CN106833372A - Coating composition, application member, the manufacture method of application member and washing machine - Google Patents
Coating composition, application member, the manufacture method of application member and washing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106833372A CN106833372A CN201611105108.2A CN201611105108A CN106833372A CN 106833372 A CN106833372 A CN 106833372A CN 201611105108 A CN201611105108 A CN 201611105108A CN 106833372 A CN106833372 A CN 106833372A
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- film
- coating
- repellency
- application member
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/10—Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/08—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/10—Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
- C09D183/12—Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing polyether sequences
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
- D06F39/083—Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2518/00—Other type of polymers
- B05D2518/10—Silicon-containing polymers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)
Abstract
Problem of the invention provides the application member with antibacterial effect film excellent than ever.Application member (20) of the invention is characterised by, repellency film (11) (the first film (11a) for possessing base material (10) and being formed on above-mentioned base material (10), second film (11b)), above-mentioned repellency film (11) is comprising containing amino silicones, compared with the inside of above-mentioned repellency film (11), the above-mentioned amino (NHR containing amino silicones1:Wherein, R1It is hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon) more it is present in the surface of repellency film (11).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coating composition, application member, the manufacture method of application member and washing machine.
Background technology
In general, the part of the contact washings such as sink, drainpipe in washing machine, easily attachment is de- from washings
From the organic matter such as sebum, the food stains of people.Therefore, it is easy bacterial growth, mould in the part of contact washings.
In the past, in order to degerming, it is known that possess the washing machine (for example, referring to patent document 1) of hypochlorous acid generation device.So
And, the hypochlorous acid generation device of the washing machine not only additionally needs the electrolysis mechanism of the governor motion of salt solution, the salt solution, in addition it is also necessary to
Regular replenishment salt.Therefore for the washing machine, not only just current cost increase, operating cost also increases.
Accordingly it is contemplated that forming the painting of antibiotic property coating (for example, referring to patent document 2) on the part of contact washings
Film.According to such antibiotic property coating, the structure without significantly changing washing machine also can be to washing machine endowing antibacterial energy.
Prior art literature
Patent document
Patent document 1:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2013-90813 publications
Patent document 2:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2003-277686 publications
The content of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
However, the film of conventional antibiotic property coating in host due to being dispersed with antimicrobial component, even if therefore existing
The problem that also cannot get sufficient antibacterial effect is used in the parts such as easy bacterial growth, mould washing machine.
Therefore, problem of the invention is, there is provided can be formed antibacterial effect film excellent than ever coating composition,
Application member, the manufacture method of the application member and the washing using the application member formed using the coating composition
Clothing machine.
Method for solving problem
The coating composition of the invention for solving above-mentioned problem is characterised by, comprising containing aminoalkoxysilane with contain
Alkyl monocarboxylic acid or the salt containing hydrocarbyl sulfonic and make the scattered macromolecular compound of above-mentioned salt.
Additionally, the application member of the invention for solving above-mentioned problem is characterised by, possesses base material and be formed at above-mentioned
Repellency film on base material, above-mentioned repellency film is comprising containing amino silicones, the inside phase with above-mentioned repellency film
Than the above-mentioned amino containing amino silicones is more present in the surface of above-mentioned repellency film.
Additionally, the manufacture method for solving the application member of the invention of above-mentioned problem is characterised by having:Will be above-mentioned
Coating composition is coated on base material and forms the operation of the first film, is coated with above-mentioned first film and contains carbon number 3
The coating of the alkoxy silane of~18 fluorine-containing organic group or the dialkoxy silicane of the alkyl with carbon number 1~5 and
The operation for forming the second film and the operation that the second film coated surface is cleaned with alkaline solution.
Additionally, the washing machine of the invention for solving above-mentioned problem is characterised by possessing above-mentioned application member.
Invention effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to provide and to form the coating composition of antibacterial effect film excellent than ever, use the painting
Feed composition and formed application member, the manufacture method of the application member and used the washing machine of the application member.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition explanatory diagram of the washing machine of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 washing machine in the sectional view of application member that uses.
Fig. 3 is the manufacturing procedure picture of the application member of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the application member of other embodiment of the invention.
Symbol description
1:Casing, 2:Water jacket, 3:Inside groove, 4:Inner cap, 5:Enclosing cover, 6:Agitating paddle, 7:Motor, 8:Water supply mechanism, 9:Draining
Pipe, 10:Base material, 11:Repellency film, 11a:First film, 11b:Second film, 20:Application member, 20a:Application member,
L:Washing machine
Specific embodiment
Next, for embodiments of the present invention, on one side suitable one side detailed description referring to the drawings.
Application member of the invention is characterized mainly in that, with the film (repellency film described later) being formed on base material
Inner side compare, the surface of film have it is more performance antibacterial effects amino.In other words, on base material, amino is in film
Locally lying in of surface.
Hereinafter, illustrated by taking the application member used in washing machine as an example, then, for being used in the application member
Coating composition and illustrated using the manufacture method of the application member of the coating composition.
< washing machines >
Fig. 1 is the composition explanatory diagram of the washing machine of embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the washing machine L of present embodiment possesses as the water jacket 2 and inside groove of sink in the inside of casing 1
3, it is provided with inner cap 4 on the top of sink.Additionally, in casing 1, enclosing cover 5 is provided with the top of inner cap 4.
