CN106841919B - The high-precision transmission line method of single end distance measurement calculated based on triangle - Google Patents
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention discloses the high-precision transmission line method of single end distance measurement calculated under a kind of special operation condition based on triangle, including obtain computing impedance by calculatingKnown to its amplitude, phase angle；The additional impedance that transition resistance between failure phase and ground generatesIts phase angle can be obtained by calculating, and amplitude is unknown；Protect the line impedance of installation place to fault pointPhase angle is known, amplitude is unknown；By phasorIn the triangle of composition, phasor can be calculated according to triangle sineSide length,It is fault distance percentage ρ with the ratio between the positive sequence impedance modulus value of transmission line of electricity total track length, cooperates the length of transmission line of electricity, obtains the exact position that point occurs for fault point.Under the present invention special operation condition that one end open circuit, one end are closed a floodgate on the transmission line, when the single-phase failure through transition resistance eutral grounding occurs, distance measurement value can accurately be provided, it is applicable not only to the transmission line of electricity of common both-end uniformity parameter, also may extend to overhead line, cable hybrid parameter transmission line of electricity or T connection circuitry, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line fault location, in particular to a high-precision power transmission line single-end location method based on triangular calculation under special working conditions.
Background
The fault location of the power transmission line is a classic problem which is transversely located in front of a relay protection engineer, and the accurate fault location has extremely important significance for shortening line patrol time and quickly recovering power supply. At present, most domestic power transmission lines of 110kV and above are provided with protection devices with distance protection functions, and the single-ended fault distance measurement function depending on the distance protection impedance calculation function can quickly give a distance measurement result after protection action and give a more intuitive fault position prompt to field workers, so that the protection device is popular on the field. However, the distance measurement method based on single-ended impedance calculation also has strong limitation, and for multi-phase faults occurring on the line, the inter-phase impedance is generally arc resistance, the value is small, and the precision is generally ideal; however, for a fault that a single-phase grounding through a transition resistor occurs on a line, the resistance value of the transition resistor is uncertain, and for a double-end power supply line, due to the boosting effect of an opposite-side power supply, the calculated impedance often cannot correctly reflect the impedance value of the line from a protection installation position to a fault point, so that a distance measurement result with reference value cannot be given.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the single-phase transition resistance grounding fault on the existing power transmission line cannot provide a distance measurement result with reference value by adopting a single-end impedance method. According to the high-precision single-end distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation, when a single-phase transition resistance grounding fault occurs on the power transmission line under a special working condition, the distance measurement value can be accurately given, the method can be popularized to the power transmission line or T connection line with overhead lines and ground cable mixed parameters, and the method has a good application prospect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-precision transmission line single-end distance measurement method based on triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step (A), when a single-phase grounding short circuit fault occurs on the transmission line through a transition resistor, the impedance is calculated due to the existence of the transition resistorThe amplitude and phase angle of the signal are known,in order to protect the voltage and current at the installation site of the device,is the zero sequence compensation coefficient of the power transmission line MN,is a positive sequence impedance corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line,zero sequence impedance corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line; calculating impedanceThe line impedance from the protective installation to the fault point cannot be correctly reflected, and the generated additional impedance can be known through transition resistance analysis between the phase and the groundProtecting line impedance from installation to fault point for complex numbers with known phase angle and unknown amplitudeIs a complex number with known phase angle and unknown amplitude;
step (B), when a single-phase earth fault occurs on the transmission line, the step (A) can know that the impedance is calculated by one stepAdditional impedanceLine impedanceIn the triangle formed, three interior angles α 1, α 2, α 3 are known, one edge for calculating impedanceThe corresponding module value needs to be calculated to obtain the other side length, namely the line impedanceA corresponding modulus value;
step (C), calculating to obtain the fault distance percentage rho according to the formula (1),
wherein, to protect the positive sequence impedance phasors from the installation site to the fault point,positive sequence impedance phasor corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line; abs () is a function of complex modulo;
and (D) according to the FAULT distance percentage rho, matching with the LENGTH LINE _ LENGTH of the power transmission LINE to obtain the position FAULT _ LOCATION of the FAULT point.
