CN106841577B - Concrete loading device and method applicable to load-environment coupling effect - Google Patents
Concrete loading device and method applicable to load-environment coupling effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN106841577B CN106841577B CN201710236741.3A CN201710236741A CN106841577B CN 106841577 B CN106841577 B CN 106841577B CN 201710236741 A CN201710236741 A CN 201710236741A CN 106841577 B CN106841577 B CN 106841577B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
- G01N33/383—Concrete, cement
Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete loading device and method under load-environment coupling effect, which solves the problems that the device in the prior art has complex structure and can not be suitable for environment providing equipment, has the advantages of simple operation and strong test operability, and adopts the following scheme: the concrete loading device comprises a pressing plate for transmitting pressure to the concrete test piece; the pressing piece is used for applying pressure to the pressing plate, and is connected with the lever mechanism, and the fulcrum of the lever mechanism is fixed with the sleeve device; and the counterweight mechanism is arranged on one side or two sides of the pressing plate, is connected with the lever mechanism to apply acting force to the lever mechanism, and calculates the pressure applied by the pressing piece to the pressing plate through the lever mechanism so as to obtain the load born by the concrete test piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a concrete test, in particular to a concrete loading device and method applicable to load-environment coupling.
Background
In practical engineering, most of the damage to concrete is caused by the combined action of load and various environments such as carbonization, infiltration, freeze thawing, corrosion and the like, and if only the durability of a test piece without loading the concrete is studied, the real environment where the concrete is located cannot be reasonably reflected. Therefore, the establishment of a loading device and a test method for concrete under the load-environment coupling effect is very significant for researching the durability of the concrete.
At present, similar designs of concrete durability test loading devices under the coupling action of compressive stress and multiple factors exist in China, and the similar designs mainly adopt loading modes such as jack loading, wrench screwing and nut screwing and the like, and the test devices have the following defects: the jack loading device needs a reaction frame, has complex structure and installation process, is inconvenient to operate, and cannot be placed in a carbonization box or other durable equipment; the wrench screwing nut loading device cannot guarantee uniformity of loads applied by a plurality of nuts, and the size of the load can be determined only by using a sensor and a tester, so that the complexity of device measurement is increased entirely.
Therefore, there is a need for research and analysis of concrete loading devices and methods that can be placed into endurance test equipment that can accommodate load-environment coupling.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the concrete loading device which is applicable to the load-environment coupling effect, and the whole structure of the device is simple to set, convenient to operate and capable of being put into durability test equipment capable of providing various environment conditions.
The concrete loading device suitable for the load-environment coupling effect has the following specific scheme:
the device for loading concrete under load-environment coupling action comprises:
a pressure plate for transmitting pressure to the concrete test piece;
the pressing piece is used for applying pressure to the pressing plate, the pressing piece is connected with one end of the lever mechanism, and a fulcrum of the lever mechanism is fixed with the sleeve mechanism capable of adjusting the height of the lever mechanism;
the counterweight mechanism is arranged on one side or two sides of the pressing plate, is connected with the other end of the lever mechanism to apply acting force to the lever mechanism, and calculates the pressure applied by the pressing piece to the pressing plate through the lever mechanism so as to obtain the load born by the concrete test piece.
Above-mentioned concrete loading device need not to set up the reaction frame, can realize applying continuous load to the concrete test piece through counter weight mechanism, through lever mechanism's setting, when lever state received the load, for keeping lever state in the horizontality, adjust the clamp, can obtain the load that the concrete test piece bore through the effort that the clamp was applyed to the clamp plate to the clamp, the different load size that provides through counter weight mechanism, the load that the concrete test piece bore is natural different, above-mentioned device overall structure is simple, can wholly place in test equipment, thereby the durability test of concrete in different loads, different environment has been realized.
The weight balancing mechanism comprises a pulley mechanism, a weight is arranged on the pulley mechanism, the weight spans across the pulley mechanism through a pull rope and is connected with one end of the lever mechanism, the weight can be increased or reduced in mass, and the adjustment of the acting force at one end of the lever mechanism is realized through the weight.
The bottom of the counterweight mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is moved, the whole device is moved, the counterweight mechanism is simple and convenient, a supporting piece is arranged on the bottom plate, and the supporting piece penetrates through the pressing plate to fix the horizontal position of the pressing plate.
The sleeve mechanism comprises studs, the two studs arranged on two sides of the lever mechanism are sleeved with sleeves, the sleeves are connected through connecting pieces, the connecting pieces penetrate through the lever mechanism to form fulcrums of the lever mechanism, the pressing plates penetrate through the studs to fix the horizontal positions of the pressing plates, the studs are multiple, and the pressing plates penetrate symmetrically to ensure balanced stress.
