CN106850159A - A kind of multicast turns unicast transfer approach and system - Google Patents
A kind of multicast turns unicast transfer approach and system Download PDFInfo
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 17
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1864—ARQ related signaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
- H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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Abstract
Turn unicast transfer approach the invention provides a kind of multicast, comprise the following steps：（1）Sender judges whether each message for sending is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if performing step（2）, otherwise perform step（3）；（2）Sender directly transmits the unicast message that multicast turns unicast, is read really symbol without receiving recipient；（3）Sender sends a non-multicast and turns the unicast message of unicast, is read really the unicast message that the follow-up supervention of symbol send next non-multicast to turn unicast recipient is received.Unicast load mode is turned by multicast of the present invention, realizes that automatic unresponsive multicast turns unicast transmission, during descending, repeating transmission message is reduced, during up and down, ACK messages is reduced, can thus cause that wireless space utilization rate is higher, improve the handling capacity that multicast turns unicast.
Description
Technical field
The multicast sent the present invention relates to the multicast of WLAN processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of AP turns unicast
Transfer approach and system.
Background technology
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN) is using wireless channel as transmission medium
LAN, be important supplement and the extension of wired networking mode.Its infrastructure network have mobile site (STA,
Station), three kinds of networks such as access point (Access Point, AP), access control point (Access Control, AC) set
It is standby.Wherein, the effect of AP is that mobile site is coupled together with existing cable network.
Multicast (Multicast) is between unicast（Unicast）And broadcast（Broadcast）Between a kind of data transfer
The destination address of mode, i.e. data frame is a multicast address, and data frame is only sent to and belong to many of multicast group by transmitting terminal
Individual receiving terminal.In radio communication, multicast is that multicast only sends a copy of data with the difference of unicast；With the area of broadcast
It is not that flux of multicast is only received and processed by the audiomonitor for belonging to multicast member.For this one-to-many number
According to transmission, multicast is more highly efficient than unicast and broadcast.
Multicast transmission mode in existing WLAN has two kinds：With broadcast transmission multicast frame and with mode of unicast
Transmission group broadcasting frame.So that WLAN carries out multicast as an example, when using broadcast transmission multicast frame, used as the AP of transmitting terminal
Group temporary key (Group Temporal Key, GTK) in Basic Service Set (BSS) domain, to the multicast frame from network side
Encryption, then multicast frame is sent to the website (Station, STA) in BSS domains in a broadcast manner, then, STA passes through phase again
Same GTK is decrypted to multicast frame and is sent to upper-layer user；When using mode of unicast transmission group broadcasting frame, AP is used to interim close
Key (Pairwise Transient Key, PTK) is encrypted to multicast frame, and is multiple by the multicast frame copy after encryption, one by one
Be sent to all STA in BSS domains, STA reuses identical PTK decryption, and is sent to upper-layer user.Upper-layer user is connecing
After receiving multicast frame, judge oneself whether belong to the corresponding multicast group of the multicast frame, then decide whether to receive the multicast frame.
In some wireless scenes, a large amount of STA associated on an AP receive multicast simultaneously.Such as in a classroom,
All of student receives video classes with pad.This when, in order that multicast high-quality can transmit, when STA from AP very
Closely, it is proper by the way of multicast turns unicast when physical connection speed is very high.Generally, the multicast message of Voice ＆ Video
It is to use UDP（User Datagram Protocol, UDP）, because Voice ＆ Video Business Nature is determined
Message dropping is not catastrophic, and business can be tolerated in itself.But after multicast turns unicast, although three layers of UDP is need not
ACK（Acknowledgement, that is, confirm character, and in data communication, receiving station issues a kind of transmission class control of dispatching station
Character, the data that expression is sent have confirmed that receiving is errorless）, but because the agreement of two layers of wireless unicast defines the unicast at two layers
Need ACK.This has resulted in the waste of space resources, because at two layers if multicast, it is not required that ACK.