The high-precision single-end distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the impedance isThe line impedance from the protective installation to the fault point is not reflected, and the generated additional impedance under special working conditions can be known through transition resistance analysis between the relative groundsThe method is a complex number with a known phase angle and an unknown amplitude, and under special working conditions, the method comprises the following steps: (1) one end of the power transmission line transmits power, and manual closing occurs in a fault; (2) after the switch is switched for three jumps, firstly, the switching is carried out to make one end coincide with a permanent fault; (3) and a switch at one end of the power transmission line is in a closed position, and a switch at the other end of the power transmission line is in a separated position, so that a fault occurs.
The high-precision single-end distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a step (A) of impedanceAccording to the formula (2), the method can be obtained,
wherein Rg refers to the transition resistance between phases and the ground when the single-phase ground is short-circuited;zero-sequence fault current sensed at an installation position is protected;the fault phase current sensed at the installation position is protected; and K refers to a zero sequence compensation coefficient of the power transmission line.
The high-precision single-end distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: if the transmission line is an overhead line, the no-load capacitance current of the line before the fault can be ignored, at this time,the formula (2) is simplified to obtain a formula (3),
if the transmission line is a cable line, the capacitance current of the transmission line cannot be ignored, and in order to obtain a high-precision distance measurement result, impedance is performed through a formula (2)And (4) calculating.
The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangle calculation is characterized in that in the step (B), three interior angles α 1, α 2 and α 3 of the triangle are respectively
α3＝π-α1-α2，
arg () is a function of the complex phase angle.
The high-precision single-end distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step (D) obtains the position FAULT _ LOCATION of the FAULT point according to the formula (4),
FAULT_LOCATION＝ρ×LINE_LENGTH (4)。
the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation, under special working conditions, particularly when a single-phase fault that is grounded through a transition resistor occurs on the line, on the basis of the principle of single-ended impedance method distance measurement, the distance measurement value can be accurately given through the triangular calculation, the method can be popularized to the power transmission line or T connection with overhead lines and ground cable mixed parameters, and simulation data and field data verification prove that the method has high precision and good application prospects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on triangle calculation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a triangle formed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a fault waveform diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a 500kV power system model of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a fault waveform diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation can accurately give a distance measurement value through the triangular calculation on the basis of the principle of single-ended impedance method distance measurement when a single-phase grounded resistance fault occurs on the line under a special working condition, can be popularized to the power transmission line with overhead lines and ground cables mixed parameters or T connection, and has higher precision through simulation data and field data verification, as shown in figure 1, and specifically comprises the following steps,
step (A), when a single-phase grounding short circuit fault occurs on the transmission line through a transition resistor, the impedance is calculated due to the existence of the transition resistorTherefore, the amplitude and phase angle are known,in order to protect the voltage and current at the installation site of the device,for the zero sequence compensation coefficient between the transmission lines MN,a positive sequence impedance phasor corresponding to the power transmission line MN isZero sequence impedance phasor corresponding to the MN line of the power transmission line; the impedance isThe line impedance from the protective installation to the fault point is not reflected, and the generated additional impedance under special working conditions can be known through transition resistance analysis between the relative groundsProtecting line impedance from installation to fault point for complex numbers with known phase angle and unknown amplitudeIs a complex number with known phase angle and unknown amplitude;
the special working conditions are as follows: (1) one end of the power transmission line transmits power, and manual closing occurs in a fault; (2) after the switch is switched for three jumps, firstly, the switching is carried out to make one end coincide with a permanent fault; (3) a switch at one end of the power transmission line is in a closed position, and a switch at the other end of the power transmission line is in a separated position, so that a fault occurs;
the impedance isAccording to the formula (2), the method can be obtained,
wherein Rg refers to the transition resistance between phases and the ground when the single-phase ground is short-circuited;zero-sequence fault current sensed at an installation position is protected;the fault phase current sensed at the installation position is protected; and K refers to a zero sequence compensation coefficient of the power transmission line.
