CN106850497A - A kind of method of coherent-light OFDM communication system cascade compensation - Google Patents
A kind of method of coherent-light OFDM communication system cascade compensation Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of coherent-light OFDM communication system cascade compensation, the transmitting terminal in coherent-light OFDM communication system first designs pilot sub-carrier allocative decision;The laser phase noise of the transmitting terminal is compensated using phase conjugation pilot aided method in the receiving terminal of coherent-light OFDM communication system;The IQ amplitudes and the unbalance in phase factor of the transmitting terminal are further estimated using frequency domain second order algorithm for estimating in the receiving terminal;The IQ for further eliminating the transmitting terminal mismatches the system performance degradation for causing, and the signal to noise ratio of signal is received to be lifted.The method can solve the problem that the influence that laser phase noise is demodulated to signal in relevant optical OFDM system, estimates and compensate for transmitting terminal IQ unbalance factors, improve Transmission system performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication systems, in particular to a method for cascade compensation in a coherent optical OFDM communication system.
Background
At present, coherent detection becomes the first choice of a high-speed long-distance optical transmission system, single carrier 100G coherent reception is already put into commercial use, and a coherent optical OFDM communication technology is a powerful alternative for a future 400G and 1T optical transmission system. OFDM technology has high tolerance to fiber Chromatic Dispersion (CD) and Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), and is easily combined with high-order modulation formats (e.g., m-QAM and m-PSK) to achieve high spectral efficiency. However, coherent detection is particularly sensitive to phase noise caused by laser line width, and especially, the OFDM signal has a long symbol period, and the phase noise will seriously affect and deteriorate system performance, so strict digital domain tracking, estimation and compensation are required at the receiving end of coherent detection.
Meanwhile, due to the inherent characteristics of signal modulation and demodulation of coherent optical communication, the I path signal and the Q path signal are strictly required to be orthogonal to each other theoretically, and the amplitudes of the two paths are required to be equal. In practical applications, however, the mismatch of the bias points of the IQ modulators, the mismatch of the I/Q two-way cables, the non-ideal 90 ° optical mixer, the difference of the responsivity of the photodiodes, etc. all cause the mismatch of the amplitude and phase of the received signals. The phase and amplitude mismatch of the modulation signal is called IQ imbalance, and the IQ imbalance includes a transmitting IQ imbalance and a receiving IQ imbalance, and the performance of the system is seriously affected by the IQ imbalance of the transmitting end or the receiving end.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cascade compensation in a coherent light OFDM communication system, which solves the problem that the phase noise of a laser in the coherent light OFDM system affects signal demodulation, estimates and compensates an IQ imbalance factor of a transmitting end, and improves the transmission performance of the system.
A method of cascade compensation in a coherent optical OFDM communication system, the method comprising:
step 1, designing a pilot frequency subcarrier distribution scheme at a transmitting end of a coherent light OFDM communication system;
step 2, compensating the laser phase noise of the transmitting end by adopting a phase conjugate pilot frequency auxiliary method at the receiving end of the coherent light OFDM communication system;
step 3, estimating IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors of the transmitting end at the receiving end by further adopting a frequency domain second-order estimation algorithm;
and step 4, further eliminating system performance deterioration caused by IQ mismatching of the transmitting end so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.
In the step 1:
the designed pilot subcarrier allocation scheme comprises: local subcarrier allocation and interleaved subcarrier allocation.
In the step 2, the process of compensating the laser phase noise at the transmitting end by using the phase conjugate pilot frequency aided method specifically includes:
multiplying each pilot subcarrier by a phase quantityφmIs the common phase error caused by the laser linewidth;
the expression of the estimated value of the public phase error obtained by using the conjugate pilot frequency sequence designed by the transmitting end is as follows:
wherein arg (·) represents the phase of the pilot sequence after multiplication,is the common phase error value estimated by the pilot frequency sequence;
then multiplying the signal sub-carrier of the coherent optical OFDM communication systemThereby removing the effect of laser phase noise.
In step 3, the estimated IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factor expression of the transmitting end is:
wherein, and Δ φ respectively represent IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors of the transmitting end;
c is a known constant, NPFor the number of pilot frequency sub-carriers, I and Q represent two paths of signals at the transmitting end of the coherent optical communication system, rIAnd rQAnd the signals of the I path and the Q path of the receiving end are shown.
