CN106833564B - A kind of water-base drilling fluid and its application suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well - Google Patents
A kind of water-base drilling fluid and its application suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/12—Swell inhibition, i.e. using additives to drilling or well treatment fluids for inhibiting clay or shale swelling or disintegrating
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of water-base drilling fluids suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well and its application, the drilling fluid to contain the following parts by weight: 100 parts of water；0.5~5 part of bentonite；0.1~0.4 part of sodium carbonate；0~8 part of inorganic salts；1~5 part of fluid loss additive；It mentions gluing and cuts 0.1~1 part of agent；0~1.5 part of wetting agent；0.5~5 part of shale control agent；1~5 part of lubricant；1~6 part of micro-nano sealing agent；0~3 part of thinner；0~1 part of pH adjusting agent and 0~280 part of weighting material.Drilling fluid density of the present invention is up to 2.3g/cm3, for high temperature and high pressure filter loss less than 5ml, rheological characteristic, filtration reduction, lubricity, inhibition and oil base drilling fluid are suitable；Shale surface performance can be improved, enhance hydrophobicity, slow down the reduction of shale compression strength；Have good antifouling property and strong shut-off capacity, shale microcrack can be blocked, slows down or obstruct pressure transmitting, advantageous shale wellbore stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well and its applications, belong to shale oil
Gas resource exploitation field.
Background technique
In recent years, the exploitation of shale gas has at home and abroad obtained common concern.Drilling liquid technology is shale gas Horizontal Well Drilling
One of key technology of well.Shale oil air water horizontal well horizontal segment for business development is generally up to 1000~2500m, and shale is micro-
Crack and stratification are developed, and are required in work progress the borehole wall stability of drilling fluid, lubricity and wellbore cleaning capacity high.Cause
This, most of first choice oil base drilling fluids during shale gas horizontal well drilling, exist both at home and abroad to cope with long well section horizontal well
Borehole well instability and high frictional resistance problem.But oil base drilling fluid is at high cost, is unfavorable for stratum and environmental protection, and conventional gas and oil drilling well
Inhibition, seal-off effect and the lubricity of the water-base drilling fluid of operation are insufficient for shale gas horizontal well drilling needs.
Based on environmental requirement and drilling well low cost pressure, foreign countries have carried out a large amount of high performance water-based drilling fluid new technology and have ground
Study carefully, and sectional interest is applied at the scene, but density is lower, generally in 1.6g/cm3Below.The storage of China's shale gas
Layer is different from foreign countries, and geological conditions is more complicated, and for buried depth generally in 3500m or more, strata pressure is bigger, as Sichuan shale gas is developed
Highest priority series of strata be located at Longma small stream group, reservoir pressure coefficient is 2.0 or so, it is desirable that drilling fluid density be 2.0~2.2g/
cm3.In addition, China's shale Qihai, terrestrial facies are simultaneous deposits, terrestrial facies shale buries that depth, maturity are low, brittle mineral content is low, Yi Fasheng
Hole collapse.Meanwhile under the conditions of high density drilling fluid, high frictional resistance problem existing for long well section horizontal well will be protruded more.Therefore,
The high performance water-based drilling fluid technology that exploitation is suitable for China's shale gas has extremely important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
High frictional resistance under borehole well instability existing for shale gas long well section horizontal well and high density is bored in order to solve water-base drilling fluid
Problem, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-base drilling fluids suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, this is water base
Drilling fluid density is up to 2.3g/cm3, high temperature and high pressure filter loss be less than 5ml, rheological characteristic, filtration reduction, lubricity, inhibition with
Oil base drilling fluid performance is substantially suitable, also has preferable antifouling property and stronger shut-off capacity.
