CN106830017A - The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production, capital equipment has potassium chloride dissolving tank 1, potassium solution pump 2, filter 3, potassium cooling crystallization tower 4, thick potassium feed pump 5, potassium thickener 6, potassium centrifuge 7, belt conveyor 8, dryer system 9, elevator 10, potassium packing machine 11, potassium mother liquor tank 12, potassium mother liquor pump 13, vapo(u)rization system 14, ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15, ammonium salt solution pump 16, ammonium cooling crystallization tower 17, ammonium feed pump 18, ammonium thickener 19, ammonium centrifuge 20, ammonium packing machine 21, condensate draining 22, condensate pump 23, high-order condensate draining 24, ammonium mother liquor tank 25, ammonium mother liquor pump 26；It is raw material from potassium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and using double decomposition circulation process technique productions agricultural potassium nitrate and agriculture ammonium chloride, the present invention has mechanization degree high, automatization level is high, can the large-scale continuous agriculture potassium nitrate of production, good product quality, low production cost.

Description

The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production

Technical field

Potassium nitrate process unit is produced the present invention relates to one kind ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride metathesis reaction.

Background technology

Agriculture potassium nitrate is a kind of high-efficiency high-quality nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer, is described as third generation potash fertilizer, and China was since 1992 After test spread agricultural potassium nitrate succeeds on the tobacco planting, agriculture potassium nitrate is in water fruits and vegetables, tea tree, flowers and trees etc. It is widely popularized on high value crops and is used.

At present, China mainly produces agriculture potassium nitrate, and by-product chlorination using ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride double decomposition circulation process Ammonium.The existing many enterprises in the ground such as Sichuan, Yunnan produce agriculture potassium nitrate, but generally existing technology backwardness, machine using this method Tool low degree, automatic control level are poor, production scale is small, poor product quality, cost high energy consumption the shortcomings of, some factories Family's substantially still workshop-based production, this backward technology level seriously constrains agriculture Production of Potassium Nitrate development.

For the shortcoming for overcoming domestic agricultural Production of Potassium Nitrate technical merit low, the agriculture nitre of large-scale continuous production is realized Sour potassium, realizes low cost, low energy consumption, high-quality, high efficiency production agricultural potassium nitrate, and we began one's study from 2014 and develop It is a set of to produce 50000 tons of agriculture Production of Potassium Nitrate devices per year, realize extensive, serialization, low cost, low energy consumption, high-quality, efficiently The agriculture potassium nitrate of rate production.

The content of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production, and it is from potassium chloride and nitric acid Ammonium is raw material, using double decomposition circulation process technique productions agricultural potassium nitrate and agriculture ammonium chloride.

The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit process equipment of double decomposition circulation process production of the present invention is by potassium chloride dissolving tank, potassium solution Pump, filter, potassium cooling crystallization tower, thick potassium feed pump, potassium thickener, potassium centrifuge, belt conveyor, dryer system, carry Rise machine, potassium packing machine, potassium mother liquor tank, potassium mother liquor pump, vapo(u)rization system, ammonium nitrate dissolving tank, ammonium salt solution pump, ammonium cooling crystallization tower, Ammonium feed pump, ammonium thickener, ammonium centrifuge, ammonium packing machine, ammonium mother liquor tank, ammonium mother liquor pump, condensate draining, condensate pump, a high position Condensate draining is constituted, and production process is as follows.

（1）Will be during circulation ammonium mother liquor, water, potassium chloride adds potassium chloride dissolving tank by a certain percentage, to potassium chloride dissolving tank In be passed through steam heating, under agitation, potassium chloride is fully dissolved, be made into 60-112 DEG C of temperature, concentration 38-41 Baume degrees Potassium solution, potassium solution in potassium chloride dissolving tank is squeezed into after filter filters with potassium solution pump, then flow into potassium cooling crystallization tower In.

（2）Potassium solution cools to 10-30 DEG C in potassium cooling crystallization tower, separates out a large amount of Temperature crystal, thick nitre Contain a small amount of ammonium chloride in sour potassium crystal, squeezed into installed in certain high thick potassium feed liquid in potassium cooling crystallization tower with thick potassium feed pump In the potassium thickener of degree.

（3）A certain amount of additive is added to be mixed with thick potassium feed liquid in potassium thickener, thick potassium feed liquid is in potassium thickener After thickening, in a part of potassium mother liquor overflow to the potassium mother liquor tank of separation, the thick potassium feed liquid feeding potassium centrifuge of stiff is centrifuged Separating and dehydrating, in separation process, is passed through clear water and washs Temperature crystal to wash away ammonium chloride to potassium centrifuge, centrifugation Potassium mother liquor and washings are flowed into potassium mother liquor tank together.

（4）During the potassium nitrate separated from potassium centrifuge is through belt conveyor feeding dryer system, potassium nitrate is through dry Finished product agricultural potassium nitrate is after dry, finished product agricultural potassium nitrate is fallen into elevator, and agriculture potassium nitrate is promoted to potassium by elevator Packing machine, is put in storage after metering packing.

