CN106831289A - A kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed - Google Patents
A kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106831289A CN106831289A CN201710070947.3A CN201710070947A CN106831289A CN 106831289 A CN106831289 A CN 106831289A CN 201710070947 A CN201710070947 A CN 201710070947A CN 106831289 A CN106831289 A CN 106831289A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/26—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero-atoms
- C07C1/30—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero-atoms by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/07—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides
- C07C17/08—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed.The non-metallic catalyst is prepared via a method which to obtain：Step 1, activated carbon is standby as carrier after overpickling dried process；Step 2, it is nitrogen-containing compound is soluble in water and adjust pH value range for 4.5 8, nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract is configured to, the mass content of nitrogen-containing compound is 1 50% in the nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract；Step 3, impregnates during the activated carbon after the pickling processes is added into the nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract；Step 4, will carry out drying and roasting treatment after the activated carbon suction filtration after the dipping, and the non-metallic catalyst is obtained.The non-metallic catalyst used in the present invention, compares with disclosed solid acid catalyst, and on the basis of high conversion, high selectivity and stability is ensured, preparation cost is lower, using more environmentally-friendly close friend, is more suitable for industrial applications.
Description
Technical field
Catalyst the present invention relates to be catalyzed chloropropane elimination reaction, and in particular to a kind of non-metallic catalyst and its urging
Change the application in chloropropane elimination reaction.
Background technology
There is elimination reaction system in the liquid phase on the premise of the alkali such as NaOH or calcium hydroxide is present in chloralkane
Standby corresponding alkene is the common reaction for preparing olefinic double bonds in organic chemistry, such as given birth to by 3,4- chlorobutylenes elimination reaction
Produce chlorobutadiene, and 1, the elimination reaction of 1,2- trichloroethanes.However, in addition to liquid phase reactor, can also be urged by gas phase
Change and elimination reaction occur, obtain correspondence alkene and eliminate hydrogen chloride gas, industrial such reaction need Pintsch process or
Catalytic pyrolysis, such as 1,2- dichloroethanes Pintsch process eliminates hydrogen chloride and prepares VCM.Reacted by catalytic removal
Mechanism, it is also possible to using chloropropane for raw material is cracked to form propylene.
In addition, chloropropane and dichloropropane these chloride volatile organic compoundses, can cause the destruction of environment and to people
Class health has a negative impact, it is therefore desirable to decomposition and inversion of trying every possible means these chlorine-containing gas.Method main at present is in oxygen
In the presence of gas, reacted using solid acid catalyst such as noble metal catalyst or cadmium-aluminium oxide catalyst.In temperature 450-550K
Scope, removes hydrogen chloride and generates propylene with silica alumina catalyst chloropropane, when temperature is higher, there is bright
Aobvious chlorine byproducts generation.After temperature is more than 700K, COxIt is Main By product.Existing method not only catalyst cost
Height, and environment is polluted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed,
A kind of low cost, the catalyst of the gas phase catalysis chloropropane elimination reaction of asepsis environment-protecting are provided.
The present invention is as follows to solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem is used：
A kind of non-metallic catalyst, the non-metallic catalyst is made by the steps acquisition：
Step 1, activated carbon is standby as carrier after overpickling dried process；
Step 2, it is nitrogen-containing compound is soluble in water and adjust pH value range for 4.5-8, it is configured to nitrogen-containing compound dipping
Liquid, the mass content of nitrogen-containing compound is 1-50% in the nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract；
Step 3, impregnates during the activated carbon after the pickling processes is added into the nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract；
Step 4, will carry out drying and roasting treatment after the activated carbon suction filtration after the dipping, be obtained described nonmetal catalyzed
Agent.
Preferably, the activated carbon is selected from one or more in active carbon from coal, active fruit shell carbon or cocoanut active charcoal.