In the step 4, the process of eliminating system performance degradation caused by IQ mismatch at the transmitting end specifically includes:
suppose that the I path and the Q path of a coherent optical communication system transmitting end signal are S respectivelyIAnd SQAnd if the I/Q two paths of amplitude and phase imbalance and delta phi of the transmitting end exist, the signal expression of the receiving end is obtained as follows:
the final compensated signal expression is
Wherein,
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method solves the influence of laser phase noise on signal demodulation in a coherent light OFDM system, estimates and compensates IQ imbalance factors of a transmitting terminal, and improves the transmission performance of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for cascade compensation in a coherent optical OFDM communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot subcarrier design according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Firstly, the influence of transmitting end IQ imbalance and receiving end IQ imbalance on received signals in a coherent optical communication system is explained:
assuming that there is a transmit-side phase mismatch factor θtAnd amplitude mismatch factortAfter passing through the optical IQ modulator, the output electric field strength expression is as follows:
wherein,is the electric field strength, omega, of the input laserSAndrespectively representing the initial angular frequency and phase of the laser at the transmitting end. In the ideal case, θt=0,tWhen the output electric field strength becomes E at 1out(t)=Ein(t)·(IS+jQS)。
A coherent receiver based on 3dB coupler is composed of 4 3dB couplers and a 90 DEG phase shifter, and for the sake of simplicity and no loss of generality, the amplitude of the coupler C1 is assumed to existDegree mismatch factorr(i.e., the coupling coefficient of the coupler) the remaining 3 couplers are in an ideal state with a phase mismatch factor θr. Coupling coefficient of a 3dB coupler in an ideal caserWhen 1/2, the transfer function can be expressed as:
the electric field transfer function through couplers C1, C2, C3 and C4 are expressed as:
the 4 formulas are cascaded to obtain an input signal electric field, a local oscillator signal electric field and an output E1(t)、E2(t)、E3(t) and E4The relationship of (t) is:
after the receiver is balanced, the expression of the output photocurrent can be obtained as follows:
wherein,is the responsivity of a photodiode, ideally in coherent detectionThe electric field expression obtained by solving equation (9) is substituted for equations (10) and (11) without considering the case where the responsivity of the photodiode does not match:
further simplification yields an expression of:
()*denotes conjugation by X (t) + X*The properties of (t) ═ 2Re { x (t) } can be simplified as shown below
Assuming that the influence of noise is not taken into account, ES(t) is the intensity of the optical electric field of the carried signal after the optical fiber transmission, the expression of the intensity of the electric field is shown as the formula (3), and the expression of the intensity of the electric field of the local oscillator isωLOAndrespectively, the initial angular frequency and phase of the local oscillator.
Will ES(t) and ELOThe expression of (t) can be substituted for the formulae (16) and (17)
Wherein,when θ is 0 under the condition that the signal laser and the local oscillator laser have the same frequency and no phase noise, equations (18) and (19) are rewritten as follows:
the above equation is a relational expression between the signals of the transmitting end I path and Q path and the signals of the receiving end under the condition of IQ imbalance, and can be expressed as follows in a matrix form:
in the ideal case, θt=0,θr=0,t=1,Can be substituted by formula (22)
At this time, the I and Q paths are perfectly orthogonal and equal in amplitude.
Starting from the OFDM signal, when IQ imbalance exists at the transmitting end, the following derivation procedure can be obtained:
at the transmitting end, the OFDM baseband signal is x (t), and the expression of the mth symbol of the time domain obtained after IDFT conversion is as follows
Where N is the number of subcarriers of the OFDM signal, dt[k]Denotes the k sub-carrier, TSIs the OFDM symbol period, fkIs the frequency of the kth subcarrier, and the orthogonality requirement f of each subcarrier is ensuredk=(k-1)/TS。
At the receiving end, after DFT, transform to frequency domain, then the expression of k sub-carrier is
w[m]The received mth OFDM symbol is represented by w (t) z (t), z (t) x (t), and z (t) is the received OFDM baseband signal, and the receiving end d is obtained without considering IQ imbalance and channel noiser[k]Equal to the transmitting end value dt[k]。
Assuming that there are amplitude and phase mismatch factors of the transmitting end, which are respectively expressed by variables and sums, the time domain baseband signal of the receiving end is affected by IQ imbalance of the transmitting end, and the expression is rewritten as follows:
w(t)=μz(t)+λz*(t) (26)
wherein distortion parameters μ and λ due to the IQ imbalance at the transmitting end are introduced, which are related to the sum of the magnitude and phase mismatch at the transmitting end, μ ═ cos () + jsin (), λ ═ cos () -j sin ().
