be fixed with the thing of the substrate for being welded with part in resin shell
Product are decomposed, and preferred pulsewidth is illustrated.
Decompositional treatment test has been carried out using the article decomposer shown in Fig. 1 to the article comprising substrate.Resolution process
The evaluation of experiment from the width to discharge current change when resin shell separation, resin shell from substrate of decomposition, part
These three viewpoints of excessive decomposition each article after experiment is evaluated.
As article 9, the sample 2 used in the decompositional treatment test shown in Fig. 5 is used.It is detailed due to manufacturing conditions
Therefore situation it is stated that, omit the explanation again to it.Sample 2 is entered for 30 times with pulse number by the device shown in Fig. 1
Row electric discharge is decomposed.The distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 are set to 25mm.Processed material is in the shape being positioned on earth electrode 5
Processed under state.By while discharge voltage is changed into 150kV~350kV, to the capacitor of the circuit of the device of Fig. 1
Quantity and the overall impedance of capacity, discharge circuit changed so that, discharge current maximum keeps certain and leads to 23kA
Crossing only change pulsewidth carries out resolution process.
The evaluation of above-mentioned decompositional treatment test from the decomposition of resin shell, IC elements from the separation of substrate, resin shell it is excessive
These three viewpoints are decomposed to evaluate each article after experiment.Fig. 7 is portion when representing the width to changing discharge current
Figure of the part from the evaluation result of the excessive decomposition of the separation, the decomposition of resin shell and resin shell of substrate.
If on the basis of the excessive decomposition of resin shell is the separation of resin material after disassembly, should not preferably draw
Rise.
For the decomposition of resin shell, the situation that the lid of resin shell from shell separate is labeled as "○", by without separate feelings
Condition is labeled as "×".Be labeled as the situation that 5 IC elements after discharge all from substrate separate from the separation of substrate by IC elements
"○", will be labeled as "×" without separate situation.For the excessive decomposition of resin shell, resin shell is not resolved into two with
On fragment situation be labeled as "○", will resolve into more than two fragments situation be labeled as "×".Cover from resin shell
Separation is not included in the excessive decomposition of resin shell.
Further, since article 9 can be decomposed in experiment, therefore, experiment condition 1~6 time adds up to and has used 6 articles 9.
As can be seen from Figure 7, even if maximum discharge current is certain, if the width of the waveform of discharge current is for below 0.8 μ s
The decomposition of resin shell is also hardly carried out.In addition, understanding, if the width of the waveform of discharge current is more than 12 μ s, can draw
Play the excessive decomposition of resin shell.And understand, if the width of the waveform of discharge current is more than 1 μ s and the bar of below 9 μ s
Part, then resin shell can be decomposed, and prevent the excessive decomposition of resin shell.
As described above, according to first embodiment, article of the electric discharge to substrate or comprising substrate in by liquid 2
9 when being decomposed, can be with corresponding with the change of the shape of the change and processed material of the electrical conductivity of the liquid 2 in resolution process
Mode carries out the decomposition of article 9 by the electric discharge of certain number of times.Even if further, since to various shapes or material
Substrate or in the case that the article 9 comprising substrate decomposed, it is also possible in the shape and the bar of material that are adapted to processed material
Decomposed under part, therefore, it is possible to carry out the decomposition of article 9 by the electric discharge of certain number of times.
(second embodiment)
The article decomposer 11 of Fig. 8 of second embodiment addition of article movement maintaining body on the device of Fig. 1
12。
Article movement maintaining body 12 has for untreated article 9 to be moved to the place decomposed by electric discharge
Conveying function.Thereby, it is possible on the basis of above-mentioned action effect, the continuous conveying of article 9 extremely be decomposed by electric discharge
Place, can carry out continuous resolution process.In addition, article movement maintaining body 12 can be with respect to positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5
Article 9 is kept in specific position.Now, article movement maintaining body 12 can directly keep article 9, it is also possible to be moved with article
Dynamic maintaining body 12 is come the keeper or container of holding article 9.Between control unit 10 and the pulse power 6, ammeter 7, electrode
Distance adjusting mechanism 8 and article movement maintaining body 12 are connected.Control unit 10 is controlled to interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism 8,
And the data based on the distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5, the distance between positive electrode 4 and earth electrode 5 are adjusted
It is whole.
