CN106834992B - TiAl alloy casting and its treatment process - Google Patents
TiAl alloy casting and its treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834992B CN106834992B CN201510884450.6A CN201510884450A CN106834992B CN 106834992 B CN106834992 B CN 106834992B CN 201510884450 A CN201510884450 A CN 201510884450A CN 106834992 B CN106834992 B CN 106834992B
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- tial alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of TiAl alloy casting and its preparation processes, can be reduced production process.The preparation process of TiAl alloy casting therein includes carrying out hot isostatic pressing to casting, and using the hot isostatic pressing in the spontaneous protective layer in the surface of the casting, the protective layer is γ-TiAl layers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to TiAl alloy casting and its treatment process.
Background technique
TiAl alloy is the high-strength light high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion alloy based on intermetallic compound.Its high temperature resistant and anticorrosive
Degree it is related with alloying component, but the TiAl alloy (low-pressure turbine being used primarily in for being used in current aero-engine
Rotor blade etc. needs component resistant to high temperature), maximum operation (service) temperature is usually no more than 650 DEG C.In order to improve the work of engine
Make efficiency, reduce energy consumption, reduce pollutant emission, improving engine chamber outlet temperature and mitigating engine weight is to start
The important channel of machine design.Therefore, TiAl alloy is since the advantage of its own material property is in aero-engine low-pressure turbine leaf
The application of the parts such as piece is got more and more attention.But as the temperature that Related product is subjected to is higher and higher, working environment is increasingly
The application range of complexity, TiAl alloy is gradually expanded, and the oxidation resistance and resistance to corrosion of TiAl alloy gradually become limitation
Its significant obstacle for being engineered application.
For this purpose, the research hotspot for having become the field in relation to improving the anti-oxidant research with resistance to corrosion of TiAl alloy,
And have some progress.These researchs, which are concentrated mainly on through surface covering or modification, improves the anti-oxidant and anti-of TiAl alloy
Corrosive power.Such as:
Coating enamel coating in surface is referred in patent CN1142113C, which is that enamel powder is put into dehydrated alcohol
It is sufficiently stirred, is then sprayed at specimen surface, is sintered after drying.
A kind of utilize is mentioned in patent CN1789486A and forms an aluminium film on TiAl alloy surface, then in alloy surface
Processing is diffused to form a TiAl3 layers, to improve the antioxygenic property of alloy.
It is 60~90% that TiAl alloy workpiece can be immersed mass percent concentration by, which proposing in patent CN1087788C,
The modified technique that phosphate aqueous solution is handled, to improve the oxidation resistance of workpiece.
Currently, the research of similar raising TiAl alloy inoxidizability and corrosion resistance be all based on material surface coating or
It is modified, but from the perspective of engineering, surface covering or modified all in the presence of increase production process, production cycle and production cost
The problem of.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of TiAl alloy preparation processes, can be reduced production process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of TiAl alloy casting, with spontaneous protective layer.
A kind of TiAl alloy casting, including protective layer, it is described protective layer used in anti-oxidant and anticorrosive, wherein the guarantor
Sheath is γ-TiAl layers.
Preferably, the protective layer thickness is 1~50 μm.
A kind of preparation process of TiAl alloy, including hot isostatic pressing is carried out to casting, which is characterized in that utilize described heat etc.
For static pressure in the spontaneous protective layer in the surface of the casting, the protective layer is γ-TiAl layers.
Preferably, the hot isostatic pressing includes following technological parameter:
Temperature: 1200~1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 1~4h；
Pressure: 140-160MPa；
Gas medium: partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 of the protective gas in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm。
Preferably, the protective gas is Ar gas.
Preferably, the surface of the casting carried out blast, grinding or electrolysis throwing before the hot isostatic pressing
Light processing.
Preferably, the pressure of the blast controls between 2-5atm.
Preferably, the alloying component atomic percent range of the TiAl alloy casting are as follows: Ti: surplus；Al:45~49；Cr,
Mn, V:0~2；Nb, W, Mo:0.5~5；B, C:0~1.
The present invention provides TiAl conjunction on the basis of not increasing TiAl alloy cast product manufacturing cycle and preparation cost
The anti-oxidant and anticorrosive protective layer of gold, therefore improve the inoxidizability and corrosion resistance of TiAl alloy.