A further object of the present invention is to provide answering for the water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well
With.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well,
It contains the following parts by weight: 100 parts by weight of water；0.5~5 parts by weight of bentonite；0.1~0.4 parts by weight of sodium carbonate；It is inorganic
0~8 part of weight of salt；1~5 parts by weight of fluid loss additive；It mentions gluing and cuts 0.1~1 parts by weight of agent；0~1.5 parts by weight of wetting agent；Shale
0.5~5 parts by weight of inhibitor；1~5 parts by weight of lubricant；Micro-nano 1~6 parts by weight of sealing agent；0~3 parts by weight of thinner；
0~1 parts by weight of pH adjusting agent；And 0~280 parts by weight of weighting material.
Specific embodiment according to the present invention, in water-base drilling fluid of the present invention, the inorganic salts are selected from chlorine
Change one of sodium, potassium chloride and calcium chloride or a variety of.Preferably, the inorganic salts are potassium chloride.
Preferably, fluid loss additive of the present invention is selected from modified starch, sulfonated gilsonite, walchowite and sulfonated phenolic tree
One of rouge is a variety of.It is further preferred that fluid loss additive of the present invention is modified starch, sulfonated gilsonite and walchowite
One of it is a variety of.
Preferably, of the present invention mention viscous cut agent to be selected from polyanion cellulose, sanlose, ethoxy fine
One of dimension element and xanthan gum are a variety of.
Preferably, shale control agent of the present invention is selected from organic amine, polyamine, polyetheramine, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and aluminium
One of hydrochlorate complex compound is a variety of.It is further preferred that the shale control agent is selected from polyamine, polyetheramine, potassium silicate
With one of aluminic acid salt complex or a variety of.
Preferably, wetting agent of the present invention is selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan mountain
One of pears alcohol monoleate, sorbitan monooleate, lauric acid/dodecanoic acid sorbitol ester and oleic acid sorbitol ester are a variety of.
Preferably, lubricant of the present invention is the composition being made of solid lubricant and fluid lubricant.Into one
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solid lubricant and fluid lubricant is 0.5~3:0.5~3 to step.
Preferably, solid lubricant of the present invention in solid graphite, plastic beads and nano-graphene one
Kind is a variety of.
Preferably, fluid lubricant of the present invention be selected from mineral oil modified lubricant, plant oil modified lubricant and
One of water base lubricant is a variety of.
It is highly preferred that fluid lubricant of the present invention is plant oil modified lubricant.
It is further preferred that plant oil modified lubricant of the present invention is that the defoaming being prepared by following methods lubricates
Agent, described method includes following steps: under the conditions of protecting gas (such as nitrogen), into reaction vessel be added mass ratio be 60~
The vegetable oil acid and diethanol amine of 70:30~40 (such as 65:35), stirring makes its mixing, while being warming up to 155~165 DEG C, adds
Then 2~2.5h of thermal response is cooled to 50~60 DEG C, temperature resistance modifier is added, and stirs 0.5~1h, is cooled to 10~30 DEG C i.e.
The plant oil modified lubricant is obtained, the temperature resistance modifier is selected from zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, dialkyl dithio amino
One of zinc formate, molybdenum dialkyl-dithiophosphate and molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamacompositions are a variety of, and the temperature resistance improves
The quality of agent is the 0.1~2% of vegetable oil acid and diethanol amine reaction product gross mass.
Preferably, micro-nano sealing agent of the present invention is by 800 mesh~2000 mesh calcium carbonate and 20~200 nanometers of second
The composition of alkenyl polymer lotion composition.Preferably, 800 mesh~2000 mesh calcium carbonate and 20~200 nanometers of ethylene
The mass ratio of based polyalcohol lotion is 0.5~3:0.5~3.
It is further preferred that it is 0.5~2:0.5~3:0~1 that 800 mesh~2000 mesh calcium carbonate, which are by mass ratio,
The composition of 800 mesh calcium carbonate, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate and 2000 mesh calcium carbonate composition.
