CN106841778A - The processing method of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on PMU - Google Patents
The processing method of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on PMU Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on PMU, the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters carries out resampling in being gathered to AD, cannot be only used for analyzing subsynchronous harmonic parameters, can also be used to analyze supersynchronous harmonic parameters, the frequency spectrum of FFT is corrected using Grandke spectrum correcting methods, overcome the fence effect and spectrum leakage phenomenon in FFT spectrum analysis, substantially increase the identification precision of oscillating component parameter, the software and hardware expense at WAMS main websites end is alleviated to a certain extent, and for total system power network wide area is monitored, automation of transformation substations observing and controlling, stability contorting, the functions such as selfadaptive computation provide reliable initial data and data supporting, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system stabilization and control, in particular to a method for processing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU (phasor measurement Unit).
Background
In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the scale of a power grid and the grid-connected delivery of new energy such as large-scale wind power and the like, the frequency of the subsynchronous oscillation of the power grid is continuously increased. The method can timely find and take measures to inhibit oscillation in a power grid system, and becomes one of key problems to be solved urgently for ensuring safe and stable operation of a power system. With the increase of oscillation generation frequency, the network provincial dispatching center puts forward the requirements of strengthening global early warning of low-frequency oscillation and subsynchronous oscillation, and develops the related research of oscillation online monitoring analysis based on the synchronous phasor measurement data of a Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS). A Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) serves as a core of the WAMS substation system and is responsible for the tasks of raw data acquisition, measurement and transmission. Particularly, in recent years, PMUs provide high-precision and high-density raw data sources for provincial dispatch centers of various networks to analyze oscillation phenomena based on the WAMS system, and thus have increasingly gained wide attention.
However, the oscillation online monitoring analysis performed at the master station of the WAMS has the following disadvantages. Firstly, because the WAMS master station has frequency aliasing for PMU synchronous phasor data acquisition, the WAMS master station cannot accurately analyze the characteristic parameters of the subsynchronous oscillation components; secondly, in order to suppress out-of-band interference, out-of-band frequencies are filtered from synchronous phasor measurement data uploaded by the PMU, and therefore, for super-synchronous harmonic components larger than 50Hz, the frequency components are higher, so that the detection and analysis of the super-synchronous harmonic components cannot be performed at the WAMS master station. Finally, with the continuous expansion of the power grid scale, the number of PMU distribution points is continuously increased, so that the network structure is increasingly complex, the software and hardware overhead of the WAMS main station end is greatly increased by carrying out oscillation parameter identification at the WAMS main station end, and the problems of long identification time, low identification precision, complex algorithm implementation and incapability of analyzing super-synchronous harmonic parameters exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing WAMS main station end carries out on-line monitoring and analysis of oscillation, and has long identification time, low identification precision, complex algorithm realization and incapability of analyzing super-synchronous harmonic parameters. The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on the PMU realizes the rapid and high-precision identification of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters, reduces the software and hardware overhead of the WAMS main station end to a certain extent, provides reliable original data and data support for the functions of wide-area monitoring of a full-system power grid, automatic measurement and control of a transformer substation, stable control, self-adaptive relay protection and the like, and has good application prospect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a processing method of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU (phasor measurement Unit) is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step (A), current signals containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition are resampled;
step (B), FFT spectrum analysis is carried out on the resampled current sampling value to obtain a spectrum X (n);
step (C), spectrum X (n) correction is carried out by using a Grandke spectrum correction method, and the amplitude and the frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals are calculated;
step (D), the amplitude and frequency of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C) are transmitted to a WAMS master station through an analog quantity channel in a transmission protocol of a PMU device;
and (E) judging whether subsynchronous oscillation occurs or not according to the amplitude values of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C), and starting the PMU device to perform continuous wave recording if the subsynchronous oscillation occurs.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: step (A), current signals containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition are resampled, and the sampling frequency f of resamplingsIs 1 KHz.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: the mathematical model of the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in the AD acquisition is shown in formula (1),
wherein, ω is0Is the fundamental frequency, omegaiThe frequency of each sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic component,Is the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave signal,For the initial phase angle of each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component, A is the amplitude of the fundamental wave, Δ AiFor each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component amplitude.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: for subsynchronous harmonic components, ωiFrequency range between 5Hz-45Hz, omega for super-synchronous harmonic componentiIs greater than 50 Hz.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: step (C), using the Grandke spectrum correction method to carry out spectrum X (n) correction, and calculating the amplitude and frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals, comprising the following steps,
(C1) obtaining the maximum values of the frequency spectrum X (n)The number of the spectral line at each maximum of X (n) is kiAnd k isiThe serial numbers of two adjacent spectral lines are marked as ki-1 and ki+1, the complex values of these three spectral lines are denoted asWherein, i is 1.·, M; m is the number of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonics contained in the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters.
