CN106847007A - A kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model - Google Patents

A kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106847007A
CN106847007A CN201710190047.2A CN201710190047A CN106847007A CN 106847007 A CN106847007 A CN 106847007A CN 201710190047 A CN201710190047 A CN 201710190047A CN 106847007 A CN106847007 A CN 106847007A
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gripping
push rod
motor
support
regulation
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谢秋晨
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/08Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
    • G09B23/10Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model, including base, inclination-angle regulating device, variable track, catapult-launching gear and acceleration of gravity test device, inclination-angle regulating device for variable track Slope angle adjustment is arranged on base upper left side, variable track is located at directly over inclination-angle regulating device, catapult-launching gear is located at variable track left side, acceleration of gravity test device is located at variable track right side, and variable track, catapult-launching gear and acceleration of gravity test device are arranged side by side.The present invention is with angular adjustment, runway conversion, object emission and simultaneously multigroup function of testing gravity, realize one-machine-multi-function, friction effects factor authentication and object acceleration of gravity determination experiment can be completed, compact conformation, it is simple to operate, for Physics Classroom Teaching provides new experimental demonstration model, teachers ' teaching is facilitated, also improve the cognitive ability of student.

Description

A kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model
Technical field
The present invention relates to teaching mode technical field, specifically a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model.
Background technology
In usual physics teaching, acceleration of gravity is an object by accelerating for having in the case of Action of Gravity Field Degree, the measure of acceleration of gravity is often related in physics teaching, at present test acceleration of gravity method have single pendulum method, Chute method, dotted timer measurement mensuration and method of dripping etc., wherein chute method is once tested can only determine one group of data, pass through Averaged again after multigroup measurement, and supplemental characteristic test is inconvenient, time and effort consuming;In addition, checking frictional force size with Relation between surface roughness degree and gravity size is also the normal experiment being related in physics teaching, and this block reality is designed at present The equipment tested is mostly fixed, and modulability is poor, and is also single group single experiment;In consideration of it, the present invention will verify frictional force The experiment of the relation between size and surface roughness degree and gravity size and object acceleration of gravity determination experiment are combined Together, there is provided a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model.
The content of the invention
In order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model.
The present invention to be solved its technical problem and be realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model, including base, inclination-angle regulating device, variable track, ejection dress Put and be arranged on base upper left side with acceleration of gravity test device, the inclination-angle regulating device for variable track Slope angle adjustment, Variable track is located at directly over inclination-angle regulating device, and catapult-launching gear is located at variable track left side, acceleration of gravity test device position It is arranged side by side in variable track right side, and variable track, catapult-launching gear and acceleration of gravity test device.
Further, described inclination-angle regulating device includes U-shaped support, regulation platform, regulation ear mount, regulation bearing pin, screens Spring, upper hinge, regulation connecting rod, lower hinge, mobile sliding block, directive slide track, steel wire rope, winding wheel and winding motor;Described U Type support stands upside down and arranges, U-shaped mid-stent is provided with dividing plate, and U-shaped support right-hand member is provided with wire guide, and regulation platform is located at U-shaped Support top, regulation ear mount is located at U-shaped support right-hand end, and regulation platform dextral end is connected by adjusting bearing pin with regulation ear mount, Screens lower spring end is fixed on U-shaped support left end, and screens spring upper end is fixed on regulation platform sinistral end, and regulation connecting rod is located at U-shaped Between support and regulation platform, and regulation small end is connected by upper hinge with regulation platform middle part, regulation connecting rod lower end It is arranged on mobile upper end of slide block face by lower hinge, mobile sliding block is arranged on directive slide track, and steel wire rope one end is fixed on shifting On movable slider, the steel wire rope other end is wrapped on winding wheel through the wire guide of U-shaped support right-hand member, and winding wheel is fixed on winding electricity On the output shaft of machine, winding motor is fixed on the dividing plate of U-shaped mid-stent;By the steel wire rope of rotarily driving of winding motor Shrink, so as to drive motion of the mobile sliding block on directive slide track, because the position for adjusting small end is fixed, regulation connects The position of bar lower end changes with the movement of mobile sliding block, so as to adjust level inclination between connecting rod and regulation platform progressively Become big, realize the adjustment function of regulation plateau slope;Inclination-angle regulating device can be used for the horizontal tilt angle of variable track Regulation, and easy to adjust quick, stability is high, and bearing capacity is strong.
Further, described variable track includes drive mechanism, rotation runway and blocking mechanism;Described rotation runway position Between drive mechanism and blocking mechanism, and drive mechanism, rotation runway and blocking mechanism are arranged side by side.
