CN106847052B - Measure the experimental provision and experimental method of Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship - Google Patents
Measure the experimental provision and experimental method of Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental provisions for measuring Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship, including water tank for loading, several partitions are equipped in the water tank for loading, water tank for loading is divided into several separate spaces by partition, ship model is placed on partition, several T profiles and several weights are installed on ship model, several foil gauges are also equipped on ship model, foil gauge is connect with charge amplifier, charge amplifier successively with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument, computer connection, circulating water pipe is installed at the both ends of water tank for loading, water circulating pump is installed on circulating water pipe.A kind of experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship of the invention, by the difference of the volume of water in tri- independent water tank for loading of A, B, C, hull is simulated in the longitudinal bending by a certain moment of heading sea, to keep experiment true, easily observation has convincingness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental provisions and experimental method of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship, belong to teaching experimental
The field of device.
Background technique
Since stepping into 21 century, due to the fast development of economic globalization, the economic and trade contact between countries in the world is also more next
It is more frequent.Along with the continuous expansion of world shipping market, the appearance of container ship is the breakthrough of the revolution of ship type, energy
The lay day for enough greatly shortening cargo improves its operating efficiency.A kind of main ship of the container ship as Marine Cargo
Type, the speed of a ship or plane is high, handling are fast, the landing pier time is short, with its attention of the exclusive advantage increasingly by shipping world and shipbuilding circles,
Container ship possesses quantity and gross tonnage oneself becomes the one of the important signs that of a national marine transportation ability.Container ship
Development is still advanced towards enlargement, more case positions.But with the enlargement of ship, the development of high speed, Ship Structure and its
The external force that may be met with all becomes to become increasingly complex, and structural failure accident happens occasionally, and causes consequence also further serious.Due to collection
The ship type of vanning ship is elongated and main deck has big hatch opening discontinuous, has received special attention its overall longitudinal strength of hull.Outside
Under the action of portion's load, more significant total vertical deformation may occur for container hull, and comparable stick up is generated in Ship Structure
Transverse stress, it is therefore necessary to which longitudinal strength is carried out to hull.
External load calculation, Finite Element Numerical Simulation are concentrated mainly on for the research of Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship at present
Or carry out ship model wave load experiment in towing basin.First two is based substantially on theoretical calculation, cannot allow student during giving lessons
Intuitively observation and actual hands-on are carried out, is haveed the defects that for intensification study impression aspect certain；Latter due to
Certain experimental condition is needed to have, the towing basin built in colleges and universities at present is simultaneously few, its experimentation cost is bigger in addition,
It is had some limitations in teaching process, therefore is not suitable for demonstrating student during giving lessons.Due to above objective
Factor only lists the discussion of external force of the Large Container Ship under straight unrestrained operational configuration in teaching process at present, lacks
Economic, intuitive teaching experiment equipment allows student to take action on one's own operation to obtain deep understanding.
Carry out it is a kind of measure Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship experiment device for teaching during giving lessons mainly by following
Three aspect advantages:
(1) develop due to container ship towards enlargement, the opening on deck is increasing, so that hull is total vertical
Strength check becomes the factor that must be taken into consideration in hull structural strength.Theoretical say is generally based in the teaching of colleges and universities at present
It solves its Force principle and lacks practical operation, so that classmates be made to recognize it not enough.This experimental provision demonstrates longitudinal bending
Harm to van container hull, the attention so as to cause student to longitudinal strength.
(2) design of this experimental provision can allow student to have one intuitively to recognize the longitudinal strength of Large Container Ship
Know, and deepen understanding of the teacher in classroom to the theoretical knowledge said, thus the related van container of more deep grasp
The knowledge of ship longitudinal strength.The practical operative ability for having cultivated student on this basis is conducive to student and is formed during operation
Cooperation awareness.
(3) torque when ship generates longitudinal bending can be read directly in this experimental provision.In the ship model of this experimental provision
Under the premise of similarity theory design and fabrication, the experimental data of this experiment can map to practical ship, for assessing reality
The longitudinal strength of border ship.For having certain directive significance in engineering.
