CN106850066B - The method for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator - Google Patents
The method for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
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- H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator, which is related to microwave technical field and technical field of photo communication, is mainly used in the measurement of Doppler frequency shift DFS.Described device is as shown in the picture, including light source LD, the transmitting source signal Transmitted signal, echo signal source Echo signal, 90-degree phase shifter Phase Shifter, dual-polarization modulator DPol-MZM, image intensifer EDFA, optical filter OBPF, polarization beam apparatus PBS, photoelectric detector PD and hybrid coupler Hybrid Coupler.This method is based on DPol-MZM and echo signal is down-converted to low frequency electrical signal, can estimate the size and Orientation of Doppler simultaneously in conjunction with Hybrid Coupler.When Doppler's frequency is timing, there is output signal in the only positive port of Hybrid Coupler, and when Doppler frequency shift is negative, the only negative terminal mouth of Hybrid Coupler has output signal.This method has many advantages, such as that carrier frequency tuning range is wide, frequency-measurement accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photo communication and microwave technical field more particularly to microwave signal photonics Doppler's frequencies
Shift measurement.
Background technique
Doppler effect is the tranmitting frequency due to caused by relative motion and receives frequency the phenomenon that there are deviations.Its frequency
Rate difference is defined as Doppler frequency shift DFS.Currently, in the fields Doppler frequency such as radar, wireless communication, electronic warfare, medical imaging
Shift measurement has important application.For example, in wireless communications, Doppler effect shows as the time-varying of wireless multipath fading channel
Characteristic can accurately estimate channel parameter by measuring Doppler frequency shift, to reasonably be set to communication system
Meter.In clinical medicine, the blood flowed in cardiovascular system and each internal organs is detected using Doppler effect,
To obtain some important blood flow informations such as blood flow direction, blood flow velocity distribution and blood flow state and then examine disease
It is disconnected.The Doppler shift measurement method of traditional electrical domain has Fourier analysis, time-domain analysis, orthogonal mixing etc..Although these methods
Good measurement accuracy can be obtained, but be limited to electronic bottleneck, there is narrow bandwidth, vulnerable to electromagnetic interference the problems such as.
Microwave photon technology combines the advantage of microwave and the big technology of photon two, becomes research hotspot in recent years.The skill
Art has the advantages that instant bandwidth is big, small in size, power consumption is few, electromagnetism interference, for Doppler shift measurement provide one it is new
Solution.
There are two types of thinkings in the scheme of the Microwave photonics Doppler shift measurement proposed: will be more one is passing through
General Le frequency displacement is mapped to power, measures Doppler frequency shift indirectly to frequency offset one-to-one relationship using power, but can not
Obtain the direction of Doppler frequency shift；Another is the telecommunications that Doppler frequency shift is transformed into low frequency by optics down coversion link
Number, Doppler frequency shift is obtained respectively using spectrum analyzer and the frequency spectrum of oscillograph analysis low frequency electrical signal, phase relation
Size and Orientation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem in the presence of background technology, it is real based on dual-polarization modulator that the invention proposes one kind
The method of existing Doppler shift measurement.The size of the Doppler frequency shift after down coversion is analyzed in the invention by spectrum analyzer,
The judgement in direction is realized using hybrid coupler.When positive Doppler frequency shift occurs, the positive port of hybrid coupler exports letter
Number, when negative Doppler frequency shift occurs, the negative port output signal of hybrid coupler.This method is wide with carrier frequency tuning range, surveys
The advantages that frequency precision is high.
The present invention solves method used by its technical problem: described device includes laser diode LD, electric phase shifter
Phase Shifter, dual-polarization horse increase modulator DPol-MZM, erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, optical filter OBPF, polarization control
Device PC, polarization beam apparatus PBS and photoelectric detector PD and hybrid coupler Hybrid Coupler processed；The output port of LD with
The input terminal of DPol-MZM is connected, and the output end of DPol-MZM is connected with the input terminal of EDFA, the output end of EDFA and OBPF's
Input terminal be connected, the output end of OBPF is connected through PC with the input terminal of PBS, the Liang Ge branch of PBS output end respectively with PD1 with
The input terminal of PD2 is connected.PD1 is connected with two input ports of Hybrid Coupler respectively with the output end of PD2.