Bottom in inside groove 3, is provided with the agitating paddle 6 for together stirring clothing and washings.
Agitating paddle 6 is driven in rotation by motor 7.
Carried out using water supply mechanism 8 to the supply of the water of inside groove 3.The draining when draining and dehydration of the washings after washing
From water jacket 2 collector nozzle (not shown) is directed to via drainpipe 9.
In such washing machine L, washings are easily remained in the outside of the inner side of water jacket 2, inside groove 3.Additionally, in drainpipe
9 inner face also easily remains washings.Also, contain sebum, the food of the people departed from from washings in washings as described above
The organic matters such as spot.Therefore, the surface of the component of washings is contacted at these, it is however generally that easy bacterial growth, mould (fungi
Class).
In the washing machine L of present embodiment, at such easy bacterial growth, the position of mould (Mycophyta), be configured with
The application member of lower explanation.
< application members >
Fig. 2 is the sectional view for schematically showing the application member 20 used in the washing machine L of Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 the application member 20 of present embodiment possesses base material 10 and the repellency painting being formed on base material 10
Film 11.
As base material 10, its for example above-mentioned water jacket of part, inside groove, row with easy bacterial growth etc. in conventional washing machine
The correspondence such as water pipe.The application member 20 of present embodiment is constituted by forming repellency film 11 on these parts.
Therefore, water jacket, inside groove, the draining in the material and shape of the base material 10 in present embodiment and conventional washing machine
The correspondence such as pipe.
Repellency film 11 possesses the first film 11a for being formed on base material 10 and is formed on first film 11a
Second film 11b.
First film 11a is coated with the first coating described later and is formed on base material 10 as hereinafter described in detail.
It is explained, first coating is equivalent to coating composition of the invention.
Additionally, the second film 11b is coated with the second coating and shape as hereinafter described in detail on the first film 11a
Into.
In the first film 11a in present embodiment, comprising containing amino silicones and make containing amino silicones disperse
Macromolecular compound in the first film 11a.
Polysiloxane structure containing amino silicones will be by that will form the alcoxyl of contained salt in the first coating described later
Base silane polycondensation and formed.
Additionally, the amino containing amino silicones is being cleaned to form the as hereinafter described in detail with alkaline solution
Generated after contained salt in first coating of one film 11a.
The amino be show antibiotic property functional group, as it was previously stated, with compared with the inner side of repellency film 11 more
Mode of the segregation in the surface of repellency film 11 is generated.Though that is, be containing amino silicones the first film 11a composition into
Divide, but its amino part is formed in the locally lying in of surface of the aftermentioned second film 11b being formed on the first film 11a.
In addition, the inventive principle on surface is more formed at for the amino compared with the inner side of repellency film 11, with painting
The manufacture method for covering part is together described in detail below.
The thickness of such first film 11a is preferably 10~100nm.
The second film 11b in present embodiment is constituted comprising repellency compound.The repellency compound passes through will
Contained alkoxy silane carries out polycondensation and is formed in second coating described later.As the repellency compound, can enumerate for example
The polysiloxanes of the fluorine-containing organic group with carbon number 3~18, the poly-diakyl silicon of the alkyl with carbon number 1~5
Oxygen alkane, but not limited to this.
Additionally, the second film 11b in present embodiment although it is assumed that be comprising above-mentioned alkoxy silane to carry out polycondensation and
Into the repellency compound such as polysiloxanes (include polysiloxane) layer, but as the second film 11b in of the invention,
Contained alkoxy silane carries out chemical bonded refractory and is formed with the macromolecular compound for constituting the first film 11a in second coating
The monomolecular film of siloxanes is also allowed.That is, as the second film 11b in the present invention, as long as can be with the first film 11a
Macromolecular compound chemical bonded refractory and import repellency functional group described later and be just not particularly limited.
The thickness of the second film 11b in the present invention is preferably 1~10nm.
< coating compositions >
As described above, the first film 11a is first coating (coating composition of the invention) below coating on base material 10
And formed, the second film 11b be on the first film 11a coating below the second coating and formed.
《First coating》
First coating is included containing aminoalkoxysilane and monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or the salt containing hydrocarbyl sulfonic and makes above-mentioned salt
Scattered macromolecular compound.
(salt)
As the above-mentioned salt of composition containing aminoalkoxysilane, for example, can enumerate shown in following formula (1) and following formula (2)
Material etc..
(R3O)2SiR2-X-NHR1Formula (1)
(wherein, in above-mentioned formula (1), R1It is hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon, R2It is alkyl, R3May be the same or different each other
Alkyl, X is bivalent hydrocarbon radical)
(R3O)3Si-X-NHR1Formula (2)
(wherein, in above-mentioned formula (2), R1、R3And the R of X and above-mentioned formula (1)1、R3And X is synonymous)
As above-mentioned formula (1) and the R of above-mentioned formula (2)1Shown monovalent hydrocarbon, for example, can enumerate straight-chain, branched or
Alkyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl of ring-type etc..
As R1Shown alkyl, for example, can enumerate methyl, ethyl, propyl group, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, the tert-butyl group,
Amyl group, hexyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopenta, cyclohexyl, suberyl, cyclooctyl, decyl etc..In addition it is also possible to be carbon-to-carbon
Between have oxygen atom group, such as methoxy, ethoxyl methyl, propoxy methyl, butoxymethyl, propoxyl group second
Base, propoxypropyl etc..
