CN106840729B - Test device for simulating rectangular shield sectional excavation - Google Patents
Test device for simulating rectangular shield sectional excavation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840729B CN106840729B CN201710164322.3A CN201710164322A CN106840729B CN 106840729 B CN106840729 B CN 106840729B CN 201710164322 A CN201710164322 A CN 201710164322A CN 106840729 B CN106840729 B CN 106840729B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a test device for simulating sectional excavation of a rectangular shield, which comprises a plurality of unit rectangular shield machines which are sequentially connected, wherein each unit rectangular shield machine comprises a driving control unit, two contraction mechanisms and an outer frame; the drive control unit comprises four drive motors, wherein the power output end of each drive motor is connected with a worm gear screw, and the rear end of each drive motor is connected with a power-on lead; the four driving motors are respectively fixed and encircled on each supporting frame through motor fixing pieces. The invention uses a mechanical structure, adopts a rigid mechanical structure and a shell, effectively resists compression and deformation, and ensures more accurate data. The adoption of the sectional control is more in line with the data change in the actual simulation. The method is simple and convenient, and simultaneously considers the influence of the quasi-rectangular shield machine on soil loss in the operation process, and the adopted motor control can also better perform relevant indoor model tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a test device for simulating rectangular-like shield segmented excavation.
Background
A novel shield construction method: the quasi-rectangular shield construction method is already applied to the Chinese Ningbo subway No. 3 line engineering. In the construction process of the quasi-rectangular shield, surrounding soil deformation can be caused, and the surrounding underground pipelines and buildings are inevitably influenced. In this regard, intensive research is necessary to help ensure safety during construction.
In the research process, a plurality of uncertain factors exist in the field test, so that an indoor shrinkage dimension model test is mostly adopted, and in view of the test requirement, the test device simulating the rectangular shield sectional type excavation can be more convenient for test, and the obtained test data can provide effective help for actual construction in the future.
According to the existing data, the related shrinkage dimension simulation experiment of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is less. And most soil body simulation experiments have the following defects:
(1) Only a single-section shield machine model performs shrinkage and expansion simulation, and only two-dimensional soil deformation is researched;
(2) Most of the existing rectangular simulation shield machines are not fine and rough enough, and have certain influence on the accuracy of data; or manually operated, and the operation is complicated.
Or the experimental study of the simulated tunneling of the rectangular shield machine, which is made by Shanghai shield design experimental study center, is carried out, wherein the rectangular shield machine for the test with the section size of 1200mm multiplied by 1000mm is used, and the test machine adopts a cutting tool with a cross structure for tunneling, is driven by two groups of speed reducers and oil motor driving devices, and is additionally provided with a centralized lubrication system; or a similar rectangular shield cutting propulsion simulation test system adopted by the university of the same as Budwin. In view of the fact that both model test systems are scaled up with the actual shield structure, the greatest disadvantage is that:
(3) Aiming at large-scale model tests or field tests, the cost is far higher than that of the model test device of the quasi-rectangular shield machine self-made by the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and aims to provide a sectional type shrinkage dimension test device for simulating the excavation of a quasi-rectangular shield, and provides a 1:20 shrinkage dimension quasi-rectangular shield model machine, wherein the three-dimensional soil deformation is considered through sectional design, the shield machine is controlled by adopting a motor, the operation is convenient, the test time is saved, meanwhile, the shrinkage model machine with a rigid shell is adopted to achieve the aim of simulating the soil loss caused by the operation of the shield machine, the soil loss with higher precision and the soil deformation which is more consistent with the actual situation can be controlled, more real and accurate experimental data are provided for tunnel construction and design, and the high efficiency and safety of urban shield tunnel construction are ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a test device for simulating sectional excavation of a rectangular shield, which comprises a plurality of unit rectangular shield machines which are sequentially connected, wherein each unit rectangular shield machine comprises a driving control unit, two contraction mechanisms and an outer frame;
the drive control unit comprises four drive motors, wherein the power output end of each drive motor is connected with a worm gear screw, and the rear end of each drive motor is connected with a power-on lead;
the four driving motors are respectively fixed and encircled on each supporting frame through motor fixing pieces;
the outer frame is formed by connecting four arc-like shell pieces, two adjacent arc-like shell pieces are respectively inlaid through a groove structure, and a movable gap is kept between the two adjacent arc-like shell pieces; a mud guard is arranged outside the movable gap between two adjacent arc-shaped sheets;