Above-mentioned DPol-MZM is by a beam splitter, upper and lower two parallel upper way modulator MZM1, lower way tune
Device MZM2 and polarization multiplexer PBC processed are integrated, and two prevention at radio-frequency port of MZM1 are port1 and port2, direct current biasing VDC1,
Two prevention at radio-frequency port of MZM2 are port3 and port4, direct current biasing VDC2, MZM1 and MZM2 structure having the same and performance.
Above-mentioned PD1 and PD2 is narrowband PD.
Above-mentioned Hybrid Coupler is four port models an of Two In and Two Out, by 90-degree phase shifter, adder and
Subtracter is integrated, and the upper port that name is added output here is negative port Negative Port, and the lower port for subtracting each other output is positive
Port Positive Port.
The present invention at work the following steps are included:
1) the continuous light carrier that LD is issued enters DPol-MZM, is divided into light carrier through beam splitter in DPol-MZM
Two parts are separately input in MZM1 and MZM2；
2) it sends signal Transmitted signal and is divided into two parts, prevention at radio-frequency port of a part load in MZM1
Port1, a part load on the prevention at radio-frequency port port3 of MZM2 after 90 degree of electric phase shifter phase shift.Echo signal Echo
Signal is also divided into two parts, loads the radio frequency in the prevention at radio-frequency port port2 and lower branch MZM2 of upper branch MZM1 respectively
On the port4 of port.Making the frequency of echo signal with transmission signal frequency by setting, that there are small offsets is how general to generate
Strangle frequency displacement.
3) V is setDC1、VDC2Size, so that MZM1 and MZM2 is worked in minimum transfer point.In the output of MZM1 and MZM2
End can respectively obtain the double-sideband signal of carrier wave inhibition.
4) two paths of signals of MZM1 and MZM2 output is input to PBC and realizes polarization state orthogonalization, in the output of DPol-MZM
End obtains a polarisation-multiplexed signal；
4) modulated signal of DPol-MZM output is sent into OBPF after EDFA amplifies, and filters out the negative one rank light of modulated signal
Sideband.
5) filtered signal enters PBS after PC, and adjusting PC makes signal realize two orthogonal polarisation states after PBS
Separation；
6) two paths of signals of PBS output is connected with PD1 with PD2 respectively, is believed all the way using spectrum analyzer any of them
Number carrying out analysis can be obtained by the size of Doppler frequency shift.
7) two low frequency electrical signals of PD1 and PD2 output are separately input to two input ports of Hybrid Coupler.
In Hybrid Coupler, 90-degree phase shifter input PD1 90 degree of electric signal phase shift, negative terminal mouth exports two signals
With positive port exports the difference of two signals, determines Doppler frequency shift just by checking whether two output ports have signal
It is negative.Target radial close to when, echo signal frequency becomes larger, and Doppler frequency shift is positive ("+").Conversely, target radial far from when, return
Acoustical signal frequency becomes smaller, and Doppler frequency shift is negative ("-").
8) frequency of fixed transmission signal, adjusts the frequency offset of echo signal, to generate different Doppler's frequencies
It moves, then repeatedly step 6 and 7.
9) fixed frequency offset, change transmitting microwave signal and echo signal carrier frequency size, then repeatedly step 6 and
7。
The invention proposes a kind of method for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator, this method utilizes base
Doppler frequency shift is down-converted to the electric signal of low frequency in DPol-MZM, can be obtained simultaneously in conjunction with the Hybrid Coupler of electrical domain
The size and Orientation of Doppler frequency shift is obtained, this method carrier frequency tuning range is wide, frequency-measurement accuracy is high, has very strong reality can
The advantages that operational.
Since PD1 and the PD2 low frequency electrical signal exported all contain Doppler frequency shift ingredient, using spectrum analyzer to appointing
Signal carries out analyzing the size that can be obtained by Doppler frequency shift all the way for what.
In this method, when positive Doppler frequency shift occurs, there is output signal in only positive port, when negative Doppler frequency shift occurs
When, only negative terminal mouth has output signal.