Further, described drive mechanism includes lifting-up support, longitudinal motor, drive screw, laterally pole bracket, electricity Machine, drive shaft, drive gear and rotary shaft;Both sides are respectively arranged with jacking push rod, jacking before and after described lifting-up support lower end Connecting spring is provided with pedestal lower end medium position, jacking push rod upper end is provided with right angle setting plate, and lifting-up support outside sets Stripe board is equipped with, longitudinal motor is fixed on lifting-up support upper surface side, and drive screw one end is connected with longitudinal motor output shaft Connect, the drive screw other end is provided with discontiguous area through the right angle setting plate on lifting-up support upper surface in drive screw Screw thread, pole bracket is located at lifting-up support inner side, and cross motor is arranged on pole bracket top end, and cross motor is exported for twin shaft Motor, output shaft is connected with drive shaft one end on the outside of cross motor, and the drive shaft other end is arranged on the bar on the outside of lifting-up support On shape plate, drive gear is fixed at the medium position of drive shaft, and drive gear is meshed with the screw thread in drive screw, laterally Motor inner side output shaft is connected with rotary shaft;When the screw thread of the discontiguous area in drive screw is meshed with drive gear, The rotation of drive screw is rotarily driven by longitudinal motor, so as to drive rotation synchronous with the coaxial mounted drive shaft of drive gear Turn, because cross motor uses twin shaft output motor, and then realize the synchronization of rotary shaft and rotate in same direction, reached synchronization Rotational transform rotates the effect of runway;When the screw thread of the discontiguous area in drive screw is separated with drive gear, by horizontal stroke The rotation of rotary shaft is driven to the rotation of motor, so as to the conversion of runway is rotated, individually unidirectionally controlled rotation is realized and is run The effect of road conversion;Drive mechanism is meshed or separated by the screw thread of the discontiguous area in drive screw with drive gear, real Show overall driving and be operated alone, Integral synchronous conversion and independent monotonic transformation can have been carried out to rotation runway, and control is simple, Stable drive.
Further, described rotation runway is square cylinder structure, and axis hole is provided through at rotation runway medium position, The first semi-circular recesses, the second semi-circular recesses, the 3rd semicircle are disposed with four sides for rotating runway respectively recessed Groove and the 4th semi-circular recesses, are provided with rubber blanket, along its axial direction on the second semi-circular recesses on the first semi-circular recesses Convex bar is evenly arranged with, frosted article, the 4th semi-circular recesses are evenly arranged with along its axial direction on the 3rd semi-circular recesses On be provided with smooth aluminium flake pad;Rotation runway has four the first semi-circular recesses of different surface roughness, the second semicircle Groove, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th semi-circular recesses, and conversion simple and fast, by rotating the rotation transformation of runway, can The relation of testing surface roughness and object of which movement frictional force.
Further, described blocking mechanism includes gantry support, stops motor, stop driving wheel, stop driven pulley, stop Transmission belt and stop oar;Described gantry support upper end is provided with arc-shaped concave, and both sides are respectively symmetrically setting before and after arc-shaped concave There is installation ear mount, stop that motor is located at gantry support side, stop that driving wheel is fixed on stop motor output shaft, stop actively It is attached using stop transmission belt between wheel and stop driven pulley, stops that oar middle part is evenly arranged with bar shaped along its circumferential direction Baffle plate, stops that oar two ends are separately mounted to before and after arc-shaped concave in the installation ear mount of both sides, and stop that oar is same with stop driven pulley Axle installs connection;Blocking mechanism is mainly used in the interception to testing spheroid, while being hindered using stopping that motor is driven by V belt translation The rotation of oar is kept off, so as to drive the rotation for stopping the strip-shaped baffle that oar middle part is uniformly arranged along its circumferential direction, has been reached and has been surveyed The effect of experiment spheroid is pushed during examination object acceleration of gravity, there is blocking mechanism stop interception test spheroid and rotation to push examination The double action of spheroid is tested, and it is simple and practical.
Further, described catapult-launching gear includes L-type support, ejection push rod, gripping manipulator, holddown spring and position restrainer Structure;Described ejection push rod is equidistantly arranged side by side between L-type support and gripping manipulator, and ejection push rod one end and L-type Support is connected, and the ejection push rod other end is connected with gripping manipulator, and holddown spring is wrapped on ejection push rod, position-limit mechanism Quantity is two, and position-limit mechanism is respectively symmetrically the both sides before and after gripping manipulator.
Further, described gripping manipulator include ejection transverse slat, gripping ear mount, gripping ship and resell on another market, grip claw, grip push away Bar and gripping hinge;Described gripping ear mount is respectively symmetrically arrangement along ejection transverse slat longitudinal center axis, and gripping claw lower end leads to Cross gripping to ship and resell on another market in gripping ear mount, gripping claw is arc shape prong structure, and wedge is provided with gripping claw madial wall Shape blade tooth, gripping push rod is located at gripping claw outside, and gripping push rod upper end by gripping hinge with gripping claw lateral wall phase Connection, gripping push rod lower end is connected by gripping hinge with ejection transverse slat;Folder is realized by the stretching motion for gripping push rod The opening and closing of card taking pawl, so as to reach the function to the crawl of experiment spheroid and release, and the tight jail of crawl, release is quick.
Further, described position-limit mechanism includes limiting plate, spacing push rod, limit top plate, spacing snap fit, connects hinge With opening and closing push rod;Described spacing push rod is located between limiting plate and limit top plate, and spacing snap fit rear end passes through connects hinge It is connected with limit top plate, spacing snap fit front end is pressed against on ejection transverse slat, and opening and closing push rod one end is movably articulated in limit top plate On, the opening and closing push rod other end is movably articulated on spacing snap fit madial wall;Position-limit mechanism is used for the spacing receipts to gripping manipulator Tight and release is launched.