(C2) According to the formula (2) and the formula (3), the correction of the amplitude and the frequency is realized, and the frequency and the amplitude of the corrected subsynchronous harmonic signal and the supersynchronous harmonic signal are respectively recordedAndwherein
Wherein N is the number of points for calculating FFT, in formula (2) and formula (3)iObtained according to the formula (4),
the processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: step (E), judging whether subsynchronous oscillation occurs according to the amplitudes of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C), wherein the judging process is as follows:
(E1) judgment of subsynchronous and supersynchronousSynchronizing the frequency of harmonic signalsWhether the frequency is between 5Hz and 45Hz, if the condition is met, continuing to execute (E2); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E2) determining the amplitude of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signalsWhether the amplitude value is larger than the amplitude value threshold value of the subsynchronous oscillation detection amplitude value set by the PMU device, if so, continuing to execute (E3); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E3) judging whether the duration of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals exceeds a threshold value of the duration of subsynchronous oscillation set by the PMU device, and if so, continuing the execution (E4); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E4) and at the moment, judging that subsynchronous oscillation occurs, and starting the PMU device to record waves continuously.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: the amplitude threshold may be set to 10% of the nominal current amplitude.
The processing method of the subsynchronous harmonic parameters and the supersynchronous harmonic parameters realized based on the PMU is characterized in that: the duration threshold may be set to 10 s.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing method of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on the PMU, provided by the invention, is used for resampling the current signals containing the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition, not only can be used for analyzing the subsynchronous harmonic parameters, but also can be used for analyzing the supersynchronous harmonic parameters, and the Grandke frequency spectrum correction method is used for correcting the frequency spectrum of FFT, so that the fence effect and the spectrum leakage phenomenon in FFT frequency spectrum analysis are overcome, the identification precision of oscillation component parameters is greatly improved, the software and hardware overhead of a WAMS main station end is reduced to a certain extent, reliable original data and data support are provided for functions of wide area monitoring of a whole system power grid, automatic measurement and control of a transformer station, stable control, self-adaptive relay protection and the like, and the processing method has a good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an online checking method of a power grid model for a smart power grid dispatching system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a spectral diagram of a 2048-point FFT spectral analysis of a simulated signal of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the processing method of sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU of the present invention includes the following steps,
step (A), current signals containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition are resampled, and the sampling frequency f of resamplings1KHz, which can ensure a shorter data window length, thus improving the rapidity of the algorithm, and the AD acquisition includes a mathematical model of current signals of sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic parameters, as shown in formula (1),
wherein, ω is0Is the fundamental frequency, omegaiThe frequency of each sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic component,Is the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave signal,For the initial phase angle of each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component, A is the amplitude of the fundamental wave, Δ AiFor each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component amplitude, for the subsynchronous harmonic component, ωiFrequency range between 5Hz-45Hz, omega for super-synchronous harmonic componentiIs greater than 50 Hz;
step (B), FFT spectrum analysis is carried out on the resampled current sampling value to obtain a spectrum X (n), and 2048-point FFT spectrum analysis is carried out on the resampled current sampling value;
step (C), using the Grandke spectrum correction method to carry out spectrum X (n) correction, and calculating the amplitude and frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals, comprising the following steps,
(C1) obtaining each maximum point of the frequency spectrum X (n), and recording the serial number of the spectral line at each maximum point of X (n) as kiAnd k isiThe serial numbers of two adjacent spectral lines are marked as ki-1 and ki+1, the complex values of these three spectral lines are denoted asWherein, i is 1.·, M; m is the number of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonics contained in the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters;
(C2) according to the formula (2) and the formula (3), the correction of the amplitude and the frequency is realized, and the frequency and the amplitude of the corrected subsynchronous harmonic signal and the supersynchronous harmonic signal are respectively recordedAndwherein,
wherein N is the number of points for calculating FFT, in formula (2) and formula (3)iObtained according to the formula (4),
step (D), the amplitude and frequency of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C) are transmitted to a WAMS master station through an analog quantity channel in a transmission protocol of a PMU device;
step (E), judging whether subsynchronous oscillation occurs according to the amplitude values of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C), if so, starting a PMU device to perform continuous wave recording, wherein the judging process is as follows:
(E1) determining the frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signalsWhether the frequency is between 5Hz and 45Hz, if the condition is met, continuing to execute (E2); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E2) determining the amplitude of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signalsWhether the amplitude value is larger than the amplitude value threshold value of the subsynchronous oscillation detection amplitude value set by the PMU device, if so, continuing to execute (E3); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E3) judging whether the duration of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals exceeds a threshold value of the duration of subsynchronous oscillation set by the PMU device, and if so, continuing the execution (E4); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E4) and at the moment, judging that subsynchronous oscillation occurs, and starting the PMU device to record waves continuously.
The amplitude threshold value is set to be 10% of the rated current amplitude value, the duration threshold value is set to be 10s, and the amplitude threshold value and the duration threshold value can be adjusted according to actual needs.