Preferably, the nitrogen-containing compound be selected from ammonia, ammoniacal liquor, melamine, urea, acrylamide, pyridine, pyrroles,
One or more in imidazoles, cyanoacetamide.
Preferably, in the step 1 activated carbon pickling dried process Acidwash solution for 0.1-3.0mol/L hydrochloric acid or
Salpeter solution, drying temperature is 60~160 DEG C, and drying time is 6~24h.
Preferably, dipping temperature of the activated carbon in nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract is 20-100 DEG C in the step 3, dipping
Time is 1-24h.
Preferably, 50-100g activated carbons are added in the step 3 in 100mL nitrogen-containing compound maceration extracts.
Preferably, the specific method that activated carbon is dried calcination process in the step 4 is：In 50-200 DEG C of temperature model
Enclose it is interior dry 1-12h, dried activated carbon is warming up to the heating rate of 1.5-6 DEG C/min (preferably 1.5-3 DEG C/min)
It is calcined in the range of 400-1000 DEG C (preferably 600-800 DEG C), roasting 2-10h (preferably 4-6h), is cooled to normal temperature and institute is obtained
State non-metallic catalyst.
Present invention also offers described non-metallic catalyst answering in catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction prepares propylene
With.Preferably, the reaction temperature of the catalytic reaction is 150-300 DEG C, air speed 10-120h-1。
Present invention also offers described non-metallic catalyst propylene and chlorine are prepared in catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene reaction
Application in ethene.Preferably, the mol ratio of the 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene is 1:1-1:5, the reaction temperature of catalytic reaction is
150-300 DEG C, air speed 10-120h-1。
Non-metallic catalyst of the invention can be used for following reaction：
Reaction is 1)：
Reaction is 2)：
Reaction technique 1)：2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride liquid enters the fixed bed reactors equipped with catalyst, reaction temperature by pump
150-300 DEG C, air speed 10-120h-1, reaction efflux is cooled to room temperature, using gas chromatographic analysis calculating 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion
Rate and Propylene Selectivity.
Reaction technique 2)：2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride liquid enters the fixed bed reactors equipped with catalyst, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride by pump
Enter reaction bed journey after steam and acetylene gas mixing, both mol ratios are 1:1-1:5,150-300 DEG C of reaction temperature, air speed
10-120h-1, reaction efflux is cooled to room temperature, using 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene in gas chromatographic analysis calculating each time period
Conversion ratio and Propylene Selectivity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1, the present invention is prepared for a kind of nitrogen-doped carbon material, and this material can be catalyzed chloropropane and be cracked to form propylene, no
This organic volatile gas environmental pollution of chloropropane can only be eliminated and also turned waste into wealth, chloropropane is changed into propylene,
And the present invention can also use chloropropane and acetylene concerted reaction, not only by chloropropane conversion also simultaneously will produce hydrogen chloride and
Acetylene reaction generates vinyl chloride, to greatest extent using chlorine, must at utmost reduce chlorine discharge.
2, the non-metallic catalyst that uses in the present invention is compared with disclosed solid acid catalyst, ensure high conversion,
On the basis of high selectivity and stability, preparation cost is lower, using more environmentally-friendly close friend, is more suitable for industrial applications.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail below by way of specific embodiment.Raw material and reagent used in the present invention
It is commercially available.
The mistake of activated carbon acid treatment is referred to as in the specific embodiment of the invention：By active carbon from coal, active fruit shell carbon or coconut husk
One kind in activated carbon is dried as carrier after overpickling, and Acidwash solution can use hydrochloric acid or salpeter solution, and concentration is
0.1-3.0mol/L, drying temperature is 60-120 DEG C, and drying time is that 6-24h is standby.
Embodiment 1
The melamine solution 100ml of mass content 1% is prepared, pH6.5 is adjusted, adds the coconut husk after 80g acid treatments to live
Property charcoal 12h is impregnated at 60 DEG C, 3h is dried after suction filtration at 140 DEG C, with 3 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 800 DEG C activation 4h, be obtained urge
Agent.15g catalyst is taken, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction, control air speed 80h-1, 200 DEG C of reactions, gas-chromatography
Calculated after analysis, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 50%, Propylene Selectivity 99%.