Catapult-launching gear operation principle:When before experiment ball-shooting, spacing snap fit presses the ejection transverse slat on gripping manipulator Push down, during transmitting, opening and closing push rod carries out stretching exercise, so as to drive the lateral movement outward of spacing snap fit, spacing snap fit is horizontal with ejection Plate realizes separation, and gripping manipulator is launched away under the active force of holddown spring, meanwhile, transported by the contraction for gripping push rod It is dynamic to drive gripping claw toward movement outside, the release function to testing spheroid is realized, complete the mistake to testing sphere ejection Journey, after experiment ball-shooting is outgoing, the motion of spacing snap fit is being driven by spacing push rod stretching routine, when limiting card hook joint During ejection transverse slat on nearly gripping manipulator, opening and closing push rod carries out contractile motion, so as to drive the lateral movement inside of spacing snap fit, limits Position snap fit press ejection transverse slat after, then by spacing push rod contractile motion by gripping manipulator shrink back come;Catapult-launching gear profit Experiment spheroid can be launched with the active force of spring-compressed, for experiment spheroid provides power source, and emission principle is simple It is practical;Its gripping manipulator can be to the crawl of experiment spheroid and release, the tight jail of crawl, and release is quickly;Meanwhile, its position-limit mechanism can be right Gripping manipulator spacing tighten up and discharge ejection.
By using cooperatively for inclination-angle regulating device, variable track and catapult-launching gear, can complete " checking frictional force size with The Physical Experiment of the relation between surface roughness degree and gravity size ", specific experiment process is as follows:
First, by the angle of inclination of the adjustable variable track of inclination-angle regulating device, using drive screw in drive mechanism On the screw thread of discontiguous area when being meshed with drive gear, realize that the synchronization of rotary shaft rotates in same direction, reached synchronous axial system The effect of conversion rotation runway, the first semi-circular recesses that three variable tracks are adjusted to mutually to unify, the second semi-circular recesses, 3rd semi-circular recesses or the 4th semi-circular recesses, therefore can ensure that the surface roughness degree on each variable track is identical; Then the experiment spheroid of different gravity sizes is gripped respectively using three gripping manipulators, will test spheroid by catapult-launching gear sends out Penetrate outgoing, the experiment spheroid of three different gravity sizes that observation is emitted simultaneously reaches blocking mechanism by variable track Sequencing, you can complete the Physical Experiment of " relation between checking frictional force size and gravity size ";Pass through driving machine again When the screw thread of the discontiguous area in structure in drive screw is separated with drive gear, rotary shaft is driven by the rotation of cross motor Rotation, so as to the conversion of runway is rotated, three variable tracks are adjusted to the first different semi-circular recesses, the second half Circular groove, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th semi-circular recesses, therefore the surface roughness on three variable tracks can be ensured Degree is different;Finally grip the experiment spheroid of identical gravity size respectively using three gripping manipulators, will by catapult-launching gear Experiment ball-shooting is gone out, and three experiment spheroids of identical gravity size that observation is emitted simultaneously are reached by variable track The sequencing of blocking mechanism, you can complete the physics reality of " relation between checking frictional force size and surface roughness degree " Test.
Further, described acceleration of gravity test device includes test slideway, positioning sand basin, measurement motor, measurement silk Thick stick, travelling nut, measure support, I-beam wheel of usheing to seat and measurement tape measure;Described test slideway sloping portion is provided with and base The riser being mutually fixedly connected, test slideway horizontal component is provided with the fixed mount being connected to a fixed with base, and positioning sand basin is located at Test slideway front-right, measurement motor is located at the front and rear both sides of positioning sand basin respectively, and measurement leading screw one end is connected with measurement motor Connect, the measurement leading screw other end is connected with positioning sand basin lateral wall, travelling nut is arranged on measurement leading screw, measures pedestal lower end It is fixed on travelling nut upper surface, I-beam wheel of usheing to seat lower end is provided with the hold-down support being connected with test slideway, work of usheing to seat Character wheel upper end is provided with tape spool wheel body, and measurement tape measure one ends wound measures tape measure on the tape spool wheel body for usheing to seat I-beam wheel upper end The other end is fixed on measurement pedestal upper end.
It is as follows using chute method measure acceleration of gravity detailed process using acceleration of gravity test device:First, stop Motor drives the rotation for stopping oar by V belt translation, so as to drive stop that oar middle part keeps off along the bar shaped that its circumferential direction is uniformly arranged The rotation of plate, will stay on the experiment spheroid that variable track end remains static and gently releases, and experiment spheroid is slided from test Road is freely rolled out, and experiment spheroid is dropped in positioning sand basin by after test slideway sloping portion and test slideway horizontal component, And record experiment spheroid with stopwatch and drop to time T used in positioning sand basin from test slideway horizontal component end;Then The vertical range H between test slideway sloping portion top and test slideway horizontal component is measured with ruler;Again by measurement The rotation for rotarily driving measurement leading screw of motor, so as to realize moving horizontally for travelling nut, drives measurement tape measure from work of usheing to seat Character wheel pull-up is pulled to be come, to measure particular location and test slideway horizontal component that experiment spheroid drops in sand basin is positioned Horizontal range S between end, the data determined according to more than, and the weight of experiment spheroid can be tested out with reference to kinematics formula Power acceleration g=S/2HT, so as to the experiment that the acceleration of gravity for completing experiment spheroid is determined, acceleration of gravity test device Multi-group data can be just drawn by once testing, falling sphere particular location point can precisely be determined using positioning sand basin, while Be capable of achieving the function of automatic measurement falling sphere distance, it is simple and practical, can quick multigroup test object acceleration of gravity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below:
(1) present invention is realized with angular adjustment, runway conversion, object emission and simultaneously multigroup function of testing gravity One-machine-multi-function, can complete friction effects factor authentication and object acceleration of gravity determination experiment, and compact conformation is simple to operate It is convenient, for Physics Classroom Teaching provides new experimental demonstration model, teachers ' teaching is facilitated, also improve the cognition of student Ability.