Preferably, 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions of the present invention are to be prepared by the following method to obtain:
Styrene, butyl methacrylate, distilled water, crosslinking agent and emulsifier for mixing are uniformly mixed so as to obtain pre-emulsion, then will account for totality
The pre-emulsion of 25~35% (such as 1/3) of product is transferred to reaction vessel, and protection gas (such as nitrogen) is passed through into reaction vessel, if
Stirring rate 300r/min is set, 65 are to slowly warm up under protection gas (such as nitrogen) and stirring condition (such as 300r/min)~
80 DEG C, initiator is added dropwise, after reacting 0.5~1h, remaining pre-emulsion is added dropwise, after reacting 5~6h, cooling obtains described 20
~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions, wherein the styrene, the butyl methacrylate and the distilled water
Mass ratio is 1~3:2~4:14~16 (such as 2:3:15).Preferably, the crosslinking agent is Ethylene-glycol-dimethacrylate, matter
Amount is the 0.8~1.6% of the styrene and the butyl methacrylate gross mass.
Preferably, the emulsifier is lauryl sodium sulfate, and quality is the styrene and the methacrylic acid
The 0.5~1% of butyl ester gross mass.
Preferably, the initiator is the sodium sulfite and potassium peroxydisulfate that mass ratio is 1:1, and the quality of initiator is described
The 0.1~0.2% of styrene and the butyl methacrylate gross mass.
Preferably, thinner of the present invention is selected from organosilicon polymer, vinylacetate-maleic anhydride copolymerization
One of object, Sulfonated Copolymer of Styrene and Maleic Anhydride are a variety of.It is further preferred that the thinner is organosilicon
Polymer, more preferably organic silicon-fluorine polymer viscosity reducer.
PH adjusting agent of the present invention is selected from sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide.
Weighting material of the present invention is a kind of in blanc fixe, Iron Ore Powder, mangano-manganic oxide and micro mist barite
It is or a variety of, wherein the D90 of micro mist barite is less than 10 μm.
Each component in water-base drilling fluid of the present invention is sufficiently mixed in proportion can be obtained the water-base drilling fluid.
On the other hand, it is long in shale gas to provide the aforementioned water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well by the present invention
Application in well section horizontal well.
Shale gas long well section horizontal well of the present invention refers to that horizontal segment is greater than 1000 meters of shale gas horizontal well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention buries the big feature of depth, strata pressure for domestic shale gas, and it is reachable to provide a kind of density
2.3g/cm3High performance water-based drilling fluid, high temperature and high pressure filter loss be less than 5ml, rheological characteristic is excellent, with oil base drilling fluid performance
Substantially quite.
(2) present invention develops for shale crack/microfissure, there are the characteristics that a large amount of micro-/ nano hole, can be added and receive
Micron sealing agent slows down or obstructs pressure transmitting.
(3) present invention uses the high frictional resistance problem of high density drilling fluid bring for shale gas well horizontal segment, can be used it is solid-
Liquid lubrication combines, so that coefficient of friction be greatly reduced.
(4) water-base drilling fluid provided by the invention can change shale wetability, enhance shale hydrophobicity, effectively slow down page
Rock compression strength reduces, and is conducive to wellbore stability, can satisfy the application requirement in shale gas long well section horizontal well.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that YS108H4-2 well three opens horizontal segment well curve.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic of the invention, purpose and beneficial effect are more clearly understood, now in conjunction with specific implementation
Example carries out technical solution of the present invention described further below, it should be understood that these examples are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit
The scope of the present invention processed.In embodiment, each Starting reagents material is commercially available, and test method without specific conditions is
Conventional method and normal condition known to fields, or according to condition proposed by apparatus manufacturer.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment prepares the water-base drilling fluid not aggravated suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, the water-base drilling fluid by
Following parts by weight at being grouped as: 100 parts by weight of water, 3 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, modified starch resistant to high temperatures
1 parts by weight, 1 parts by weight of sulfonated gilsonite, low viscous 0.2 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts by weight of polyetheramine, 1 weight of solid graphite
Part, defoaming 1 parts by weight of lubricant, 20~200 nanometers of 1 parts by weight of vinyl polymer emulsions, 800 mesh calcium carbonate resistant to high temperatures
0.5 parts by weight, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight.Said components stir under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min after being sufficiently mixed
30min is up to the present embodiment water-base drilling fluid.
Defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in the present embodiment is prepared by the following method to obtain: under nitrogen protection, to anti-
The vegetable oil acid and diethanol amine for being added that mass ratio is 65:35 in container are answered, stirring makes its mixing, while being warming up to 155~160
DEG C, then heating reaction 2h is cooled to 50~60 DEG C, is added modifier zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate resistant to high temperatures, and stirring 0.5~
1h is cooled to room temperature up to the defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures, wherein the quality of the modifier resistant to high temperatures be vegetable oil acid and
The 0.5% of diethanol amine reaction product quality.
20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions described in the present embodiment are to be prepared by the following method to obtain: will
Styrene 20g, butyl methacrylate 30g, distilled water 150g, Ethylene-glycol-dimethacrylate 0.7g, lauryl sodium sulfate
0.5g mixing, high-speed stirred 20min obtain pre-emulsion.Then the pre-emulsion of 1/3 volume is transferred to reaction vessel, and to anti-
It answers and is passed through nitrogen in container, stirring rate 300r/min is set, be to slowly warm up to 70 DEG C, sodium sulfite 0.05g and over cure is added
Remaining pre-emulsion is added dropwise after reacting 1h in sour potassium 0.05g.It is cooling up to 20~200 nanometers of the second after reacting 5h
Alkenyl polymer lotion.
Embodiment 2
It is 1.8g/cm that the present embodiment, which prepares density,3The water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, the water
Base drilling fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts by weight of water, 2 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, chlorination
3 parts by weight of potassium, 2 parts by weight of sulfonated gilsonite, low 0.2 parts by weight of adhesive aggregation anionic cellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan are stearic
0.5 parts by weight of acid esters, 2 parts by weight of potassium silicate, 1 parts by weight of solid graphite, 2 parts by weight of defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures, 20~200 are received
2 parts by weight of vinyl polymer emulsions, 800 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate, 0.5 parts by weight, 2000 mesh carbon of rice
Sour 0.5 parts by weight of calcium, 0.1 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide, 0.6 parts by weight of thinner, 140 parts of barite.Said components are sufficiently mixed
30min is stirred under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min afterwards up to the present embodiment water-base drilling fluid.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in the present embodiment.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions described in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
It is 2.2g/cm that the present embodiment, which prepares density,3The water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, the water
Base drilling fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts by weight of water, 1.5 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, chlorine
Change 3 parts by weight of potassium, 2 parts by weight of walchowite, low 0.2 parts by weight of adhesive aggregation anionic cellulose, 0.5 weight of oleic acid sorbitol ester
Part, 2 parts by weight of potassium silicate, 2 parts by weight of solid graphite, 2 parts by weight of defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures, 20~200 nanometers of vinyl
1.5 parts by weight of polymer emulsion, 800 mesh calcium carbonate, 0.5 parts by weight, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight, 2000 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 weight
Measure part, 0.1 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide, 1 parts by weight of thinner, 252 parts by weight of barite.Said components be sufficiently mixed after high speed
30min is stirred under the conditions of 11000r/min up to the present embodiment water-base drilling fluid.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in the present embodiment, unlike only by embodiment 1
Middle zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate replaces with zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate, remaining is same as Example 1.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions described in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment prepares a kind of water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, and the water-base drilling fluid is by such as
Lower parts by weight at being grouped as: 100 parts by weight of water, 1.5 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of potassium chloride,
2 parts by weight of walchowite, low 0.2 parts by weight of adhesive aggregation anionic cellulose, 0.5 parts by weight of oleic acid sorbitol ester, 2 weight of potassium silicate
Part, 2 parts by weight of solid graphite, defoaming 2 parts by weight of lubricant, 20~200 nanometers of 1.5 weight of vinyl polymer emulsions resistant to high temperatures
Measure part, 800 mesh calcium carbonate, 0.5 parts by weight, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight, 2000 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight, potassium hydroxide 0.1
Parts by weight, 1 parts by weight of thinner, 250 parts by weight of barite, 52 parts by weight of micro mist barite.The weighting material is attached most importance to crystalline substance