The content of the invention
For existing after multicast turns unicast, it is to need ACK that the agreement of two layers of wireless unicast is defined in two layers of unicast,
The technical problem of the waste of space resources is caused, is turned unicast transfer approach present invention aim at a kind of multicast of offer and is
System, realizes causing that wireless space utilization rate is higher, improves the handling capacity that multicast turns unicast.
To achieve the above object, turn unicast transfer approach the invention provides a kind of multicast, comprise the following steps：（1）Hair
The side of sending judges whether each message for sending is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if performing step（2）, otherwise perform step
（3）；（2）Sender directly transmits the unicast message that multicast turns unicast, is read really symbol without receiving recipient；（3）Sender
The unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast is sent, send next non-multicast to turn unicast recipient's follow-up supervention of symbol of reading really is received
Unicast message.
Optionally, step（1）Further include：Sender judges that each message for sending is by the source IP address of message
No is the unicast message that multicast turns unicast.
Optionally, it is characterised in that step（2）Further include：Sender sequentially sends multiple UDP messages, without
Etc. to be answered.
Optionally, step（3）Further include：Sender receive recipient read really judge to have sent after symbol it is non-
The unicast message that multicast turns unicast is normally received by recipient, then continue to send the unicast message that next non-multicast turns unicast, no
Then enter retransmission procedure.
To achieve the above object, turn unicast transmission system present invention also offers a kind of multicast, be provided with transmission method, apparatus
Send judge module, the first sending module and the second sending module；The transmission judge module, for judging each of transmission
Whether message is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if then calling first sending module, otherwise calls second hair
Send module；First sending module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly transmitting multicast, the confirmation without receiving recipient
Character；Described second is sent, and the unicast message of unicast is turned for sending a non-multicast, and receiving, recipient's symbol of reading really is follow-up
Supervention send the unicast message that next non-multicast turns unicast.
To achieve the above object, turn unicast transfer approach present invention also offers a kind of multicast, comprise the following steps：（a）
Recipient judges whether each message for receiving is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if performing step（b）, otherwise perform
Step（c）；（b）Recipient directly receives the unicast message that multicast turns unicast, and character is confirmed without being replied to sender；（c）Connect
Debit receives the unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast, is replied to sender and confirms that the follow-up continued access of character accepts a non-multicast and turns single
The unicast message broadcast.
Optionally, step（a）Further include：Recipient by the message for judging to receive is received on negotiated speed
, so as to judge that the message for receiving is the unicast message that multicast turns unicast.
Optionally, step（b）Further include：Multiple UDP messages that recipient's received in sequence sender sends, without answering
Answer.
Optionally, step（c）Further include：Recipient after the unicast message that the non-multicast turns unicast is received, to
Sender replys and confirms character, to confirm to normally receive the unicast message that the non-multicast turns unicast, otherwise waits for sender's weight
Newly send the unicast message that the non-multicast turns unicast.
To achieve the above object, turn unicast transmission system present invention also offers a kind of multicast, be provided with receiver equipment
Receive judge module, the first receiver module and the second receiver module；The reception judge module, for judge receive it is every
Whether one message is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if then calling first receiver module, otherwise calls described second
Receiver module；First receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly receiving multicast, without replying true to sender
Read symbol；Second receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for receiving a non-multicast, is replied to sender and is confirmed character
The unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast is accepted in follow-up continued access.
The advantage of the invention is that：Unicast load mode is turned by multicast of the present invention, is realized automatic unresponsive group
Broadcast and turn unicast transmission, during descending, reduce repeating transmission message, during up and down, reduce ACK messages, thus may be used
To cause wireless space utilization rate higher, the handling capacity that multicast turns unicast is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, multicast of the present invention turns the schematic flow sheet of unicast transfer approach first embodiment；
Fig. 2, multicast of the present invention turns the schematic flow sheet of unicast transfer approach second embodiment；
Fig. 3, multicast of the present invention turns the transmission rate schematic diagram shown in unicast one embodiment of transmission.
Specific embodiment
Unicast transfer approach is turned to a kind of multicast that the present invention is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and system elaborates.
