CN106824824A - A kind of separating plastic system with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit - Google Patents
A kind of separating plastic system with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003709 image segmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
- B07C5/366—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence separation system with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit：Including preposition image processing system, in put reflective spectrum module, rearmounted transmission-type spectroscopic module, intelligent pneumatic power sorting module；Preposition image processing system uses image Segmentation Technology, mark laterally and longitudinally regional characteristic value and color information, image processing data and spectral information, constantly carry out the gradual adaptive learning based on statistical machine learning pattern, its real-time will be continuously increased with matching degree, so as to can constantly correct association weighted decision coefficient, the matching degree of image information and spectral information is improved constantly；Reflective spectrum probe unit will carry out calculus of differences to transmission belt background spectrum, to eliminate its influence；Intelligent pneumatic power module, weighted decision is associated to plastic garbage image information, reflectance spectrum information, transmitted spectrum information by system control panel, produces intelligent sorting action；Feature of the present invention, preposition image procossing, near-infrared, reflectance spectrum, transmitted spectrum, interrelated decision, intelligent pneumatic power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind include preposition image processing module, in put reflective spectrum module, rearmounted transmission-type spectroscopic module,
Intelligent pneumatic power sorts the separating plastic system of module, refers specifically to a kind of modeling with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit
Material rubbish near-infrared intelligence separation system（As shown in Figure 1）.
Near-infrared plastic garbage spectral selection is the common technology of the kind equipment, but the current kind equipment is in system design side
There is following several aspects in face：
First：Transmission-type near-infrared spectrum analysis are carried out in the general flight course for only departing from conveyer belt in plastic garbage, its knowledge
Other speed influence conveying tape speed is so as to influence separation system overall efficiency；Secondly, it is impossible to perceive shape, the matter of plastic garbage
The information such as amount, barycenter, track, therefore can not be sorted according to these information realization intelligent pneumatic powers；3rd, single transmission-type is closely red
Outer plastic garbage spectral matching factor, due to being influenceed by its surface contaminants etc., there is certain wrong identification, and this will cause intelligent pneumatic power point
System is selected to produce misoperation.
In view of the foregoing, single transmission-type identification has the following disadvantages：
A) landscape images treatment is not carried out to plastic garbage, it is impossible to determine adjacent pneumatic list according to the lateral attitude of plastic garbage
The co-operating of unit.
B) longitudinal image procossing is not carried out to plastic garbage, causes to set up spectrum with each longitudinally opposed position subregion
Corresponding relation.
C) only rearmounted in-flight to sort RM using a kind of transmission-type near infrared spectrum, decision-making foundation is single, holds
Misoperation is also easy to produce, system decision-making robustness is poor.
D) system productivity is improved and restricted by hardware speed.
E) the anti-light spectrum interference performance of system is weaker.
F) system spectrum e measurement technology falls behind relatively.
G) system can not be according to the Mass Distribution of plastic garbage, and barycenter state produces intelligent pneumatic power action.
Therefore, a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit is designed intelligently to sort
System, it is significant.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of near with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit
Infrared plastics rubbish identifying system；System recognizes the multidimensional information of plastic garbage by preposition image processing techniques；Before being
Formula is put, therefore there can be sufficient process time, the information such as size, quality, barycenter, color, shape to plastic garbage is carried out
Collection, defines the track position information and Mass Distribution state of its shared longitudinal region, is subsequently have three intelligence in direction
The offer of Pneumatic separation drive device acts decision-making foundation；It is rearmounted transmission-type spectral matching factor by preposition reflecting light analysis of spectrum
Fused data is provided；
A kind of technical solution of the present invention, plastic garbage near-infrared with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit intelligently divides
Select system：Including preposition image processing system（As shown in Figure 2）, in put reflective spectrum module（As shown in Figure 3）, rearmounted transmission
Formula spectroscopic module（As shown in Figure 4）, intelligent pneumatic power sorting module（As shown in Figure 5）；Preposition image processing system, marks its transverse direction
Position cut-off rule（As shown in Figure 7）, mark longitudinally opposed regional characteristic value（As shown in Figure 8）, there is provided interrelated decision information；Image
