CN106830191A - A kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation method based on isoelectric point identification - Google Patents
A kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation method based on isoelectric point identification Download PDFInfo
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- CN106830191A CN106830191A CN201710045061.3A CN201710045061A CN106830191A CN 106830191 A CN106830191 A CN 106830191A CN 201710045061 A CN201710045061 A CN 201710045061A CN 106830191 A CN106830191 A CN 106830191A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/18—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control pH control
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Abstract
A kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation method based on isoelectric point identification, comprises the steps of：The screening of step one, film：Based on the identification to different film surfaces isoelectric point, initially-separate coefficient of the different films to material is determined；Be the initially-separate coefficient small film of big, relative isoelectric point according to optimum principle, and by film be divided into I classes film,Class film,Class film andClass film；The optimization of step 2, technological parameter：To what is selectedClass film andClass film carries out the optimization of technological parameter, and the parameter for optimizing includes the pH value of operating pressure, operating flux, running temperature and separated object material；Step 3, the confirmation of technological process：Film species is determined according to step one, I class films are directly used；Class film andClass film carries out the process parameter optimizing in step 2；Class film is directly abandoned.Holistic approach science of the present invention, system, it is easy to understand and master, improve operating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of waste water processing, it is related to a kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation side based on isoelectric point identification
Method.
Background technology
With the increasingly raising that society is required green technology, a point salt technology is increasingly paid close attention to by different industries, especially
It is the industry that some produce brine waste or salt-mixture waste water, such as Coal Chemical Industry, plating, printing and dyeing.Will according to environmental protection at this stage
The development trend asked, zero-emission is inevitable demand for development, middle herein, only by advanced rational point of salt technology, ability
Final minimizing and zero-emission is efficiently completed, while some industries are also recyclable economic worth precious metal or high-purity
Inorganic salts.
Existing point of salt technology mainly has chemical precipitation method point salt, embrane method point salt etc..Chemical precipitation method point salt refer to
Some chemical substances are added in mixing brine waste, make it that directly chemical reaction occur with the pollutant to be removed in waste water,
The method that generation is insoluble in the sediment of water and makes separated from contaminants removing.But generally to be added due to chemical precipitation method substantial amounts of
Chemical agent, and the form as sediment is precipitated out, it is big that this just determines that the waste water after chemical precipitation method treatment can be present
The secondary pollution of amount.Embrane method point salt is primarily referred to as NF membrane point salt technology, and its process is generally：Material is done clear by pre-processing
Clear filtering, filtered material is separated into NF membrane, and general monovalent salt is more easily by NF membrane, and divalent salts are then more
Easily retained by NF membrane.In many points of selections of salt technique embrane method point salt all have technical advantage, but technology establishment with
And it is that a numerous and diverse system works to select membrane process, the selection of NF membrane is varied, and UF membrane characteristic has individuation difference, but
This species diversity can only be screened by substantial amounts of experiment, and the consuming time is long, and success rate is relatively low, and the method for lacking science refers to
Lead, and limited by membrane module inherent characteristic, it is likely that all films by selection are unsuitable for process requirements or efficiency
Separation target cannot lowly be met.Technology establishment often relies on experience, and success rate is low, and screening membrane process is complicated, technology establishment mistake
Journey is complicated, the workflow of the low shortage science of efficiency.
Therefore, how to solve the above problems, be content that those skilled in the art important research.
The content of the invention
It is to join with film surface isoelectric point present invention aim at providing a kind of to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art
According to, the standardization flow and method of science is formulated, fast and accurately determine process program, improve the success that nanofiltration point salt technique confirms
A kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation method based on isoelectric point identification of rate.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of nanofiltration point salt worker based on isoelectric point identification
Skill confirmation method, comprises the steps of：
The screening of step one, film：Based on the identification to different film surfaces isoelectric point, initially-separate of the different films to material is determined
Coefficient；Be the initially-separate coefficient small film of big, relative isoelectric point according to optimum principle, and by film be divided into I classes film,Class film,
Class film andClass film；
The optimization of step 2, technological parameter：To what is selectedClass film andClass film carries out the optimization of technological parameter, optimizes
Parameter including operating pressure, operating flux, running temperature and separated object material pH value；
Step 3, the confirmation of technological process：Film species is determined according to step one, I class films are directly used；Class film andClass film
Carry out the process parameter optimizing in step 2；Class film is directly abandoned.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, related content is explained as follows：
1st, in such scheme, point electricity in described film surface etc. refers to film surface with electric charge, when under a certain pH value, film surface is
Electroneutral, pH value now is the film surface isoelectric point.And film surface isoelectric point measurement difficulty is larger, actual behaviour is not suitable as
Make parameter, therefore propose relative isoelectric point, such as NaCl molecular weight is 58.5, NF membrane rejection（Molecular weight）Generally 200, so
And NF membrane is respectively provided with certain rejection for 2000ppm NaCl, this is mainly film surface and carries caused by electric charge, film
Surface carries negative electrical charge, therefore we use the band point and isoelectric point of the rejection secondary indication film of 2000ppm NaCl, typically
When 2000ppm NaCl rejections are 50% or so, the isoelectric point of film is 4~5, so general in same molecular cut off
Film in, if the rejection of 2000ppmNaCl is higher, illustrate that film surface is negatively charged more, isoelectric point is smaller.
