CN106837227B

CN106837227B - Underground static pressure energy cable setting tool

Info

Publication number: CN106837227B
Application number: CN201710188592.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘星
Original assignee: Chengdu Zhongyou Drilling & Production Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Zhongyou Drilling & Production Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-03-27
Filing date: 2017-03-27
Publication date: 2023-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-27
Also published as: CN106837227A

Abstract

The invention relates to a downhole static pressure energy cable setting tool, which is used for setting bridge plugs, packers and other downhole tools requiring axial force in the petroleum and natural gas development process. According to the invention, by opening the liquid inlet switch of the setting tool, one end of the piston of the original balanced setting tool is contacted with pressure liquid or gas medium in the well, and the other end of the piston still keeps the low-pressure state before the liquid inlet switch is opened to form pressure difference, so that the piston is pressed to generate axial force by breaking the balance, and the purpose of setting the bridge plug, the packer and other downhole tools is achieved. Compared with the traditional cable setting tool, the cable setting tool has lower use cost, higher use performance and safer use environment.

Description

Underground static pressure energy cable setting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to a downhole static pressure energy cable setting tool, which is used for setting bridge plugs, packers and other downhole tools requiring axial force in the petroleum and natural gas development process.

Background

At present, in the exploitation of petroleum and natural gas industry, tools such as setting bridge plugs, packers and the like which need axial setting force are commonly used for transmitting hydraulic setting tools or cable transmission in a closed mode through oil pipes and the like, slow-burning gunpowder is detonated through electric ignition, and the piston is pressed to generate axial force by utilizing the pressure generated by the combustion and expansion of the gunpowder. The hydraulic setting tool capable of transmitting hydraulic pressure in a closed manner such as an oil pipe has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and the like, but the required supporting equipment is more, the construction period is long, and the use cost is high; the cable transmission, the electric ignition and the detonation of the slow-burning powder, and the utilization of the pressure generated by the combustion and expansion of the powder to enable the piston to be pressed to generate the axial force of the hydraulic setting tool overcome the defects of the hydraulic setting tool, but the use cost of the slow-burning powder and other consumables is still high, and in general, the setting force and the setting stroke of the setting tool of one type depend on the quantity and the performance of the slow-burning powder and are generally fixed and non-adjustable. The application range is limited to a certain extent, and once the setting force is insufficient, the setting tool is blocked underground and cannot be taken out, so that the subsequent treatment is very complex. In addition, the cable transmission setting tool used at present is greatly limited in storage, transportation and use environments due to control conditions caused by the use of inflammable and explosive substances such as detonators, gunpowder and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the downhole static pressure energy cable setting tool has the advantages of lower use cost, higher use performance and safer use environment.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the underground static pressure energy cable setting tool comprises a cylinder barrel, wherein one end of the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with an upper joint, and the other end of the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with a lower joint; an upper piston, an intermediate joint and a lower piston are sequentially sleeved in the cylinder barrel, the intermediate joint is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, thrust is transmitted between the upper piston and the lower piston through an upper push rod, and the end part of the upper push rod is sleeved in the intermediate joint, so that the tail end of the upper piston, the front end of the intermediate joint, the inner wall of the cylinder barrel and the outer wall of the upper push rod are matched to form a closed third air cavity; the rear end of the lower piston is connected with a lower push rod, and the tail end of the lower push rod penetrates out of the middle of the lower joint, so that the rear end of the lower piston, the front end of the lower joint, the inner wall of the cylinder barrel and the outer wall of the lower push rod are matched to form a closed fourth air cavity; the middle part of the upper joint is provided with a isolating plug, and the upper joint forms a first air cavity at the front end of the isolating plug and is used for installing a motor or an electromagnet or an ignition tube for starting the isolating plug; the upper joint forms a second air cavity between the rear end of the isolation plug and the front end of the upper piston; the side wall of the upper joint is provided with a liquid inlet at the connecting part of the isolation plug, and the isolation plug moves forwards or backwards to enable the liquid inlet to be communicated with the second air cavity; the tail end of the lower push rod is fixedly connected with a push plate, the push plate is fixedly connected with a push sleeve, a pull rod joint is sleeved in the push sleeve, and after the pull rod joint sequentially penetrates through the push sleeve and the push plate along the axial direction, the pull rod joint is fixedly connected to the end part of the lower joint and is provided with a hole for the lower push rod to penetrate through in the axial direction.