(2) inclination-angle regulating device of the invention can be used for the regulation of the horizontal tilt angle of variable track, and easy to adjust Quickly, stability is high, and bearing capacity is strong.
(3) drive mechanism of the invention is meshed by the screw thread of the discontiguous area in drive screw or divided with drive gear From, realize entirety and drive and be operated alone, Integral synchronous conversion and independent monotonic transformation, and control can be carried out to rotation runway Simply, stable drive.
(4) rotation runway of the invention has four the first semi-circular recesses of different surface roughness, the second semicircle Groove, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th semi-circular recesses, and conversion simple and fast, by rotating the rotation transformation of runway, can The relation of testing surface roughness and object of which movement frictional force.
(5) blocking mechanism of the invention has the double action for stopping interception test spheroid and rotation push experiment spheroid, And it is simple and practical.
(6) catapult-launching gear of the invention can be launched experiment spheroid using the active force of spring-compressed, be test ball Body provides power source, and emission principle is simple and practical;Its gripping manipulator can be tight to the crawl of experiment spheroid and release, crawl Jail, release is quick;Meanwhile, its position-limit mechanism can carry out spacing tightening up and discharging ejection to gripping manipulator.
(7) acceleration of gravity test device of the invention can just draw multi-group data by once testing, using fixed Position sand basin can precisely determine falling sphere particular location point, while the function of automatic measurement falling sphere distance can be also realized, simple structure reality With, can quick multigroup test object acceleration of gravity.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is dimensional structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram after present invention removal acceleration of gravity test device;
Fig. 3 is the dimensional structure diagram of inclination-angle regulating device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram after inclination-angle regulating device removal regulation platform of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the dimensional structure diagram of variable track of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the dimensional structure diagram of drive mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the dimensional structure diagram of present invention rotation runway;
Fig. 8 is the dimensional structure diagram of catapult-launching gear of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the dimensional structure diagram of acceleration of gravity test device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, tie below Conjunction is specifically illustrating, and the present invention is expanded on further.
As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model, including base 1, inclination-angle regulating device 2nd, variable track 3, catapult-launching gear 4 and acceleration of gravity test device 5, for the tilt adjustment of the Slope angle adjustment of variable track 3 Device 2 is arranged on the upper left side of base 1, and variable track 3 is located at directly over inclination-angle regulating device 2, and catapult-launching gear 4 is located at variable track 3 left sides, acceleration of gravity test device 5 is located at the right side of variable track 3, and variable track 3, catapult-launching gear 4 and acceleration of gravity Test device 5 is arranged side by side.
Described inclination-angle regulating device 2 includes U-shaped support 21, regulation platform 22, regulation ear mount 23, regulation bearing pin 24, card Position spring 25, upper hinge 26, regulation connecting rod 27, lower hinge 28, mobile sliding block 29, directive slide track 210, steel wire rope 211, winding wheel 212 and winding motor 213;Described U-shaped support 21 stands upside down and arranges, the middle part of U-shaped support 21 is provided with dividing plate, and U-shaped support 21 is right End is provided with wire guide, and regulation platform 22 is located at the top of U-shaped support 21, and regulation ear mount 23 is located at the right-hand end of U-shaped support 21, regulation The right-hand member of platform 22 is connected by adjusting bearing pin 24 with regulation ear mount 23, and the lower end of screens spring 25 is fixed on the left end of U-shaped support 21, The upper end of screens spring 25 is fixed on the regulation left end of platform 22, and regulation connecting rod 27 is located between U-shaped support 21 and regulation platform 22, and Regulation connecting rod 27 upper end is connected by upper hinge 26 with the middle part of regulation platform 22, and regulation connecting rod 27 lower end is pacified by lower hinge 28 On the mobile upper surface of sliding block 29, mobile sliding block 29 is arranged on directive slide track 210, and the one end of steel wire rope 211 is fixed on movement On sliding block 29, the other end of steel wire rope 211 is wrapped on winding wheel 212 through the wire guide of the right-hand member of U-shaped support 21, winding wheel 212 It is fixed on the output shaft of winding motor 213, winding motor 213 is fixed on the dividing plate at the middle part of U-shaped support 21;By winding electricity Machine 213 rotarily drives the contraction of steel wire rope 211, so that drive motion of the mobile sliding block 29 on directive slide track 210, due to adjusting The position of section connecting rod 27 upper end is fixed, and the position of regulation connecting rod 27 lower end changes with the movement of mobile sliding block 29, from And the level inclination adjusted between connecting rod 27 and regulation platform 22 progressively becomes big, the adjustment work(of the regulation gradient of platform 22 is realized Energy;Inclination-angle regulating device 2 can be used for the regulation of the horizontal tilt angle of variable track 3, and easy to adjust quick, and stability is high, Bearing capacity is strong.
Described variable track 3 includes drive mechanism 31, rotation runway 32 and blocking mechanism 33;Described rotation runway 32 Between drive mechanism 31 and blocking mechanism 33, and drive mechanism 31, rotation runway 32 and blocking mechanism 33 are arranged side by side.