Additionally, by arbitrary implementation method or variation in the appropriately combined numerous embodiments or variation,
The effect wherein having can respectively be realized.In addition, the combination between combination or the embodiment between implementation method can be carried out
Or the combination of implementation method and embodiment, while, additionally it is possible to carry out the group between the feature in different embodiments or embodiment
Close.
Industrial applicability
The decomposition method and decomposer of the substrate of aspect of the invention or the article comprising substrate, no matter in treatment
The change of the electrical conductivity of liquid and the change of the shape of processed material, can keep the decomposing state after treatment and collapse state
Necessarily, the thing of the small information household electrical appliances such as the portable phone or game machine that can be suitable as the purpose of recycling or electric substrate
Product decomposition method and decomposer are used.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of article decomposition method, is carried out by carrying out article of the multiple discharge to substrate or comprising the substrate in a liquid
Decompose,
In the container with the holding liquid, there is positive electrode and earth electrode in the liquid in the container, and
The discharge path between the positive electrode and the earth electrode in the liquid or the shock wave institute by generation of discharging
It is provided with the state of the substrate or the article comprising the substrate in the region of propagation,
The peak value of the discharge current that the discharge path is flowed through in electric discharge is measured,
Control discharging condition causes that the peak value of the measured discharge current is certain.
2. article decomposition method according to claim 1, the peak of the discharge current is caused in the control discharging condition
The timing of value one, as the discharging condition, makes the distance between the positive electrode and described earth electrode or discharge voltage extremely
Few side change, so that the peak value of the discharge current is certain.
3. article decomposition method according to claim 1 and 2, the discharge current is caused the discharging condition is controlled
The timing of the peak value one, controls the discharging condition to cause the peak value of the discharge current in more than 10kA and below 30kA
In the range of it is certain.
4. the article decomposition method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, described putting is caused the discharging condition is controlled
The timing of the peak value one of electric current, the width of the waveform of the discharge current is set to more than 1 μ s and below 9 μ s.
5. a kind of article decomposer, is carried out by carrying out article of the multiple discharge to substrate or comprising the substrate in a liquid
Decompose, the article decomposer possesses：
Keep the container of the liquid；
In the container, positive electrode and earth electrode that configuration is in the liquid；
Apply the pulse power of high voltage pulse between the positive electrode and the earth electrode；
To flowing through the ammeter that the discharge current between the positive electrode and the earth electrode is measured in electric discharge；
The interelectrode distance adjustment mechanism that is changed to the interelectrode distance between the positive electrode and the earth electrode or
At least one party of the discharge voltage adjustment mechanism that person is adjusted to discharge voltage；With
Control unit, it is controlled so that by with the ammeter measuring the peak value of the discharge current and using the electricity
Anode-cathode distance adjustment mechanism or the discharge voltage adjustment mechanism adjust the interelectrode distance or the discharge voltage
At least one party, so that the peak holding of the discharge current is certain.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2015-239598 | 2015-12-08 | ||
| JP2015239598A JP6404808B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2015-12-08 | Method for disassembling articles |
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| CN106853411B CN106853411B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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| EP (1) | EP3178562B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6404808B2 (en) |
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| CN115193893A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-18 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Electric pulse decomposition method, composite material, and composite material decomposition method |
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| JP6857363B2 (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2021-04-14 | 学校法人早稲田大学 | Electric pulse dismantling method |
| KR20240136364A (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2024-09-13 | 각코호진 와세다다이가쿠 | Method for reducing the adhesive strength of an adhesive layer |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3178562B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
| JP2017104796A (en) | 2017-06-15 |
| JP6404808B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
| CN106853411B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
| EP3178562A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
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