Further is: a motor or an electromagnet or a squib capable of moving the isolating plug is arranged in the first air cavity.

Further is: the second air chamber is provided with the filter, is provided with the fly leaf behind the filter, and the aperture of orifice is greater than the aperture of filtration pore on the filter on the fly leaf, prevents the less solid impurity that remains after filtering from blockking up the orifice.

Further is: the upper push rod is of a hollow structure, and the second air cavity is communicated to the front end of the lower piston. The filter plate and the throttle plate are arranged in front of the upper piston, the upper piston is provided with a secondary throttle screw, and the aperture of the throttle hole on the secondary throttle screw is equivalent to that of the throttle hole on the throttle plate.

Further is: the front ends of the middle joint and the lower joint are provided with bulges, and the second air cavity is communicated with a cavity formed among the middle joint, the outer wall of the upper push rod and the front end of the lower piston.

Further is: the isolating plug is connected with the upper joint through a safety shear pin of the starting valve.

Further is: the push sleeve is connected with the pull rod joint through a safety shear pin.

Further is: the push plate is provided with a push plate limit sleeve.

Further is: the two sides of the liquid inlet hole of the isolation plug are sleeved with O-shaped sealing rings; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the upper joint and the matching surface of the cylinder barrel; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper piston and the cylinder barrel; o-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the two ends of the middle joint and the matching surfaces of the cylinder barrel; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower piston and the cylinder barrel; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower joint and the cylinder barrel; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod and the upper piston; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod and the middle joint; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower push rod and the lower joint.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: by opening the liquid inlet switch of the setting tool, one end of the piston of the original balanced setting tool is contacted with pressure liquid or gas medium in the well, the other end of the piston still keeps the low-pressure state before the liquid inlet switch is opened to form pressure difference, and the piston is pressed to generate axial force by breaking the balance, so that the purpose of setting the underground tools such as bridge plugs, packers and the like is achieved.

The invention has simple structure and less auxiliary consumption accessories than the traditional setting tool. According to the setting force and the downhole hydrostatic conditions required by bridge plugs, packers and the like, the required setting shaft force and stroke can be conveniently achieved by adjusting the number of the hydraulic cylinders of the tool. Compared with the traditional cable setting tool which uses slow-burning powder, once the powder is shaped, the energy of the powder is calibrated, and in the process of stroke change, the setting tool is limited in stroke due to the fact that the burning volume of the powder is increased and the energy is gradually attenuated. The downhole hydrostatic cable setting tool utilizes downhole pressure as an energy source, which is quite sufficient compared with the energy required by the setting tool, and can provide continuous energy support according to the design stroke of the setting tool, so that the setting force is ensured not to be attenuated due to the increase of the stroke. And when the expected setting force is insufficient, the downhole pressure of the tool can be increased in a way of pressurizing towards the wellhead, so that the setting force is increased to achieve the aim of smoothly taking off hands. In addition, for the cable which is conditionally electrified with larger current and longer time, the device can completely discard the fire products controlled by detonators, gunpowder and the like used by the traditional cable setting tool, realize the opening of the liquid inlet switch of the device by using an electromagnetic valve, a motor and the like, completely discard consumed materials such as the detonators, the gunpowder and the like, save a large amount of material cost such as the detonators, the gunpowder and the like, and is not limited by the control of the fire products, thereby greatly improving the application safety of the cable setting tool.

Compared with the traditional cable setting tool, the cable setting tool has lower use cost, higher use performance and safer use environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a semi-sectional structural assembly view of the present invention;