Described drive mechanism 31 include lifting-up support 311, longitudinal motor 312, drive screw 313, pole bracket 314, Cross motor 315, drive shaft 316, drive gear 317 and rotary shaft 318;Both sides point before and after the described lower end of lifting-up support 311 Jacking push rod not being provided with, connecting spring being provided with the lower end medium position of lifting-up support 311, jacking push rod upper end is provided with vertical Straight installing plate, the outside of lifting-up support 311 is provided with stripe board, and longitudinal motor 312 is fixed on the upper surface side of lifting-up support 311, The one end of drive screw 313 is connected with the output shaft of longitudinal motor 312, and the other end of drive screw 313 passes through the upper end of lifting-up support 311 Right angle setting plate on face, is provided with the screw thread of discontiguous area in drive screw 313, pole bracket 314 is located at lifting-up support 311 Inner side, cross motor 315 is arranged on the top end of pole bracket 314, and cross motor 315 is twin shaft output motor, cross motor 315 Outside output shaft is connected with the one end of drive shaft 316, and the other end of drive shaft 316 is arranged on the stripe board in the outside of lifting-up support 311 On, drive gear 317 is fixed at the medium position of drive shaft 316, the screw thread phase in drive gear 317 and drive screw 313 Engagement, the inner side output shaft of cross motor 315 is connected with rotary shaft 318;When the discontiguous area in drive screw 313 screw thread with When drive gear 317 is meshed, the rotation of drive screw 313 is rotarily driven by longitudinal motor 312, so as to drive and drive The coaxial mounted synchronous rotary of drive shaft 316 of gear 317, because cross motor 315 uses twin shaft output motor, Jin Ershi The synchronization for having showed rotary shaft 318 rotates in same direction, and has reached the effect of synchronous axial system conversion rotation runway 32;When drive screw 313 On screw thread and the drive gear 317 of discontiguous area when being separated, rotary shaft 318 is driven by the rotation of cross motor 315 Rotation, so as to the conversion of runway 32 is rotated, realizes the effect of individually unidirectionally controlled rotation runway 32 conversion;Drive mechanism 31 are meshed or separated by the screw threads of the discontiguous area in drive screw 313 with drive gear 317, realize it is overall drive with It is operated alone, Integral synchronous conversion and independent monotonic transformation can be carried out to rotation runway 32, and control is simple, stable drive.
Described rotation runway 32 is square cylinder structure, and axis hole is provided through at the rotation medium position of runway 32, is revolved Turn to be disposed with respectively on four sides of runway 32 first semi-circular recesses, the second semi-circular recesses, the 3rd semicircle recessed Groove and the 4th semi-circular recesses, are provided with rubber blanket, along its axial direction on the second semi-circular recesses on the first semi-circular recesses Convex bar is evenly arranged with, frosted article, the 4th semi-circular recesses are evenly arranged with along its axial direction on the 3rd semi-circular recesses On be provided with smooth aluminium flake pad;Rotation runway 32 has four the first semi-circular recesses, second semicircles of different surface roughness Connected in star, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th semi-circular recesses, and conversion simple and fast, are become by the rotation for rotating runway 32 Change, can testing surface roughness and object of which movement frictional force relation.
Described blocking mechanism 33 includes gantry support 331, stops motor 332, stop driving wheel 333, stop driven pulley 334th, stop transmission belt 335 and stop oar 336;The described upper end of gantry support 331 is provided with arc-shaped concave, before and after arc-shaped concave Both sides are respectively symmetrically and are provided with installation ear mount, stop that motor 332 is located at the side of gantry support 331, stop that driving wheel 333 is fixed on Stop on the output shaft of motor 332, stop and connected using stop transmission belt 335 between driving wheel 333 and stop driven pulley 334 Connect, stop that the middle part of oar 336 is evenly arranged with strip-shaped baffle along its circumferential direction, stop that the two ends of oar 336 are separately mounted to arc recessed After in front in the installation ear mount of both sides, and stop oar 336 is co-axially mounted with stop driven pulley 334 and is connected;Blocking mechanism 33 is main For the interception to testing spheroid, while using rotation of the motor 332 by V belt translation drive stop oar 336 is stopped, so that band The dynamic rotation for stopping the strip-shaped baffle that the middle part of oar 336 is uniformly arranged along its circumferential direction, has reached and has accelerated in test object gravity The effect of experiment spheroid is pushed when spending, there is blocking mechanism 33 stop interception test spheroid and rotation to push the dual of experiment spheroid Effect, and it is simple and practical.
Described catapult-launching gear 4 includes L-type support 41, ejection push rod 42, gripping manipulator 43, holddown spring 44 and spacing Mechanism 45;Described ejection push rod 42 is equidistantly arranged side by side between L-type support 41 and gripping manipulator 43, and ejection push rod 42 one end are connected with L-type support 41, and the ejection other end of push rod 42 is connected with gripping manipulator 43, and holddown spring 44 is wrapped in On ejection push rod 42, the quantity of position-limit mechanism 45 is two, and position-limit mechanism 45 is respectively symmetrically the both sides before and after gripping manipulator 43.
Described gripping manipulator 43 includes ejection transverse slat 431, gripping ear mount 432, grips 433, gripping claw of shipping and reselling on another market 434th, gripping push rod 435 and gripping hinge 436;Described gripping ear mount 432 is right respectively along the ejection longitudinal center axis of transverse slat 431 Claim arrangement, the gripping lower end of claw 434 ships and resell on another market 433 in gripping ear mount 432 by gripping, and gripping claw 434 is arc shape Prong structure, is provided with wedge-shaped blade tooth on the gripping madial wall of claw 434, gripping push rod 435 is located at the outside of gripping claw 434, and The gripping upper end of push rod 435 is connected by gripping hinge 436 with the gripping lateral wall of claw 434, and gripping push rod 435 lower end is by folder Hinge 436 is taken to be connected with ejection transverse slat 431;Opening for gripping claw 434 is realized by the stretching motion for gripping push rod 435 Close, so as to reach the function to the crawl of experiment spheroid and release, and the tight jail of crawl, release is quick.