The measurement result of this method is unrelated with the transmitting carrier frequency of microwave signal, and the broad tuning range of frequency may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the schematic diagrams that DpolMZM realizes Doppler shift measurement；
Fig. 2 is that transmitting signal is 18GHz, and when echo signal is 18.001GHz, modulated signal is through the amplified spectrum of EDFA
Figure, the transmission curve figure and filtered spectrogram of the OBPF of EDFA wide range optical tests；
Fig. 3 is that transmitting signal is 18GHz, when echo signal is respectively 18.001GHz and 17.999GHz, oscillograph and frequency
Spectrum analysis instrument observes the time domain waveform and frequency spectrum of upper and lower two paths of signals:
(a) when echo microwave signal is 18.001GHz, the electric signal waveform figure of PD1 and PD2 output；
(b) when echo microwave signal is 17.999GHz, the electric signal waveform figure of PD1 and PD2 output；
(c) when echo microwave signal is 18.001GHz, the electric signal spectrogram of PD1 output；
(d) when echo microwave signal is 17.999GHz, the electric signal spectrogram of PD1 output；
Fig. 4 is that selection transmitting signal is 18GHz, and respectively in 18.001GHz and 17.999GHz, frequency spectrum divides echo signal
Analyzer observes the frequency spectrum of positive port and negative port output signal；
(a) and (b) be respectively echo microwave signal be 18.001GHz when, Hybrid Coupler accordingly positive port and
The electric signal spectrogram of negative terminal mouth output；
(c) and (d) be respectively echo microwave signal be 17.999GHz when, Hybrid Coupler accordingly positive port and
The electric signal spectrogram of negative terminal mouth output；
Fig. 5 is under different tranmitting frequencies, and the frequency offset of echo signal is become with 10KHz step value from -100KHz
When changing to+100KHz, the Doppler frequency shift and error curve of theoretic frequency offset curve, actual measurement:
(a) for tranmitting frequency at 18GHz, theoretic frequency offset curve, the Doppler frequency shift of actual measurement, ± 1KHz are more
The spectrogram and error curve of PD1 output electric signal when general Le frequency displacement；
(b) for tranmitting frequency at 15GHz, theoretic frequency offset curve, the Doppler frequency shift of actual measurement, ± 1KHz are more
The spectrogram and error curve of PD1 output electric signal when general Le frequency displacement；
(c) for tranmitting frequency at 10GHz, theoretic frequency offset curve, the Doppler frequency shift of actual measurement, ± 1KHz are more
The spectrogram and error curve of PD1 output electric signal when general Le frequency displacement；
Specific embodiment
Elaborate with reference to the accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the present invention: the present embodiment before being with technical solution of the present invention
It puts and is implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
The embodiment stated:
As shown in Figure 1, include: in the present embodiment LD, send signal source, echo signal source, DPol-MZM, EDFA, OBPF,
PC, PBS, PD and Hybrid Coupler.LD is connected with the input terminal of DPol-MZM, sends the signal that signal source generates and is divided into two
Part, prevention at radio-frequency port port1 of a part load in MZM1, a part load penetrating in MZM2 after 90 degree of electric phase shifter phase shift
On the port3 of frequency port；Echo signal source generate signal be divided into two parts, load respectively MZM1 prevention at radio-frequency port port2 and
On the prevention at radio-frequency port port4 of MZM2.DPol-MZM's is connected with EDFA, and the output end of EDFA is connected with OBPF.The output of OBPF
End is connected through PC with PBS, and the Liang Ge branch of PBS output end is connected with PD1 with PD2 respectively.The output end of PD1 and PD2 respectively and
Two input ports of Hybrid Coupler are connected.It is analyzed using spectrum analysis instrument signal all the way any to PD1 or PD2
The size that can be obtained by Doppler frequency shift, by checking whether two positive and negative ports of Hybrid Coupler have signal to sentence
Determine the positive and negative of signal.
In this example, the specific implementation step of method is:
Step 1: LD generates operation wavelength near 1552nm, the continuous light carrier that optical power is 15dBm, by light carrier
Work angular frequency be denoted as ωc, amplitude is denoted as E0.Continuous light carrier is input to DPol-MZM.