As R1Shown alkynyl, for example, acetenyl, 2-propynyl, butynyl, hexin base, heptynyl, octyne can be enumerated
Base, decynyl, hendecyne base, dodecyne base, 13 carbyne bases, 14 carbyne bases, 15 carbyne bases, hexadecine base,
17 carbyne bases, octadecyne base etc..
As R1Shown aryl, for example, phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, xenyl etc. can be enumerated.
As R1Shown aralkyl, for example, benzyl, 1- phenethyls, 2- phenethyls, 1- phenyl propyls, 2- benzene can be enumerated
Base propyl group, 3- phenyl propyls, diphenyl methyl, adjacent methyl-benzyl, a methyl-benzyl, to methyl-benzyl, adjacent Ethylbenzyl, a second
Base benzyl, to Ethylbenzyl, o-isopropyl benzyl, an isopropyl benzyl, p-isopropyl benzyl, neighbour (tert-butyl group) benzyl, (a uncle
Butyl) benzyl, to (tert-butyl group) benzyl, 2,3- dimethyl benzyls, 2,4- dimethyl benzyls, 2,5- dimethyl benzyls, 2,6- bis-
Methyl-benzyl, 3,4- dimethyl benzyls, 3,5- dimethyl benzyls, 2,3,4- trimethyl benzyls, 2,3,4- trimethyl benzyls, 3,4,
5- trimethyl benzyls, 2,4,6- trimethyl benzyls, 5- isopropyl -2- methyl-benzyls, 2- isopropyl -5- methyl-benzyls, 2- methyl -
5- (tert-butyl group) benzyl, 2,4- diisopropyls benzyl, 2,5- diisopropyls benzyl, 3,5- diisopropyls benzyl, (the tertiary fourths of 3,5- bis-
Base) benzyl, 1- (2- aminomethyl phenyls) ethyl, 1- (3- isopropyl phenyls) ethyl, 1- (4- isopropyl phenyls) ethyl, 1- (2- (uncles
Butyl) benzyl ethyl, 1- (4- (tert-butyl group) benzyls ethyl, 1- (2- isopropyl-4-methyls phenyl) ethyl, 1- (4- isopropyls-
2- aminomethyl phenyls) ethyl, 1- (2,4- 3,5-dimethylphenyls) ethyl, 1- (2,5- 3,5-dimethylphenyls) ethyl, 3,5- 3,5-dimethylphenyls
Ethyl, 1- (3,5- bis--(tert-butyl group) phenyl) ethyl etc..
As the R of above-mentioned formula (1)2, above-mentioned formula (1) and above-mentioned formula (2) R3Shown alkyl, for example, can enumerate methyl,
Ethyl, propyl group etc..
As above-mentioned formula (1) and above-mentioned formula (2) X shown in bivalent hydrocarbon radical, for example, methylene, ethylidene, three can be enumerated
Methylene, isopropylidene, pentamethylene, hexa-methylene, heptamethylene etc..In addition it is also possible to be that there is between carbon-to-carbon oxygen atom
Group, such as methylene epoxide methylene, ethyleneoxy group methylene, propylidene epoxide methylene, butylene oxide methylene,
Propylidene epoxide ethylidene, propylenoxypropylene etc..
As the monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl for constituting salt or containing the alkyl in hydrocarbyl sulfonic, preferably the one of carbon number 1~12
Valency alkyl, more preferably straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl.
As the alkyl of such carbon number 1~12, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, positive fourth can be enumerated
It is base, isobutyl group, the tert-butyl group, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, 2- amyl groups, tertiary pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, different pungent
Base, 2- ethylhexyls, nonyl, decyl, isodecyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopenta, cyclohexyl,
Suberyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, ring undecyl, cyclo-dodecyl etc..
Salt in present embodiment can be by every 1 stoichiometric monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or containing addition in hydrocarbyl sulfonic
0.9~1.1 stoichiometric obtains containing aminoalkoxysilane.
Then, it is such that there is following formula (3) containing aminoalkoxysilane and monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or the salt containing hydrocarbyl sulfonic
Or the functional group containing ionic bond shown in following formula (4).
-R1NH+-COO-R4Formula (3)
(wherein, in formula (3), R1With above-mentioned formula (1) and the R of (2)1It is synonymous, R4For above-mentioned monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or above-mentioned contain
Alkyl in hydrocarbyl sulfonic)
-R1NH+-SO3 -R4Formula (4)
(wherein, in formula (4), R1And R4With the R of above-mentioned formula (3)1And R4It is synonymous)
(macromolecular compound)
Contained macromolecular compound disperses above-mentioned salt in the first coating in first coating, and on base material 10
In first film 11a, keep containing aminoalkoxysilane.
As the macromolecular compound in present embodiment, for example, can enumerate polyalkoxysilane, side chain has ester bond
There is the resin of amino-formate bond, main chain to have resin of ehter bond etc. for hydrocarbon resin, main chain.These macromolecular compounds also can be by
One or more combine and use.