Described position-limit mechanism 45 include limiting plate 451, spacing push rod 452, limit top plate 453, spacing snap fit 454, Connects hinge 455 and opening and closing push rod 456;Described spacing push rod 452 is located between limiting plate 451 and limit top plate 453, limit The position rear end of snap fit 454 is connected by connects hinge 455 with limit top plate 453, and the front end of spacing snap fit 454 is pressed against ejection transverse slat On 431, the one end of opening and closing push rod 456 is movably articulated in limit top plate 453, and the other end of opening and closing push rod 456 is movably articulated in spacing On the madial wall of snap fit 454;Position-limit mechanism 45 is used to that the spacing of gripping manipulator 43 to be tightened up and discharge ejection.
The operation principle of catapult-launching gear 4:When before experiment ball-shooting, spacing snap fit 454 is by the ejection on gripping manipulator 43 Transverse slat 431 is pressed, and during transmitting, opening and closing push rod 456 carries out stretching exercise, so as to drive spacing snap fit 454 toward movement outside, is limited Position snap fit 454 is realized with ejection transverse slat 431 and separated, and gripping manipulator 43 is launched away under the active force of holddown spring 44, Meanwhile, drive gripping claw 434 toward movement outside by the contractile motion for gripping push rod 435, realize and experiment spheroid is released Playing function, completes the process to testing sphere ejection, after experiment ball-shooting is outgoing, is stretched by spacing push rod 452 Motion drives the motion of spacing snap fit 454, when ejection transverse slat 431 of the spacing snap fit 454 close on gripping manipulator 43, opening and closing Push rod 456 carries out contractile motion, so as to drive spacing snap fit 454 toward medial motion, spacing snap fit 454 presses ejection transverse slat After 431, then by the contractile motion of spacing push rod 452 by gripping manipulator 43 shrink back come;Catapult-launching gear 4 is using spring-compressed Active force can be launched experiment spheroid, and for experiment spheroid provides power source, and emission principle is simple and practical;Its catching device Tool hand 43 can be to the crawl of experiment spheroid and release, the tight jail of crawl, and release is quickly;Meanwhile, its position-limit mechanism 45 can be to gripping machinery Hand 43 spacing tighten up and discharge ejection.
By using cooperatively for inclination-angle regulating device 2, variable track 3 and catapult-launching gear 4, can complete " to verify that frictional force is big The Physical Experiment of relation small and between surface roughness degree and gravity size ", specific experiment process is as follows:
First, the angle of inclination of variable track 3 is can adjust by inclination-angle regulating device 2, is driven using in drive mechanism 31 When the screw thread of the discontiguous area on screw rod 313 is meshed with drive gear 317, realize that the synchronization of rotary shaft 318 rotates in same direction, reach Arrive the effect of synchronous axial system conversion rotation runway 32, the first semi-circular recesses that three variable tracks 3 are adjusted to mutually to unify, Second semi-circular recesses, the 3rd semi-circular recesses or the 4th semi-circular recesses, therefore the surface on each variable track 3 can be ensured Roughness degree is identical;Then the experiment spheroid of different gravity sizes is gripped respectively using three gripping manipulators 43, by bullet Injection device 4 is gone out ball-shooting is tested, and the experiment spheroids of three different gravity sizes that observation is emitted simultaneously pass through can Become the sequencing that track 3 reaches blocking mechanism 33, you can complete " relation between checking frictional force size and gravity size " Physical Experiment;It is separated with drive gear 317 by the screw thread of the discontiguous area in drive screw 313 in drive mechanism 31 again When, the rotation of rotary shaft 318 is driven by the rotation of cross motor 315, so as to the conversion of runway 32 is rotated, can by three It is semicircle recessed that change track 3 is adjusted to the first different semi-circular recesses, the second semi-circular recesses, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th Groove, therefore can ensure that the surface roughness degree on three variable tracks 3 is different;Finally distinguished using three gripping manipulators 43 The experiment spheroid of identical gravity size is gripped, is gone out ball-shooting is tested by catapult-launching gear 4, what observation was emitted simultaneously The experiment spheroid of three identical gravity sizes reaches the sequencing of blocking mechanism 33 by variable track 3, you can complete " checking The Physical Experiment of the relation between frictional force size and surface roughness degree ".
Further, described acceleration of gravity test device 5 include test slideway 51, positioning sand basin 52, measurement motor 53, Measurement leading screw 54, travelling nut 55, measurement support 56, I-beam wheel of usheing to seat 57 and measurement tape measure 58;Described test slideway 51 inclines Inclined portion sets up the riser for being equipped with and being mutually fixedly connected with base 1 separately, and the test horizontal component of slideway 51 is provided with and is connected to a fixed with base 1 Fixed mount, positioning sand basin 52 be located at test the front-right of slideway 51, measurement motor 53 respectively be located at positioning sand basin 52 front and rear two Side, measurement one end of leading screw 54 is connected with measurement motor 53, and the measurement other end of leading screw 54 is connected with the positioning lateral wall of sand basin 52, Travelling nut 55 is arranged on measurement leading screw 54, and measurement support 56 lower end is fixed on the upper surface of travelling nut 55, I-shaped of usheing to seat Take turns 57 lower ends and be provided with the hold-down support being connected with test slideway 51, the upper end of I-beam wheel of usheing to seat 57 is provided with tape spool wheel body, surveys On the tape spool wheel body for usheing to seat the upper end of I-beam wheel 57, the measurement other end of tape measure 58 is fixed on measurement support to the amount one ends wound of tape measure 58 56 upper ends.