When the I and Q paths of the transmitting terminal are in an equilibrium state, equation (26) is equal to 0 and 0, and μ is equal to 1 and λ is equal to 0.
Therefore, in the presence of the transmitting end IQ imbalance, the expression of the k sub-carrier of the received frequency domain OFDM signal becomes
When noise is not considered, z (t) x (t), thenIt is substituted by formula (27) to obtain
Wherein,is thatMirror image of (a).
When there is IQ imbalance at the transmitting end, the OFDM subcarrier generates a mirror image by taking the optical carrier at the transmitting end as a symmetric center; similarly, when there is IQ imbalance at the receiving end, the received OFDM sub-carriers will generate a mirror image centered around the local oscillator frequency. Therefore, due to the interference of the subcarrier images at the symmetrical positions, the constellation diagram of the modulated signal is distorted, which causes the interference between the carriers, seriously affects and reduces the transmission performance of the signal.
The following describes an embodiment of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for cascade compensation in a coherent optical OFDM communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
step 1, designing a pilot frequency subcarrier distribution scheme at a transmitting end of a coherent light OFDM communication system;
in step 1, the designed pilot subcarrier allocation scheme includes: local subcarrier allocation and interleaved subcarrier allocation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot subcarrier design scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where a denotes a local subcarrier allocation scheme and b denotes an interleaved subcarrier allocation scheme, specifically:
suppose the number of pilot subcarriers is 2NPThe two-phase alternating current DC power supply is symmetrically distributed on two sides with a direct current component DC as a center, and the following relation is satisfied:
assuming that the DC component DC is marked with 0 position, N on the left of DCPThe pilot is located at the negative half shaft and the DC right NPThe pilots are located on the positive half axis. The phase difference of adjacent pilot frequency sub-carriers on two half shafts is pi/2, and the corresponding pilot frequency on the positive half shaft and the negative half shaft meets the phase conjugationIs described.
Step 2, compensating the laser phase noise of the transmitting end by adopting a phase conjugate pilot frequency auxiliary method at the receiving end of the coherent light OFDM communication system;
in step 2, the process of compensating the laser phase noise at the transmitting end by using the phase conjugate pilot frequency assistance method specifically includes:
multiplying each pilot subcarrier by a phase quantityφmIs the common phase error caused by the laser linewidth;
the expression of the estimated value of the public phase error obtained by using the conjugate pilot frequency sequence designed by the transmitting end is as follows:
wherein arg (·) represents the phase of the pilot sequence after multiplication,is the common phase error value estimated by the pilot frequency sequence;
then multiplying the signal sub-carrier of the coherent optical OFDM communication systemThereby removing the effect of laser phase noise.
Step 3, estimating IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors of the transmitting end at the receiving end by further adopting a frequency domain second-order estimation algorithm;
specifically, the process of estimating the IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factor of the transmitting end by using a frequency domain second order estimation algorithm comprises the following steps:
setting the pilot subcarrier signal expression of the transmitting end as follows:
p[k]=ck·ejkπ/2,|k|=0,1,2...,NP. (31)
p[k]expression representing the k sub-carrier, ckIs the amplitude of the kth strength pilot;
performing frequency conversion modulation on the pilot frequency subcarrier signal to obtain a signal expression of the transmitting end, wherein the signal expression is as follows:
PI(k)=cos(2πf0t+kπ/2),PQ(k)=sin(2πf0t+kπ/2);
if there is IQ imbalance at the transmitting end, the I/Q paths at the receiving end are in an ideal state and are not considered. The expression of the baseband electrical signal received after passing through the optical fiber channel according to the formula (22) is
Where the sum Δ φ is the amplitude and phase imbalance factor, H, respectively, of the transmit sidekIs the channel response transfer function, f0Representing the frequency, ω k, of the modulated optical carrier]Is the channel gaussian noise.
