Power is from 360 degree of powerturn systems of belt wheel and disc type
Technical field
Present invention relates to a kind of 360 degree of power steering systems, the wheeled load carrier that can be travelled on land not against track is can be applicable to.
Background technology
Automobile steering system is divided into two major classes:Mechanical steering system and power steering system.
Mechanical steering system using driver muscle power as steerable energy, wherein all force transmission elements are all mechanical.Mechanical steering system is made up of steering control mechanism, steering gear and steering gear three parts.
Power steering system is dual-purpose driver muscle power and engine power is the steering of steerable energy.Under normal circumstances, energy needed for motor turning, only sub-fraction are provided by driver, and major part is provided by power steering gear by engine.But when power steering gear fails, motor turning task typically should be also independently undertaken by driver.Therefore, power steering system adds a set of power steering gear and is formed on the basis of mechanical steering system.
With developing rapidly for auto industry, also great changes have taken place for the structure of transfer.The structure of automobile steering device is a lot, and from the point of view of the prevalence for using, main steering gear type has 4 kinds:Worm screw Shore (WP types), worm screw roller type (WR types), circulating ball type (BS types), rack-gear type (RP types).These four steering gear patterns, have been widely used on automobile.
Worldwide, Recirculating Ball Steering Gear for Motor Vehicles accounts for 45% or so, and rack-and-pinion steering device accounts for 40% or so, and worm and roller steering gear accounts for 10% or so, and the steering gear of other patterns accounts for 5%.Recirculating ball-type steering is always in stable development.In the minibus of West Europe, rack-and-pinion steering device has very big development.The characteristics of Japanese car steering gear is that the proportion that recirculating ball-type steering is accounted for is increasing, the all types of automobiles of Japan's equipment different type engine, using different type steering gear, the recirculating ball-type steering used in bus, by the 62.5% of the sixties, 100% (worm and roller steering gear has been eliminated on a bus) now is developed into.Large and small type lorry mostly uses recirculating ball-type steering, but rack-and-pinion steering device also to develop.Minitruck recirculating ball-type steering accounts for 65%, and rack-gear type accounts for 35%.
Recirculating ball-type steering:Mainly it is made up of parts such as screw rod, nut, steering gear housing and many small balls, what so-called circulating ball referred to is exactly these small balls, they are placed in the pipeline liquid injecting device between nut and screw rod, play a part of for the sliding friction between nut-screw to be changed into the less rolling friction of resistance, after the screw rod being secured together with wheel steering tubing string is rotated, screw rod promotes nut to move up and down, and nut is driving pitman arm back and forth to shake so as to realize turning to by gear.In the middle of this process, those small balls just in the rolling that closed pipeline interior circulation is reciprocal, so this steering gear is thus referred to as recirculating ball-type steering.
Rack and pinion steering gear:It is a kind of most common steering gear.Its basic structure is a pair intermeshing little gears and tooth bar.When steering spindle drives little gear to rotate, tooth bar just moves along a straight line.Sometimes, drag link is directly driven by tooth bar, so that it may turn to deflecting roller.So, this is a kind of simplest steering gear.