Detailed description of the invention
The above and other features of the present invention, property and advantage will pass through retouching with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
It states and becomes readily apparent from, in which:
Fig. 1 is the microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture in a comparative example；
Fig. 2 is the microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the surface microhardness photo in the embodiment of the present invention 3 before TiAl alloy casting hot isostatic pressing；
Fig. 5 is the surface microhardness photo in the embodiment of the present invention 4 before TiAl alloy casting hot isostatic pressing；
Fig. 6 is the surface microhardness photo in the embodiment of the present invention 5 before TiAl alloy casting hot isostatic pressing；
Fig. 7 is TiAl alloy casting surface microhardness photo after the hot isostatic pressing in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 8 is TiAl alloy casting surface microhardness photo after the hot isostatic pressing in the embodiment of the present invention 4；
Fig. 9 is TiAl alloy casting surface microhardness photo after the hot isostatic pressing in the embodiment of the present invention 5；
Figure 10 is that surface microhardness of the TiAl alloy casting after above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing shines in the embodiment of the present invention 6
Piece；
Figure 11 is that surface microhardness of the TiAl alloy casting after above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing shines in the embodiment of the present invention 7
Piece；
Figure 12 is that surface microhardness of the TiAl alloy casting after above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing shines in the embodiment of the present invention 8
Piece；
Surface microhardness photo of the TiAl alloy casting after above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing in Figure 13 embodiment of the present invention 9；
Figure 14 is the microphoto after salt spray test of TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface tissue in the embodiment of the present invention 10；
Figure 15 is the microphoto after salt spray test of TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface tissue in a comparative example.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below, elaborates in the following description more
Details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still the present invention obviously can be come with a variety of other ways different from this description it is real
It applies, those skilled in the art can make similar popularization according to practical situations without violating the connotation of the present invention, drill
It unravels silk, therefore should not be limited the scope of the invention with the content of this specific embodiment.
Typical TiAl alloy cast sturcture shown in FIG. 1, is complete lamellar structure, by γ-TiAl phase and α2–Ti3Al phase
It alternately forms, by taking low-pressure turbine blade as an example, it is quiet to generally use heat etc. for the closure defect 1 such as internal stomata, loose, shrinkage cavity
Technique is pressed to carry out hip treatment to casting.
In the TiAl alloy preparation process of aftermentioned embodiment, TiAl alloy component atoms percentage range are as follows: Ti: remaining
Amount；Al:45~49；Cr, Mn, V:0~2；Nb, W, Mo:0.5~5；B, C:0~1.After the demoulding of TiAl alloy casting, through surface
After the processes such as blast, cleaning, drying, carries out X-ray, fluorescent penetrant etc. and examine, reject because of metallurgical imperfection, surface quality etc.
The undesirable casting of problem.Then satisfactory TiAl alloy casting is subjected to hip treatment.In hot isostatic pressing
Later, blast processing is carried out to the surface of TiAl alloy, the superficial layer of the oxide layer and Ti enrichment of element of removing surface porosity is (main
It will be by α2–Ti3Al phase is constituted).After the processing of surface blast, surface clean is carried out by compressed air.In the examples described below,
Mainly hot isostatic pressing is illustrated.Due to aftermentioned each embodiment, by controlling suitable hot isostatic pressing parameter and other influences
Factor can form one layer of Al enrichment of element in the near surface of TiAl alloy casting while eliminating internal defect in cast
It-TiAl layers of γ, plays and improves the anti-oxidant purpose with resistance to corrosion of alloy.The TiAl alloy used in engineering mainly contains two
A phase, γ-TiAl and α2–Ti3Al, but γ-TiAl is due to having better inoxidizability and anti-corruption containing more Al elements
Corrosion.Each embodiment according to the present invention, in hot isostatic pressing, protective gas atmosphere and temperature are to TiAl alloy casting
- TiAl layers of near surface γ of formation of sample is very crucial, and protective gas is usually argon gas, in the other embodiment of the present invention
In, protective gas can also be other inert gases.Form the anti-oxidant and anticorrosive protective layer of pure γ-TiAl, heat etc.
Partial pressure of oxygen general control 1 × 10 during static pressure, in argon gas-3~2 × 10-3Between atm, temperature general control 1200~
1260℃.The temperature of hot isostatic pressing is usually no more than 1260 DEG C, avoids the variation for causing interior tissue, influences TiAl alloy casting
The performance of material.Each embodiment according to the present invention, certain argon atmosphere and at a temperature of, the thickness that-TiAl layers of γ is main
Depending on the time of hot isostatic pressing and the surface state of TiAl alloy casting.The time of hot isostatic pressing is longer, the thickness that-TiAl layers of γ
Degree is bigger, but the time is too long, and-TiAl layers of γ are easy to lose because fully oxidized, and therefore, the time of hot isostatic pressing should not mistake
It is long.