2nd, in such scheme, the initially-separate coefficient refers to that, if A is divalent ion or multivalent ion, B is monovalent ion, then
Film is respectively RA and RB to the rejection of two kinds of materials, then initially-separate coefficient is RA/RB, and initially-separate coefficient is bigger,
Then more illustrate that the feasibility of the technique is bigger.
3rd, in such scheme, the I classes film in the step one is essential film,Class film is preferred film,Class film is time choosing
Film,Class film is to abandon film.Several films to being likely to be used carry out the test of relative isoelectric point, and for separated object material
Initially-separate coefficient is determined, best film is preferably gone out according to following principle and is used for downstream；
In two kinds of characteristics of relative isoelectric point and initially-separate coefficient, initially-separate coefficient is paid the utmost attention to, secondly consider relative etc.
It is electric, if the separation of screening film has met process requirements, then the lower film of relative isoelectric point may be selected, in order to
There is the space of further optimization, such film is defined asClass film；If being unsatisfactory for process requirements, then same selection is relative to wait electricity
The low film of point, so entering into after next Optimizing Flow still has the space of Optimal improvements, and such film is defined asClass film；According to excellent
Principle is selected, if nothingClass filmClass film, then it is contemplated thatClass film, this kind of film also possibility with further adjusting and optimizing
Property, can attempt being optimized into next step flow.If it is determined that film isClass film, then abandon the further optimization of the film
Possibility, reduces unnecessary time waste.
4th, in such scheme, in the step 2, process parameter optimizing flow includes operating pressure, operating flux, operation
The pH value of temperature, separated object material, method more comprehensive, system is determined compared with other techniques.
The pH value for adjusting separated object material refers to addition acidic materials or the alkaline matter in the separated object material, and not
It is confined to list material；It is the parameter optimization carried out with reference to isoelectric point theory.By the pH value control of separated object material less than selected
FixedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then it is selectedClass film orThe surface of class film is positively charged；By separated object
The pH value control of material is more than what is selectedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then it is selectedClass film orThe table of class film
Face is negatively charged.
5th, in such scheme, the optimization that the film of Optimizing Flow carries out technological parameter can be entered to selecting
, adjustment operating pressure controlled range：While the reasonable rate of recovery is obtained, whether investigation influences initial point of material
From coefficient, the corresponding operating pressure of prioritizing selection optimal initial separation；
, adjustment operating flux controlled range：Whether investigation influences initially-separate coefficient, prioritizing selection optimal initial segregative line
The corresponding operating flux of number；
, adjustment temperature controlled range：Whether investigation influences initially-separate coefficient, prioritizing selection optimal initial separation
Corresponding running temperature；
, adjustment material pH value：HCl, H can be added2SO4, the acidic materials such as citric acid, or NaOH, KOH, NaCO3、NH3·
H2The alkaline matters such as O, the regulation of PH is carried out to separated object material, if general control less than film separated object material pH value
Isoelectric point, then NF membrane surface is generally positively charged, if by separated object material pH value control in the isoelectric point more than film,
So NF membrane is generally negatively charged, and whether investigated with this principle influences separation, prioritizing selection optimum separation factor correspondence
Operation PH.
6th, in such scheme, in the step 3,Class film can be used directly, and can also pass through step 2, to enter line parameter excellent
Change,Class film andClass film need to enter the optimization of line parameter, meet the confirmation of the completed technique of process requirements, it is ungratified then
Illustrate that technique confirms failure, other assemblies are selected again, andClass film is then directly abandoned.
Because above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention this have the advantage that compared with prior art：
1st, present invention process confirmation method is the flow of set of system：The optimization of screening and technological parameter including film.The sieve of film
It is the measure for being based on the identification to film surface isoelectric point, and initially-separate coefficient to select flow, will according to the successful possibility of technique
Film is divided intoClass film,Class film,Class film,Four classifications of class film, the direction that can clearly instruct very much technique to confirm, carry
Success rate and operating efficiency that scheme high confirms.The screening process of film, the direction of the reaction screening of visual system and target, use
It is convenient to should be readily appreciated that.The Optimizing Flow of technological parameter, comprehensive, system, can accurately determine optimal parametric scheme.