According to existing research, container ship is navigated by water across the sea, the size and geometry of ship be it is certain, float
Power and vessel draft, the wave-like met with across the sea, wave size and hull are related with the relative position of wave.It is very aobvious
Right hull encounters wave across the sea, and wave crest is steeper, and trough is flatter.When wave crest is located in ship or trough is located in ship,
The influence of buoyancy suffered by hull, which deforms its longitudinal bending, influences maximum.In general, wave to the hogging (in hang down) formed in ship,
It is curved so as to cause always indulging for hull that the external load that Horizontal bending moment and cargo load superposition are constituted acts on container hull
Song deformation.
(1) wave is to the hogging (in hang down) formed in ship
When container ship is navigated by water across the sea, due to the influence of wave, the arch of ship hangs down to deforming to be had for hydrostatic
Different degrees of aggravation.In the case where heading sea navigation, usually there are two types of situations for the vertical bending deformation of always indulging of container ship: in
Encircle (Fig. 1) -- midship protrusion, the sagging buckling deformation in head and the tail both ends.Such case typically occurs in ship weight
It is mainly distributed on the head and the tail position of ship, wave crest is located near midship.In hang down (Fig. 2) -- midship is small recessed, head and the tail two
Hold the buckling deformation upwarped.Such case, typically occurs in the middle part that ship weight is mainly distributed on ship, and trough is located at
Near midship.
(2) Horizontal bending moment
For container ship, due to the architectural characteristic of its large deck opening, cause the ability for resisting horizontal external
Weaker, generally horizontal bending deformation is more obvious, and the immediate cause for generating Horizontal bending moment is the level acted on hull
External force.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of measurement Large Container Ship
The experimental provision and experimental method of longitudinal strength pass through the difference of the volume of water in tri- independent water tank for loading of A, B, C, simulation
Hull to keep experiment true, is easily observed in the longitudinal bending by a certain moment of heading sea, has convincingness.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship of the invention, packet
Water tank for loading is included, is equipped with several partitions in the water tank for loading, water tank for loading is divided into several separate spaces by partition,
It is placed with ship model on partition, several T profiles and several weights are installed on ship model, if being also equipped on ship model
Dry foil gauge, foil gauge are connect with charge amplifier, and charge amplifier successively connects with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument, computer
It connects, circulating water pipe is installed at the both ends of water tank for loading, water circulating pump is installed on circulating water pipe.
Preferably, water tank for loading is divided into A, B, C three parts there are two the partitions.
Preferably, the partition is connect with ship model by flexible rubber film, partition and water tank for loading pass through glass cement
Connection, partition are equipped with aperture.
Preferably, the water of the circulating water pipe is entered in water tank for loading by current stabilization water tank, at the end of current stabilization water tank
Water speed instrument is equipped at mouthful, the present apparatus mainly realizes the water velocity under corresponding wave state, to consider Horizontal bending moment
It is a part for causing longitudinal bending, " the ship with large hatch openings torsion navigated by water in wave that seminar applies with before in this point
Experimental provision and operating method " with the difference in principle and test setting.
Preferably, the foil gauge is mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section.
Preferably, against waterline in the part B of water tank for loading equipped with glass backing plate, this device exists mainly for realization
In one coherent three-body water tank, the difference of existing height of water level, and water can be made to realize circulation in coherent three-body water tank.
Its principle is, although the water level in intermediate water tank B is higher than the water level of A, C water tank, since glass backing plate has delayed height to come out
Time for escaping toward two sides water tank A, C of water, so that dynamic water equilibrated state may be implemented in a certain instantaneous time.And this point
Seminar applies not available for " the ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device and operating method that navigate by water in wave " before being.
A kind of experimental method of the experimental provision of above-mentioned measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship, comprising the following steps:
(1) it injects water into water tank for loading, ship model is put into water tank for loading first at this time, adjust the balance of ship model, to
After ship model balance, flexible rubber film is sealed with the position that ship model is in contact with sealant, at corner and midship section
Foil gauge is installed；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading is divided into tri- parts A, B, C,
The height of the trough and wave crest under one of wave is first calculated before water filling, makes three to add during water filling at this time
The height of water level for carrying water tank A, B, C is in trough state simultaneously, and glass backing plate is then against waterline and is mounted on intermediate load
In water tank B；
(3) application for then carrying out container ship cargo load, first according to the loading layout drawing of real ship, by its ballast
Water, fuel oil and other items replace its gravity by weight of scaling factor before carries out, with weights, place it in ballast water,
Position of the fuel oil and other items on hull.Select weights that can preferably model various fuel as hull navigates by water subtract
It is few, so as to verify specific gravity shared when hull fuel is formed by bending Ship Hull, apply before seminar herein
" cargo loads unbalanced ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device and operating method " there is no in view of the fuel on hull
Played the role of.Secondly, we simulate container with T-steel material for the load on deck, according to the container cloth of real ship
Set that equivalent here is in line T-steel material along beam direction, one shares 7 rows.With it is secondary come simulate container for
The cargo load of hull.It selects T profile to line up herein and simulates container to the active force on deck relative to logical using water tank
Excess pressure bar carrys out transmission force and is more in line with actual conditions.At the same time, with seminar before apply " cargo loads uneven big
Opening ship torsion experiment device and operating method " in contrast it is more in line with reality.