With reference to Fig. 1, multicast of the present invention turns the schematic flow sheet of unicast transfer approach first embodiment.Described group
Broadcast and turn unicast transfer approach and comprise the following steps：S11：Sender judges whether each message for sending is list that multicast turns unicast
Text is reported, if performing step S12, step S13 is otherwise performed；S12：Sender directly transmits the unicast report that multicast turns unicast
Text, reads symbol really without receiving recipient；S13：Sender sends the unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast, is receiving reception
Really read and accord with the unicast message that follow-up supervention send next non-multicast to turn unicast in side.
Wherein, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, and step S11 is further included：Sender is by report
The source IP address of text judges whether each message of transmission is unicast message that multicast turns unicast.The IP address of multicast is D classes, from
It is the unicast message for turning unicast by multicast that the source IP address of message can be recognised that.Sender differentiates multicast and turns unicast message
Also other manner well known in the art can be used, here is omitted.
Some ad hoc networks, the transmission rate of multicast can be much lower than unicast, thus change into unicast and can improve efficiency.With regard to group
For the transmission characteristic broadcast, the udp protocol of multicast is not need response, namely does not need recipient's response, is otherwise just reduced
Efficiency of transmission.But unicast needs response, the i.e. sender response of recipient can be waited just to may proceed to give out a contract for a project, if received
Can be retransmitted less than response.
Therefore, multicast of the present invention turns unicast transfer approach, and sender first judges whether is each message for sending
It is belonging to multicast and turns the unicast message of unicast, if it is, walks individually without confirmation character（ACK）Two laminar flow journeys, at this
In flow, sender is no longer required for receiving the ACK of recipient's reply.For other unicast messages, ACK the need for walking normally
Two laminar flow journeys, that is to say, that the ACK that sender must receive recipient's reply just thinks that the message for having sent is normal by recipient
Receive, otherwise enter back into retransmission procedure.
That is, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, step S13 is further included：Sender is receiving
Recipient to read and judge that the non-multicast for having sent turns the unicast message of unicast and normally received by recipient after symbol really, then continue to send out
Next non-multicast is sent to turn the unicast message of unicast, otherwise into retransmission procedure.
Optionally, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, and step S12 is further included：Sender will be many
Individual UDP messages sequentially send, without waiting for response.For example, sender adjusts message transmissions mode, such as one video council is divided into
Many UDP messages sequentially send, it is not necessary to receive response, and sender continues to send next, nothing after sending a message
Need to wait for response.
Unicast transfer approach is turned by the multicast described in the present embodiment, realizes that automatic unresponsive multicast turns unicast transmission,
During descending, repeating transmission message is reduced, during up and down, reduce ACK messages, can thus cause wireless space profit
It is higher with rate, improve the handling capacity that multicast turns unicast.
Turn unicast transmission system present invention also offers a kind of multicast, send and be provided with method, apparatus transmission judge module, the
One sending module and the second sending module；The transmission judge module, whether each message for judging to send is multicast
Turn the unicast message of unicast, if then calling first sending module, otherwise call second sending module；Described first
Sending module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly transmitting multicast, is read really symbol without receiving recipient；Second hair
Send, the unicast message of unicast is turned for sending a non-multicast, next non-group is sent recipient's follow-up supervention of symbol of reading really is received
Broadcast the unicast message for turning unicast.
With reference to Fig. 2, multicast of the present invention turns the schematic flow sheet of unicast transfer approach second embodiment.Described group
Broadcast and turn unicast transfer approach and comprise the following steps：S21：Recipient judges whether each message for receiving is that multicast turns unicast
Unicast message, if performing step S22, otherwise performs step S23；S22：Recipient directly receives the unicast report that multicast turns unicast
Text, character is confirmed without being replied to sender；S23：Recipient receives the unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast, is returned to sender
Confirm that the unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast is accepted in the follow-up continued access of character again.
Wherein, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, and step S21 is further included：Recipient is by sentencing
Surely the message for receiving is received on negotiated speed, so as to judge that the message for receiving is the unicast report that multicast turns unicast
Text.Because recipient knows that the message for receiving is received by which kind of mode, you can differentiate whether the message for receiving is group
Broadcast and turn unicast message.Such as multicast turns what unicast message was necessarily received on negotiated speed.Recipient differentiates multicast and turns single
Reporting text can also use other manner well known in the art, and here is omitted.