Used as polyalkoxysilane, can enumerate makes the alcoxyls such as tetraalkoxysilane, trialkoxy silane, dialkoxy silicane
The Ludox of base silane polycondensation.
There is the hydrocarbon resin of ester bond as side chain, for example, can by make containing alkyl, hydroxyl, glycidyl, carboxyl,
Amide groups,The acrylate or methacrylate of oxazoline base etc., butadiene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, propylene, second
The polymerizations such as alkene, vinylidene chloride, methacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile or copolymerization and obtain.
There is the resin of amino-formate bond as main chain, can be obtained with polyisocyanate polyisocyanate polyaddition by making polyalcohol.
As polyalcohol, for example, can enumerate PEPA, PPG, acrylic polyol, low-molecular-weight it is many
First alcohol.
As PEPA, for example, polyethylene adipate diol, polybutene adipate diol, poly- second can be enumerated
Alkene butylene adipate esterdiol, polyhexamethylene isophthalic acid ester adipate diol, polyethylene succinate esters glycol, poly- fourth
Alkene succinate glycol, polyethylene sebacate glycol, polybutene sebacate glycol, poly- 6-caprolactone glycol, poly- (3- first
Base -1,5- amylenes adipate ester) glycol, 1,6-HD and dimeric dibasic acid condensation polymer etc..
As PPG, for example, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, oxirane and epoxy third can be enumerated
Random copolymer, block copolymer of alkane, oxirane and epoxy butane etc..Further, it is possible to use with ehter bond and ester bond
Polyether polyester polyalcohol etc..
As low molecular weight polyols, for example, ethylene glycol, BDO, 1,5-PD, 3- methyl isophthalic acids can be enumerated,
5- pentanediols, 1,6-HD, 1,9- nonanediols, 2- methyl isophthalic acids, 8- ethohexadiols, 1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol, 1,3- hexamethylenes
Dimethanol, 1,4- cyclohexanediols etc..Further, it is possible to use the low-molecular-weight such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythrite, D-sorbite
Polyalcohol.
As PIC, for example, 2,4- toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s, 2 can be enumerated, 6 toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s, diformazan
Benzene -1,4- diisocyanate, dimethylbenzene -1,3- diisocyanate, 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate, 2,4 '-diphenyl
Methane diisocyanate, 4,4 '-phenyl ether diisocyanate, 2- diphenyl -4,4 '-diisocyanate, 2,2 '-diphenylprop
Alkane -4,4 '-diisocyanate, 3,3 '-MDPM -4,4 '-diisocyanate, the isocyanide of 4,4 '-diphenyl propane two
Acid esters, metaphenylene diisocyanate, to phenylene vulcabond, naphthalene-1,4-disocyanate, the isocyanic acids of naphthalene -1,5- two
The aromatic diisocyanates such as ester, 3,3 '-dimethoxydiphenyl -4,4 '-diisocyanate, polyphenylene polymethylene gathers different
The aromatic poly-isocyanates such as cyanate, crude toluene diisocynate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, the isocyanic acid of hexa-methylene two
The aliphatic diisocyanates such as ester, decamethylene diisocyanate, LDI, IPDI,
HTDI, hydrogenated xylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenyl methane diisocyanate, tetramethyl xylene
The alicyclic diisocyanates such as diisocyanate, the biuret modified thing of organic polyisocyanates, urea diketone modifier, carbon two are sub-
Amine modifier, isocyanurate-modified thing, uretonimine-modified thing, their mixed and modified thing etc..
There is the resin of ehter bond as main chain, for example, can enumerate to make to contain alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, acid amides using curing agent
Base,The material of the polymerization of epoxy resins such as oxazoline base.
Solvent can be included in first coating.Solvent can be as described later by the first coatings on base material 10 and dry
When, it is considered to drying temperature, drying time, for base material 10 chemical affect etc. and select.
As solvent, can be used alone a kind of organic solvent or by two or more organic solvents mix and use.Wherein, it is excellent
Elect alcohol as.
As alcohol, for example, methyl alcohol, ethanol, 1- propyl alcohol, 2- propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, 2- butanol, 2- methyl isophthalic acids-the third can be enumerated
Alcohol, 1- amylalcohols, 3- methyl-1-butanols, 2- methyl -2- butanol etc..
Additionally, in the case where base material 10 is formed by resin, also the material for dissolving the resin on a small quantity can be made an addition into solvent.
By using such solvent, additionally it is possible to make the surface coarsening of base material 10 and improve the adaptation of the first film and base material 10.
Additionally, in the first coating, optionally can also add the condensation catalyst of above-mentioned alkoxy silane.
The salt in such first coating is preferably set to by quality ratio with the mixing ratio of macromolecular compound above
Macromolecular compound is more more than the use level of salt.Specifically, by quality ratio, the ratio of salt/(salt+macromolecular compound) is excellent
Choosing is with 0.1~0.3 range set.
Additionally, the mixing ratio of solvent can suitably set according to the coating method of the first coating to base material 10, but the
Solvent in one coating is preferably more than 90 mass %.
《Second coating》
The second coating in present embodiment includes the polysiloxanes formed in the second film 11b as repellency compound
Alkoxy silane, i.e., the above-mentioned alkoxy silane with repellency functional group.