WithUpper steering is all limited to tire needs fixed mode on axletree.Because pitman arm necessarily has dead point with the structure of steering drag link and knuckle arm, therefore general front-wheel cannot be excessive to medial lateral rotational angle, at most 60 Degree.So the u-turn of vehicle is turned to can only carry out at an angle, it is impossible to accomplish that parallel parking, no-radius are turned around or moved in parallel to arbitrarily angled.And when turning to, under the limitation of interior outside tire steering angle identical, turn to inside tire and be subject to bigger pressure, therefore the abrasion of inside tire is greater than outside tire, due to security reason, when changing tire must in outside tire change together, this just wastes the slight outside tire of abrasion, and the tire for wearing and tearing turns into powder contaminated air, 1 year tire of consumption of China has millions of tons, if outside tire average abrasion in causing, the life-span of tire can be extended, individual can be greatly decreased unnecessary tire consumption, country can be greatly decreased the unnecessary wasting of resources, realize Green GDP.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of steering entirely different with existing conventional truck, each tire of vehicle is not only restricted to the limitation of axletree, be not only able to individually be carried out to each direction 360 degree of big angle rotary, can also cooperate with each other.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:This 360 degree of power steering systems, can be applicable on the wheeled load carrier that can be travelled on land not against track, including the wheel for possessing separate power source, rotating circular disk, it is the independent steering power source A and latch of rotating circular disk energy supply, and brakes, control wheel steering pattern, the control box of steering angle.The system possesses one to several wheels, and each wheel can independently turn arbitrarily angled.Also other wheels can be coordinated to turn special angle.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, more specifically technical scheme can also be:It is equipped with delivery vehicle of the invention operationally, with the small rotation motor of driven by power during wheel steering, small rotation motor is with pinion rotation rotating circular disk, because wheel frame motor outer layer is integrally fixed on rotating circular disk, so while rotating circular disk rotates, wheel frame and tire also horizontally rotate identical direction and angle with rotating circular disk, therefore can complete the purpose for turning to.And inside and outside wheel rotational angle can obtain at various speeds by control box control, the best fit of the interior cover cooperation steering angle of all rotational angles.
Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention to have the advantages that compared with prior art:
According to the delivery vehicle of present invention equipment, can complete parallel parking, original place zero radius of gyration u-turn of 180 degree action, it is static it is lower to 360 degree any direction movements, oblique movement, high speed steerings when can be cooperated steering angle optimization using the various wheel steering patterns under drift mode, various friction speeds, interior outboard wheel, can largely reduce the abrasion of tire.
The technical characteristic of the invention
Wheel described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:It is fixed on wheel frame, and taking turns on frame has single power resources, for rotating wheel frame and tire.
Single power resources B described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:Using battery for energy is supplied, energy is received using single circuit.
Rotating circular disk described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:The system is rotated the angle of control tire steering by a rotating circular disk between 0 degree of -360 degree.
Rotating circular disk described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:The chassis of delivery vehicle is connected to, the stress of delivery vehicle is transferred to ground through the system, left space and be available for tire and brakes to rotate, and controlled by independent steering power source A and latch, and there is movable part to assist to rotate.Can make the rotational angle of each tire in front, back, inside, outside all can be inconsistent, can make at various speeds, it is each to cross the different best fit of bending angle inner side, outside tire steering angle.
Gear described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:It is connected with rotating circular disk, is rotated by independent steering power source A and drive rotating circular disk to rotate.
Described in the content of the invention is rotating circular disk energy supply, independent steering power source A and latch, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:Using the energy supply system of non-traditional engine mode, energy is received using single energy pathway, can individually control rotation direction (individually can clockwise turn or turn counterclockwise) and individually control rotating speed.
Brakes described in the content of the invention, is different from conventional art and is characterised by:Brake disc is connected with tire axis, with tire synchronous axial system, has brake apparatus to brake brake disc.
Control wheel steering pattern described in the content of the invention, the control box of steering angle, are different from conventional art and are characterised by:Pattern can be preset or different patterns are manually adjusted under steam, control box can control the angle of wheel, make the excessively curved angle of interior outboard wheel different, and there is the bending angle of crossing of different interior foreign steamer collocation at different speeds, one group of the rear rotation direction of wheel may also differ from the one group of rotation direction of wheel in front with angle with angle.Steering angle and steering pattern by Driving control, but interior outboard wheel in a certain angle or arbitrarily angled steering, the collocation of the sub- steering angle of interior outboard wheel then automatically controls by control box.
Invention brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the plan of steering of the present invention and tire.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the profile of steering.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the top view of steering and tire.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the perspective view of steering.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the external view of steering and tire.
Accompanying drawing 6 is 360 degree of top views of rotation u-turn for being mounted with the steering vehicle.Turn 30 degree of -60 degree in four wheels, coordination with one another rotates by the center of circle of mass cg, therefore directly 180 degree can turn around, and the radius of gyration is zero.