（5）Potassium mother liquor in potassium mother liquor tank is squeezed into vapo(u)rization system with potassium mother liquor pump, 40-45 Baume degrees, temperature 85- is evaporated to 90 DEG C, concentrate is squeezed into ammonium nitrate dissolving tank after evaporation.

（6）In the concentrate of ammonium nitrate dissolving tank, by a certain percentage add ammonium nitrate solid or ammonium nitrate solution, and Ammonium nitrate is dissolved under stirring condition, ammonium salt solution is formed, ammonium salt solution in ammonium nitrate dissolving tank is squeezed into ammonium with ammonium salt solution pump cools down In crystallizing tower, 50-75 DEG C is cooled to, crystallization separates out a large amount of ammonia chloride crystals, with ammonium feed pump by ammonium material in ammonium cooling crystallization tower Liquid is squeezed into the ammonium thickener of certain altitude.

（7）After ammonium feed liquid is thickened in ammonium thickener, in a part of ammonium mother liquor inflow ammonium mother liquor tank of separation, the ammonium of stiff Feed liquid send ammonium centrifuge separating and dehydrating, and to 60-90 DEG C of hot water is passed through in ammonium centrifuge in separation process, washing ammonium chloride is brilliant Body, to wash away the potassium nitrate feed liquid adhered on ammonia chloride crystal；The ammonia chloride crystal separated is fallen into ammonium packing machine, through meter Be put in storage after amount packaging；The ammonium mother liquor of centrifugation is flowed into ammonium mother liquor tank, and the ammonium mother liquor ammonium mother liquor pump in ammonium mother liquor tank is squeezed into Dispensing in potassium chloride dissolving tank；Said sequence circulate operation is pressed later, so the production technology is referred to as double decomposition circulation process.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：In potassium chloride dissolving tank Steam mode of heating is passed through for direct mixed heat transfer, steam is passed through and is directly mixed heat exchange with potassium chloride, water, ammonium mother liquor, heat exchange rises It is warm fast, and saving energy consumption and water；The operation of potassium chloride dissolving tank is to use to automatically control continuous operation, and it is by setting ammonium mother liquor The flow value of flowmeter, sets the flow value of water ga(u)ge, sets the flow value of steam-flow meter, is controlled automatically by regulating valve System, controls ammonium mother liquid flow rate, water-carrying capacity, steam flow respectively, continuously adds potassium chloride molten ammonium mother liquor, water, steam In solution groove, while controlling potassium chloride addition by a certain percentage, potassium chloride is continuously added, while also setting potassium solution stream The flow value of gauge, the flow value of potassium solution flowmeter is controlled by potassium solution pump frequency conversion, successively squeezes into potassium solution In filter.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Filter is using closed Pressure filtration mode, filtering accuracy is 10 microns, filters selection of filter cloth polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter cloth, and this filter cloth has not viscous material Characteristic, is not easily blocked, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Potassium cooling crystallization tower by Tower body, air blower, circulating pump, liquid distributor composition, potassium cooling crystallization tower use air as cooling media and feed liquid are cooled down Crystallization, under it is pumped to the spray from top of tower liquid distributor potassium solution with circulating pump, forms droplet-like or moisture film shape, while Tower bottom air is blasted in tower body and countercurrently flowed up by air blower, and potassium solution and air mix in tower, potassium solution is cooled down knot Partial crystallization goes out Temperature crystal, and the solution after cooling is fallen into bottom of towe；During potassium solution and air contact, there is convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection With evaporation heat transfer, convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection is the presence of temperature difference between hot fluid and air, by conduction heat transfer, cools down solution, evaporation Heat transfer is hydrone in nonsaturated air absorbent solution, and hydrone evaporator strip walks heat in making solution.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Ammonium cooling crystallization tower by Tower body, air blower, circulating pump, liquid distributor composition, ammonium cooling crystallization tower use air as cooling media and feed liquid are cooled down Crystallization, under it is pumped to the spray from top of tower liquid distributor ammonium salt solution with circulating pump, forms droplet-like or moisture film shape, while Tower bottom air is blasted in tower body and countercurrently flowed up by air blower, and ammonium salt solution and air mix in tower, ammonium salt solution is cooled down knot Partial crystallization goes out ammonium chloride, and the solution after cooling is fallen into bottom of towe；During ammonium salt solution and air contact, there is convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection with evaporation Heat transfer.