52 parts of 200 parts of stone, micro mist barite said components stir 30min under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min up to this after being sufficiently mixed
Embodiment water-base drilling fluid.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in the present embodiment, unlike only by embodiment
In zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate replace with molybdenum dialkyl-dithiophosphate, remaining is same as Example 1.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions described in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 5
It is 2.3g/cm that the present embodiment, which prepares density,3The water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, the water
Base drilling fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts by weight of water, 1 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, chlorination
3 parts by weight of potassium, 1 parts by weight of modified starch resistant to high temperatures, 1 parts by weight of walchowite, low viscous 0.2 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose, ten
0.8 parts by weight of diacid sorbitol ester, 2 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate, 2 parts by weight of solid graphite, 2 parts by weight of defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures,
20~200 nanometers of 2.5 parts by weight of vinyl polymer emulsions, 800 mesh calcium carbonate, 1 parts by weight, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate, 1.5 weight
Part, 0.1 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide, 1 parts by weight of thinner, 250 parts by weight of barite, 20 parts by weight of mangano-manganic oxide.Above-mentioned group
Divide after being sufficiently mixed and stirs 30min under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min up to the present embodiment water-base drilling fluid.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in the present embodiment.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions described in the present embodiment.
Comparative example 1
It is 2.2g/cm that this comparative example, which prepares density,3Oil base drilling fluid, the oil base drilling fluid by following parts by weight component
Composition: 5#80 parts by weight of white oil, 20 parts by weight of calcium chloride solution of 20wt.%, 1.6 parts by weight of organoclay, 2.4 weight of primary emulsion
Measure part, 2.4 parts by weight of auxiliary emulsifier, 3.2 parts by weight of oil base fluid loss additive, 3.2 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 340 parts by weight of barite.
Said components stir 30min under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min after being sufficiently mixed and obtain this comparative example oil base drilling fluid.
The primary emulsion is the main cream of oil base drilling fluid of China Petroleum Group Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute's production
Agent；The auxiliary emulsifier is the auxiliary emulsification of oil base drilling fluid of China Petroleum Group Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute's production
Agent；The oil base fluid loss additive is oxidized asphalt.
Comparative example 2
It is 2.2g/cm that this comparative example, which prepares density,3Water-base drilling fluid, the water-base drilling fluid by following parts by weight component
Composition: 100 parts by weight of water, 1.5 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 3 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 2 weight of walchowite
Part, low 0.2 parts by weight of adhesive aggregation anionic cellulose, 2 parts by weight of potassium silicate, 1.5 parts by weight of solid graphite, defoaming resistant to high temperatures lubrication
1.5 parts by weight of agent, 0.1 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide, 1 parts by weight of thinner, 3 parts by weight of conventional sealing agent, 252 weight of barite
Part.Said components stir 30min under the conditions of high speed 11000r/min up to this comparative example water-base drilling fluid after being sufficiently mixed.Institute
3 parts by weight of conventional sealing agent stated are the compositions of 2 parts by weight of 1 parts by weight of sulfonated gilsonite and 1200 mesh calcium carbonate powder.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for defoaming lubricant resistant to high temperatures described in this comparative example.
Below in Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 water-base drilling fluid or oil base drilling fluid evaluate
1, the basic performance of system
According to drilling fluid rheology specified in national standard GB/T16783.1-2006, API filtration and high temperature and pressure leak-off
Rheological characteristic and API before and after 100 DEG C of aging 16h of drilling fluid system of the measuring method of amount, evaluation Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1
High temperature and high pressure filter loss under filter loss and 100 DEG C, 3.5MPa.The parameter wherein measured includes AV (apparent viscosity), PV
(plastic viscosity), YP (yield value), FLAPI(API filtration), FLHTHP(high temperature and high pressure filter loss), measurement result are shown in Table 1 institute
Show:
1 basic performance of table
As shown in Table 1, the oil base that each performance indicator and comparative example 1 of the water-base drilling fluid that Examples 1 to 5 provides provide bores
Well liquid is suitable, shows that the water-base drilling fluid that the invention provides has excellent rheological characteristic and filtration reduction.