(4) it is worked after completion more than, opening water circulating pump recycles water flowing, and the water level in water tank for loading is wave
Water level when paddy adds water in intermediate load water tank for loading B at this time, so that its height of water level is reached the height of water level of wave crest, so
Afterwards, the flow velocity of two current stabilization water tank port water is measured respectively with water speed instrument, the size by adjusting water circulating pump horsepower is thought
Water flow velocity (corresponding to the water flow velocity under wave state) is wanted, when ship model is by longitudinal bending, foil gauge will generate electric signal, lead to
It crosses charge amplifier to amplify signal, is analyzed eventually by multi-channel signal acquiring instrument with computer and show that always indulging of measuring is curved
Square, observation experiment phenomenon, and carry out arrangement experimental data；
(5) wave of different wave height correspond to different water velocities, trough and wave crest relative position it is poor.It was testing
The water velocity under the available different wave height of horsepower in journey by adjusting water circulating pump.At the same time, every time toward A, B, C tri-
The water of injection inequality in a water tank for loading, but water filling each time need to guarantee while the waterline height of A and C is equal lower than B
Interior waterline height, so as to realize that hull hull in different waves is in hogging condition always.It needs to infuse herein
Meaning, in adjustment tri- water tank for loading water level height of A, B, C every time, the position of the glass backing plate in water tank B also will be therewith
It is changed, keeps glass backing plate horizontal in the height in water tank B and the waterline in A, C water tank；The repeatedly matter of adjustment weights
Amount simulates the different working conditions such as the traveling fuel oil with ship, the reduction of ballast water slowly, last observation experiment phenomenon,
And carry out arrangement experimental data.
In the present invention, the ship model in experiment is made by flexible polyurethane foam, can guarantee to test ship model in this way
So that it is kept equilibrium state when not generating longitudinal bending with certain rigidity, can deform when by longitudinal bending,
It remains to return to original state after longitudinal bending disappearance.In the production process, entire ship model will be according to real ship according to certain for ship model
Scaling factor built.Water tank for loading its overall dimensions during production are greater than ship model.Choosing for weights
The counterweight of weight change very little is selected when taking, and to guarantee slowly to change the amount of being slightly variable of load during counterweight, make student
Influence for load to container longitudinal strength has deep understanding.T-steel material is mainly used to simulate container on deck
For the cargo load of hull.The main effect of partition in glass water tank for loading be water tank for loading is divided into it is several independent
Small water tank thereby may be ensured that the water of the injection inequality in each water tank.Partition is composed of two parts, and a part is
Flexible rubber film, another part are the glass plate of aperture.It is connected with flexible rubber film with hull at the position close to hull
It connects and then connect glass plate with water tank for loading in the other side glass cement of partition.Many holes are opened up on glass partition, are made whole
A big water tank for loading forms the three-body water tank of a perforation, so as to realize that water is recycle stream in entire big water tank for loading
Dynamic.
In the present invention, the effect of glass backing plate is primarily to form an instantaneous flowing pressure balance.Its principle
Be: when filling the water respectively toward three water tanks for second, we simulate hogging condition here, at this time the water in intermediate water tank B
Position is higher than the water level of A, C water tank, but due to the time that glass backing plate has delayed the high water come out to escape toward two sides water tank A, C,
To which dynamic water equilibrated state may be implemented in a certain instantaneous time.And this point be also before seminar apply " cargo load
Unbalanced ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device and operating method " not available for.