The lever mechanism comprises a pressure lever, a level gauge is arranged at the middle section of the pressure lever, calibration bubbles are arranged in the level gauge, and whether the bubbles are centered or not is watched, so that the level state of the pressure lever is ensured, and the lever mechanism is simple and convenient.
The weight is arranged in a hanging basket, the hanging basket is connected with the pull rope, an opening is formed in the top of the hanging basket, the hanging basket is fixed with the pull rope, and a plurality of weights can be arranged in the hanging basket.
The stud is sleeved with a sleeve, the sleeve is connected with the lever mechanism through a connecting rod to form the fulcrum, the fulcrum can rotate within a set angle range, specifically, the pressure rod is provided with an opening, the middle size of the connecting rod is smaller than the end size, the middle of the connecting rod passes through the opening to be arranged, the end of the connecting rod is fixed with the sleeve, and in order to ensure the stability of the fulcrum, the stud is provided with two rows and four columns, so that the two sides of the connecting rod after passing through the opening are respectively fixed with one stud.
The lower part of the sleeve on the stud is sleeved with a spring, a nut is arranged between the spring and the sleeve, and the nut compresses the spring, so that the height of the compression bar from the pressure plate can be conveniently adjusted.
The pressing pieces are even in number and are arranged in the middle of the pressing plate, further, for convenient adjustment, a counterweight mechanism is arranged on two sides of the pressing plate, each pressing piece is fixed with one section of the pressing rod, the pressing pieces are bolts, and the end parts of the pressing rods are sleeved on the bolts.
In order to solve the problem of low energy utilization rate in the prior art, the invention also provides a concrete test loading method which is applicable to the coupling effect of load and various environments, can provide various working environments for concrete test pieces, does not need a sensor or a tester, and is simple and convenient to operate.
The concrete test loading method is suitable for the coupling effect of load and various environments, and the concrete loading device is arranged in environment providing equipment, such as a carbonization box and a freeze thawing test machine, so as to simulate the operation environment.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Placing the test pieces and the loading steel between the bottom plate and the pressing plate in a four-point bending test mode, wherein the multiple test pieces transmit pressure through the loading steel, the loading steel is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test pieces, the loading steel for transmitting the loading force has a spacing of 100mm, and the loading steel serving as a support has a spacing of 300mm;
2) After the test piece is fixed with the loading steel, the loading device is arranged on the environment providing equipment, and load is manually applied to the lever mechanism through the counterweight mechanism;
3) In order to ensure the horizontal state of the compression bar in the lever mechanism, the compression piece is rotated to generate acting force on the compression plate;
4) When the air bubble in the lever mechanism is centered, the load applied by a single pressing piece can be calculated according to the lever principle, so that the load born by the pressing plate is calculated, and the durability of the concrete test piece under the coupling action of the load and the environment is checked.
According to the method, the balance weight mechanism is used for providing loads with different sizes for the lever mechanism, the operation environment is simulated for the concrete in the environment providing equipment, the simulation of the concrete test piece under the environment-load coupling effect is realized, and the method has important guiding significance for the concrete durability research.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The loading device is simple in structure and easy to operate, each part can be detached, continuous load can be applied to a test piece without a reaction frame, the whole device is convenient to move, and convenience is provided for simulation under different environments.
2) The device provided by the invention is not limited by the types and the number of the test pieces, and can be used for bending and pulling tests of a plurality of concrete beams and compression tests of concrete cube test pieces.
3) The device can be put into equipment such as a carbonization box and a freeze thawing testing machine to simulate various environments such as carbonization, chloride ion erosion, dry-wet circulation and freeze thawing circulation in actual engineering, and the durability of a test piece under the coupling action of load and environment is researched.
4) The test device does not need a sensor or a tester, the load size can be changed by adjusting the weight or the number of the weights, social resources are effectively saved, and the test method and steps are simplified.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a concrete loading device in use under the load-environment coupling action of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the exterior of the concrete loading device under load-environment coupling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of a concrete loading device press under load-environment coupling in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the compression bar of the concrete loading device under the load-environment coupling action of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a sleeve strut assembly in a concrete loading device under load-environment coupling in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing the installation of a pulley of a concrete loading device under the load-environment coupling action of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the concrete test piece comprises a bottom plate, a pressing plate, a stud, a pressing rod, a sleeve, a pulley, a bolt, a connecting rod, a bubble, a pull rope, a basket, a nut, an arc-shaped rod, a loading steel and a concrete test piece.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As described in the background art, the device in the prior art has the defects of complex structure and incapability of providing various environmental simulations, and in order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a device and a method for loading concrete under the load-environment coupling effect.