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Potassium thickener is using weight Power settles thickener, and Temperature crystal falls to potassium thickener bottom under gravity, and potassium mother liquor overflows from top overfall Stream enters in potassium mother liquor tank；During operation, 0.1-0.5 kilograms of addition is added by the thick potassium feed liquid per 1m3 volumes in potassium thickener Agent, is mixed evenly, and additive composition is neopelex and quaternary amine mixture, and the additive of addition can be adsorbed in nitre Sour potassium plane of crystal, forms local coating film, potassium nitrate surface is changed into hydrophobicity by hydrophily, prevents moisture content from exchanging, Improve potassium nitrate product anti-caking performance.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Ammonium thickener is first used Again using being separated by filtration after sedimentation separation, because ammonia chloride crystal is smaller with Liquid density difference in ammonium feed liquid, using gravitational settling Speed is extremely slow, so ammonium feed liquid first is carried out into first time separation of solid and liquid by gravitational settling, then carries out second by filtering again Secondary separation of solid and liquid；Ammonium thickener is by conic tube, cylinder, hanging support, manhole, guide shell, discharging tube, conical filter cylinder, lid Plate, feed pipe, U-steel frame, agitating device, discharge nozzle composition.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Potassium centrifuge and ammonium from Scheming uses two-stage material-pushing centrifuge, and two-stage material-pushing centrifuge is that a kind of Horizontal two-stage piston material pushing is filtered with continuous operation Centrifuge, can be carried out continuously charging, separation, washing, discharging operations under the conditions of full-speed operation.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Drying system is by vibrating Fluid bed dryer, air-heater, air-cooler, air-introduced machine, air heat exchanger, sack cleaner composition；Its technical process is：Hot blast Machine blasting natural air after be heated to 60-90 DEG C in air heat exchanger, into Vibratingfluidbeddrier in dry section, together When air-cooler air is blasted in the cool drying area in Vibratingfluidbeddrier, into the nitre in Vibratingfluidbeddrier After sour potassium first passes through the drying of heated-air drying area, the cooling of cold front heavy rain area is entered back into, be then discharged out, in Vibratingfluidbeddrier Tail gas is discharged under air-introduced machine effect after sack cleaner dedusting, and it is condensation in water head tank that medium is heated in air heat exchanger Water.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Vapo(u)rization system uses two Effect evaporation technology, by 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is preheater, condenser, vavuum pump, concentrate pump, condensate draining, cold Condensate pump, high-order condensate draining composition；Evaporation technology process is：Potassium mother liquor is squeezed into and uniform temperature is preheated in preheater, advanced Enter 1st effective evaporator evaporation and concentration, the solution depended on pressure difference of 1st effective evaporator enters 2nd effect evaporator, continue to be concentrated by evaporation to rule Determine concentration, then squeezed into ammonium nitrate dissolving tank with concentrate pump；Raw steam from boiler room enters 1st effective evaporator and heats steaming Hair solution, the indirect steam that 1st effective evaporator evaporation is produced enters 2nd effect evaporator heating evaporation, the two of 2nd effect evaporator generation Secondary steam is introduced into preheater preheating potassium solution, preheater residue indirect steam（Also known as exhaust steam）Into condenser through cooling down water-cooled Become condensed water after solidifying, condensing does not pump outer row by vavuum pump；1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, preheater and condenser are produced Raw condensed water flows into condensate draining, and the condensed water condensate pump in condensate draining squeezes into circulation in high-order condensate draining to be made With.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Ammonium nitrate dissolving tank sets Agitating device is equipped with, agitator uses multi-layer oar blade agitator, speed of agitator to be controlled to 120-160 revs/min.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Produced by apparatus system Raw steam condensate (SC) and indirect steam condensed water centralized recovery in high-order condensate draining interior circulation be used for production process in, condensation A water part heats air for potassium chloride dissolving in potassium chloride dissolving tank, a part for air heat exchanger, and a part is used for Ammonium chloride centrifuge washings, both saving energy consumption, and using water wisely.