the components and labels in the figures: 1-upper joint, 2-isolation plug, 3-O type sealing washer, 4-start valve safety shear pin, 5-screw, 6-cylinder, 7-feed liquor hole, 8-upper piston, 9-upper push rod, 10-intermediate joint, 11-lower piston, 12-lower push rod, 13-lower joint, 14-push plate limit sleeve, 15-push plate, 16-safety shear pin, 17-push sleeve, 18-pull rod joint, 19-first air cavity, 20-second air cavity, 21-filter plate, 22-throttle plate, 23-second throttle screw, 24-third air cavity, 25-fourth air cavity.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a cylinder 6, wherein one end of the cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with an upper joint 1, and the other end is fixedly connected with a lower joint 13; an upper piston 8, an intermediate joint 10 and a lower piston 11 are sequentially sleeved in the cylinder barrel 6, the intermediate joint 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 6, thrust is transmitted between the upper piston 8 and the lower piston 11 through an upper push rod 9, and the end part of the upper push rod 9 is sleeved in the intermediate joint 10, so that the tail end of the upper piston 8, the front end of the intermediate joint 10, the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 6 and the outer wall of the upper push rod 9 are matched to form a closed third air cavity 24; the rear end of the lower piston 11 is connected with a lower push rod 12, and the tail end of the lower push rod 12 penetrates out of the middle of the lower joint 13, so that the rear end of the lower piston 11, the front end of the lower joint 13, the inner wall of the cylinder 6 and the outer wall of the lower push rod 12 are matched to form a closed fourth air cavity 25; the middle part of the upper connector 1 is provided with a isolating plug 2, and the upper connector 1 forms a first air cavity 19 at the front end of the isolating plug 2 for installing a motor or an electromagnet or a squib for starting the isolating plug 2; the upper joint 1 forms a second air chamber 20 between the rear end of the isolating plug 2 and the front end of the upper piston 8; the side wall of the upper joint 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 7 at the connecting part of the isolation plug 2, and the isolation plug 2 moves forwards or backwards to enable the liquid inlet 7 to be communicated with the second air cavity 20; the tail end of the lower push rod 12 is fixedly connected with a push plate 15, the push plate 15 is fixedly connected with a push sleeve 17, a pull rod joint 18 is sleeved in the push sleeve 17, the pull rod joint 18 sequentially penetrates through the push sleeve 17 and the push plate 15 along the axial direction and then is fixedly connected with the end part of the lower joint 13, and the pull rod joint 18 is provided with a hole for the lower push rod 12 to penetrate through along the axial direction. The fixed connection of the upper joint 1, the lower joint 13 and the middle joint 10 can be realized by adopting threads, pins or a combination thereof.

In view of the well medium and the fire hazard, a filter plate 21 with a plurality of small holes and fine slits is arranged in the second air cavity 20 at the lower end of the upper joint 1, and unclean liquid or gas medium possibly containing sand or other solid substances in the well bore enters the space between the filter plate 21 and the throttle plate 22 through the plurality of small holes and fine slits to become relatively clean medium. A throttle plate 22 is arranged at the lower end of the filter plate 21, and a throttle hole slightly larger than the small hole and the fine slit on the filter plate 21 is arranged on the throttle plate 22. The purpose of the throttle plate 22 is to control the flow rate of fluid into the second air chamber 20 at the rear of the throttle plate 22 and to prevent the high velocity fluid from filling too quickly to move the upper piston 8 and the lower piston 11 too quickly, causing excessive shock.

Preferably, the upper push rod 9 is of a hollow structure, and the second air cavity 20 is communicated with the front end of the lower piston 11, in this embodiment, the filter plate 21 and the throttle plate 22 are arranged in front of the upper piston 8, and preferably, a secondary throttle screw 23 is arranged on the upper piston 8, the aperture of an orifice on the secondary throttle screw 23 is equal to that of an orifice on the throttle plate 22, and according to practical situations, the secondary throttle screw 23 can be extended to increase the secondary throttle effect, and the flow speed of fluid entering the rear part of the upper piston 8 in the second air cavity 20 is controlled; the front ends of the middle joint 10 and the lower joint 13 are provided with bulges, so that the end deformation caused by impact can be prevented, and the second air cavity 20 is communicated with a cavity formed between the middle joint 10, the outer wall of the upper push rod 9 and the front end of the lower piston 11; the stress of the structure can be balanced and the work is stable.

In order to improve the safety of work, the isolating plug 2 is connected with the upper joint 1 through the starting valve safety shear pin 4, and when the isolating plug 2 needs to be driven, the starting valve safety shear pin 4 needs to be broken first.

In order to improve the safety of work, the push sleeve 17 is connected with the pull rod joint 18 through the safety shear pin 16, and before the pull rod joint 18 moves under force, the pressure needs to reach a certain value at first, and the safety shear pin 16 on the push sleeve 17 is sheared.