In a typical embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the concrete loading device under the load-environment coupling effect may be adapted, and the concrete loading device includes a bottom plate 1, a pressing plate 2, a threaded rod 3, a pressing rod 4, a sleeve 5, a pulley 6, a bolt 7, a pull rope 10, a hanging basket 11, a loading steel 14, a concrete test piece 15, where the concrete test piece is disposed at the lower part of the pressing plate 2, and the bottom of the concrete test piece is supported by the bottom plate 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom plate 1 is provided with ten bolt holes, one at each end, four at each side of the middle edge, the threaded rod or stud 3 is fixed with the bottom plate 1 through the bolt holes, and the pressing plate 2 is provided with eight bolt holes, the positions of which are in one-to-one correspondence with the eight threaded rods in the middle. A spring is sleeved on the inner four studs 3 respectively, nuts 12 are screwed on the springs, and two groups of connected sleeve compression bar combination devices are arranged on the corresponding four threaded rods respectively. The top of the threaded rod at the two ends of the bottom plate 1 is respectively provided with a pulley 6, the tail end of the pressure rod 4 is respectively bound with a pull rope 10, the pull ropes naturally fall down by bypassing the pulleys 6, the tail end of the pull rope is provided with a hanging basket 11 used for containing weights, the weights are changed in quality, and the pressure rod 4 is provided with loads of different sizes, so that the pressure plate 2 is adjusted in load size.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the compression bar, wherein a weight is added in the hanging basket 11 to apply a load to the compression plate 2, after the weight is added, in order to keep the compression bar horizontal, a spanner or other adjusting equipment is used for screwing the bolt 7, whether the air bubble 9 is centered or not is observed, when the air bubble is centered, the compression bar 4 is in a horizontal state, and the size of the load applied by the single bolt 7 can be calculated according to the lever principle. The loads applied by the two bolts are required to be kept consistent, the load born by the pressing plate 2 is obtained by adding the two bolts, and the load can be changed by adjusting the mass or the number of the weights.
As shown in fig. 4, the sleeve-press lever assembly includes a sleeve 5, a press lever 4, a bolt 7, a connecting rod 8, and a bubble 9. The compression bar 4 adopts the form butt joint of trompil with connecting rod 8 continuous department, sets up an trompil on compression bar 4 to make connecting rod 8 and compression bar 4 perpendicular, connecting rod 8 middle part sets up to thin pole, makes it pass this trompil unhindered, and compression bar 4 can realize the rotation in the vertical plane around this hole, and the distance of this trompil from bolt 7 is 1/5 of compression bar 4 length, is convenient for calculate the load size of bolt 7 to clamp plate 2 fast.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the installation of a pulley of a concrete loading device under the load-environment coupling effect of the present invention, wherein two arc rods 13 are welded at the top end of a stud 3, an iron rod passes through the pulley and is fixed at the upper ends of the two arc rods 13, the pulley is arranged between the two arc rods, and a pull rope is arranged through the pulley.
The loading device is arranged in environment providing equipment, such as a carbonization box and a freeze thawing test machine, so as to simulate various working environments such as carbonization, infiltration, freeze thawing and rust.
Another embodiment provided by the present invention is: a concrete test loading method suitable for coupling of load and various environments comprises the following specific steps:
1) Placing a test piece and loading steel between a bottom plate and a pressing plate in a four-point bending test, wherein the loading mode is that a plurality of test pieces transmit pressure through the loading steel, the loading steel is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece, the loading steel interval for transmitting loading force is 100mm, and the loading steel interval for serving as a support is 300mm;
2) After the test piece is fixed with the loading steel, the loading device is arranged on the environment providing equipment, and load is manually applied to the lever mechanism through the counterweight mechanism;
3) To ensure the horizontal state of the compression bar 4 in the lever mechanism, the compression member is rotated to generate an acting force on the compression plate 2;
4) When the air bubble in the lever mechanism is centered, the load applied by a single pressing piece can be calculated according to the lever principle, so that the load born by the pressing plate is calculated, and the durability of the concrete test piece under the coupling action of the load and the environment is checked.