Double decomposition circulation process of the present invention produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：Device is using DCS controls System and safe reliable instrument selection, major part control use unity loop control, and vapo(u)rization system passes in and out feed liquid system and feeds intake Proportioning uses Ratio control, and potassium nitrate crystal temperature control uses serials control, all devices all to realize that continuous feed discharges.

The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production of the present invention has advantages below.

（1）Whole process unit mechanization is higher with automatization level, realizes large-scale continuous production.

（2）Energy-saving notable, potassium chloride dissolving tank is using straight-through steam heat-exchanging, potassium cooling crystallization tower and ammonium crystallisation by cooling Tower is cooled down using air direct heat transfer, and evaporation uses multiple-effect evaporation, the heat energy recycle of condensed water in production process, centrifugation point From the double pusher centrifuge etc. for using high-efficiency and continuous separate, the use of these new technology new equipments considerably reduce production cost with Energy consumption.

（3）The environmental protection of production technology device, whole technique and device closed circulating are produced, and input raw material is completely converted into product Product, all wash waters, mother liquor, cooling water, condensed water etc. are all recycled, and without any discharge of wastewater, drying system uses cloth bag Deduster, its dust emission standard is far below country's GB16297 standards.

（4）Good product quality, agriculture potassium nitrate product quality averagely contains potassium oxide 45.28%, total nitrogen 14.12%, moisture content 0.31%, chloride 0.75% reaches national GB/T20784-2013 standards primes requirement, produces agriculture potassium nitrate product loose Do not lump, overcome potassium nitrate product and easily lump shortcoming.Ammonium chloride averagely contains total nitrogen 24.39%, potassium oxide 3.41%, moisture content 1.38%, comply fully with certified products requirement in national GB/T2946-2008 standards.

（5）Low production cost, often produces 1 ton of agriculture potassium nitrate 0.59 ton of ammonium chloride of by-product, 0.812 ton of ammonium nitrate of consumption, chlorine Change 0.758 ton of potassium, 2.5 tons of water, 162 degree of electricity, 1.6 tons of steam, far below domestic pharmaceutical industry industry.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that double decomposition circulation process produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit hardware process flow diagram.

Fig. 2 is drying system apparatus and process schematic flow sheet.

Fig. 3 is vapo(u)rization system apparatus and process schematic flow sheet.

Fig. 4 is ammonium cooling crystallization tower structure diagram.

Fig. 5 is ammonium thickener structure diagram.

In Fig. 1,1, potassium chloride dissolving tank, 2, potassium solution pump, 3, filter, 4, potassium cooling crystallization tower, 5, thick potassium feed pump, 6th, potassium thickener, 7, potassium centrifuge, 8, belt conveyor, 9, dryer system, 10, elevator, 11, potassium packing machine, 12, potassium it is female Liquid bath, 13, potassium mother liquor pump, 14, vapo(u)rization system, 15, ammonium nitrate dissolving tank, 16, ammonium salt solution pump, 17, ammonium cooling crystallization tower, 18, Ammonium feed pump, 19, ammonium thickener, 20, ammonium centrifuge, 21, ammonium packing machine, 22, condensate draining, 23, condensate pump, 24, high-order Condensate draining, 25, ammonium mother liquor tank, 26, ammonium mother liquor pump.

In Fig. 2,9-1, air-heater, 9-2, air heat exchanger, 9-3, air-cooler, 9-4, Vibratingfluidbeddrier, 9-5, Sack cleaner, 9-6, air-introduced machine.

In Fig. 3,14-1,1st effective evaporator, 14-2,2nd effect evaporator, 14-3, condensate draining, 14-4, condensate pump, 14- 5th, concentrate pump, 14-6, preheater, 14-7, condenser, 14-8, vavuum pump, 14-9, high-order condensate draining.

In Fig. 4：(17-1), tower body, (17-2), air blower, (17-3), liquid distributor, (17-4), circulating pump.

In Fig. 5：19-1, conic tube, 19-2, cylinder, 19-3, hanging support, 19-4, manhole, 19-5, guide shell, 19- 6th, discharging tube, 19-7, conical filter cylinder, 19-8, cover plate, 19-9, feed pipe, 19-10, U-steel frame, 19-11, agitating device, 19-12, discharge nozzle.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below by way of specific embodiment description taken together with the accompanying drawings, but this is not Limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art's basic thought of the invention, various modifications may be made or improves, but Without departing from basic thought of the invention, within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention discloses a kind of agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production.As shown in figure 1, subdivision of the present invention The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit process equipment of solution round-robin method production includes potassium chloride dissolving tank 1, potassium solution pump 2, filter 3, potassium Cooling crystallization tower 4, thick potassium feed pump 5, potassium thickener 6, potassium centrifuge 7, belt conveyor 8, dryer system 9, elevator 10, Potassium packing machine 11, potassium mother liquor tank 12, potassium mother liquor pump 13, vapo(u)rization system 14, ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15, the cooling of ammonium salt solution pump 16, ammonium Crystallizing tower 17, ammonium feed pump 18, ammonium thickener 19, ammonium centrifuge 20, ammonium packing machine 21, condensate draining 22, condensate pump 23, height Position condensate draining 24, ammonium mother liquor tank 25, ammonium mother liquor pump 26.Production process is as follows.

（1）Will be during circulation ammonium mother liquor, water, potassium chloride adds potassium chloride dissolving tank 1 by a certain percentage, to potassium chloride dissolving tank Steam heating is passed through in 1, under agitation, potassium chloride is fully dissolved, be made into 60-112 DEG C of temperature, concentration 38-41 Baumes The potassium solution of degree, is squeezed into after filter 3 filters potassium solution in potassium chloride dissolving tank 1 with potassium solution pump 2, then flow into potassium cooling knot In brilliant tower 4.

（2）Potassium solution cools to 10-30 DEG C in potassium cooling crystallization tower 4, separates out a large amount of Temperatures

Crystal, contains a small amount of ammonium chloride in Temperature crystal, with thick potassium feed pump 5 by thick potassium material in thick potassium cooling crystallization tower 4 Liquid is squeezed into the potassium thickener 6 of certain altitude.