The invention relates to a processing method of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU, which has the following simulation effects that the applied simulation signals are as follows:
X(n)=0.5*cos(2*pi*15*n/1000)+cos(2*pi*50*n/1000)+0.4*cos(2*pi*85*n/1000)+0.3*cos(2*pi*110*n/1000);
2048-point FFT analysis is performed in matlab to obtain a spectrogram, as shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that if no spectrum correction is performed, the amplitude and frequency estimation accuracy of each signal is low due to the existence of spectrum leakage. Table 1 shows that the accuracy is greatly improved in table 1, in which the amplitude and frequency parameters of each signal obtained by correcting the PMU device using the Grandke spectrum correction method are obtained.
TABLE 1 subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter calculation results
In conclusion, the processing method of the sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU of the invention resamples the current signals containing the sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition, not only can be used for analyzing the sub-synchronous harmonic parameters, but also can be used for analyzing the super-synchronous harmonic parameters, corrects the FFT frequency spectrum by using the Grandke frequency spectrum correction method, overcomes the fence effect and the spectrum leakage phenomenon in FFT frequency spectrum analysis, eliminates the frequency aliasing phenomenon existing in the analysis of the sub-synchronous harmonic parameters at the WAMS master station end, solves the problem that the WAMS master station end cannot analyze the super-synchronous harmonic parameters, provides an effective and reliable means for timely monitoring the sub-synchronous oscillation phenomenon in the power system, adopts measures to ensure the safety of a unit and the stable operation of the power system, greatly improves the identification precision of oscillation component parameters, and lightens the software and hardware expenses of the WAMS master station end to a certain extent, and reliable original data and data support are provided for functions of wide-area monitoring of a whole system power grid, automatic measurement and control of a transformer substation, stable control, self-adaptive relay protection and the like, and the method has a good application prospect.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A processing method of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters based on PMU is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step (A), current signals containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition are resampled;
step (B), FFT spectrum analysis is carried out on the resampled current sampling value to obtain a spectrum X (n);
step (C), spectrum X (n) correction is carried out by using a Grandke spectrum correction method, and the amplitude and the frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals are calculated;
step (D), the amplitude and frequency of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C) are transmitted to a WAMS master station through an analog quantity channel in a transmission protocol of a PMU device;
and (E) judging whether subsynchronous oscillation occurs or not according to the amplitude values of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C), and starting the PMU device to perform continuous wave recording if the subsynchronous oscillation occurs.
2. The PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 1, characterized in that: step (A), current signals containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in AD acquisition are resampled, and the sampling frequency f of resamplingsIs 1 KHz.
3. The PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical model of the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters in the AD acquisition is shown in formula (1),
wherein, ω is0Is the fundamental frequency, omegaiThe frequency of each sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic component,Is the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave signal,For the initial phase angle of each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component, A is the amplitude of the fundamental wave, Δ AiM is the number of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonics contained in the current signal for each subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic component amplitude.
4. PMU-based subsynchronization of claim 3The processing method of the super-synchronous harmonic parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps: for subsynchronous harmonic components, ωiFrequency range between 5Hz-45Hz, omega for super-synchronous harmonic componentiIs greater than 50 Hz.
5. The PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 3, characterized in that: step (C), using the Grandke spectrum correction method to carry out spectrum X (n) correction, and calculating the amplitude and frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signals, comprising the following steps,
(C1) obtaining each maximum point of the frequency spectrum X (n), and recording the serial number of the spectral line at each maximum point of X (n) as kiAnd k isiThe serial numbers of two adjacent spectral lines are marked as ki-1 and ki+1, the complex values of these three spectral lines are denoted asWherein, i is 1, M is the number of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonics contained in the current signal containing subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameters;
(C2) according to the formula (2) and the formula (3), the correction of the amplitude and the frequency is realized, and the frequency and the amplitude of the corrected subsynchronous harmonic signal and the supersynchronous harmonic signal are respectively recordedAndwherein
Wherein N is the number of points for calculating FFT, in formula (2) and formula (3)iObtained according to the formula (4),
6. the PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 1, characterized in that: step (E), judging whether subsynchronous oscillation occurs according to the amplitudes of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals calculated in the step (C), wherein the judging process is as follows:
(E1) determining the frequency of subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signalsWhether the frequency is between 5Hz and 45Hz, if the condition is met, continuing to execute (E2); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E2) determining the amplitude of the subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic signalsWhether the amplitude value is larger than the amplitude value threshold value of the subsynchronous oscillation detection amplitude value set by the PMU device, if so, continuing to execute (E3); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E3) judging whether the duration of the subsynchronous harmonic signals and the supersynchronous harmonic signals exceeds a threshold value of the duration of subsynchronous oscillation set by the PMU device, and if so, continuing the execution (E4); otherwise, quitting the subsynchronous oscillation judgment;
(E4) and at the moment, judging that subsynchronous oscillation occurs, and starting the PMU device to record waves continuously.
7. The PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 6, characterized in that: the amplitude threshold may be set to 10% of the nominal current amplitude.
8. The PMU-based subsynchronous and supersynchronous harmonic parameter processing method of claim 6, characterized in that: the duration threshold may be set to 10 s.
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