shrink mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the unit rectangular shield machine;
the two shrinkage mechanisms are divided into a lifting mechanism and a horizontal shrinkage mechanism, wherein:
the lifting mechanism comprises a turntable, a rotating rod, an arc-shaped lifting block and a supporting frame; the horizontal contraction mechanism comprises a gear and a rotating shaft;
the rotary table is connected with the supporting frame through a rotary shaft, the rotary table is connected with the arc-shaped lifting block through a rotary rod, and a gear arranged at the driving output end is meshed with a rack on the supporting frame; the other end of the supporting frame is fixedly connected with the outer frame;
the turntable is driven to rotate by the driving control unit, so that the rotating rod is driven to rotate the arc-shaped lifting block, the upper supporting frame and the lower supporting frame vertically move, and the height change of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is realized;
meanwhile, the driving control unit rotates the gear to drive the rack connected with the support frames, so that the left support frame and the right support frame horizontally move, and the width change of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is realized.
As preferable: two adjacent unit shield machines are connected through a rubber film sleeve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the innovation point of the invention is: the mechanical structure is used, the rigid mechanical structure and the shell are adopted, the deformation is prevented by the effective compression resistance, and the data is more accurate.
The innovation point of the invention is II: the adoption of the sectional control is more in line with the data change in the actual simulation.
The innovation point of the invention is three: the control of the device can be completely controlled by a computer or an electronic control terminal, so that the operation is convenient and stable, and multiple experiments can be better simulated.
According to the invention, the motor and the gear are adopted to control the rotation shrinkage amplitude, the rotation shrinkage is easy to control and stable, the shrinkage can be performed firstly and then the shrinkage is performed, and the soil loss process of the rectangular-like shield tunneling machine is completely simulated.
The invention adopts a plurality of unit rectangular shield machine combinations, the number of the unit rectangular shield machines can be adjusted to simulate different lengths in a plurality of model boxes, and the unit rectangular shield machines are convenient to combine with the unit rectangular shield machines.
The method is simple and convenient, and simultaneously considers the influence of the quasi-rectangular shield machine on soil loss in the operation process, and the adopted motor control can also better perform relevant indoor model tests.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the area difference of the device of the present invention before and after shrinkage.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention before contraction.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the device of the present invention after contraction.
Reference numerals: gear (1), driving motor (2), arc elevating block (3), fender (4), outer frame (5), support frame (6), bull stick (7), carousel (8), pivot (9), motor fastener (10).
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the attached drawings in the specification:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a specific embodiment of a test device for simulating sectional excavation of a rectangular-like shield, which comprises a plurality of unit rectangular-like shield machines which are sequentially connected, wherein each unit rectangular-like shield machine comprises a drive control unit, two contraction mechanisms and an outer frame 5, the drive control unit comprises four drive motors 2, and the power output end of each drive motor 2 is connected with a worm gear screw, and the rear end of each drive motor is connected with a power-on lead; the four driving motors 2 are respectively fixed and encircled on each supporting frame 6 through motor fixing pieces 10; the outer frame 5 is formed by connecting four arc-like shell pieces, two adjacent arc-like shell pieces are respectively inlaid through a groove structure, and a movable gap is kept between the two adjacent arc-like shell pieces; a mud guard 4 is arranged outside the movable gap between two adjacent arc-shaped sheets; as shown in fig. 4 and 5: two ends of the unit rectangular shield machine are respectively provided with a contraction mechanism, and the two contraction mechanisms are divided into a lifting mechanism and a horizontal contraction mechanism, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a turntable 8, a rotating rod 7, an arc-shaped lifting block 3 and a supporting frame 6; the horizontal contraction mechanism comprises a gear 1 and a rotating shaft 9; the turntable 8 is connected with the supporting frame 6 through a rotating shaft 9, the turntable 8 is connected with the arc-shaped lifting block 3 through a rotating rod 7, and the gear 1 arranged at the driving output end is meshed with a rack on the supporting frame 6; the other end of the supporting frame 6 is fixedly connected with the outer frame 5; the turntable 8 is rotated through the drive control unit, the rotating rod 7 is driven, the arc-shaped lifting block 3 is rotated, the upper supporting frame 6 and the lower supporting frame 6 are vertically moved, and the height change of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is realized; meanwhile, the control unit is driven to rotate the gear 1 to drive the rack connected with the support frame 6, so that the left support frame 6 and the right support frame 6 horizontally move, and the width change of the quasi-rectangular shield tunneling machine is realized.