Some ad hoc networks, the transmission rate of multicast can be much lower than unicast, thus change into unicast and can improve efficiency.With regard to group
For the transmission characteristic broadcast, need not be answered after the udp protocol of multicast is not need response, namely recipient receives message
Answer, otherwise just reduce efficiency of transmission.But unicast needs response, i.e. recipient after message is received, it is necessary to reply really
Read symbol, to confirm to normally receive the unicast message that corresponding non-multicast turns unicast, can otherwise receive the report of sender's repeating transmission
Text.
Therefore, multicast of the present invention turns unicast transfer approach, and recipient first judges whether is each message for receiving
It is belonging to multicast and turns the unicast message of unicast, if it is, walking the single two laminar flow journeys without ACK, in this flow, receives
Fang Buzai replys ACK.For other unicast messages, the two laminar flow journeys of ACK the need for walking normally, that is to say, that recipient receives
ACK must be replied after to message to confirm to normally receive, and can just avoid sender from entering back into retransmission procedure.
That is, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, step S23 is further included：Recipient is receiving
After the non-multicast turns the unicast message of unicast, replied to sender and confirm character, to confirm that normally receiving the non-multicast turns
The unicast message of unicast, otherwise waits for sender and resends the unicast message that the non-multicast turns unicast.
Optionally, the multicast described in the present embodiment turns unicast transfer approach, and step S22 is further included：Recipient is sequentially
Multiple UDP messages that sender sends are received, without response.For example, a video is divided into many UDP reports by such as sender
Text sequentially send, recipient's received in sequence, receive a message after continue to it is next, without replying ACK responses.
Unicast transfer approach is turned by the multicast described in the present embodiment, realizes that automatic unresponsive multicast turns unicast transmission,
During descending, repeating transmission message is reduced, during up and down, reduce ACK messages, can thus cause wireless space profit
It is higher with rate, improve the handling capacity that multicast turns unicast.
Turn unicast transmission system present invention also offers a kind of multicast, reception judge module, the are provided with receiver equipment
One receiver module and the second receiver module；The reception judge module, whether each message for judging to receive is group
The unicast message for turning unicast is broadcast, if then calling first receiver module, second receiver module is otherwise called；Described
One receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly receiving multicast, and character is confirmed without being replied to sender；Described second
Receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for receiving a non-multicast, is replied to sender and is confirmed that the follow-up continued access of character accepts one
Non-multicast turns the unicast message of unicast.
Turn unicast transfer approach to multicast of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to be described further.
With reference to Fig. 3, multicast of the present invention turns the transmission rate schematic diagram shown in unicast one embodiment of transmission.This implementation
Example is with access point（AP）The automatic unresponsive multicast of multiple websites (STA) realization is turned as a example by unicast transmission, in Fig. 3, left side is used for
Illustrate multicast, right side is used to illustrate unicast.
Some ad hoc networks, the transmission rate of multicast can be much lower than unicast, thus change into unicast and can improve efficiency.Such as
In the present embodiment, during multicast, the propagation rate of AP is in 1MB/bps；And it is close from AP to work as STA, when physical connection speed is very high,
Proper by the way of multicast turns unicast, single propagation rate is minimum can to reach 20MB/bps, and higher can reach
72MB/bps。
The IP address of multicast is D classes, can recognise that it is the unicast for turning unicast by multicast from the source IP address of message
Message.Therefore, for AP：
AP must judge whether each message for sending is belonging to the unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if it is, must walk
Individually without the laminar flow journeys of ACK bis-, in this flow, AP is no longer required for receiving the ACK of STA.For other unicast messages, walk
Normal two laminar flows journey, that is to say, that, it is necessary to the ACK for receiving STA just thinks that the message for having sent is normally received by other side, otherwise
Enter back into retransmission procedure.Such as, the unicast message of unicast, AP ends adjustment message transmissions mode are turned for belonging to multicast, it is not necessary to
Receive response（Such as one video council is divided into many UDP messages, and AP ends continue to send next after sending a message,
Without waiting for response）.