If the transmission line is an overhead line, the no-load capacitance current of the line before the fault can be ignored, at this time,the formula (2) is simplified to obtain a formula (3),
if the transmission line is a cable line, the capacitance current of the transmission line cannot be ignored, and in order to obtain a high-precision distance measurement result, impedance is performed through a formula (2)Calculating (1);
step (B), when single-phase earth fault occurs on the transmission line, step (A) can know a calculated impedanceAdditional impedanceLine impedanceThe triangle is formed, three internal angles α 1, α 2 and α 3 are known, and are respectively
α3＝π-α1-α2；
arg () is a function of the complex phase angle, one side is the calculated impedanceThe corresponding module value, the length of which is known, needs to be calculated to obtain the other side length, i.e. the line impedanceThe corresponding modulus value. As shown in fig. 2, i.e., the result of the corresponding fault ranging;
step (C), calculating to obtain the fault distance percentage rho according to the formula (1),
wherein, to protect the positive sequence impedance phasors from the installation site to the fault point,positive sequence impedance phasor corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line; wherein abs () is a function of complex modulo, defined in detail below,
is provided withThen
The phasor of the invention is expressed by complex numbers in mathematics, and the complex numbers are equivalent to the phasor in electricians under certain context; plural number ofCan be expressed by real part, imaginary part (a + jb) under the Cartesian coordinate, and can also be expressed by polar coordinate (polar ∠ angle), and the two can be mutually converted;
step (D), according to the FAULT distance percentage rho, matching with the LENGTH LINE _ LENGTH of the power transmission LINE, obtaining the position FAULT _ LOCATION of the FAULT point, as shown in formula (4),
FAULT_LOCATION＝ρ×LINE_LENGTH (4)。
according to the high-precision single-ended distance measurement method of the power transmission line based on triangle calculation, two embodiments are introduced,
a first embodiment (single type of transmission line (cable or overhead)),
14 hours and 10 minutes in 3, 4 and 4 days in 2015, a B-phase grounding short-circuit fault occurs in a 220kV A-B line when power is transmitted from a station A, the three phases of the switch are not overlapped after being tripped, the fault waveform is shown in figure 3 when an opposite B-type transformer breaker is at an open position, and the primary parameters of the power transmission line are as follows: r1＝0.013Ω，X1＝0.158Ω，R0＝0.051Ω，X00.42 Ω, 1.5kM for the total length L of the transmission line, PT transformation ratio: 220kV/100V, CT transformation ratio: 2500A/5A, performing full-wave Fourier transform on data 20ms to 40ms after a fault, wherein the obtained phasor data is as follows: calculated to obtainSubstituting the formula (1) to calculate p to be 0.592, converting to a nominal value of 0.898kM, and patrolling the line to know that the actual fault point is 0.85kM away from the first station, thereby obtaining the fault pointIt can be seen that, the calculation is accurate,
in the above example R1、X1、R0、X0Respectively positive sequence resistance, positive sequence reactance, zero sequence resistance and zero sequence reactance values of the power transmission line;
ABC three-phase current and voltage phasors sensed at the protection installation position of the power transmission line are respectively measured;
a second embodiment (hybrid transmission line (cable and overhead)),
a 500kV power system model as shown in fig. 4 was created using PSCAD software, where MK is the cable run, with its primary parameters as follows: r1＝0.45Ω，X1＝5.969Ω，XC1＝33500Ω，R0＝3.9Ω，X0＝18.35Ω，XC0502500 Ω, line length L50 kM, KN overhead line, with the following primary parameters: r1＝1.1705Ω，X1＝13.345Ω，XC1＝4025600Ω，R0＝9.055Ω，X0＝34.19Ω，XC07095600 Ω, and 50kM line length L. An AG short circuit of 50 omega occurs at a position 25kM away from a K point on a KN line, a fault waveform is shown in fig. 5, data 20ms to 40ms after the fault is subjected to full-wave Fourier transform, and obtained phasor data are as follows: let p be 2.02 when the fault is in MK, and 0.488 when the fault is in KN, and the meaning of each symbol in this example is the same as that in the first embodiment.