As the alkoxy silane, the alkoxyl silicone of such as fluorine-containing organic group with carbon number 3~18 can be enumerated
Alkane, dialkoxy silicane of the alkyl with carbon number 1~5 etc., but not limited to this.
As the fluorine-containing organic group of carbon number 3~18, such as perfluoroalkyl, holo-fluorine polyester etc. can be enumerated, but not
It is limited to this.
In addition, as the second coating of the invention, as long as with the macromolecular compound with the first film 11a of composition
The reactive functional groups for learning bond and the material of the repellency functional group that repellency is assigned to the second film 11b, then be not limited to
Above-mentioned alkoxy silane, dialkoxy silicane etc., also allow comprising other silane compounds.
Additionally, in the second coating, solvent can be included.Solvent can be as described later by the first coatings on base material 10
And when drying, it is considered to drying temperature, drying time, for base material 10 chemical affect etc. and select.
As solvent, can be used alone a kind of organic solvent or by two or more organic solvents mix and use.Wherein, it is excellent
Elect alcohol as.
As alcohol, for example, methyl alcohol, ethanol, 1- propyl alcohol, 2- propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, 2- butanol, 2- methyl isophthalic acids-the third can be enumerated
Alcohol, 1- amylalcohols, 3- methyl-1-butanols, 2- methyl -2- butanol etc..
Additionally, in the second coating, optionally can also add the condensation catalyst of above-mentioned alkoxy silane.
Alkoxy silane in second coating is preferably 0.01~1.0 mass %.
Additionally, the solvent in the second coating is preferably more than 99 mass %.
The manufacture method > of < application members
The manufacture method of the application member 20 (reference picture 2) of present embodiment has:By the first coating (coating composition)
Coat on base material 10 (reference picture 2) and form the operation of the first film 11a (reference picture 2), be coated with the first film 11a the
Two coating and form the operation of the second film 11b (reference picture 2) and the surface of the second film 11b cleaned with alkaline solution
Operation.
Method as first coating is coated with base material 10, for example, the side for carrying out wet in an atmosphere can be enumerated
Method.Specifically, the first coating can be coated on base material 10 for example, by dip-coating, spraying, spin coating etc., but coating method is not limited
In this.Coating method can according to the shape of base material 10, material and suitably select.
Additionally, by the first coatings when the base material 10, can implement to be surface-treated to base material 10.As surface treatment, example
Such as, oxygen plasma irradiation, blasting treatment, prime treatment etc. can be enumerated.By the such surface treatment of suitable selection and to base
Material 10 is implemented, and flatness of the first film 11a on the adaptation of the first film 11a and base material 10, base material 10 etc. is improved.
Then, composition is made to coat the alkoxy silane polycondensation of contained salt in the first coating of base material 10 and generate poly- silicon
Oxygen alkane, and solvent is evaporated, so as to form the first film 11a on base material 10.
When the first film 11a is formed on base material 10, even if the polycondensation of alkoxy silane is also carried out in room temperature, but if examining
Consider the evaporation time of solvent, then first film 11a is heated preferably on base material 10.As the heating-up temperature, can basis
The solvent for being used suitably sets, such as in the case that solvent is ethanol, may be set to 60~80 DEG C of degree.
In addition, on such first film 11a, in the macromolecular compound of the constituent as the first coating,
Maintain carboxylate or sulfonate containing amino silicones.
Then, above-mentioned formula (3) or the functional group comprising ionic bond shown in above-mentioned formula (4) are on the surface of the first film 11a
Locally lying in.For the locally lying in principle, describe in detail below.
Method as the second coating is coated with the first film 11a, can be used and the first coating is coated with base material 10
The same coating method of method.
Then, make to coat contained alkoxy silane polycondensation in the second coating on the first film 11a and generate poly- silicon
Oxygen alkane, and solvent is evaporated, so as to form the second film 11b on the first film 11a.
Additionally, when forming the second film 11b on the first film 11a, even if the polycondensation of alkoxy silane is also entered in room temperature
OK, but if considering the evaporation time of solvent, then the second coating is heated on the first film 11a preferably.As this plus
Hot temperature, can suitably set according to the solvent for being used, such as in the case that solvent is ethanol, may be set to 60~80 DEG C of journeys
Degree.
In addition, on the surface of such second film 11b, shown in above-mentioned formula (3) or above-mentioned formula (4) comprising ionic bond
The locally lying in of functional group of the first film 11a.For the locally lying in principle, describe in detail below.
Then, the surface of the second film 11b is cleaned with alkaline solution.
As alkaline solution, such as sodium hydrate aqueous solution, potassium hydroxide aqueous solution etc. can be enumerated.The pH of alkaline solution is excellent
Elect 9~12 as.
Fig. 3 be the application member 20 of Fig. 2 manufacturing procedure picture in using alkaline solution the second film 11b matting
Figure.
Here, in case of the polysiloxanes comprising the functional group having shown in above-mentioned formula (3) in the first film 11a
Matting to the second film 11b is illustrated.
The surface of the repellency film 11 (the second film 11b) before the cleaning represented on the left of the paper of Fig. 3, the first film
The functional group (- R of contained polysiloxanes in 11a1NH+-COO-R4) locally lying in.Wherein, R1It is hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon
Base, R4It is monovalent hydrocarbon.