2, inhibition
The oil base drilling fluid to the water-base drilling fluid of Examples 1 to 5, comparative example 1 and clear water progress shale roll back respectively
Yield experiment and the experiment of shale expansion rate test shale rock sample used and come from 108 block Longma small stream group of Sichuan Basin Zhaotong, test
The results are shown in Table 2.As shown in Table 2, the shale rolling rate of recovery and shale expansion rate of above-described embodiment 1~5 with comparative example 1
Oil base drilling fluid it is suitable, show it with excellent inhibition Shale Hydration expansion and dispersion performance.
The different drilling fluid rejection test results of table 2
| Formula | The rate of recovery/% | Expansion rate/% |
| Clear water | 69.0 | 9.0 |
| Embodiment 1 | 99.5 | 0.35 |
| Embodiment 2 | 99.8 | 0.28 |
| Embodiment 3 | 99.8 | 0.22 |
| Embodiment 4 | 99.7 | 0.23 |
| Embodiment 5 | 99.8 | 0.19 |
| Comparative example 1 | 100.0 | 0.06 |
3, seal-off effect
Using PPA permeability seal-off effect tester, using Oil in Super-low Permeability emery disc (400mD) as shale simulation core, 100
DEG C/7.0MPa under the conditions of, have rated the sealing characteristics of the water-base drilling fluid of Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 2, test result such as table 3
It is shown.As shown in Table 3, compared with comparative example 2, above-described embodiment 1~5 contains micro-nano sealing agent, shows good envelope
Stifled performance, spurt is almost nil, and PPA filter loss is respectively less than 3mL, and wherein the PPA filter loss of embodiment 2 is minimum, shows
Its sealing characteristics is optimal.
The different drilling fluid sealing characteristics test results of table 3
4, lubricity
Using drilling fluid extreme boundary lubrication instrument, the water-base drilling fluid of embodiment 2~5 and the oil base drilling fluid of comparative example 1 are evaluated
Lubricity after 100 DEG C of agings.Test result is as shown in table 4.As shown in Table 4, the pole of 2~5 water-base drilling fluid of above-described embodiment
Pressure lubricating coefficient is close with 1 oil base drilling fluid of comparative example, even if drilling fluid density reaches 2.3g/cm3When (embodiment 5), extreme pressure
Lubricating coefficient is only 0.11, shows that it, with excellent greasy property, can satisfy long well section horizontal well site operation requirement.
The different drilling fluid lubricating the performance test results of table 4
| Formula | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 |
| Extreme boundary lubrication coefficient | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.08 |
5, rock strength
Using rock uniaxiality strength testing machine, tests shale rock sample and be selected from 108 block Longma small stream of Sichuan Basin Zhaotong
Group evaluates clear water, Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 2 continuous 168h under the conditions of 90 DEG C and impregnates shale having a size of 25mm × 50mm
Compression strength after rock sample, and compared with shale (blank sample) is not impregnated, experimental result is as shown in table 5.As shown in Table 5, and not
Shale to be impregnated to compare, the shale compression strength after Examples 1 to 5 is impregnated slightly reduces, but is much higher than the shale after clear water impregnates,
And it is higher than the shale after comparative example 2 is impregnated, show that water-base drilling fluid provided by the above embodiment is more conducive to keep rock strength,
Conducive to wellbore stability.
5 shale uniaxial compressive strength test result of table
6, wetability
The present invention is tested by contact angle method and carries out qualitative evaluation to shale surface wetability.Using JC2000DM contact angle
Measuring instrument, test rock sample are peaceful 201-H1 well shale chip off-falling, the wetability of evaluation clear water, Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 2, experiment
It the results are shown in Table 6.As shown in Table 6, it is added to wetting agent and micro-nano sealing agent compared with comparative example 2, in Examples 1 to 5, more has
Help to increase with shale contact angle, enhance the hydrophobicity of shale, show that above-described embodiment can increase and shale contact angle, improve page
Rock surface wettability helps to slow down rock strength reduction, to be conducive to wellbore stability.