Accompanying drawing 7 is the steering figure being mounted with the steering high vehicle speeds, and from inactive state to 45 degree of top views of diagonal.4 wheels can be turned to simultaneously during 1 high speed steering, increase earth-grasping force, it is to avoid whipping.2 car bodies can from from static to any direction diagonal without change car body angle, such as Ben Tu can be to upper right side diagonal.
Accompanying drawing 8 is the steering figure being mounted with the steering low vehicle speeds.When low speed is turned to front and back wheel can counterturn, be greatly reduced radius of turn, increase vehicle performance flexibility.
Fig. 9 is 90 degree of top views of parallel parking for being mounted with the steering vehicle.Wheel turn 90 degrees clockwise can directly parallel parking, turn 90 degrees directly parallel can sail out of parking stall counterclockwise.
Coding rule:
One coding stands, one part or position, one and same coding can occur in various figures.
It, in order to illustrate the linkage between part, is to illustrate the Practical Performance of the invention in figs. 6-9 that the part of coding is.So the part of the inside is not re-encoded.
Part coding explanation:
1 small rotation motor (independent steering power source A):Rotation iron pan is rotated with latch
2 latches
3 bearing balls
4 rotating circular disks
5 brake discs
6 spaces for supplying disc rotation
7 rotating shafts
8 fixtures
9 wheels frame motor internal layer (single power resources B)
10 tires
11 wheel frames
12 spaces for supplying tyre rotation
13 operating spaces for changing tire
14 shells:Protection tire and rotation iron pan, and via shell transmission vehicle body weight on tire.
15 brake calipers
16 wheel frame motor outer layers
17 A arms:The weight of chassis is transmitted on shell.
18 control box:Control wheel steering pattern, steering angle.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments being further illustrated.
Embodiment 1:
As described in Figure 1, with the small rotation motor of driven by power (1) during wheel steering, small rotation motor (1) rotates rotating circular disk (4) with latch, because wheel frame motor outer layer (16) is integrally fixed on rotating circular disk (4), so while rotating circular disk (4) rotates, wheel frame (11) and tire (10) also horizontally rotate identical direction and angle with rotating circular disk (4), therefore can complete the purpose for turning to.In addition, wheel frame motor is divided into inside and outside two-layer, wheel frame motor outer layer (16) be fixed on rotating circular disk (4), can be with rotating circular disk (4) left and right turn, and driven wheel frame (11) and tire (10) are turned to, wheel frame (11) is locked on wheel frame motor internal layer (9), internal layer is central rotation layer, vertical rotary driven wheel frame (11) and tire (10) advance and retreat, turned clockwise advance, and rotate counterclockwise is retreated.
The function of two-layer can also be exchanged mutually inside and outside wheel frame motor, can be using outer layer (16) as rotating layer, wheel frame (11) is locked on outer layer (16), internal layer (9) is fixed on rotating circular disk (4), with rotating circular disk (4) left and right turn.
Wheel frame motor outer layer (16) also flywheel connectable or directly makes flywheel structure, internal layer does not turn, outer layer turns, power is by being installed on the motor at other positions, the flywheel structure of outer layer (16), driven wheel frame (11) and tire (10) are driven by mechanical devices such as gear, chain, rocking arm, pull bars.
This steering is fixed on rotating circular disk (4), and rotating circular disk (4) is positioned at the position of the general wheel in vehicle chassis outside.Rotating circular disk (4) is a large gear, it is parallel to the ground, the iron pan circumference one encloses latch and is overlapped with the latch of small rotation motor (1), therefore when small rotation motor (1) rotates, disk (4) can be just rotated.
Embodiment 2:
It is corresponding with Fig. 1 plans as described in Fig. 2 profiles.A rotating shaft (7) is stretched out in wheel frame motor (9) center for being fixed on wheel frame (11) center to car body direction, it is connected in brake disc (5), in braking, by one, two or multiple brake caliper (15) clamps brake disc (5), braking is completed.
Described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, space is reserved on rotating circular disk (4), the space (12) for tyre rotation is left around tire (10), and the operating space (13) of tire is changed, while also leaving the space (6) for disc rotation around rotating shaft (7) and brake disc (5).