Embodiment 2
The urea liquid 100ml of mass content 12% is prepared, pH8 is adjusted, adds the cocoanut active charcoal after 70g acid treatments to exist
18h is impregnated at 80 DEG C, 3h is dried at 140 DEG C after suction filtration, with 4 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 650 DEG C of activation 5h, catalyst is obtained.Take
15g catalyst, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction, control air speed 100h-1, 250 DEG C of reactions, after gas chromatographic analysis
Calculate, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 70%, Propylene Selectivity 98%.
Embodiment 3
The ammonia spirit 100ml of mass content 4% is prepared, pH4.5 is adjusted, the active carbon from coal after 100g acid treatments is added
3h is impregnated at 25 DEG C, 3h is dried at 100 DEG C after suction filtration, with 1.5 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 600 DEG C of activation 4h, catalyst is obtained.
15g catalyst is taken, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction, control air speed 30h-1, 180 DEG C of reactions, gas chromatographic analysis
After calculate, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 90%, tetrachloro-ethylene selectivity 98%.
Embodiment 4
The acrylamide solution 100ml of mass content 8% is prepared, pH6.0 is adjusted, adds the coconut husk after 50g acid treatments to live
Property charcoal 6h is impregnated at 30 DEG C, 3h is dried after suction filtration at 120 DEG C, with 2 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 700 DEG C activation 6h, be obtained catalysis
Agent.15g catalyst is taken, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction, control air speed 60h-1, 200 DEG C of reactions, gas-chromatography point
Calculated after analysis, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 60%, tetrachloro-ethylene selectivity 99%.
Embodiment 5
The imidazole solution 100ml of mass content 40% is prepared, pH7 is adjusted, the cocoanut active charcoal after 100g acid treatments is added
24h is impregnated at 70 DEG C, 2h is dried at 200 DEG C after suction filtration, with 3 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 850 DEG C of activation 4h, catalyst is obtained.Take
15g catalyst, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene single step reaction, control air speed 60h-1, 250 DEG C of reactions, gas-chromatography
Calculated after analysis, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 92%, conversion of alkyne 85%, propylene and vinyl chloride selectively respectively reach 98% He
99%.
Embodiment 6
The chromium solution 100ml of mass content 30% is prepared, pH6.5 is adjusted, the cocoanut active charcoal after 60g acid treatments is added
24h is impregnated at 50 DEG C, 2h is dried at 180 DEG C after suction filtration, with 5 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 900 DEG C of activation 3h, catalyst is obtained.Take
15g catalyst, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene single step reaction, control air speed 50h-1, 220 DEG C of reactions, gas-chromatography
Calculated after analysis, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 82%, conversion of alkyne 80%, propylene and vinyl chloride selectively respectively reach 98% He
99%.
Embodiment 7
The pyridine solution 100ml of mass content 25% is prepared, pH8 is adjusted, adds the cocoanut active charcoal after 80g acid treatments to exist
20h is impregnated at 60 DEG C, 6h is dried at 120 DEG C after suction filtration, with 3 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 850 DEG C of activation 6h, catalyst is obtained.Take
15g catalyst, for gas phase catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene single step reaction, control air speed 60h-1, 250 DEG C of reactions, gas-chromatography
Calculated after analysis, 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride conversion ratio 92%, conversion of alkyne 88%, propylene and vinyl chloride selectively respectively reach 99% He
98%.