If cleaning the surface of second film 11b with alkaline solution, as shown in the paper right side of Fig. 3, functional group (-
R1NH+-COO-R4) chemical change into play antibiotic property amino (- NHR1).Afterwards, clean the second film 11b's using pure water
Surface simultaneously dries, so as to complete the application member of present embodiment.
< locally lying in principles >
Next, for amino (- NHR1) repellency film 11 (the second film 11b) locally lying in of surface original
Reason is illustrated.
As described above, in the manufacturing process of application member 20, the first coating is coated with base material 10.Now, the first coating
In it is contained containing aminoalkoxysilane and monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or the salt containing hydrocarbyl sulfonic, and macromolecular compound disperses together
In in the first coating.Also, when the polysiloxanes of alkoxy silane polycondensation is kept by macromolecular compound, the carboxylic of list containing alkyl
Acid or the performance repellency of the alkyl containing hydrocarbyl sulfonic, therefore above-mentioned formula (3) or the function comprising ionic bond shown in above-mentioned formula (4)
Surface locally lie in of the group in the first film 11a.
Then, if being coated with the second coating on first film 11a, on the surface of the first film 11a, formation is included
Second film 11b of the polysiloxanes of alkoxy silane polycondensation contained in the second coating.
Additionally, when being coated with the second coating on the first film 11a, the above-mentioned functional group comprising ionic bond each other it
Between, the above-mentioned macromolecular compound as the constituent of the first film 11a is anti-with alkoxy silane contained in the second coating
Should.Specifically, in the case that macromolecular compound is polyalkoxysilane (Ludox), the alkane of remaining in polyalkoxysilane
Epoxide, silanol group can occur polycondensation with the alkoxy of alkoxy silane contained in the second coating.Additionally, such as producing high-molecular
Compound for side chain has the hydrocarbon resin of ester bond, main chain there is the resin of amino-formate bond, main chain to have ehter bond (epoxy radicals etc.)
Resin in the case of, in them remaining hydroxyl can be contracted with the alkoxy of alkoxy silane contained in the second coating
It is poly-.
Thus, on the surface of the second film 11b being formed on the first film 11a, by the above-mentioned bag of the first film 11a
The state that functional group containing ionic bond almost remains as former state, reprimand is assigned by the second film 11b to the surface of repellency film 11
It is aqueous.
Also, as described above, by using alkaline solution cleaning repellency film 11 (the second film 11b) surface, from
And amino (- NHR1) in the locally lying in of surface of repellency film 11 (the second film 11b).Such repellency film 11 has
There is the first film 11a and the second film 11b, the second film 11b is with the function on the surface for being formed at first film 11a
Group-X-NHR1(wherein, X, R1With above-mentioned formula (1) and X, R of above-mentioned formula (2)1It is synonymous) between, at least make-NHR1Part is hydrophobic
The mode that the surface of property film 11 is exposed is formed on the first film 11a.
Application member 20 as according to more than, plays the amino (- NHR of antibiotic property1) in repellency film 11, (second applies
Film 11b) locally lying in of surface, it is therefore different from the application member that antimicrobial component is dispersed with film, can play excellent
Antibacterial, anti-mold effect.
Additionally, the second film 11b includes repellency compound, therefore application member 20 is difficult to adhesive water, the moisture institute
The organic matter for containing.Therefore, it is possible to suppress bacterium, mould breeding.That is, the application member 20 according to present embodiment, by part
It is present in the amino (- NHR on the surface of repellency film 111) and the second film 11b in contained repellency compound one act as
With can synergistically and more reliably suppress bacterium, mould breeding.
More than, it is illustrated for embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by above-mentioned implementation method, energy
It is enough to be implemented with various forms.
In above-mentioned implementation method, as shown in Fig. 2 there is the first film 11a and the second film 11b on base material 10, but
The composition of other layers can be set to be provided with base material 10.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the application member 20a of other embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 4, application member 20a has between the first film 11a of base material 10 and composition repellency film 11
Third layer.As the third layer, the adhesive linkages such as prime coat can be enumerated, repellency film 11 is supplied other antimicrobial components containing anti-
Microbial inoculum layer etc..
Additionally, amino (- NHR1) R1In the case of being the alkyl with repellency, the second film 11b can be also omitted.
Contained amino is preferably in the locally lying in of surface of repellency film 11 in repellency film 11, but as long as be with
Compare the composition on the surface for being more present in repellency film 11 in the inside of repellency film 11.Therefore, can also be set to
Amino is in repellency film 11 in the way of the presence ratio of amino is gradually decreased from the surface of repellency film 11 to inner side
The application member 20,20a of distribution.
Additionally, application member 20,20a is not limited to the part of washing machine L, such as air-conditioning, humidifier, refrigerator etc. are can be applied to
Other all devices, device that moisture is participated in.Additionally, application member 20,20a can be not only a part of unit,
Can also be used independently with pipe arrangement etc..
Embodiment
Next, showing to demonstrate the embodiment and comparative example of action effect of the invention while being had more to the present invention
Illustrate body.
(embodiment 1)
In the present embodiment, the test piece for being assumed to the application member that washing machine is used is made.The test piece is as base material
Quartz glass plate (40mm × 40mm × 1mm) surface be coated with following first coating and after forming the first film, this first
The surface of film is coated with following second coating and forms the test piece of the second film.