It is as follows using chute method measure acceleration of gravity detailed process using acceleration of gravity test device 5:First, stop Motor 332 drives the rotation for stopping oar 336 by V belt translation, so as to drive the middle part of stop oar 336 uniformly to be set along its circumferential direction The rotation of the strip-shaped baffle put, will stay on the experiment spheroid that the end of variable track 3 remains static and gently releases, test ball Body is freely rolled out from test slideway 51, and experiment spheroid falls by after the test sloping portion of slideway 51 and the test horizontal component of slideway 51 Fall in positioning sand basin 52, and experiment spheroid is recorded with stopwatch and drop to positioning sand basin from test slideway 51 horizontal component end Time T used in 52;Then measure the test sloping portion top of slideway 51 with ruler and test slideway 51 horizontal part divides it Between vertical range H;Again by the rotation for rotarily driving measurement leading screw 54 of measurement motor 53, so as to realize travelling nut 55 Move horizontally, drive measurement tape measure 58 to pull from the pull-up of I-beam wheel 57 of usheing to seat, dropped in positioning to measure experiment spheroid The horizontal range S between particular location and test slideway 51 horizontal component end in sand basin 52, the data determined according to more than, And gravity acceleration g=the S/2HT for testing spheroid can be tested out with reference to kinematics formula, so as to complete the weight of experiment spheroid The experiment that power acceleration is determined, acceleration of gravity test device can just draw multi-group data by once testing, using fixed Position sand basin 52 can precisely determine falling sphere particular location point, while can also realize the function of automatic measurement falling sphere distance, simple structure Practicality, can quick multigroup test object acceleration of gravity.
The basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the description in above-described embodiment and specification is to illustrate of the invention Principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these change and change Enter all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and its equivalent Define.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model, it is characterised in that:Including base, inclination-angle regulating device, rail-variable Road, catapult-launching gear and acceleration of gravity test device, the inclination-angle regulating device for variable track Slope angle adjustment are arranged on bottom Seat upper left side, variable track is located at directly over inclination-angle regulating device, and catapult-launching gear is located at variable track left side, and acceleration of gravity is surveyed Trial assembly is arranged side by side setting in variable track right side, and variable track, catapult-launching gear and acceleration of gravity test device, wherein:
Described inclination-angle regulating device include U-shaped support, regulation platform, regulation ear mount, regulation bearing pin, screens spring, upper hinge, Regulation connecting rod, lower hinge, mobile sliding block, directive slide track, steel wire rope, winding wheel and winding motor;Described U-shaped support handstand cloth Put, U-shaped mid-stent is provided with dividing plate, U-shaped support right-hand member is provided with wire guide, and regulation platform is located at U-shaped support top, regulation Ear mount is located at U-shaped support right-hand end, and regulation platform dextral end is connected by adjusting bearing pin with regulation ear mount, and screens lower spring end is consolidated U-shaped support left end is scheduled on, screens spring upper end is fixed on regulation platform sinistral end, and regulation connecting rod is located at U-shaped support and regulation platform Between, and regulation small end by upper hinge with regulation platform middle part be connected, regulation connecting rod lower end by lower hinge installation On mobile upper end of slide block face, mobile sliding block is arranged on directive slide track, and steel wire rope one end is fixed on mobile sliding block, steel wire rope The other end is wrapped on winding wheel through the wire guide of U-shaped support right-hand member, and winding wheel is fixed on the output shaft of winding motor, is received Volume motor is fixed on the dividing plate of U-shaped mid-stent;
Described variable track includes drive mechanism, rotation runway and blocking mechanism;Described rotation runway is located at drive mechanism And blocking mechanism between, and drive mechanism, rotation runway and blocking mechanism are arranged side by side;
Described catapult-launching gear includes L-type support, ejection push rod, gripping manipulator, holddown spring and position-limit mechanism;Described bullet Push rod is penetrated equidistantly to be arranged side by side between L-type support and gripping manipulator, and ejection push rod one end is connected with L-type support, The ejection push rod other end is connected with gripping manipulator, and holddown spring is wrapped on ejection push rod, and position-limit mechanism quantity is two, limit Position mechanism is respectively symmetrically the both sides before and after gripping manipulator;
Described acceleration of gravity test device include test slideway, positioning sand basin, measurement motor, measurement leading screw, travelling nut, Measurement support, I-beam wheel of usheing to seat and measurement tape measure;Described positioning sand basin is located at test slideway front-right, measurement motor difference position In the front and rear both sides of positioning sand basin, measurement leading screw one end is connected with measurement motor, outside the measurement leading screw other end and positioning sand basin Side wall is connected, and travelling nut is arranged on measurement leading screw, and measurement pedestal lower end is fixed on travelling nut upper surface, work of usheing to seat Character wheel lower end is provided with the hold-down support being connected with test slideway, and I-beam wheel of usheing to seat upper end is provided with tape spool wheel body, measures skin On the tape spool wheel body for usheing to seat I-beam wheel upper end, the measurement tape measure other end is fixed on measurement pedestal upper end to chi one ends wound.
2. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described driving Mechanism includes lifting-up support, longitudinal motor, drive screw, pole bracket, cross motor, drive shaft, drive gear and rotary shaft; Both sides are respectively arranged with jacking push rod before and after described lifting-up support lower end, and connection is provided with the medium position of lifting-up support lower end Spring, jacking push rod upper end is provided with right angle setting plate, and lifting-up support outside is provided with stripe board, and longitudinal motor is fixed on jacking Pedestal upper end face side, drive screw one end is connected with longitudinal motor output shaft, and the drive screw other end passes through lifting-up support Right angle setting plate on upper surface, is provided with the screw thread of discontiguous area in drive screw, pole bracket is located at lifting-up support inner side, Cross motor is arranged on pole bracket top end, and cross motor is twin shaft output motor, output shaft and driving on the outside of cross motor Axle one end is connected, and the drive shaft other end is arranged in the stripe board on the outside of lifting-up support, and drive gear is fixed on drive shaft At medium position, drive gear is meshed with the screw thread in drive screw, and cross motor inner side output shaft is connected with rotary shaft.
3. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described rotation Runway is square cylinder structure, and axis hole is provided through at rotation runway medium position, is rotated on four sides of runway respectively It is disposed with the first semi-circular recesses, the second semi-circular recesses, the 3rd semi-circular recesses and the 4th semi-circular recesses, the first half Rubber blanket is provided with circular groove, convex bar, the 3rd semicircle are evenly arranged with along its axial direction on the second semi-circular recesses Frosted bar is evenly arranged with along its axial direction on connected in star, smooth aluminium flake pad is provided with the 4th semi-circular recesses.
4. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described stop Mechanism includes gantry support, stops motor, stop driving wheel, stop driven pulley, stop transmission belt and stop oar;Described gantry Pedestal upper end is provided with arc-shaped concave, and both sides are respectively symmetrically and are provided with installation ear mount before and after arc-shaped concave, stops that motor is located at dragon Door bracket side, stops that driving wheel is fixed on stop motor output shaft, stops between driving wheel and stop driven pulley using resistance Gear transmission belt is attached, and stops that oar middle part is evenly arranged with strip-shaped baffle along its circumferential direction, stops that oar two ends are respectively mounted Before and after the arc-shaped concave in the installation ear mount of both sides, and stop that oar is co-axially mounted with stop driven pulley and be connected.
5. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described gripping Manipulator includes that ejection transverse slat, gripping ear mount, gripping ship and resell on another market, grip claw, gripping push rod and gripping hinge;Described gripping ear Seat is respectively symmetrically arrangement along ejection transverse slat longitudinal center axis, and gripping claw lower end is shipped and resell on another market installed in gripping ear mount by gripping On, gripping push rod is located at gripping claw outside, and gripping push rod upper end is connected by gripping hinge with gripping claw lateral wall, Gripping push rod lower end is connected by gripping hinge with ejection transverse slat.
6. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described is spacing Mechanism includes limiting plate, spacing push rod, limit top plate, spacing snap fit, connects hinge and opening and closing push rod;Described spacing push rod Between limiting plate and limit top plate, spacing snap fit rear end is connected by connects hinge with limit top plate, spacing snap fit Front end is pressed against on ejection transverse slat, and opening and closing push rod one end is movably articulated in limit top plate, and the opening and closing push rod other end is movably hinged On spacing snap fit madial wall.
7. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described test Slideway sloping portion is provided with the riser being mutually fixedly connected with base, and test slideway horizontal component is provided with and be connected with base admittedly Fixed fixed mount.
8. a kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Described gripping Claw is arc shape prong structure, and wedge-shaped blade tooth is provided with gripping claw madial wall.
CN201710190047.2A 2017-03-28 2017-03-28 A kind of physical motion experimental teaching demonstrating model Withdrawn CN106847007A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108037314A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-05-15 于世源 A kind of acceleration detecting of adjustable-angle
CN109410715A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-03-01 边麒竟 A kind of multifunctional physics teaching experimental rig
CN111462596A (en) * 2020-01-22 2020-07-28 南宁学院 Friction experiment demonstration device for physics experiments
CN112017511B (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-09 苏州巴涛信息科技有限公司 A frictional force demonstration teaching aid for physical experiment
CN112700699A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-04-23 长春大学 Mechanical experiment auxiliary simulation device and using method
RU2790814C1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-02-28 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Training coil

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108037314A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-05-15 于世源 A kind of acceleration detecting of adjustable-angle
CN108037314B (en) * 2018-02-07 2024-05-14 于世源 Acceleration detection device capable of adjusting angle
CN109410715A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-03-01 边麒竟 A kind of multifunctional physics teaching experimental rig
CN111462596A (en) * 2020-01-22 2020-07-28 南宁学院 Friction experiment demonstration device for physics experiments
CN112017511B (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-09 苏州巴涛信息科技有限公司 A frictional force demonstration teaching aid for physical experiment
CN112700699A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-04-23 长春大学 Mechanical experiment auxiliary simulation device and using method
CN112700699B (en) * 2021-02-20 2022-05-13 长春大学 Mechanical experiment auxiliary simulation device and using method
RU2790814C1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-02-28 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Training coil

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