Then, the sum Δ φ is estimated by using the strength pilot signals, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
order toSubstituted formula (33), for rI[k]By the following transformation, can be obtained
And after channel equalization, extracting an IQ imbalance factor of a transmitting terminal by adopting a frequency domain second moment estimation algorithm. The phase difference between adjacent pilots is pi/2, and the following expected relational expression can be obtained
In pilot design process ckAnd ck+1Using the received pilot signal, the calculated average value is substituted into equations (35) and (36) to obtain:
whereinThe IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors can be solved by substituting the values of A and B into equation (37)
c is a known constant, NPFor the number of pilot frequency sub-carriers, I and Q represent two paths of signals at the transmitting end of the coherent optical OFDM communication system.
And step 4, further eliminating system performance deterioration caused by IQ mismatching of the transmitting end so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.
In step 4, the process of eliminating system performance degradation caused by IQ mismatch at the transmitting end specifically includes:
the method assumes that an I path and a Q path of a coherent optical OFDM communication system transmitting end signal are S respectivelyIAnd SQAnd if the I/Q two paths of amplitude and phase imbalance and delta phi of the transmitting end exist, the signal expression of the receiving end is obtained as follows:
the final compensated signal expression is
Wherein,
in summary, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can solve the influence of the laser phase noise on signal demodulation in the coherent light OFDM system, estimate and compensate the IQ imbalance factor at the transmitting end, improve the performance of the transmission system, have low computational complexity, and can be easily implemented on a hardware platform.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for cascade compensation in a coherent optical OFDM communication system, the method comprising:
step 1, designing a pilot frequency subcarrier distribution scheme at a transmitting end of a coherent light OFDM communication system;
step 2, compensating the laser phase noise of the transmitting end by adopting a phase conjugate pilot frequency auxiliary method at the receiving end of the coherent light OFDM communication system;
step 3, estimating IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors of the transmitting end at the receiving end by further adopting a frequency domain second-order estimation algorithm;
and step 4, further eliminating system performance deterioration caused by IQ mismatching of the transmitting end so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.
2. The method of cascade compensation in the coherent optical OFDM communication system according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1:
the designed pilot subcarrier allocation scheme comprises: local subcarrier allocation and interleaved subcarrier allocation.
3. The method of cascade compensation in the coherent optical OFDM communication system according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the process of compensating the laser phase noise at the transmitting end by using the phase conjugate pilot aided method specifically comprises:
multiplying each pilot subcarrier by a phase quantityφmIs the common phase error caused by the laser linewidth;
the expression of the estimated value of the public phase error obtained by using the conjugate pilot frequency sequence designed by the transmitting end is as follows:
wherein arg (·) represents the phase of the pilot sequence after multiplication,is the common phase error value estimated by the pilot frequency sequence;
then multiplying the signal sub-carrier of the coherent optical OFDM communication systemThereby removing the effect of laser phase noise.
4. The method of cascade compensation in the coherent optical OFDM communication system according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factor expression of the estimated transmitting end is:
wherein, and Δ φ respectively represent IQ amplitude and phase imbalance factors of the transmitting end;
c is a known constant, NPBeing pilot sub-carriersThe number, I and Q, represents two paths of signals at the transmitting end of the coherent light OFDM communication system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in the step 4, the procedure of eliminating system performance degradation caused by IQ mismatch at the transmitting end specifically comprises:
the method assumes that an I path and a Q path of a coherent optical OFDM communication system transmitting end signal are S respectivelyIAnd SQAnd if the I/Q two paths of amplitude and phase imbalance and delta phi of the transmitting end exist, the signal expression of the receiving end is obtained as follows:
the final compensated signal expression is
Wherein,
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CN108718217A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-30 | 华北电力大学扬中智能电气研究中心 | A kind of compensation method and device based on coherent optical communication system |
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CN112769497A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州大学 | Method for carrying out nonlinear compensation on high-capacity high-order QAM coherent light |
CN114124640A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Signal compensation processing method and device |
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Cited By (6)
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CN109728856A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | 富士通株式会社 | The unbalanced estimation device of optical sender IQ, compensation device and electronic equipment |
CN109728856B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-12-31 | 富士通株式会社 | Estimation device and compensation device for IQ imbalance of optical transmitter and electronic equipment |
CN108718217A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-30 | 华北电力大学扬中智能电气研究中心 | A kind of compensation method and device based on coherent optical communication system |
CN114124640A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Signal compensation processing method and device |
CN112769497A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州大学 | Method for carrying out nonlinear compensation on high-capacity high-order QAM coherent light |
CN112769497B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-02-22 | 苏州大学 | Method for carrying out nonlinear compensation on high-capacity high-order QAM coherent light |
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