The modulation > of the coating of < first
First, added in the solution for dissolving the mass parts of tetraethoxysilane 70 in the mass parts of ethanol 980 micro
As the nitric acid of acid catalyst, heated 1 hour at 50 DEG C.It is derived from the mass % of silicon concentration 1, the mass % of silica concentration 2
The mass parts of silica sol liquid 1000.
Then, make as the mass parts of cyclohexane-carboxylic acid 2 of monocarboxylic acid and as the 3- aminopropans containing aminoalkoxysilane
The mass parts of base trimethoxy silane 2 are dissolved in the mass parts of ethanol 196, obtain the carboxylate ethanol solution containing aminoalkoxysilane
200 mass parts.
Then, the mass parts of silica sol liquid 5 of gained and the mass parts of carboxylate ethanol solution 1 are mixed, so as to obtain first
Coating.
The modulation > of the coating of < second
Make the alkoxy silane (OPTOOL [registration mark] of Daikin Ind Ltd with modified holo-fluorine polyester
DSX) 1 mass parts are dissolved in the mass parts of ethanol 1000, obtain the second coating.
The making > of < test pieces
On base material the first coating is coated with using dip coating (pull rate 1.3mm/s).The base of the first coating will be coated with
Material is heated 30 minutes using heating furnace at 60 DEG C, so as to form the first film on base material.After the base material is cooled into room temperature, survey
The surface of fixed first film and the contact angle of water.Contact angle is 19 degree.
Then, it is coated with the second coating using dip coating (pull rate 1.3mm/s) on the first film of base material.Will be
The base material that the second coating is coated with one film is heated 30 minutes using heating furnace at 60 DEG C, so as on the first film of base material
Form the second film.
To form the second film above-mentioned base material be cooled to room temperature after, the surface of the second film is used as alkaline solution
Sodium hydrate aqueous solution (0.001mol/L) cleaning.Then, after the surface of the second film is cleaned with pure water, it is dried,
So as to make the test piece in the present embodiment.
Determine the surface of test piece and the contact angle of water.Contact angle is 115 degree.The surface of test piece has repellency.
The checking > of the locally lying in of amine of < strips
The ratio of the nitrogen-atoms of the constitution element as amine of the film coated surface of test piece is obtained by the use of XPS analysis.Nitrogen-atoms
Ratio be 2.4%.Additionally, apart from thickness for the surface of the film of 50nm is 10nm depth when the ratio of nitrogen-atoms be
0.8%.That is, the nitrogen-atoms ratio of the strip in the present embodiment is 3 times of the nitrogen-atoms ratio inside film.Thus verify
Amine locally lying in of strip in the present embodiment.
(embodiment 2)
Using aluminium sheet (20mm × 30mm × 0.2mm) as base material, in addition, operate similarly to Example 1, make
Test piece.Additionally, in the present embodiment, as control test piece, having made and not formed the first film and only shape on the surface of above-mentioned aluminium sheet
Into the test piece of the second film.
In the present embodiment, by the test piece and control test piece be anchored on washing machine water jacket (symbol 2 of reference picture 1) it is interior
Face, washing operating is carried out with the water of the maximum amount of stockpiling of sink using the washing machine.After washing operating terminates, will do washing
Machine be maintained in constant-humidity constant-temperature groove 30 DEG C, 90%RH and place 1 week.
Detect by an unaided eye the inner face of water jacket, results verification to the inner face in water jacket, in addition to the test piece part installed,
Substantially entire surface (including control test piece part) produces black mould.Thereby confirm that the anti-mold effect of the test piece in the present embodiment.
(embodiment 3)
In the present embodiment, the first coating is coated with a part for the drainpipe (symbol 9 of reference picture 1) of washing machine and shape
Into after the first film, it is coated with following second coating on the surface of first film and forms the second film.
The part for foring the drainpipe of the first film and the second film is with attached with water jacket (symbol 2 of reference picture 1)
Cylinder element (internal diameter 45mm, the length of the resin-made (polypropylene) that the corresponding mode of near drain parts separately makes
100mm)。
Additionally, the first coating and the second coating use coating similarly to Example 1.The shape of the first film and the second film
Into using dip coating (pull rate 1.3mm/s), using the heating of heating furnace, cooling, the utilization alkaline solution of the second film
Cleaning and washing are carried out under conditions of similarly to Example 1 respectively.Hereinafter, a part for the drainpipe is referred to as experimental
Water pipe.
Additionally, in the present embodiment, as control drainpipe, separately making not forming the first film and only form the second film
Drainpipe a part.
In the present embodiment, experiment drainpipe is installed on washing machine and carried out a succession of untill the draining of washings
Washing operating.Additionally, concurrently carrying out being mounted with to compare drainpipe with the washing operating of the washing machine for being mounted with to test drainpipe
Washing machine washing operating.Then, washing operating terminate after, by each washing machine be maintained in constant-humidity constant-temperature groove 30 DEG C,
90%RH and place 1 week.
The experiment drainpipe pulled down from each washing machine with endoscopic observation and the inner side of control drainpipe, results verification is to right
The whole face in inner side of phototypesetting water pipe is mouldy, but the inner side of experiment drainpipe does not produce black mould.Thereby confirm that the examination in the present embodiment
Test the anti-mold effect of drainpipe.