In order to improve the working reliability of the structure, the push plate 15 is provided with a push plate limit sleeve 14.

In order to improve the working reliability of the structure, the two sides of the liquid inlet 7 of the isolating plug 2 are sleeved with O-shaped sealing rings 3; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper joint 1 and the cylinder barrel 6; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper piston 8 and the cylinder barrel 6; o-shaped sealing rings 3 are arranged between the two ends of the intermediate joint 10 and the matching surface of the cylinder barrel 6; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower piston 11 and the cylinder barrel 6; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower joint 13 and the cylinder barrel 6; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod 9 and the upper piston 8; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod 9 and the middle joint 10; an O-shaped sealing ring 3 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower push rod 12 and the lower joint 13.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the current development operation process of domestic oil and gas fields, many oil and gas wells need to be set and placed with tools such as bridge plugs and packers, and setting tools are important tool components for completing setting and placing of the tools. After the setting tool is assembled to be qualified, the setting tool is connected with a cable through the upper joint 1, and a bridge plug, a packer and the like are connected to the lower part of the pull rod joint 18, so that the tool can be connected into a well in series. The equipment can be conveniently underground to the design position through a lower cable or by adopting a pumping and feeding drill and other modes. The pressure outside the setting tool will gradually increase during the running of the tool into the well and down. Due to the positioning of the isolating plug 2, the pressure outside the setting tool cannot enter the hydraulic cylinder through the inlet opening 7, and the pressure in the first air chamber 19, the second air chamber 20, the third air chamber 24 and the fourth air chamber 25 will remain substantially unchanged when the surface assembly is closed, i.e. the pressure in the front end (left end of the piston) and the rear end (right end of the piston) of all pistons will remain unchanged, without differences. When the tool string is sent to a designed position, the isolating plug 2 is enabled to displace to expose the liquid inlet hole 7 through a detonator ignition or through an electromagnetic valve, a motor and the like when conditions are met, at the moment, the liquid inlet hole 7 is communicated with the second air cavity 20, the pressure of a shaft outside the setting tool enters the hydraulic cylinder through the liquid inlet hole 7, at the moment, the second air cavity 20 is filled with the pressure in the shaft, the pressure before the isolating plug 2 is opened is still kept in the third air cavity 24 and the fourth air cavity 25, so that a front-back small pressure difference is formed at the front end (the left end of the piston and the pressure in the shaft) and the rear end (the pressure of the piston and the air cavity) of the piston, and under the action of the pressure difference, rightward pushing force is generated through the upper piston 8, the upper push rod 9, the lower piston 11, the lower push rod 12, the push plate 15 and the push sleeve 17; the upper joint 1, the cylinder 6, the middle joint 10, the lower joint 13 and the pull rod joint 18 generate left pulling force, the two forces act in pairs on bridge plugs, packers and other devices needing to be set in the setting tool, when the pressure reaches a certain value, the safety shear pins 16 on the push sleeves are sheared, and the upper piston 8, the upper push rod 9, the lower piston 11, the lower push rod 12, the push plate 15 and the push sleeves 17 are pushed to move rightwards due to the fact that air can be compressed, and the upper joint 1, the cylinder 6, the middle joint 10, the lower joint 13 and the pull rod joint 18 are pulled to move leftwards. When the working force and the movement travel reach the design values of the set equipment such as bridge plugs of the set tools, the packers and the like, the set tools are separated from the set equipment, and the set tools are placed.

The invention isolates the energy in the well through the isolating plug 2, so that the first air cavity 19, the second air cavity 20, the third air cavity 24 and the fourth air cavity 25 which are respectively isolated are positioned in the same pressure system, and the pressure system is not influenced by the external pressure change of the setting tool before the isolating plug 2 is opened; when the sitting and laying tool is required to work, the isolating plug 2 is operated by using a cable to ignite, an electromagnetic valve and a motor according to equipment conditions, and the second air cavity 20 which is required to be communicated in the sitting and laying tool is communicated to generate high pressure. The third air chamber 24 and the fourth air chamber 25 which are not communicated still maintain the pressure during the ground assembly, and the compressibility of the air is utilized to enable the movement of the piston and the like to generate axial force and stroke.