Processing system gathers color information, is associated with follow-up spectral information and compared, and adaptive learning constantly improves image information
With the matching degree of spectral information；Image processing system will increase image segmentation level and region when running into label, trade mark and bar code,
Independent identification, increases the information gathering dimension of plastic garbage；Move forward graphics processing unit position, can make graphics processing unit with
Spectroscopic unit processing speed is matched；Graphics processing unit uses image Segmentation Technology, and its camera number can be with cross track number
It is different；To improve marginal definition, using multi-cam image composing technique；Image processing system will provide plastic garbage bottle and become
Fitting prior data bank after shape；In to put reflective near infrared spectral detection device unit number identical with track number（Such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show）；Reflective spectrum probe unit（As shown in Figure 3）Calculus of differences will be carried out to transmission belt background spectrum, to eliminate its influence；
Preposition graphics processing unit is put reflective spectrum cell position with and is relatively fixed, in the transmission metastable premise of tape speed
Under, reflective spectrum unit will be using preposition processing result image, the interference spectrum such as effective district minute mark label, background；Reflecting light
Spectrum unit will suppress the interference of conveyer belt background spectrum using spectrum differential technique；Rearmounted transmission-type spectroscopic unit number is led with rail
Number is identical, and under, detector is upper for light source（As shown in Figure 4）；Plastic garbage is being left during conveyer belt makees parabolic flight
Carry out spectral matching factor；In put and be designed with wiper formula automatic cleaning apparatus with rearmounted spectroscopic unit optical light source and detector；Phase
Adjacent pneumatic unit can carry out intelligent linkage；Plastic garbage to different shape and Mass Distribution state and positional information is taken not
Same intelligences combination action（As shown in Figure 5）.
Further, image segmentation is carried out to its shape, positions its cross track information.
Further, the position of preposition graphics processing unit can be designed according to the speed of conveyer belt, so that image procossing is fast
Degree has real-time.
Further, the position of reflective near infrared spectral analysis device can be designed according to the speed of conveyer belt.
Further, rail derivative is identical with spectroscopic unit and pneumatic unit number.
Further, image processing data, reflectance spectrum, transmitted spectrum are synchronously input into monitoring platform, carry out algorithm fusion, do
Go out and associate weighted decision, produce sorting action.
The information such as color, label, bar code, shape further, on plastic garbage carry out big data analysis, predict its group
Point, verify its spectrum.
Further, image processing data and spectral information, reflecting light spectrum information are constantly carried out with transmission-type spectral information
Gradual adaptive learning based on statistical machine learning pattern, its real-time will be continuously increased with matching degree, so that can be continuous
Amendment association weighted decision coefficient.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is the model that plastics are determined with the absworption peak of different plastics during transmission-type spectral measurement, according to the property of plastic garbage,
When there are other attachments on its surface, absworption peak can be subjected to displacement, and easily produce erroneous judgement.
Now by preposition graphics processing unit, in put reflecting light analysis of spectrum, rearmounted transmission-type spectrum analysis,
Association weighted decision is produced, decision making reliability is improved.
Graphics processing unit spectroscopic unit will start self-adaptive study model simultaneously, improve constantly three kinds of metering systems
With degree, constantly amendment weighted decision coefficient, multi information decision-making mode is progressively transitioned into by single decision-making mode, increases anti-interference energy
Power, improves sharpness of separation.
This system design scheme can be increased substantially sharpness of separation, it is possible to achieve plastic garbage need not be crushed, cleaned
High resolution sorting.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 system overall schematics.
The preposition image processing system schematic diagrames of Fig. 2.
The preposition reflective near infrared spectrum schematic diagrames of Fig. 3.
The rearmounted transmission-type near infrared spectrum schematic diagrames of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 intelligent pneumatic power cell schematics.
Fig. 6 tracks, spectroscopic unit, pneumatic unit corresponding relation schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 tracks recognize schematic diagram.
The longitudinally opposed regional characteristic value schematic diagrames of Fig. 8.
Fig. 9 intelligent pneumatic power unit control schematic diagrams.
Specific embodiment：
Concrete scheme of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of plastic garbage near-infrared with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit of the present invention intelligently divides
Select system, system includes preposition image processing system, in put reflective spectrum processing unit, rearmounted transmission-type spectral manipulation list
The technologies such as unit, intelligent pneumatic power processing unit, transmission system.