Circulating water pipe makes of rigid material, and the two sides of pipeline are connected with the two sides of water tank for loading, and pipe end is put
Set current stabilization water tank, it is therefore intended that the swift running water in circulating water pipe is dispersed into stable, uniform flowing water at a slow speed, is avoided to ship model
Local assault and attraction.The centre of pipeline connects with water circulating pump, is equipped with above-mentioned glass backing plate to form one
Temporary dynamic pressure balance.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
(1) this experimental provision is a kind of device for measuring Large Container Ship longitudinal bending.As the experiment dress in teaching
It sets, by the difference of the volume of water in tri- independent water tank for loading of A, B, C, simulates hull by the total of a certain moment that head sea
Buckling is easily observed to keep experiment true, has convincingness.
(2) numerical computation method and software of the existing longitudinal strength in relation to Large Container Ship are based only on theory,
Understand that comparison of getting up is abstract.And this experimental provision can make student understand the basic cause of hull generation longitudinal bending and always indulge curved
It is curved at basic principle, in an experiment ship model generate longitudinal bending, student can be made to the longitudinal strength problem of container ship
There is a visual understanding and understands.
(3) ship model is that certain deformation can occur after ship model is by external force made of special material, such
Visual effect, allows student's is with deep impression in teaching process.
(4) this experimental model has fully considered that cargo load is the important composition in container ship longitudinal bending forming process
Part makes test result more have convincingness by reasonably equivalent.
(5) measuring instrument of ship model measures the longitudinal bending that ship model is subject to, in this way can be used to illustrate ship model be because by
The deformation for acting on and generating to longitudinal bending.
(6) under the premise of the ship model of this experimental provision is according to similarity theory design and fabrication, the experiment number of this experiment
According to practical ship can be mapped to, for assessing the longitudinal strength of practical Large Container Ship.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is hogging schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 be in hang down schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the D-D cross-sectional view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the E-E cross-sectional view of Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship of the invention of the invention, packet
Water tank for loading 1 is included, is set in the water tank for loading 1 there are two partition 3, water tank for loading 1 is divided into A, B, C three parts, in partition 3
On be placed with ship model 4, partition 3 is connect with ship model 4 by flexible rubber film, and partition 3 and water tank for loading 1 pass through glass glue connection
It connects, partition 3 is equipped with aperture, several T profiles 7 and several weights 10 is equipped on ship model 4, on ship model 4 also
Several foil gauges 2 are installed, foil gauge 2 is mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section, foil gauge 2 and charge
Amplifier 11 connects, and charge amplifier 11 is successively connect with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument 12, computer 13, in water tank for loading 1
Both ends are equipped with circulating water pipe 5, and water circulating pump 8 is equipped on circulating water pipe 5, and the water of the circulating water pipe 5 passes through current stabilization water tank 5
It enters in water tank for loading 1, water speed instrument is equipped at the port of current stabilization water tank 5, againsts waterline in the part B of water tank for loading 1
Equipped with glass backing plate 9.
A kind of experimental method of the experimental provision of above-mentioned measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship, comprising the following steps:
(1) it injects water into water tank for loading 1, ship model 4 is put into water tank for loading 1 first at this time, adjustment ship model 4 is put down
The position that flexible rubber film is in contact with ship model 4 is sealed after the balance of ship model 4 with sealant by weighing apparatus, at corner in
Cross section is installed by foil gauge 2；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading 1 is divided for tri- portions A, B, C
Point, the height of the trough and wave crest under one of wave is first calculated before water filling, makes three during water filling at this time
The height of water level of a water tank for loading A, B, C are in trough state simultaneously, and glass backing plate 9 is then against waterline and is mounted on centre
In water tank for loading B；
(3) application for then carrying out container ship cargo load, first according to the loading layout drawing of real ship, by its ballast
Water, fuel oil and other items replace its gravity by weight of scaling factor before carries out, with weights 10, place it in ballast
The position of water, fuel oil and other items on hull, secondly, we simulate container with T-steel material for the load on deck, according to
The container of real ship arranges that equivalent here and T-steel material is in line along beam direction that one shares 7 rows.With secondary next
Container is simulated for the cargo load of hull；
(4) it is worked after completion more than, opening water circulating pump 8 recycles water flowing, adds at this time in intermediate load
It carries in water tank B and water is added by external container, its height of water level is made to reach the height of water level of wave crest, hull head and the tail position is simulated with this
It is located at wave crest in trough, ship and then measures the flow velocity of two current stabilization water tanks, 5 port water, respectively with water speed instrument by adjusting following