Part preferred embodiment of the invention is above are only, the present invention is not limited in the content of embodiment.For ability
For technical staff in domain, can there are various change and change in the concept of technical solution of the present invention, that is made appoints
What changes and changes, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of non-metallic catalyst, it is characterised in that the non-metallic catalyst is made by the steps acquisition：
Step 1, activated carbon is standby as carrier after overpickling dried process；
Step 2, it is nitrogen-containing compound is soluble in water and adjust pH value range for 4.5-8, it is configured to nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract, institute
The mass content for stating nitrogen-containing compound in nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract is 1-50%；
Step 3, impregnates during the activated carbon after the pickling processes is added into the nitrogen-containing compound maceration extract；
Step 4, will carry out drying and roasting treatment after the activated carbon suction filtration after the dipping, and the non-metallic catalyst is obtained.
2. a kind of non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The activated carbon be selected from active carbon from coal,
One or more in active fruit shell carbon or cocoanut active charcoal.
3. a kind of non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nitrogen-containing compound is selected from ammonia, ammonia
Water, melamine, urea, acrylamide, pyridine, pyrroles, one or more in imidazoles, cyanoacetamide.
4. a kind of non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Activated carbon pickling is dried in the step 1
The Acidwash solution for the treatment of is the hydrochloric acid or salpeter solution of 0.1-3.0mol/L, and drying temperature is 60~160 DEG C, and drying time is 6
~24h.
5. a kind of non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Activated carbon is in nitrogen in the step 3
Dipping temperature in compound maceration extract is 20-100 DEG C, and dip time is 1-24h.
6. a kind of non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that activated carbon is dried in the step 4
The specific method of calcination process is：Dry 1-12h in 50-200 DEG C of temperature range, dried activated carbon with 1.5-6 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is warming up in the range of 400-1000 DEG C and is calcined, and is calcined 2-10h, is cooled to normal temperature and the non-gold is obtained
Metal catalyst.
7. the non-metallic catalyst described in any one of claim 1-6 is being catalyzed answering during 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction prepares propylene
With.
8. application of the non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 7 in catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride elimination reaction prepares propylene, its
It is characterised by：The reaction temperature of the catalytic reaction is 150-300 DEG C, air speed 10-120h-1。
9. the non-metallic catalyst described in any one of claim 1-6 prepares propylene and chlorine in catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene reaction
Application in ethene.
10. non-metallic catalyst as claimed in claim 9 prepares propylene and vinyl chloride in catalysis 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene reaction
In application, it is characterised in that：The mol ratio of the 2 cbloropropane isopropyl chloride and acetylene is 1:1-1:5, the reaction temperature of catalytic reaction is
150-300 DEG C, air speed 10-120h-1。
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| CN201710070947.3A CN106831289A (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed |
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| CN201710070947.3A CN106831289A (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in chloropropane elimination reaction is catalyzed |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107876098A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-06 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | A kind of catalyst of synthesizing polyether amine and preparation method thereof, application |
| CN108745337A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-06 | 天津科技大学 | A kind of non-metallic catalyst and Preparation method and use for dehydrogenating propane |
| CN109647523A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-19 | 南开大学 | A kind of preparation method and its application method of the non-metal catalyst for fixed bed preparing chloroethylene by acetylene hydrochlorination |
| CN110304981A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-10-08 | 宜宾天原集团股份有限公司 | The method of chloromethanes conversion producing light olefins |
| CN111450860A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | Nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst based on biomass and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111454122A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | Method for eliminating hydrogen chloride by catalytic cracking of chloralkane |
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| CN104525237A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Nitrogen-doped active carbon catalyzer and application thereof in chloroethylene synthesis |
| CN106475084A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-08 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of non-metallic catalyst and its application in gas phase catalysis tetrachloro-ethylene |
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| CN107876098A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-06 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | A kind of catalyst of synthesizing polyether amine and preparation method thereof, application |
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| CN111450860A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | Nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst based on biomass and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111454122A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | Method for eliminating hydrogen chloride by catalytic cracking of chloralkane |
| CN110304981A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-10-08 | 宜宾天原集团股份有限公司 | The method of chloromethanes conversion producing light olefins |
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