According to the method, the balance weight mechanism is used for providing loads with different sizes for the lever mechanism, the operation environment is simulated for the concrete in the environment providing equipment, the simulation of the concrete test piece under the environment-load coupling effect is realized, and the method has important guiding significance for the concrete durability research.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The concrete test loading method suitable for the coupling effect of load and various environments is characterized in that the concrete loading device comprises the following steps:
a pressing plate for transmitting pressure to the concrete test piece;
the pressing piece is used for applying pressure to the pressing plate, the pressing piece is connected with one end of the lever mechanism, and a fulcrum of the lever mechanism is fixed with the sleeve mechanism capable of adjusting the height of the lever mechanism;
the counterweight mechanism is arranged at one side or two sides of the pressing plate, is connected with the other end of the lever mechanism to apply acting force to the lever mechanism, and calculates the pressure applied by the pressing piece to the pressing plate through the lever mechanism so as to obtain the load born by the concrete test piece;
the counterweight mechanism comprises a pulley mechanism, a weight is arranged on the pulley mechanism, and the weight spans the pulley mechanism through a pull rope and is connected with one end of the lever mechanism;
the sleeve mechanism comprises studs, two studs arranged on two sides of the lever mechanism are sleeved with sleeves, the sleeves are connected through connecting pieces, the connecting pieces penetrate through the lever mechanism to form a fulcrum of the lever mechanism, the pressing plate penetrates through the studs, and the concrete test piece is arranged on the lower portion of the pressing plate;
the stud is sleeved with a sleeve, and the sleeve is connected with the lever mechanism through a connecting rod to form the fulcrum which can rotate within a set angle range;
the compression bar is in a horizontal state, and the size of the load applied by a single bolt is calculated according to the lever principle;
the test loading method comprises the following steps:
the loading device is arranged in the environment providing equipment to simulate the operation environment;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Placing test pieces and loading steel between a bottom plate and a pressing plate in a four-point bending test mode, transmitting pressure by the loading steel through a plurality of test pieces, and arranging the loading steel on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test pieces;
2) After the test piece is fixed with the loading steel, the loading device is arranged on the environment providing equipment, and load is manually applied to the lever mechanism through the counterweight mechanism;
3) In order to ensure the horizontal state of the compression bar in the lever mechanism, the compression piece is rotated to generate acting force on the compression plate;
4) When the air bubble in the lever mechanism is centered, the load applied by a single pressing piece can be calculated according to the lever principle, so that the load born by the pressing plate is calculated, and the durability of the concrete test piece under the coupling action of the load and the environment is checked.
2. The method for testing and loading concrete under the coupling effect of load and various environments according to claim 1, wherein the lever mechanism comprises a pressing rod, and a level gauge is arranged at the middle section of the pressing rod to confirm whether the pressing rod is horizontal.
3. The method for testing and loading concrete under the coupling effect of load and various environments according to claim 1, wherein the weight is arranged in a hanging basket, and the hanging basket is connected with the pull rope.
4. The method for testing and loading concrete under the coupling effect of load and various environments according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the counterweight mechanism is arranged on a bottom plate, a supporting piece is arranged on the bottom plate, and the supporting piece penetrates through the pressing plate to determine the horizontal position of the pressing plate.
5. The method for testing and loading concrete under the coupling action of load and various environments according to claim 1, wherein a spring is sleeved on the stud at the lower part of the sleeve, and a nut is arranged between the spring and the sleeve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710236741.3A CN106841577B (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2017-04-12 | Concrete loading device and method applicable to load-environment coupling effect |
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| CN201710236741.3A CN106841577B (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2017-04-12 | Concrete loading device and method applicable to load-environment coupling effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109540708A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-29 | 南昌大学 | A kind of test method of simulation concrete under load and environmental factor coupling |
| CN109724863A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-05-07 | 南京工程学院 | Apply the device and its test method of constant load for cement-based material test specimen |
| CN109507016A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of multifactor Under Concrete durability test dynamic loading device and method |
| CN111678753B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-12-02 | 河海大学 | Underground cavern simulation experiment device and experiment method |
| CN113791199A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 郑州大学 | Concrete test device under simulation load and environmental factor coupling effect |
| CN114047080B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-12-08 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Concrete beam loading device under coupling action of sulfate soaking and continuous load |
| CN116335105B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-08-01 | 烟台市交通运输服务中心(烟台市城市轨道交通建设服务中心、烟台市铁路建设服务中心) | Highway subgrade fixed-point compression pressure measuring device |
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| CN101251468A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2008-08-27 | 深圳大学 | Loading equipment for corrosion test of concrete sample with stress action |
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| CN104034596A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-10 | 盐城工学院 | Lever horizontal-pulling type concrete creep and elasticity modulus test device |
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| CN1948945A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-04-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Material flowing deformation disturbed effect testing system and testing method thereof |
| CN101251468A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2008-08-27 | 深圳大学 | Loading equipment for corrosion test of concrete sample with stress action |
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