STA can also differentiate multicast and turn unicast message because knowing that this message is received by which kind of mode.Such as multicast
And what unicast message was necessarily received on negotiated speed.Therefore, for STA：
STA must judge whether each message for receiving is belonging to the unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if it is, must walk
Individually without the laminar flow journeys of ACK bis-, in this flow, STA no longer replys ACK to AP.For other unicast messages, walk normal
Two laminar flow journeys, that is to say, that STA must reply ACK confirmation messages and normally receive, and otherwise AP can enter back into retransmission procedure.Than
Such as, the unicast message of unicast is turned for belonging to multicast, AP continues to send next after sending a message, and STA receives one
Continued to after message it is next, without replying ACK responses.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, and these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multicast turns unicast transfer approach, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Sender judges each of transmission
Whether message is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if performing step（2）, otherwise perform step（3）；（2）Sender is direct
Send multicast and turn the unicast message of unicast, read really symbol without receiving recipient；（3）Sender sends a non-multicast and turns single
The unicast message broadcast, reads the unicast message that the follow-up supervention of symbol send next non-multicast to turn unicast really recipient is received.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Further include：The source that sender passes through message
IP address judges whether each message for sending is unicast message that multicast turns unicast.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Further include：Sender reports multiple UDP
Text sequentially sends, without waiting for response.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Further include：Sender is receiving recipient
Really to read and judge that the non-multicast for having sent turns the unicast message of unicast and normally received by recipient after symbol, then continue to send next
Non-multicast turns the unicast message of unicast, otherwise into retransmission procedure.
5. a kind of multicast turns unicast transmission system, it is characterised in that transmission judge module, the first transmission are provided with transmission method, apparatus
Module and the second sending module；The transmission judge module, whether each message for judging to send is that multicast turns unicast
Unicast message, if then calling first sending module, otherwise call second sending module；Described first sends
Module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly transmitting multicast, is read really symbol without receiving recipient；Described second sends,
Turn the unicast message of unicast for sending a non-multicast, send next non-multicast to turn recipient's follow-up supervention of symbol of reading really is received
The unicast message of unicast.
6. a kind of multicast turns unicast transfer approach, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（a）It is every that recipient's judgement is received
Whether one message is unicast message that multicast turns unicast, if performing step（b）, otherwise perform step（c）；（b）Recipient is straight
The unicast message that multicast turns unicast is received, character is confirmed without being replied to sender；（c）Recipient receives a non-multicast and turns
The unicast message of unicast, replys to sender and confirms that the unicast message that a non-multicast turns unicast is accepted in the follow-up continued access of character.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step（a）Further include：Recipient is received by judging
To message be on negotiated speed receive, so as to judge that the message for receiving is the unicast message that multicast turns unicast.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step（b）Further include：Recipient's received in sequence sends
Multiple UDP messages that side sends, without response.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step（c）Further include：Recipient is receiving described non-
After multicast turns the unicast message of unicast, replied to sender and confirm character, to confirm that normally receiving the non-multicast turns unicast
Unicast message, otherwise waits for sender and resends the unicast message that the non-multicast turns unicast.
10. a kind of multicast turns unicast transmission system, it is characterised in that reception judge module is provided with receiver equipment, first is connect
Receive module and the second receiver module；The reception judge module, whether each message for judging to receive is that multicast turns
The unicast message of unicast, if then calling first receiver module, otherwise calls second receiver module；Described first
Receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for directly receiving multicast, and character is confirmed without being replied to sender；Described second
Receiver module, the unicast message of unicast is turned for receiving a non-multicast, is replied to sender and is confirmed that the follow-up continued access of character accepts one
Non-multicast turns the unicast message of unicast.
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| CN201710103809.0A CN106850159B (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Multicast-to-unicast transmission method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112839240A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 福州大学 | Bandwidth detection method and system based on video stream |
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