Embodiment 3:
As described in Figure 3, because being to rotate rotating circular disk with latch by the small rotation motor of A2 points in figure, wheel frame motor (9) is locked on rotating circular disk (4), therefore tire (10) can go to A1 points clockwise, counterclockwise from A3 points, it might even be possible to which 360 degree rotate back into A3 points.
Embodiment 4:
As described in the parallel parking figures of Fig. 9 and Fig. 3, because the limitation without axletree to wheel rotational angle, therefore rotating circular disk (4) turn 90 degrees clockwise, 90 degree vertical with car body of direction is gone to, can directly parallel parking.It turn 90 degrees and directly parallel can sails out of parking stall counterclockwise:Or rotating circular disk (4) clockwise turn 90 degrees can directly parallel parking, when wanting to leave parking stall, allow take turns frame motor (9) rotate counterclockwise, also directly parallel can sail out of parking stall.
Embodiment 5:
As described in Figure 6, in the case where four wheels turn 30 degree of -60 degree, coordination with one another, rotated by the center of circle of the mass cg of vehicle, therefore directly 180 degree can turned around, the radius of gyration is zero.Also 360 degree of any direction can be turned to.
During steering, under the limitation of interior outside tire steering angle identical, turn to inside tire and be subject to bigger pressure, therefore the abrasion of inside tire is greater than outside tire.The design steering angle and steering pattern are then automatically controlled by Driving control, but the collocation of the sub- steering angle of interior outboard wheel by control box.Assuming that every 0.1 degree of rotational angle is one interval, available (assuming that every 1 kilometer of speed per hour is one interval) at various speeds, the best fit of the interior cover cooperation steering angle of all rotational angles, (assuming that 30 kilometers of speed per hour, inside tire turns 15 degree, and outside tire turns 14.5 degree).This kind of design can be greatly reduced tire wear, reduce air pollution.Existing Automobile Design, it is that this function is realized by mechanical linkage, therefore the different inside and outside cooperation of inside and outside tire steering angle can only be reached in the small angle tower within 5 degree, due to being Mechanical course, therefore as above-mentioned fine degree such as the design cannot be accomplished, and more than 5 degree or during bigger corner, cannot just realize the different inside and outside cooperation of inside and outside tire steering angle;And existing Automobile Design, in this respect, using a period of time after, due to mechanical wear, even low-angle is turned to cannot also reach the different inside and outside cooperation of inside and outside tire steering angle.
Embodiment 6:
As described in Figure 7, four-wheel can simultaneously turn arbitrarily angled, therefore can sideling be moved to any direction from inactive state using the land mobile instrument of the design.During such as four wheels with turning 45 degree, so that it may sideling moved to 45 degree of directions.
As described in Figure 4, although currently without this demand, from design, four wheels can three-sixth turn, can be developed in possible practice in future need turn the applications of wide-angle such as 300 degree.
During steering, according to the difference that front and back wheel coordinates, and there are 3 kinds of basic models and 2 kinds of integrated modes, a variety of patterns are switched by control box, can be preset, also can manual switching under steam.
Conventional steering pattern:Front-drive, trailing wheel is motionless.
Low speed steering pattern:As shown in figure 8, front-wheel is turned right, trailing wheel is turned left, and turning radius becomes much smaller.
High speed steering pattern:As shown in fig. 7, front-wheel is turned right, with turning right, when high speed is drifted about, four-wheel grabs ground to center of gravity to trailing wheel simultaneously, increases security, and turn in hgher efficiency.
Conventional steering pattern+high speed steering pattern:(speed per hour can preset less than certain setting speed per hour to cross curved speed per hour, also can be manually adjusted by control box under steam, it is now assumed that be 40 kilometers of speed per hour), turned to using conventional steering pattern, excessively curved speed per hour more than setting speed per hour when, use high speed steering pattern.
Low speed steering pattern+high speed steering pattern:(speed per hour can preset less than certain setting speed per hour to cross curved speed per hour, also can be manually adjusted by control box under steam, it is now assumed that be 40 kilometers of speed per hour), turned to using low speed steering pattern, excessively curved speed per hour more than setting speed per hour when, use high speed steering pattern.