（3）A certain amount of additive is added to be mixed with thick potassium feed liquid in potassium thickener 6, thick potassium feed liquid is in potassium thickener 6 After interior thickening, in a part of potassium mother liquor overflow to the potassium mother liquor tank 12 of separation, the thick potassium feed liquid feeding potassium centrifuge 7 of stiff is carried out Centrifugal dewatering, in separation process, is passed through clear water and washs Temperature crystal to wash away ammonium chloride to potassium centrifuge 7, centrifugation The potassium mother liquor and washings of separation are flowed into potassium mother liquor tank 12 together.

（4）During the potassium nitrate separated from potassium centrifuge 7 is through the feeding dryer system 9 of belt conveyor 8, potassium nitrate is passed through Finished product agricultural potassium nitrate is after drying, finished product agricultural potassium nitrate is fallen into elevator 10, and elevator 10 carries agriculture potassium nitrate Potassium packing machine 11 is risen to, is put in storage after metering packing.

（5）Potassium mother liquor in potassium mother liquor tank 12 is squeezed into vapo(u)rization system 14 with potassium mother liquor pump 13,40-45 Baume degrees is evaporated to, 85-90 DEG C of temperature, concentrate is squeezed into ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15 after evaporation.

（6）In the concentrate of ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15, ammonium nitrate solid or ammonium nitrate solution are added by a certain percentage, and Under agitation dissolve ammonium nitrate, form ammonium salt solution, squeezed into ammonium salt solution in ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15 with ammonium salt solution pump 16 In ammonium cooling crystallization tower 17,50-75 DEG C is cooled to, crystallization separates out a large amount of ammonia chloride crystals, ammonium is cooled down with ammonium feed pump 18 and tied Ammonium feed liquid is squeezed into ammonium thickener 19 in brilliant tower 17.

（7）After ammonium feed liquid is thickened in ammonium thickener 19, in a part of ammonium mother liquor inflow ammonium mother liquor tank 25 of separation, stiff Ammonium feed liquid send the centrifugal dewatering of ammonium centrifuge 20, to being passed through 60-90 DEG C of hot water in ammonium centrifuge 20 in separation process, wash Ammonia chloride crystal, to wash away the potassium nitrate feed liquid adhered on ammonia chloride crystal；The ammonia chloride crystal separated falls into ammonium packaging In machine 21, be put in storage after metering packing；The ammonium mother liquor of centrifugation is flowed into ammonium mother liquor tank 25, the ammonium mother liquor in ammonium mother liquor tank 25 Dispensing in potassium chloride dissolving tank 1 is squeezed into ammonium mother liquor pump 26；Press said sequence circulate operation later.

Steam heat exchange is passed directly into potassium chloride dissolving tank 1, steam is passed through and is directly mixed with potassium chloride, water, ammonium mother liquor And heat exchange；The operation of potassium chloride dissolving tank 1 sets the flow value of ammonium mother liquor stream gauge using continuous operation is automatically controlled, and sets water The flow value of flowmeter, sets the flow value of steam-flow meter, is automatically controlled by regulating valve, control ammonium mother liquid flow rate, current Amount, steam flow, during ammonium mother liquor, water, steam continuously added into potassium chloride dissolving tank 1, while controlling by a certain percentage Potassium chloride addition, continuously adds potassium chloride, the flow value of potassium solution flowmeter is set, by the frequency conversion of potassium solution pump 2 The flow value of potassium solution flowmeter is controlled, successively potassium solution is squeezed into filter 3.

Filter 3 uses closed pressure filtration, and filtering accuracy is 10 microns, filters selection of filter cloth polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter cloth.

Potassium cooling crystallization tower 4 is identical with the structure of ammonium cooling crystallization tower 17, and operation principle is identical with process.Ammonium crystallisation by cooling Tower 17 is made up of tower body 17-1, air blower 17-2, liquid distributor 17-3, circulating pump 17-4, and it is taken out ammonium salt solution with circulating pump 17-4 Deliver to from top of tower liquid distributor 17-3 spray and under, droplet-like or moisture film shape are formed, while air blower 17-2 is empty by tower bottom Tympanites enters adverse current in tower body 17-1 and flows up, and ammonium salt solution and air mix in tower, ammonium salt solution crystallisation by cooling is separated out ammonium chloride, Solution after cooling is fallen into bottom of towe.

Potassium thickener 6 uses gravitational settling thickener, Temperature crystal to fall to the bottom of potassium thickener 6 under gravity Portion, potassium mother liquor enters in potassium mother liquor tank 12 from top overfall overflow；During operation, by per the thick of 1m3 volumes in potassium thickener 6 Potassium feed liquid adds 0.1-0.5 kilograms of additive, is mixed evenly, and additive composition is that neopelex is mixed with quaternary amine Thing, the additive of addition can improve potassium nitrate product anti-caking performance.