2nd, present invention process confirmation method recognized by NF membrane isoelectric point in itself, the control of operating parameter, and
Optimization separating effect is reached to the PH controls of separated object material, a kind of technique confirmation method of particular separation target is realized, should
Method is a kind of based on nanofiltration, and it is the technique of optimal control point salt with reference on the basis of to set up in film surface isoelectric point
Flow, can strengthen the subjective controllability and purpose of point salt technology, realize rapidly and efficiently confirming the technology of nanofiltration point salt technique
Method, reduces unnecessary work, improves the success rate that the speed and scheme of technique confirmation confirm.
3rd, regulation of the present invention process confirmation method kind to different material PH, can be directed to different separated object material system spirits
Addition living, is optimal effect.Holistic approach science, system, it is easy to understand and master, improve operating efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the screening process schematic diagram of film in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is present invention process parameter optimization schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 3 is that present invention process confirms schematic flow sheet.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation
Content disclosed by book understands other advantages of the invention and effect easily.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3.It should be clear that structure, ratio, size depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings etc., is only used to
Coordinate the content disclosed in specification, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, being not limited to the present invention can be real
The qualifications applied, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the tune of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size
It is whole, in the case where effect that can be generated of the invention and the purpose to be reached is not influenceed, all should still fall in disclosed skill
In the range of art content is obtained and can covered.Meanwhile, in this specification it is cited as " on ", D score, "left", "right", " centre " and
The term of " one " etc., is merely convenient to understanding for narration, and is not used to limit enforceable scope of the invention, its relativeness
It is altered or modified, under without essence change technology contents, when being also considered as enforceable category of the invention.
A kind of nanofiltration point salt technique confirmation method based on isoelectric point identification, comprises the steps of：
The screening of step one, film, as shown in Figure 1：Based on the identification to different film surfaces isoelectric point, different films are determined to material
Initially-separate coefficient；Be the initially-separate coefficient small film of big, relative isoelectric point according to optimum principle, and by film be divided into I classes film,Class film,Class film andClass film；
The optimization of step 2, technological parameter, as shown in Figure 2：To what is selectedClass film andClass film carries out the excellent of technological parameter
Change, the parameter for optimizing includes the pH value of operating pressure, operating flux, running temperature and separated object material；
Step 3, the confirmation of technological process, as shown in Figure 3：Film species is determined according to step one, I class films are directly used；Class film
WithClass film carries out the process parameter optimizing in step 2；Class film is directly abandoned.
Point electricity in described film surface etc. refers to film surface with electric charge, when under a certain pH value, film surface is electroneutral, this
When pH value be the film surface isoelectric point.And film surface isoelectric point measurement difficulty is larger, actual operational parameters are not suitable as, because
This proposes relative isoelectric point, and such as NaCl molecular weight is 58.5, NF membrane rejection（Molecular weight）Generally 200, but NF membrane
Certain rejection is respectively provided with for 2000ppm NaCl, this is mainly film surface with caused by electric charge, and film surface carries
Negative electrical charge, therefore we use the band point and isoelectric point of the rejection secondary indication film of 2000ppm NaCl, general works as
When 2000ppm NaCl rejections are 50% or so, the isoelectric point of film is 4~5, so the general film in same molecular cut off
In, if the rejection of 2000ppm NaCl is higher, illustrating that film surface is negatively charged more, isoelectric point is smaller.
The initially-separate coefficient refers to, if A is divalent ion or multivalent ion, B is monovalent ion, then film is to two kinds of materials
Rejection is respectively RA and RB, then initially-separate coefficient is RA/RB, and initially-separate coefficient is bigger, then more illustrate the technique
Feasibility it is bigger.
I classes film in the step one is essential film,Class film is preferred film,Class film selects film for secondary,Class film is to put
Abandon film.Several films to being likely to be used carry out the test of relative isoelectric point, and determine initially-separate for separated object material
Coefficient, preferably goes out best film and is used for downstream according to following principle；
In two kinds of characteristics of relative isoelectric point and initially-separate coefficient, initially-separate coefficient is paid the utmost attention to, secondly consider relative etc.
It is electric, if the separation of screening film has met process requirements, then the lower film of relative isoelectric point may be selected, in order to
There is the space of further optimization, such film is defined asClass film；If being unsatisfactory for process requirements, then same selection is relative to wait electricity
The low film of point, so entering into after next Optimizing Flow still has the space of Optimal improvements, and such film is defined asClass film；According to excellent
Principle is selected, if nothingClass filmClass film, then it is contemplated thatClass film, this kind of film also possibility with further adjusting and optimizing
Property, can attempt being optimized into next step flow.If it is determined that film isClass film, then abandon the further optimization of the film
Possibility, reduces unnecessary time waste.
In the step 2, process parameter optimizing flow includes operating pressure, operating flux, running temperature, separated object
The pH value of material, method more comprehensive, system is determined compared with other techniques.