Step 2: the frequency f that signal source generates is sentTFor 18GHz, power PTPass through coupler for the microwave signal of 10dBm
Two parts are divided into, a part is input to port1, and another part is input to the port3 of MZM2 after 90 degree of electric phase shifter phase shift,
The frequency that echo signal source generates is fEFor 18.001GHz, power PETwo parts are also divided into for the microwave signal of 5dBm, point
It is not input to the port4 of the port2 and MZM2 of MZM1.Adjust VDC1、VDC2Size so that MZM1 and MZM2 is biased in most brief biography
It is defeated, then MZM1, the double-sideband signal that MZM2 outgoing carrier inhibits.In small signal power, the power of higher order term is very
It is small to ignore, only retain single order ingredient.Two sub- modulator outputs can be expressed as following formula:
WhereinωT=2 π fT, ωE=2 π fE, ε is the insertion loss of modulation, β1,β2For transmitting signal and return
The modulation index of acoustical signal, Jn() is first kind n rank Bessel function, and the optical signal that MZM1 and MZM2 are exported enters PBC reality
Existing polarization state is orthogonal, ifWithTwo orthogonal polarization directions are represented, the optical signal of the palarization multiplexing of DPol-MZM output can table
It is shown as:The signal of DPol-MZM output is defeated after EDFA is by power amplification to 10dBm
Enter to OBPF, the wavelength for adjusting the light carrier of LD output falls in the positive single order sideband of modulated signal in the passband of OBPF.Then pass through
The positive single order sideband for crossing OBPF signal is filtered off.Its expression formula are as follows:
As shown in Fig. 2, emitting the positive single order sideband of signal and echo signal not since the resolution ratio of spectrometer is 0.01nm
It can be distinguished out.The wavelength of light wave is exported by adjusting LD, the positive single order sideband of modulated signal is fallen in the passband of OBPF, is filtered
The power of positive single order sideband out reaches 30dB to the inhibition ratio of negative one rank sideband.
Step 3: filtered signal enters PBS through PC, and adjusting PC divides two polarization states of polarisation-multiplexed signal completely
From two output ends of PBS are connected with the PD1 that bandwidth is 1GHz with PD2 respectively.The photoelectric current of PD1 and PD2 output exports expression
Formula are as follows:
Define fd=fT-fEAbove formula can simplify are as follows:
In fT< fE, fT> fEWhen, the upper road Upper Branch where PD1 is set forth as shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b)
With the waveform diagram of the lower road Lower Branch output signal where PD2.It can be seen that when Doppler frequency shift is timing, Upper
The phase of Branch output signal is advanced by 90 degree relative to the phase of Lower Branch output signal, when Doppler frequency shift is
When negative, 90 degree of phase delay relative to Lower Branch output signal of the phase of Upper Branch output signal.?
When Doppler frequency shift is+1MHz and -1MHz, the spectrogram of PD1 output signal such as Fig. 3 (c) and (d) are shown, the frequency where peak value
Rate position is 1.000000MHz, and power is much larger than bottom of making an uproar.
Step 4: PD1 is connected with the two paths of signals that PD2 is exported with two input terminals of Hybrid Coupler.In step
Under two kinds of scenes described in three, the negative output of Hybrid Coupler and positive port signal be may be expressed as:
From Fig. 4 (a) and (b) as can be seen that when Doppler frequency shift is negative, only Negative port has signal defeated
Out.It can be seen that in Fig. 4 (c) and (d) when Doppler frequency shift is timing, only Positive port has signal output, the letter
Number frequency values be exactly the size of Doppler frequency shift that measurement obtains.
Step 5: under different carrier frequency, change the frequency offset of echo signal, make it relative to carrier frequency with 10KHz
Step value changes to+100KHz from -100KHz, compares theoretic frequency offset and actually measured offset show that experiment misses
Difference.Fig. 5 (a) is carrier frequency at 18GHz, actually measured frequency offset Measured DFS and theoretic frequency offset
Frequency offset almost coincide.Because there is very big flip-flop, Doppler's frequency of zero frequency position in device
Shifting cannot be extracted.In actual conditions, the size of Doppler frequency shift is often greater than zero, so zero Doppler frequency shift can be by
It neglects.The boundary of error is also given in figure simultaneously, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), error is limited in ± 5 × 10-6Within Hz.Simultaneously
Experimental result of the carrier frequency at 15GHz and 10GHz is set forth in (b) and (c) in Fig. 5, it can be seen that practical under different carrier frequency
The Doppler frequency shift and theoretic frequency offset measured still coincide and error is still limited in ± 5 × 10-6Within Hz.