In addition, the deformation extent for increasing cast(ing) surface can also be improved-TiAl layers of γ of thickness.The cast(ing) surface of grinding passes through
It is-TiAl layers of γ thicker than what blast surface was formed after the hot isostatic pressing after hot isostatic pressing.Equally, blast surface is in hot isostatic pressing
Later than electrobrightening surface after the hot isostatic pressing-TiAl layers of γ thick.But for the casting of precise forming, if surface
It does not need to process, generally handles casting surface with blast, on the one hand, the pollution layer of casting surface can be removed, on the other hand,
A certain amount of deformation and bearing stress can also be introduced to casting surface.The pressure of blast is bigger quiet in heat etc. to casting surface
γ-TiAl layers of formation is more advantageous after pressure, and the pressure general control of blast is in 2~5atm.
After hot isostatic pressing, the oxide layer on surface and loose Ti enriched layer can be easy to remove by blast, thus
The cast(ing) surface of TiAl alloy forms the γ-TiAl protective layer of one layer of Al enrichment of element.From the perspective of technology, surface covering
Or modified and the surface oxidation-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating that are formed and the bond strength of matrix be often below the intensity of matrix itself,
Deposit the risk to fall off in advance in use.According to the present invention, it is protected by spontaneous in hot isostatic pressing into γ-TiAl
Layer, it is high with the bond strength of matrix, substantially as matrix self-strength.
Embodiment 1
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 1h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture is as shown in Figure 2.1 μm is formed on the surface of sample after 1h hot isostatic pressing
- TiAl layers of the γ (except outmost oxide skin(coating)) 2 of~3 μ m-thicks is used for anti-oxidant, erosion-resisting protective layer 2.
Embodiment 2
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture is as shown in Figure 3.It is formed surely after 4h hot isostatic pressing on the surface of sample
The nearly surface layer of 20 μm~50 fixed μ m-thicks, i.e. γ-TiAl layer 2, outmost is successively the loose of oxide skin(coating) 4 and richness Ti element
Layer 3, can be easy to be removed with blast, and γ-TiAl layer 2 is for anti-oxidant, erosion-resisting protective layer.
From embodiment 1, embodiment 2 it can be seen that the time of hot isostatic pressing is longer, the thickness of γ-TiAl layer 2 is thicker, still
Hot isostatic pressing is more than after 4 hours, and the thickness change of γ-TiAl layer 2 will be unobvious.
Embodiment 3
Cast(ing) surface shown in Fig. 4 carried out grinding processing between hot isostatic pressing.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface tissue shown in Fig. 4 after the hot isostatic pressing is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 4
Cast(ing) surface shown in fig. 5 carried out blast processing between hot isostatic pressing.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface tissue shown in fig. 5 after the hot isostatic pressing is as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 5
Cast(ing) surface shown in fig. 6 carried out electrobrightening processing between hot isostatic pressing.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)；
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface tissue shown in fig. 6 after the hot isostatic pressing is as shown in Figure 9.
From embodiment 3 to embodiment 5 as can be seen that cast(ing) surface deformation extent is bigger before hot isostatic pressing, heat etc. is quiet
γ-TiAl layers of thickness is thicker after pressure.
Embodiment 6
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: (partial pressure of oxygen is lower than 1 × 10 to Ar gas in hot isostatic pressing-3atm)
Surface microhardness of the TiAl alloy casting after above-mentioned hot isostatic pressing is as shown in Figure 10, wherein without γ-TiAl
Layer plays a part of to absorb oxygen, hot isostatic pressing mistake because sample in hot isostatic pressing, has been put into titanium sponge in crucible
The partial pressure of oxygen of argon gas is lower than 1 × 10 in journey-3atm。
Embodiment 7
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: atmospheric pressure；
Gas medium: air
TiAl alloy cast(ing) surface microscopic structure is as shown in figure 11, there is a very thick oxide layer, and no γ-TiAl layers, air
Oxidation processes, partial pressure of oxygen 0.2atm.
Embodiment 8
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 900 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture is as shown in figure 12, and the specimen surface after hot isostatic pressing is without γ-TiAl
Layer.