Wherein: two adjacent unit shield machines are connected through a rubber film sleeve.
The working process and working principle of the invention are as follows: the model is installed and placed in an experimental soil tank, then the actual soil pressure in the actual construction environment is simulated by filling soil, the model is buried in the soil, and the model is contracted in volume under the control of a control end, so that the soil loss phenomenon of the simulated rectangular shield machine in the excavated tunnel is realized.
A drive control unit: the model device is driven by a plurality of motors, four driving motors are in a group, each unit type rectangular shield machine is provided with two groups of driving motors and two groups of speed reducers, and the model device is provided with a supporting and fixing device. The driving motor rotates to enable the lifting mechanism and the horizontal contraction mechanism to move, in order to enable the driving motor to stop moving, fix the volume and keep stable, self-locking performance of the worm wheel is adopted, and a worm and gear mechanism is arranged at the power output position of the driving motor. The output of the driving motor is connected with the contraction mechanism, the rear end of the driving motor is connected with the energizing wires, each group of energizing wires controls one group of driving motor, and a plurality of groups of energizing wires are connected with the external control end. The control end can respectively control each group of driving motors, and the two groups of driving motors control the motion of a unit rectangular shield tunneling machine, so that the model realizes sectional control.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the retraction mechanism: the two ends of the quasi-rectangular shield machine are respectively provided with a contraction mechanism, and the contraction mechanisms are divided into a lifting mechanism and a horizontal contraction mechanism. Lifting mechanism: the rotary table is rotated by the drive control unit to drive the rotary rod, so that the arc-shaped lifting block is rotated, the upper supporting frame and the lower supporting frame are vertically moved, and the height of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is changed; horizontal shrink mechanism: the driving control unit rotates the gear to drive the rack connected with the support frame, so that the left support frame and the right support frame horizontally move, and the width of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is changed. In order to change the area of the circular section and achieve the purpose of simulating land loss caused by a rectangular-like shield machine by changing the volume of a cylinder, a lifting mechanism and a horizontal contraction mechanism are driven to move by a driving motor, the height and width of the model are changed, and an outer frame hardly rotates clockwise and anticlockwise greatly under various factors such as friction force, external pressure and the like, and is contracted inwards under the action of the contraction mechanism, the area of the rectangular-like section is changed as shown in figure 1 before and after contraction, so that the volume is changed, and the calculation requirement is reduced by 5%.
The rectangular outer frame is composed of four arc-like shell pieces, the joints of the rectangular outer frame are embedded to prevent sand from entering the joints to cause blocking or not shrinking, and the mud guard is arranged on the outer layer.
The area loss formula in fig. 1 is:
Wherein: x is the horizontal width in mm; y is vertical height, unit mm; Δx is the amount of horizontal width change in mm; ΔY is the vertical height change in mm. The present model x=575 mm; y=350 mm.
Model segment connection: two groups of driving motors, two groups of shrinkage mechanisms and an outer frame are combined to form a unit type rectangular shield machine, each unit type rectangular shield machine is connected with a control end respectively, the control ends can control shrinkage of each unit type rectangular shield machine according to a specific sequence, the purpose of segmented control is achieved, the detected data are segmented, and simulation similar to soil loss in the forward pushing process of the unit type rectangular shield machine is generated. The horizontal calibration and supporting device is arranged right below each unit type rectangular shield machine, and the unit type rectangular shield machines are connected with each other through rubber film sleeves, so that each unit type rectangular shield machine cannot deviate, and three-dimensional accuracy is improved.