Ammonium nitrate dissolving tank 15 is provided with agitating device, and agitator uses multi-layer oar blade agitator, speed of agitator to be controlled to 150 revs/min.

Potassium centrifuge 7 uses two-stage material-pushing centrifuge with ammonium centrifuge 20, and two-stage material-pushing centrifuge is a kind of horizontal double Level piston material pushing and the centrifuge of continuous operation filtering, can be carried out continuously charging, separate, wash, unloading under the conditions of full-speed operation Material operation.

Raw steam condensate (SC) and indirect steam condensed water centralized recovery produced by apparatus system is in high-order condensate draining 24 In, a condensed water part heats air for potassium chloride dissolving in potassium chloride dissolving tank 1, a part for air heat exchanger 9-2, A part is used for the washings of ammonium centrifuge 20.

Device uses DCS control systems, and all devices all realize continuous feed with discharging.

As shown in Fig. 2 the agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production of the present invention, drying system 9 is by air-heater 9-1, air heat exchanger 9-2, air-cooler 9-3, Vibratingfluidbeddrier 9-4, sack cleaner 9-5, air-introduced machine 9-6 compositions； The technical process of drying system 9 is：Air-heater 9-1 blasting natural air after be heated to 60-90 DEG C in air heat exchanger 9-2, enters Enter in Vibratingfluidbeddrier 9-4 in dry section, while air-cooler 9-3 blasts in Vibratingfluidbeddrier 9-4 air Cool drying area in, into Vibratingfluidbeddrier in 9-4 potassium nitrate first pass through heated-air drying area dry after, enter back into Cold front heavy rain area cools down, and is then discharged out, and Vibratingfluidbeddrier 9-4 inner exhaust gas are under air-introduced machine 9-6 effects through bag-type dust Discharged after device 9-5 dedustings, it is from the condensed water in high-order condensate draining 24 that medium is heated in air heat exchanger 9-2.

As shown in figure 3, the agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production of the present invention, vapo(u)rization system 14 is by an effect steaming Hair device 14-1,2nd effect evaporator 14-2, preheater 14-6, condenser 14-7, vavuum pump 14-8, concentrate pump 14-5, condensed water Groove 14-3, condensate pump 14-4, high-order condensate draining 14-9 compositions；Evaporation technology process is：Potassium mother liquor squeezes into preheater 14-6 In be preheated to uniform temperature, be introduced into 1st effective evaporator 14-1 evaporation and concentration, the solution depended on pressure difference of 1st effective evaporator 14-1 enters Enter 2nd effect evaporator 14-2, continue to be concentrated by evaporation to normal concentration, then ammonium nitrate dissolving tank is squeezed into concentrate pump 14-5（15） In；Raw steam from boiler room enters 1st effective evaporator 14-1 heating evaporation solution, and 1st effective evaporator 14-1 evaporations are produced Indirect steam enters 2nd effect evaporator 14-2 heating evaporations, and the indirect steam that 2nd effect evaporator 14-2 is produced is introduced into preheater 14-6 preheats potassium solution, and preheater 14-6 exhaust steam becomes condensed water into condenser 14-7 after cooling water condensation, not condensing by Vavuum pump 14-8 pumps outer row；What 1st effective evaporator 14-1,2nd effect evaporator 14-2, preheater 14-6 and condenser 14-7 were produced Condensed water flows into condensate draining 14-3, and the condensed water condensate pump 14-4 in condensate draining 14-3 squeezes into high-order condensate draining Recycled in 14-9.

As shown in figure 4, the agriculture potassium nitrate process unit of double decomposition circulation process production of the present invention, ammonium thickener 19 is by conic tube 19-1, cylinder 19-2, hanging support 19-3, manhole 19-4, guide shell 19-5, discharging tube 19-6, conical filter cylinder 19-7, lid Plate 19-8, feed pipe 19-9, U-steel frame 19-10, agitating device 19-11, discharge nozzle 19-12 composition；Ammonium thickener 19 is first used First time separation of solid and liquid is carried out by gravitational settling, second separation of solid and liquid is then carried out by filtering again.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of double decomposition circulation process produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and its technical characteristic is：

The agriculture potassium nitrate process unit process equipment of double decomposition circulation process production is by potassium chloride dissolving tank（1）, potassium solution pump（2）、 Filter（3）, potassium cooling crystallization tower（4）, thick potassium feed pump（5）, potassium thickener（6）, potassium centrifuge（7）, belt conveyor （8）, dryer system（9）, elevator（10）, potassium packing machine（11）, potassium mother liquor tank（12）, potassium mother liquor pump（13）, vapo(u)rization system （14）, ammonium nitrate dissolving tank（15）, ammonium salt solution pump（16）, ammonium cooling crystallization tower（17）, ammonium feed pump（18）, ammonium thickener （19）, ammonium centrifuge（20）, ammonium packing machine（21）, condensate draining（22）, condensate pump（23）, high-order condensate draining（24）, ammonium Mother liquor tank（25）, ammonium mother liquor pump（26）Composition, production process is as follows：