6 contact angle experiments result of table
Application examples 1
Embodiment 2 is subjected to field application, test well is that Sichuan Zhaotong shale gas block YS108H4-2 shale gas is horizontal
Well.YS108H4-2 well uses three-level casing programme, and three drive a well eye as φ 215.9mm, design level segment length 1500m.YS108H-2
Horizontal well group Lower Silurian Series Longma small stream group lithology is mainly argillite, shale, mud shale layer horizontal bedding and fracture development, crisp
Property is obvious, and Yi Fasheng collapses；Chance Fractured Zone may be bored in horizontal segment middle section, there are the risks of leakage；Especially horizontal well
In drilling process, drilling fluid and stratum time of contact are long, if drilling fluid dehydration is big, it is easier to and generation is collapsed.In addition the well is set
Horizontal segment length is counted, in High angle well section and horizontal segment drilling, drag and torque increases, easily formation cutting bed, leads to sand setting bit freezing.
The water-base drilling fluid that embodiment 2 provides opens horizontal segment in YS108H-2 horizontal well three and carries out field application, basic nature
It can be as shown in table 7.Field test and it is real bore the result shows that, in horizontal segment drilling process, water-base drilling fluid performance is stablized, rheology
Property is good, takes that rock sand return is normal, and lubricity is good, no thickening behavior, no bit freezing phenomenon, no chip off-falling, short trip, setting of casing and
Relatively smoothly, electrical measurement once succeeds for cementing operation operation, hole diameter rule, and diameter enlargement ratio about 6% (such as Fig. 1) is horizontal
Section cementing quality is detected as high-quality.The final well is safe and efficient with the record-breaking most short 37.17 days drilling periods in this area
Complete drillng operation, 4020 meters of finishing drilling well depth, 1460 meters of horizontal segment length creates and domestic at that time land uses high-density water-based drilling fluid
Bore the new record of shale gas horizontal well horizontal segment.The water-base drilling fluid for showing that the invention provides is able to solve the shale horizontal well borehole wall
The technical problems such as unstability, drilling tool frictional resistance be big, fully meet the technical requirements of shale oil air water horizontal well site operation.
The real of 7 field application of table bores performance
Finally, it is stated that: above embodiments are merely to illustrate implementation process and feature of the invention, rather than limit this hair
Bright technical solution, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art answer
Work as understanding: it is still possible to modify or equivalently replace the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention any
Modification or part replacement, should all cover in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of water-base drilling fluid suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well, it includes the components of following parts by weight: 100 weight of water
Measure part；0.5~5 parts by weight of bentonite；0.1~0.4 parts by weight of sodium carbonate；0~8 part of weight of inorganic salts；1~5 weight of fluid loss additive
Measure part；It mentions gluing and cuts 0.1~1 parts by weight of agent；0~1.5 parts by weight of wetting agent, do not include 0；0.5~5 parts by weight of shale control agent；
1~5 parts by weight of lubricant；Micro-nano 1~6 parts by weight of sealing agent；0~3 parts by weight of thinner；0~1 weight of pH adjusting agent
Part；And 0~280 parts by weight of weighting material；
The lubricant is the composition being made of solid lubricant and fluid lubricant；The solid lubricant and liquid moisten
The mass ratio of lubrication prescription is 0.5~3:0.5~3；
Wherein, the fluid lubricant is plant oil modified lubricant；And the plant oil modified lubricant is by following methods
The defoaming lubricant being prepared, described method includes following steps: under the conditions of protecting gas, quality being added into reaction vessel
Than the vegetable oil acid and diethanol amine for 60~70:30~40, stirring makes its mixing, while being warming up to 155~165 DEG C, heats
It reacts 2~2.5h, is then cooled to 50~60 DEG C, temperature resistance modifier is added, stir 0.5~1h, be cooled to 10~30 DEG C to obtain the final product
The plant oil modified lubricant, the temperature resistance modifier are selected from zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, dialkyl dithio amino first
One of sour zinc, molybdenum dialkyl-dithiophosphate and molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamacompositions are a variety of, the temperature resistance modifier
Quality be the 0.1~2% of vegetable oil acid and diethanol amine reaction product gross mass.
2. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic salts are selected from sodium chloride, potassium chloride and chlorination
One of calcium is a variety of.
3. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the fluid loss additive be selected from modified starch, sulfonated gilsonite,
One of walchowite and sulfonated phenol formaldehyde resin are a variety of.
4. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein described mentioning, which is glued, cuts agent selected from low adhesive aggregation anion fiber
One of plain, low viscous sanlose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and xanthan gum are a variety of.
5. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the shale control agent is selected from polyamine, polyetheramine, silicic acid
One of sodium, potassium silicate and aluminic acid salt complex are a variety of.
6. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein it is hard that the wetting agent is selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan
Resin acid ester, Tween 80, sorbitan monooleate, lauric acid/dodecanoic acid sorbitol ester and oleic acid sorbierite
One of ester is a variety of.
7. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the solid lubricant is selected from solid graphite, plastic beads
With one of nano-graphene or a variety of.
8. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano sealing agent is by 800 mesh~2000 mesh
The composition of calcium carbonate and 20~200 nanometers of vinyl polymer emulsions composition.
9. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 8, wherein 800 mesh~2000 mesh calcium carbonate and 20~200 nanometers
Vinyl polymer emulsions mass ratio be 0.5~3:0.5~3.
10. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 8, wherein 800 mesh~2000 mesh calcium carbonate are to be by mass ratio
The composition of 0.5~2:0.5~3:0~1,800 mesh calcium carbonate, 1200 mesh calcium carbonate and 2000 mesh calcium carbonate composition.
11. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 8, wherein 20~200 nanometers of the vinyl polymer emulsions are
It is prepared by the following method to obtain: styrene, butyl methacrylate, distilled water, crosslinking agent and emulsifier for mixing is mixed
To pre-emulsion, the pre-emulsion for accounting for total volume 25~35% is then transferred to reaction vessel, is delayed under protection gas and stirring condition
Slowly 65~80 DEG C are warming up to, initiator is added dropwise, after reacting 0.5~1h, remaining pre-emulsion is added dropwise, it is cold after reacting 5~6h
But 20~200 nanometers of the vinyl polymer emulsions are obtained；The styrene, the butyl methacrylate and the steaming
The mass ratio of distilled water is 1~3:2~4:14~16.
12. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 11, wherein the crosslinking agent is Ethylene-glycol-dimethacrylate,
Quality is the 0.8~1.6% of the styrene and the butyl methacrylate gross mass.
13. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 11, wherein the emulsifier is lauryl sodium sulfate, quality
For the styrene and the 0.5~1% of the butyl methacrylate gross mass.
14. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 11, wherein the initiator is the sodium sulfite that mass ratio is 1:1
And potassium peroxydisulfate, the quality of initiator are the 0.1~0.2% of the styrene and the butyl methacrylate gross mass.
15. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the thinner is selected from organosilicon polymer, acetic acid second
Enester-one of maleic anhydride multipolymer and Sulfonated Copolymer of Styrene and Maleic Anhydride is a variety of.
16. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the thinner is organosilicon polymer.
17. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 16, wherein the organosilicon polymer is organic silicon-fluorine polymer drop
Stick.
18. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the pH adjusting agent is sodium hydroxide and/or hydrogen-oxygen
Change potassium.
19. water-base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein the weighting material be selected from blanc fixe, Iron Ore Powder,
It is one or more in mangano-manganic oxide and micro mist barite, wherein the D90 of micro mist barite is less than 10 μm.
20. the water-base drilling fluid described in any one of claim 1~19 suitable for shale gas long well section horizontal well is in shale
Application in gas long well section horizontal well.
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