The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation has the following characteristics: (1) the method is applicable under special working conditions, and under the special working conditions described by the invention, double-end ranging is invalid; (2) the correct operation of the invention also depends on correct fault phase selection; (3) the use of the invention relies on the calculation of impedance, but does not require that distance protection actions be a prerequisite for its use; (4) under the background that the optical fiber longitudinal differential protection of the power transmission line is used in a large scale, the data conditions required by the method are not difficult to meet and have strong operability; (5) the invention can be popularized to the line where overhead lines and cables are mixed and laid; (6) the invention can also be generalized to T-connections.
In summary, the high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangular calculation can accurately give the distance measurement value through the triangular calculation under special working conditions, particularly when a single-phase transition resistance grounding fault occurs on the line, and can be popularized to the power transmission line or T connection with overhead lines and ground cable mixed parameters. And through simulation data and field data verification, the method has higher precision and good application prospect.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method of the power transmission line based on triangular calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step (A), when a single-phase grounding short circuit fault occurs on the transmission line through a transition resistor, the impedance is calculated due to the existence of the transition resistorThe amplitude and phase angle of the signal are known,in order to protect the voltage and current at the installation site of the device,is the zero sequence compensation coefficient of the power transmission line MN,is a positive sequence impedance corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line,zero sequence impedance corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line; calculating impedanceThe line impedance from the protective installation to the fault point cannot be correctly reflected, and the generated additional impedance can be known through transition resistance analysis between the phase and the groundProtecting line impedance from installation to fault point for complex numbers with known phase angle and unknown amplitudeIs a complex number with known phase angle and unknown amplitude;
step (B), when a single-phase earth fault occurs on the transmission line, the step (A) can know that the impedance is calculated by one stepAdditional impedanceLine impedanceIn the triangle formed, three interior angles α 1, α 2, α 3 are known, one edge for calculating impedanceThe corresponding module value needs to be calculated to obtain the other side length, namely the line impedanceA corresponding modulus value;
step (C), calculating to obtain the fault distance percentage rho according to the formula (1),
wherein, to protect the positive sequence impedance phasors from the installation site to the fault point,positive sequence impedance phasor corresponding to the full length of the MN line of the power transmission line; abs () is a function of complex modulo;
step (D), according to the FAULT distance percentage rho, matching with the full LENGTH LINE _ LENGTH of the power transmission LINE to obtain a FAULT occurrence position FAULT _ LOCATION;
the impedance isThe line impedance from the protective installation to the fault point is not reflected, and the generated additional impedance under special working conditions can be known through transition resistance analysis between the relative groundsThe method is a complex number with a known phase angle and an unknown amplitude, and under special working conditions, the method comprises the following steps: (1) one end of the transmission line supplies power and the manual switch-on is combined and transmittedIs born by the fault; (2) after the switch is switched for three jumps, firstly, the switching is carried out to make one end coincide with a permanent fault; (3) and a switch at one end of the power transmission line is in a closed position, and a switch at the other end of the power transmission line is in a separated position, so that a fault occurs.
2. The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangle calculation according to claim 1, wherein: a step (A) of impedanceAccording to the formula (2), the method can be obtained,
wherein Rg refers to the transition resistance between phases and the ground when the single-phase ground is short-circuited;zero sequence fault current sensed at a protection installation position;refers to the fault phase current sensed at the protection installation; and K refers to a zero sequence compensation coefficient of the power transmission line.
3. The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangle calculation according to claim 2, wherein: if the transmission line is an overhead line, the no-load capacitance current of the line before the fault can be ignored, at this time,the formula (2) is simplified to obtain a formula (3),
if the transmission line is a cableA line whose capacitance current is not negligible and whose impedance is measured by equation (2) to obtain a high-precision distance measurement resultAnd (4) calculating.
4. The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for power transmission lines based on triangle calculation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (B), the three interior angles α 1, α 2, α 3 of the triangle are respectively
arg () is a function of the complex phase angle.
5. The high-precision single-ended distance measurement method for the power transmission line based on the triangle calculation according to claim 1, wherein: the step (D) obtains the FAULT occurrence position FAULT _ LOCATION according to the formula (4),
FAULT_LOCATION＝ρ×LINE_LENGTH (4)。
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