The pH value for adjusting separated object material refers to addition acidic materials or the alkaline matter in the separated object material, and not
It is confined to list material；It is the parameter optimization carried out with reference to isoelectric point theory.By the pH value control of separated object material less than selected
FixedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then it is selectedClass film orThe surface of class film is positively charged；By separated object
The pH value control of material is more than what is selectedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then it is selectedClass film orThe table of class film
Face is negatively charged.
The optimization that the film of Optimizing Flow carries out technological parameter can be entered to selecting
, adjustment operating pressure controlled range：While the reasonable rate of recovery is obtained, whether investigation influences initial point of material
From coefficient, the corresponding operating pressure of prioritizing selection optimal initial separation；
, adjustment operating flux controlled range：Whether investigation influences initially-separate coefficient, prioritizing selection optimal initial segregative line
The corresponding operating flux of number；
, adjustment temperature controlled range：Whether investigation influences initially-separate coefficient, prioritizing selection optimal initial separation
Corresponding running temperature；
, adjustment material pH value：HCl, H can be added2SO4, the acidic materials such as citric acid, or NaOH, KOH, NaCO3、NH3·
H2The alkaline matters such as O, the regulation of PH is carried out to separated object material, if general control less than film separated object material pH value
Isoelectric point, then NF membrane surface is generally positively charged, if by separated object material pH value control in the isoelectric point more than film,
So NF membrane is generally negatively charged, and whether investigated with this principle influences separation, prioritizing selection optimum separation factor correspondence
Operation PH.
In the step 3,Class film can be used directly, and can also pass through step 2 carries out parameter optimization,Class film andClass
Film need to enter the optimization of line parameter, meet the confirmation of the completed technique of process requirements, and ungratified then explanation technique confirms failure,
Again other assemblies are selected, andClass film is then directly abandoned.
Embodiment one：
Nanofiltration UF membrane Na2SO4And the technique method of ascertainment of the mixed solution of NaCl：
The screening of film, selects certain NF membrane rolling NF2540 component, by testing initially-separate coefficient 2.5 of the film to two components
Left and right, can meet process requirements, can be used directly；Simultaneously by the optimization of each technological parameter, discovery reaches in operating pressure
More than 15Bar, operating flux is in 1m3/ h or so, 30~35 degrees Celsius of running temperature, when PH is adjusted to 5 by HCl, initially-separate
Coefficient increases to 2.8, finally confirms as optimal separating technology scheme.
Embodiment two：
Nanofiltration UF membrane Mg2+And Li+Mixed solution technique confirmation method：
The screening of film, selects certain NF membrane rolling NF2540 component, by testing initially-separate coefficient 1.3 of the film to two components
In left and right, and relative isoelectric point detection, the rejection of 2000ppmNaCl is 60%, can be attempted by the excellent of each technological parameter
Change, improve initially-separate coefficient, discovery reaches more than 15Bar, operating flux 1m in operating pressure3/ h or so, temperature 25~35
Degree Celsius, when PH is adjusted to 4 or so by HCl, initially-separate coefficient increases to 1.9, finally confirms as optimal separating technology scheme.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under without prejudice to spirit and scope of the invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by claim of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of nanofiltration based on isoelectric point identification divides salt technique confirmation method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps of：
The screening of step one, film：Based on the identification to different film surfaces isoelectric point, initially-separate of the different films to material is determined
Coefficient；Be the initially-separate coefficient small film of big, relative isoelectric point according to optimum principle, and by film be divided into I classes film,Class film,
Class film andClass film；
The optimization of step 2, technological parameter：To what is selectedClass film andClass film carries out the optimization of technological parameter, optimizes
Parameter includes the pH value of operating pressure, operating flux, running temperature and separated object material；
Step 3, the confirmation of technological process：Film species is determined according to step one, I class films are directly used；Class film andClass film enters
Process parameter optimizing in row step 2；Class film is directly abandoned.
2. the nanofiltration based on isoelectric point identification according to claim 1 divides salt technique confirmation method, it is characterised in that：It is described
I classes film in step one is essential film,Class film is preferred film,Class film selects film for secondary,Class film is to abandon film.
3. the nanofiltration based on isoelectric point identification according to claim 1 divides salt technique confirmation method, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step 2, the pH value for adjusting separated object material refers in the separated object material addition acidic materials or alkaline matter, will be by
The pH value control of separation of material is less than what is selectedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then it is selectedClass film orClass film
Surface it is positively charged；The pH value control of separated object material is more than what is selectedClass film orThe isoelectric point of class film, then institute
SelectedClass film orThe surface of class film is negatively charged.
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| CN201710045061.3A CN106830191B (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Isoelectric point identification-based nanofiltration salt separation process confirmation method |
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