The size that 8 horsepowers of ring water pump obtains wanting water flow velocity, and when ship model 4 is by longitudinal bending, foil gauge 2 will generate electric signal, leads to
Charge amplifier 11 is crossed to amplify signal, analyzed eventually by multi-channel signal acquiring instrument with computer 13 obtain measure it is total
Vertical moment of flexure can repeatedly adjust the height of water level to simulate different waves, in adjustment water level height in the entire experiment process
When, the position of glass backing plate 9 will be also changed therewith；Adjust the quality of weights 10 repeatedly to simulate the row with ship
The different working conditions such as the reduction of fuel oil, ballast water slowly, last observation experiment phenomenon are sailed, and carries out arrangement experimental data.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of experimental provision for measuring Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship, it is characterised in that: including water tank for loading, the load
Several partitions are equipped in water tank, water tank for loading is divided into several separate spaces, ship model is placed on partition by partition,
Several T profiles and several weights are installed on ship model, are also equipped with several foil gauges on ship model, foil gauge with
Charge amplifier connection, charge amplifier are successively connect with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument, computer, are pacified at the both ends of water tank for loading
Equipped with circulating water pipe, water circulating pump is installed on circulating water pipe；
The experimental method of above-mentioned experimental provision are as follows:
(1) at the corner of ship model and midship section installs foil gauge, inject water into water tank for loading, ship model is put at this time plus
It carries in water tank, adjusts the balance of ship model, after ship model balance, flexible rubber film is in contact with ship model with sealant position
It is sealed；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading is divided into tri- parts A, B, C, is being infused
The height that the trough and wave crest under one of wave are first calculated before water, makes three load water during water filling at this time
The height of water level of case A, B, C are in trough state simultaneously, and glass backing plate is then against waterline and is mounted on intermediate water tank for loading B
It is interior；
(3) application for then carrying out container ship cargo load, first according to the loading layout drawing of real ship, by its ballast water and combustion
Oil replaces its gravity by weight of scaling factor carries out, with weights, places it in the position of ballast water and fuel oil on hull
It sets, secondly, simulating container with T-steel material for the load on deck, is arranged according to the container of real ship, it is equivalent by T-type
Steel are in line along beam direction；
(4) it is worked after completion more than, opening water circulating pump recycles water flowing, when the water level in water tank for loading is trough
Water level so that its height of water level is reached the height of water level of wave crest at this time in intermediate load water tank for loading B plus water, then, use
Water speed instrument measures the flow velocity of two current stabilization water tank port water respectively, obtains corresponding wave by adjusting the size of water circulating pump horsepower
Under flow velocity, when ship model is by longitudinal bending, foil gauge will generate electric signal, be amplified signal by charge amplifier, most
The total vertical moment of flexure for obtaining and measuring, observation experiment phenomenon are analyzed by multi-channel signal acquiring instrument and computer eventually, and is carried out whole
Manage experimental data；
(5) water of inequality is injected in tri- water tank for loading of A, B, C, but water filling need to guarantee the waterline height phase of A and C each time
Lower than the waterline height in B whiles equal, the quality of weights is adjusted to simulate the traveling fuel oil and ballast water with ship
The different operating conditions of variation, last observation experiment phenomenon, and carry out arrangement experimental data.
2. it is according to claim 1 measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship experimental provision, it is characterised in that: it is described every
There are two plates, and water tank for loading is divided into A, B, C three parts.
3. it is according to claim 2 measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship experimental provision, it is characterised in that: it is described every
Plate is connect with ship model by flexible rubber film, and by glass glue connection, partition is equipped with aperture for partition and water tank for loading.
4. the experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: institute
The water for stating circulating water pipe is entered in water tank for loading by current stabilization water tank, and water speed instrument is equipped at the port of current stabilization water tank.
5. the experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described to answer
Become piece to be mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section.
6. the experimental provision of measurement Longitudinal Strength of Large Container Ship according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: loading
Waterline is against in the part B of water tank equipped with glass backing plate.
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| CN110987398B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Stay cable bridge type cabin total longitudinal bending strength experiment method and special device |
| CN114789780B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏科技大学 | Experimental platform for simulating container ship to overcome water elasticity |
| CN117877370A (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-04-12 | 上海国际港务（集团）股份有限公司 | Wharf electromagnetic mooring simulation experiment system |
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