To sum up, the present invention is based on the DPol-MZM optics down coversion constituted and Hybrid Coupler to realize simultaneously to more
The differentiation of the general measurement for strangling frequency displacement size and direction.Being analyzed using spectrum analysis instrument any signal all the way that PD is exported can
To obtain the absolute value of Doppler frequency shift.By checking whether the two positive and negative ports Hybrid Coupler have signal to arrive into one
Step determines the positive and negative of Doppler frequency shift.This method carrier frequency tuning range is wide, frequency-measurement accuracy is high, is easy to the advantages that can operating.
In short, embodiments described above is only one embodiment of the present of invention, not it is only used for limiting the present invention
Protection scope, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, in present disclosure, also
Several equivalent variations and replacement can be made, changes the size of carrier frequency, the optical power of signal-to-noise ratio, change of frequency offset etc. and joins
Several adjustment also should be regarded as the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator, including laser LD, dual-polarization modulator
DPol-MZM, phase shifter Phase Shifter, erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, optical band pass filter OBPF, Polarization Controller
PC, polarization beam apparatus PBS, photoelectric detector PD and 90 degree of coupler Hybrid Coupler, it is characterised in that: in DPol-MZM
In to echo-signal and send signal be modulated, generate a polarisation-multiplexed signal, OBPF filters out a side of modulated signal
Band, PBS carry out polarization separation to polarisation-multiplexed signal and carry out beat frequency, and the electric signal that beat frequency obtains is by 90 degree of couplers to it
In be separately summed and subtract each other after 90 degree of signal phase shift all the way, the two paths of signals after being added, subtracting each other is for measuring Doppler frequency shift
Size and Orientation；
The DPol-MZM is by upper and lower two parallel upper way modulator MZM1, lower way modulator MZM2 and palarization multiplexings
Device PBC is integrated, and the direct current biasing of MZM1 and MZM2, which are arranged at smallest point and realize, presses down the carrier wave of echo-signal and local oscillation signal
Double sideband modulation processed.
2. the method according to claim 1 for realizing Doppler shift measurement based on dual-polarization modulator, it is characterised in that:
When positive Doppler frequency shift occurs, there is output signal in the positive port of only device, when negative Doppler frequency shift occurs, only device
Negative terminal mouth output, the size and Orientation of Doppler frequency shift can be obtained simultaneously.
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| CN108055083B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-08-20 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | A kind of Transmission system of double polarizing light signal |
| CN109975856B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2024-02-09 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Multi-beam microwave source based on multiplexer |
| CN108365896B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-10-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Microwave photon down conversion method based on double drive PDM-MZM |
| CN108507663B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-01-31 | 天津大学 | Distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing device and method based on dual-polarization dual-sideband modulation |
| CN110231613B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2023-04-25 | 厦门锐越微电子技术有限公司 | Radar ranging device and method |
| CN109150314B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Frequency conversion phase shift integrated photon microwave frequency mixing device |
| CN110412560B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-06 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Microwave Doppler frequency shift measuring system and application thereof |
| CN112698091B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2022-04-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Non-fuzzy microwave photon Doppler frequency shift measuring method based on cascade modulator |
| CN111404599B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-10-04 | 华东师范大学 | Photon-assisted microwave Doppler frequency shift measuring device and method adopting low-frequency reference signal |
| CN113691314B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-11-22 | 西安电子科技大学 | Photon linear frequency conversion and optical fiber transmission method for microwave and millimeter wave signals |
| CN111538028B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-16 | 之江实验室 | Polarization multiplexing microwave photon radar detection method and system based on photon sampling |
| CN112564811B (en) * | 2020-12-13 | 2023-11-10 | 西北工业大学 | Large dynamic range microwave photon I/Q down-conversion device and adjusting method |
| CN115208463B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2024-01-26 | 西安电子科技大学 | Optical sampling multi-target frequency measurement method based on phase spectrum analysis |
| CN114050873B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-09-12 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Remote microwave frequency measuring device and method based on dispersion compensation technology |
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