（1）Circulation ammonium mother liquor, water, potassium chloride are added into potassium chloride dissolving tank by a certain percentage（1）In, to potassium chloride dissolving tank （1）In be passed through steam heating, under agitation, potassium chloride is fully dissolved, be made into 60-112 DEG C of temperature, concentration 38-41 ripples The potassium solution of U.S. degree, uses potassium solution pump（2）By potassium chloride dissolving tank（1）Middle potassium solution squeezes into filter（3）After filtering, then flow into Potassium cooling crystallization tower（4）In；

（2）Potassium solution is in potassium cooling crystallization tower（4）In cool to 10-30 DEG C, separate out a large amount of Temperature crystal, thick nitric acid Contain a small amount of ammonium chloride in potassium crystal, with thick potassium feed pump（5）By thick potassium cooling crystallization tower（4）In thick potassium feed liquid squeeze into and be arranged on The potassium thickener of certain altitude（6）In；

（3）In potassium thickener（6）Middle to add a certain amount of additive to be mixed with thick potassium feed liquid, thick potassium feed liquid is in potassium thickener（6） After interior thickening, a part of potassium mother liquor overflow of separation to potassium mother liquor tank（12）In, the thick potassium feed liquid feeding potassium centrifuge of stiff（7） Dehydration is centrifuged, in separation process, to potassium centrifuge（7）It is passed through clear water and washs Temperature crystal to wash away chlorination Ammonium, the potassium mother liquor and washings of centrifugation flow into potassium mother liquor tank together（12）In；

（4）From potassium centrifuge（7）The potassium nitrate separated is through belt conveyor（8）Feeding dryer system（9）In, potassium nitrate Finished product agricultural potassium nitrate is after drying, and finished product agricultural potassium nitrate falls into elevator（10）In, elevator（10）By agriculture nitre Sour potassium is promoted to potassium packing machine（11）, be put in storage after metering packing；

（5）With potassium mother liquor pump（13）By potassium mother liquor tank（12）Middle potassium mother liquor squeezes into vapo(u)rization system（14）, it is evaporated to 40-45 Baumes Degree, 85-90 DEG C of temperature, concentrate squeezes into ammonium nitrate dissolving tank after evaporation（15）In；

（6）In ammonium nitrate dissolving tank（15）Concentrate in, by a certain percentage add ammonium nitrate solid or ammonium nitrate solution, and Ammonium nitrate is dissolved under stirring condition, ammonium salt solution is formed, ammonium salt solution pump is used（16）By ammonium nitrate dissolving tank（15）Middle ammonium salt solution is beaten Enter ammonium cooling crystallization tower（17）In, 50-75 DEG C is cooled to, crystallization separates out a large amount of ammonia chloride crystals, uses ammonium feed pump（18）By ammonium Cooling crystallization tower（17）Middle ammonium feed liquid squeezes into ammonium thickener（19）In；

（7）Ammonium feed liquid is in ammonium thickener（19）After middle thickening, a part of ammonium mother liquor of separation flows into ammonium mother liquor tank（25）In, stiff Ammonium feed liquid send ammonium centrifuge (20) centrifugal dewatering, to ammonium centrifuge in separation process（20）60-90 DEG C of hot water is inside passed through, Washing ammonia chloride crystal, to wash away the potassium nitrate feed liquid adhered on ammonia chloride crystal；The ammonia chloride crystal separated falls into ammonium Packing machine（21）In, be put in storage after metering packing；The ammonium mother liquor of centrifugation flows into ammonium mother liquor tank（25）In, ammonium mother liquor tank（25） In ammonium mother liquor ammonium mother liquor pump（26）Squeeze into potassium chloride dissolving tank（1）Middle dispensing, later by said sequence circulate operation.

2. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Chlorine Change potassium dissolving tank（1）In be passed directly into steam heat exchange, be passed through steam and potassium chloride, water, ammonium mother liquor and directly mix heat exchange, chlorine Change potassium dissolving tank（1）Operation sets the flow value of ammonium mother liquor stream gauge using continuous operation is automatically controlled, setting water ga(u)ge Flow value, sets the flow value of steam-flow meter, is automatically controlled by regulating valve, control ammonium mother liquid flow rate, water-carrying capacity, steam stream Amount, during ammonium mother liquor, water, steam continuously added into potassium chloride dissolving tank (1), while control potassium chloride adds by a certain percentage Enter amount, continuously add potassium chloride, the flow value of potassium solution flowmeter is set, by potassium solution pump (2) VFC potassium The flow value of liquid inventory meter, successively squeezes into filter (3) potassium solution in potassium chloride dissolving tank (1).

3. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Cross Filter (3) uses closed pressure filtration, and filtering accuracy is 10 microns, filters selection of filter cloth polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter cloth.

4. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Ammonium Cooling crystallization tower (17) is made up of tower body (17-1), air blower (17-2), liquid distributor (17-3), circulating pump (17-4), and it is with following Under ring pump (17-4) pumps to the spray from top of tower liquid distributor (17-3) ammonium salt solution, droplet-like or moisture film shape are formed, together When air blower (17-2) tower bottom air blasted into adverse current in tower body (17-1) flow up, ammonium salt solution and air mix in tower, Ammonium salt solution crystallisation by cooling is set to separate out ammonium chloride, the solution after cooling is fallen into bottom of towe.

5. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Potassium Thickener (6) uses gravitational settling thickener, Temperature crystal to fall to potassium thickener (6) bottom, potassium under gravity Mother liquor enters in potassium mother liquor tank (12) from top overfall overflow；During operation, by per the thick of 1m3 volumes in potassium thickener (6) Potassium feed liquid adds 0.1-0.5 kilograms of additive, is mixed evenly, and additive composition is that neopelex is mixed with quaternary amine Thing, the additive of addition can improve potassium nitrate product anti-caking performance.

6. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Potassium Centrifuge (7) uses two-stage material-pushing centrifuge with ammonium centrifuge (20), and two-stage material-pushing centrifuge is a kind of Horizontal two-stage piston Pusher and the centrifuge of continuous operation filtering, can be carried out continuously charging, separation, washing, discharging behaviour under the conditions of full-speed operation Make.

7. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：It is dry Drying system (9) is by air-heater (9-1), air heat exchanger (9-2), air-cooler (9-3), Vibratingfluidbeddrier (9-4), cloth bag Deduster (9-5), air-introduced machine (9-6) composition；Drying system (9) technical process is：Natural air is blasted sky by air-heater (9-1) After being heated to 60-90 DEG C in gas heat exchanger (9-2), into Vibratingfluidbeddrier (9-4) interior dry section, while air-cooler (9-3) blasts air in the cool drying area in Vibratingfluidbeddrier (9-4), into Vibratingfluidbeddrier After the potassium nitrate of (9-4) first passes through the drying of heated-air drying area, the cooling of cold front heavy rain area is entered back into, be then discharged out, vibrated fluidized bed Drying machine (9-4) inner exhaust gas are discharged under air-introduced machine (9-6) effect after sack cleaner (9-5) dedusting, air heat exchanger (9- 2) heating medium is from the condensed water in high-order condensate draining (24) in.

8. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Steam Hair system (14) is by 1st effective evaporator (14-1), 2nd effect evaporator (14-2), preheater (14-6), condenser (14-7), vacuum Pump (14-8), concentrate pump (14-5), condensate draining (14-3), condensate pump (14-4), high-order condensate draining（14-9）Composition； Evaporation technology process is：Potassium mother liquor squeezes into preheater（14-6）In be preheated to uniform temperature, be introduced into 1st effective evaporator（14-1） It is concentrated by evaporation, 1st effective evaporator（14-1）Solution depended on pressure difference enter 2nd effect evaporator（14-2）, continue to be concentrated by evaporation to rule Determine concentration, then use concentrate pump（14-5）Squeeze into ammonium nitrate dissolving tank（15）In；Raw steam from boiler room enters an effect and steams Hair device（14-1）Heating evaporation solution, 1st effective evaporator（14-1）Evaporate the indirect steam for producing and enter 2nd effect evaporator（14-2） Heating evaporation, 2nd effect evaporator（14-2）The indirect steam of generation is introduced into preheater（14-6）Preheating potassium solution, preheater （14-6）Exhaust steam enters condenser（14-7）Become condensed water after cooling water condensation, condensing is not by vavuum pump（14-8）Pump outer Row；1st effective evaporator（14-1）, 2nd effect evaporator（14-2）, preheater（14-6）And condenser（14-7）The condensed water of generation is equal Flow into condensate draining（14-3）, condensate draining（14-3）In condensed water condensate pump（14-4）Squeeze into high-order condensate draining （14-9）Middle recycling.

9. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that：Ammonium Thickener（19）By conic tube（19-1）, cylinder（19-2）, hanging support（19-3）, manhole（19-4）, guide shell（19-5）、 Discharging tube（19-6）, conical filter cylinder（19-7）, cover plate（19-8）, feed pipe（19-9）, U-steel frame（19-10）, agitating device （19-11）, discharge nozzle（19-12）Composition；Ammonium thickener（19）First passing through gravitational settling carries out first time separation of solid and liquid, Ran Houzai Second separation of solid and liquid is carried out by filtering.

10. double decomposition circulation process according to claim 1 produces agriculture potassium nitrate process unit, and it is technically characterized in that： Raw steam condensate (SC) and indirect steam condensed water centralized recovery produced by apparatus system is in high-order condensate draining（24）In, condensation A water part is used for air heat exchanger for potassium chloride dissolving in potassium chloride dissolving tank (1), a part（9-2）Heating air, one Part is used for ammonium centrifuge（20）Washings.