(comparative example)
In above-described embodiment 1, during the first coating of modulation, the mass parts of silica sol liquid 5 and the matter of carboxylate ethanol solution 1 are mixed with
Amount part, and in the comparative example, the mass of carboxylate ethanol solution 1 is replaced using the following ethanol solution containing aminoalkoxysilane
Part.
Ethanol solution containing aminoalkoxysilane is dissolved in second by by the mass parts of 3- TSL 8330s 2
The mass parts of alcohol 98 and obtain.Hereinafter, the ethanol solution containing aminoalkoxysilane is referred to as the 3rd coating.
In comparative example, it is produced on and is applied as the surface coating the 3rd of the quartz glass plate (40mm × 40mm × 1mm) of base material
Expect and after the 3rd film of formation, be coated with the second coating (with reference to embodiment 1) on the surface of the 3rd film and form the second painting
The comparing test piece of film (with reference to embodiment 1).
< compares the making > of test piece
On base material the 3rd coating is coated with using dip coating (pull rate 1.3mm/s).The base of the 3rd coating will be coated with
Material is heated 30 minutes using heating furnace at 60 DEG C, so as to form the 3rd film on base material.After the base material is cooled into room temperature, survey
The surface of fixed 3rd film and the contact angle of water.Contact angle is 17 degree.
Then, the second coating is coated with (with reference to real using dip coating (pull rate 1.3mm/s) on the 3rd film of base material
Apply example 1).The base material that the second coating will be coated with the 3rd film is heated 30 minutes using heating furnace at 60 DEG C, so as in base
The second film similarly to Example 1 is formed on 3rd film of material.
To form the second film above-mentioned base material be cooled to room temperature after, the surface of the second film is used as alkaline solution
Sodium hydrate aqueous solution (0.001mol/L) cleaning.Then, after the surface of the second film is cleaned with pure water, it is dried,
So as to comparison test piece.
Measure compares the surface of test piece and the contact angle of water.Contact angle is 115 degree.The surface of test piece has repellency.
Additionally, obtaining the ratio of the nitrogen-atoms of the constitution element as amine of the film coated surface for comparing test piece by the use of XPS analysis
Rate.The ratio of nitrogen-atoms is 2.4%.Additionally, apart from thickness for the surface of the film of 50nm is 10nm depth when nitrogen-atoms
Ratio is 2.1%.That is, the nitrogen-atoms ratio for comparing strip is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-atoms ratio inside film.Thereby confirm that
To amine not in the locally lying in of surface of relatively test piece, but substantially uniformly it is distributed in film.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of coating composition, it is characterised in that include:Containing aminoalkoxysilane and monocarboxylic acid containing alkyl or sulphur containing alkyl
Acid salt and make the scattered macromolecular compound of the salt.
2. coating composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkyl is the straight chain of carbon number 1~12
The alkyl of shape, branched or ring-type.
3. coating composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described containing aminoalkoxysilane by following formula
(1) represent,
(R3O)2SiR2-X-NHR1Formula (1)
Wherein, in the formula (1), R1It is hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon, R2It is alkyl, R3It is the alkyl that may be the same or different each other,
X is bivalent hydrocarbon radical.
4. coating composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described containing aminoalkoxysilane by following formula
(2) represent,
(R3O)3Si-X-NHR1Formula (2)
Wherein, in the formula (2), R1It is hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon, R3It is the alkyl that may be the same or different each other, X is divalent hydrocarbon
Base.
5. coating composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the macromolecular compound is poly-alkoxyl silicon
There is the hydrocarbon resin of ester bond, main chain there is the resin and main chain of amino-formate bond to have in the resin of ehter bond extremely for alkane, side chain
Lack any one.
6. a kind of application member, it is characterised in that possess base material and the repellency film being formed on the base material,
The repellency film is included and contains amino silicones,
Compared with the inside of the repellency film, the amino containing amino silicones is more present in the repellency
The surface of film.
7. application member according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the repellency film possesses and is formed at the base material
On the first film and the second film for being formed on first film,
First film includes the holding macromolecular compound containing amino silicones,
Second film includes repellency compound.
8. application member according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the repellency compound is with carbon number 3
The polysiloxanes of~18 fluorine-containing organic group.
9. application member according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the repellency compound is with carbon number 1
The polydialkysiloxane of~5 alkyl.
10. a kind of manufacture method of application member, it is characterised in that have:
By the coating composition described in claim 1 coat on base material and formed the first film operation,
Coating includes the fluorine-containing organic group with carbon number 3~18 on first film alkoxy silane or have
The coating of the dialkoxy silicane of the alkyl of carbon number 1~5 and formed the second film operation and
The operation of the second film coated surface is cleaned with alkaline solution.
11. a kind of washing machines, it is characterised in that possess the application member described in claim 6.
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DE202020104665U1 (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-04 | MAXI-PRESS Elastomertechnik GmbH | Membrane for a dewatering press |
KR20240026349A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Textured urethane powder coating exterior material for home appliances and washing machine comprising the same |
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TWI618763B (en) | 2018-03-21 |
TW201723102A (en) | 2017-07-01 |
CN106833372B (en) | 2019-11-22 |
JP2017101204A (en) | 2017-06-08 |
JP6483595B2 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
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