Through the coordinated operation of the device, the control end can respectively control the shrinkage of each unit type rectangular shield machine according to a specific sequence, so that the soil loss is gradually carried out, the complete simulation of the soil loss in the real tunnel construction is realized, and the soil change is dataized by matching with other monitoring equipment.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and not limiting, and any simple modifications of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The test device for simulating sectional excavation of the rectangular shield is characterized by comprising a plurality of unit rectangular shield machines which are sequentially connected, wherein each unit rectangular shield machine comprises a drive control unit, two contraction mechanisms and an outer frame (5), the drive control unit comprises four drive motors (2), the power output end of each drive motor (2) is connected with a worm gear screw for driving the contraction mechanism, and the rear end of each drive motor (2) is connected with an electrified lead; the four driving motors (2) are respectively fixed and encircled on each supporting frame (6) through motor fixing pieces (10);
the outer frame (5) is formed by connecting four similar arc-shaped shell pieces, two adjacent similar arc-shaped shell pieces are respectively inlaid through a groove structure, and a movable gap is kept between the two adjacent arc-shaped pieces; two ends of the unit rectangular shield machine are respectively provided with a contraction mechanism, and the two contraction mechanisms are divided into a lifting mechanism and a horizontal contraction mechanism, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a turntable (8), a rotating rod (7), an arc-shaped lifting block (3) and a supporting frame (6); the horizontal contraction mechanism comprises a gear (1) and a rotating shaft (9); the rotary table (8) is connected with the supporting frame (6) through a rotary shaft (9), the rotary table (8) is connected with the arc-shaped lifting block (3) through a rotary rod (7), and the gear (1) arranged at the driving output end is meshed with a rack on the supporting frame (6); the other end of the supporting frame (6) is fixedly connected with the outer frame (5); the rotary table (8) is rotated through the driving control unit, the rotary rod (7) is driven to rotate the arc-shaped lifting block (3), the upper supporting frame (6) and the lower supporting frame are vertically moved, and the height change of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is realized;
meanwhile, the control unit is driven to rotate the gear (1) to drive the racks connected with the support frames (6) so as to enable the left support frame (6) and the right support frame (6) to horizontally move, and the width change of the quasi-rectangular shield machine is realized;
each unit type rectangular shield machine is connected with a control end, and the control end can respectively control the shrinkage of each unit type rectangular shield machine according to a specific sequence.
2. The test device for simulating rectangular-like shield segmented excavation according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent unit shield machines are connected through a rubber film sleeve.
3. Test device for simulating rectangular-like shield-driven segmented excavation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a fender (4) is mounted outside the active gap between two adjacent arcuate segments.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710164322.3A CN106840729B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Test device for simulating rectangular shield sectional excavation |
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| CN201710164322.3A CN106840729B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Test device for simulating rectangular shield sectional excavation |
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| CN106840729A CN106840729A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106840729B true CN106840729B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN107387098A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of destruction initiating device for simulating shield tunnel local failure accident |
| CN108896329B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Sectional type shrinkage dimension test device for simulating horseshoe shield excavation |
| CN108776032B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2024-01-30 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Sectional type shrinkage dimension test device for simulating rectangular shield excavation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU569717A1 (en) * | 1975-11-04 | 1977-08-25 | Центральный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт проходческих машин и комплексов для угольной горной промышленности и подземного строительства | Actuator of mining shield |
| JPH0765460B2 (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1995-07-19 | 日産建設株式会社 | Self-propelled sealed shield machine |
| US5920005A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-07-06 | Moss; Arthur L. | Geosynthetic liner testing apparatus and method |
| CN205638466U (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-10-12 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Interval shield tunnel ground drilling cultellation retest device of speciality |
| CN106198931B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-06-08 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of experimental rig simulated shield segmented and excavated |
| CN206573306U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-10-20 | 浙江大学城市学院 | It is a kind of to simulate the experimental rig that class rectangle shield segmented is excavated |
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