Embodiment 9
TiAl alloy casting sample before hot isostatic pressing is handled by electrobrightening.
The major parameter of hip treatment are as follows:
Temperature: 1100 DEG C；
Soaking time: 4h；
Pressure: 150MPa；
Gas medium: Ar gas (partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm)
The microphoto of TiAl alloy cast sturcture is as shown in figure 13, and the specimen surface after hot isostatic pressing is without γ-TiAl
Layer.
In other embodiments, when temperature is lower than 1200 DEG C ,-TiAl layers of γ not will form generally.
Embodiment 10
It is state of the TiAl alloy casting after salt air corrosion shown in Figure 14, γ-TiAl layer 2 is had before corrosion.
Salt spray test through 650 DEG C be the sample of TiAl alloy casting is immersed in the mixed solution of NaCl and sulfide, wherein
The deposition rate of NaCl is 0.75 μ g/cm2/ h, the concentration of sulfide are 100ppm, soaking time 200h, it can be seen that in cigarette
Complete γ-TiAl layer 2 is still remained with after mist test.
In comparative example shown in figure 15, state of the TiAl alloy casting after salt air corrosion, without γ-before corrosion
TiAl layers.Because of no γ-TiAl layers, after the salt spray test through similarity condition, jagged surface texture is formd, to material
Mechanical property has larger impact.
With the raising of aeroengine combustor buring room outlet temperature and the expansion of TiAl alloy application range, need
The temperature that TiAl alloy is born is higher and higher, and the working environment of aero-engine also has certain corrosivity, especially needs
The engine that the engine transoceanically to fly and seashore airport are stopped requires to bear a degree of marine corrosion.Foundation
TiAl alloy of the invention can improve inoxidizability and corrosion resistance, be worked in aero-engine so as to improving TiAl alloy
Safety coefficient and use scope.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification.Therefore, it is all without departing from
The content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention any modification to the above embodiments, equivalent variations
And modification, it each falls within the protection scope that the claims in the present invention are defined.
Claims (9)
1.TiAl alloy-steel casting, including protective layer, it is described protective layer used in anti-oxidant and anticorrosive, which is characterized in that the guarantor
Sheath is γ-TiAl layers.
2. TiAl alloy casting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the protective layer thickness is 1~50 μm.
3. TiAl alloy casting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the alloying component atom hundred of the TiAl alloy casting
Divide and compare range are as follows: Ti: surplus；Al:45~49；Cr, Mn, V:0~2；Nb, W, Mo:0.5~5；B, C:0~1.
The preparation process of 4.TiAl alloy-steel casting, including hot isostatic pressing is carried out to casting, which is characterized in that it is quiet using the heat etc.
It is pressed in the spontaneous protective layer in surface of the casting, the protective layer is γ-TiAl layers.
5. preparation process as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the hot isostatic pressing includes following technological parameter:
Temperature: 1200~1260 DEG C；
Soaking time: 1~4h；
Pressure: 140-160MPa；
Gas medium: protective gas partial pressure of oxygen 1 × 10 in hot isostatic pressing-3~1 × 10-2atm。
6. preparation process as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the protective gas is Ar gas.
7. preparation process as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the surface of the casting the hot isostatic pressing it
Preceding progress over-blowing sand, grinding or electrobrightening processing.
8. preparation process as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the pressure of the blast controls between 2-5atm.
9. preparation process as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the alloying component atomic percent of the TiAl alloy casting
Range are as follows: Ti: surplus；Al:45~49；Cr, Mn, V:0~2；Nb, W, Mo:0.5~5；B, C:0~1.
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| JPH05239614A (en) * | 1992-04-18 | 1993-09-17 | Yokohama Kokuritsu Univ | Formation of oxidation resistant film on surface of alloy of ti-al intermetallic compound |
| US5451366A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1995-09-19 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. | Product of a halogen containing Ti-Al system intermetallic compound having a superior oxidation and wear resistance |
| JPH0718360A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-20 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Ti-al intermetallic compound member excellent in wear resistance and its production |
| JP3077867B2 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 2000-08-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Method of oxidizing TiAl intermetallic compound for sliding member with excellent wear resistance |
| DE19710592A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-17 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Oxidation resistant titanium-aluminium alloy |
| JP5139768B2 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | Surface treatment method for Ti-Al alloy and Ti-Al alloy obtained thereby |
| CN104532061A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | High-temperature-resistant aluminum titanium oxide alloy and preparation method thereof |
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