Claims

1. Underground static pressure energy cable sits and puts instrument, its characterized in that: comprises a cylinder barrel (6), wherein one end of the cylinder barrel (6) is fixedly connected with an upper joint (1), and the other end is fixedly connected with a lower joint (13); an upper piston (8), an intermediate joint (10) and a lower piston (11) are sequentially sleeved in the cylinder barrel (6), the intermediate joint (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (6), thrust is transmitted between the upper piston (8) and the lower piston (11) through an upper push rod (9), the end part of the upper push rod (9) is sleeved in the intermediate joint (10), and the tail end of the upper piston (8), the front end of the intermediate joint (10), the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (6) and the outer wall of the upper push rod (9) are matched to form a closed third air cavity (24); the rear end of the lower piston (11) is connected with a lower push rod (12), and the tail end of the lower push rod (12) penetrates out of the middle of the lower joint (13), so that the rear end of the lower piston (11), the front end of the lower joint (13), the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (6) and the outer wall of the lower push rod (12) are matched to form a closed fourth air cavity (25); the middle part of the upper joint (1) is provided with a isolating plug (2), the upper joint (1) forms a first air cavity (19) at the front end of the isolating plug (2) and is used for installing a motor or an electromagnet or an ignition tube for starting the isolating plug (2), and the upper joint (1) forms a second air cavity (20) between the rear end of the isolating plug (2) and the front end of the upper piston (8); the side wall of the upper connector (1) is provided with a liquid inlet hole (7) at the connecting part of the isolation plug (2), and the isolation plug (2) moves forwards or backwards to enable the liquid inlet hole (7) to be communicated with the second air cavity (20); the tail end of the lower push rod (12) is fixedly connected with a push plate (15), the push plate (15) is fixedly connected with a push sleeve (17), a pull rod joint (18) is sleeved in the push sleeve (17), the pull rod joint (18) sequentially penetrates through the push sleeve (17) and the push plate (15) along the axial direction and then is fixedly connected with the end part of the lower joint (13), and the pull rod joint (18) is provided with a hole for the lower push rod (12) to penetrate through in the axial direction; a motor or an electromagnet or a squib capable of moving the isolating plug (2) is arranged in the first air cavity (19); the upper push rod (9) is of a hollow structure, and the second air cavity (20) is communicated with the front end of the lower piston (11).

2. The downhole static energy cable landing tool of claim 1, wherein: a filter plate (21) is arranged in the second air cavity (20), a throttle plate (22) is arranged behind the filter plate (21), and the aperture of a throttle hole on the throttle plate (22) is larger than the aperture of a filter hole on the filter plate (21); the filter plate (21) and the throttle plate (22) are arranged in front of the upper piston (8), the upper piston (8) is provided with a secondary throttle screw (23), and the aperture of the throttle hole on the secondary throttle screw (23) is equivalent to the aperture of the throttle hole on the throttle plate (22).

3. The downhole static energy cable landing tool of claim 1, wherein: the front end of the middle joint (10) and the front end of the lower joint (13) are provided with bulges; the second air cavity (20) is communicated with a cavity formed among the middle joint (10), the outer wall of the upper push rod (9) and the front end of the lower piston (11).

4. A downhole static energy cable landing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the isolating plug (2) is connected with the upper joint (1) through a starting valve safety shear pin (4).

5. A downhole static energy cable landing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the push sleeve (17) is connected with the pull rod joint (18) through a safety shear pin (16).

6. A downhole static energy cable landing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the push plate (15) is provided with a push plate limit sleeve (14).

7. A downhole static energy cable landing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the two sides of the liquid inlet hole (7) of the isolation plug (2) are sleeved with O-shaped sealing rings (3); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper joint (1) and the cylinder barrel (6); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper piston (8) and the cylinder barrel (6);

o-shaped sealing rings (3) are arranged between the two ends of the intermediate joint (10) and the matching surface of the cylinder barrel (6); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower piston (11) and the cylinder barrel (6); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower joint (13) and the cylinder barrel (6); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod (9) and the upper piston (8);

an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the upper push rod (9) and the middle joint (10); an O-shaped sealing ring (3) is arranged between the matching surfaces of the lower push rod (12) and the lower joint (13).