Preposition image processing techniques
Using real-time image segmentation technology, the shape envelope of plastic garbage is obtained, obtain its shared transverse rails and lead information（As schemed
Shown in 7）With longitudinally opposed regional characteristic value（As shown in Figure 8）, longitudinal region feature will be including width, color, spectrum, position etc.
Related information；Vector model is set up, to improve processing speed；Trade mark and bar code information are such as run into, then one is entered to relevant range
Step segmentation identification, if effectively identification pictorial trademark or bar code, then enter row information registration；For camera provides highlight illumination system
System, so that system can obtain the image of fine definition in different working environments；Using high speed video system；Build plastics
Basic deformed state after bottle extruding, for image segmentation provides prior data bank with fitting；Quickly to carry out image segmentation use
Hardware and software isomery system method；It is integrated with the FPGA of CPU or DSP core using a new generation, abundant plate level resource can be with
Meet the high speed pretreatment demand of image；Soft and hardware collaborative design is carried out on selected FPGA, image segmentation is utilized with treatment
FPGA parallel processings and computing capability；Storage image data are used for using ping-pong structure SDRAM, while having two memory blocks, one
Individual area gathers a two field picture, and another frame memory area carries out image segmentation treatment, overlapping to carry out, and doubly improves image segmentation with place
Reason speed；Prior model data import static storage area in advance, and model data uses Vector Data Model to improve speed, reduce
Prior data bank, reduces and compares number of times, realizes the real-time of image processing techniques；The image information obtained after treatment is sent to control
Platform processed.
Near infrared light spectral imaging technology
Its spectrum imaging system is built using LED light source and fixed light path array detector；Using light splitting afterwards mode, i.e. light source
Either reflecting system or transmissive system first pass around sample to the light for sending, then by grating beam splitting, grating need not be rotated, warp
The light crossed after dispersion focused on and be detected simultaneously on the focal plane of array detector；Without removable optical component, knot in beam splitting system
Structure is simple, low cost, long-time stability and good in anti-interference performance, and sweep speed is fast；Multiple-unit architecture sexual valence is than high.
Reflecting light spectral analysis technology
During machine startup, initialization operation is first carried out, background spectrum measurement is carried out to conveyer belt（As shown in Figure 3）, correct influences
The ambient parameters such as humidity, temperature, the pressure of light spectrum image-forming；Using difference spectrum analysis method, reduce or eliminate attached on plastics
The influence to reflectance spectrum such as thing；Computing is associated according to opposed area characteristic value, the areas such as trade mark and bar code, bottle cap are distinguished
Domain spectral signature.
Transmission-type spectral analysis technique
Transmission-type light spectrum image-forming leaves in plastic bottle and completed when conveyer belt makees flight, and this flight course time is short（As shown in Figure 4）,
Therefore fast imaging and control platform must be submitted to complete information fusion, the pneumatic action decision signal of formation, fast spectrum figure
The software and hardware technology of Image retro-reconstruction is similar with rapid image Imaging processing techniques.Using difference spectrum analysis method, reduce or
The influence to transmitted spectrum such as attachment on elimination plastics.
Association weighted decision technology
The Simple Weight Adding of known weight and unknown weighted associations Y-factor method Y are merged, the optimization mould that deviation is minimized is constituted
Type；The decision value obtained with linear weighted function, on the basis of using each scheme to the ideal scheme degree of association, sets up complex optimum and determines
Plan model；So that the result of decision is for all indexs, decision value of each scheme decision value away from weigthed sums approach is minimum, while making
The degree of association with ideal scheme deviation it is also minimum.
Intelligent pneumatic power monotechnics
Using with integrated microprocessor, the valve island technology of built-in programmable probe（As shown in Figure 9）；It is total with valve island and scene
Line technology is combined structure intelligent pneumatic power unit；Valve island is unified, into source of the gas, gas puff Z-pinch to be carried out respectively, and normality is closed mode；
This programme has three valve islands of pneumatic operated valve, Zi Fa islands number and rail derivative and photovoltaic element number phase using each subelement
Together；Control platform shown in Field Bus Control Technology, the output plug with standard can be docked directly, for valve with valve island
The direct control on island；The fieldbus of standard is connected with control platform, in order that main frame can distinguish each preprocessor, often
Each pneumatic operated valve design address in Ge Fa islands, the control to each valve is realized by one point for multiple address mode.
Image procossing associates learning art with spectrum
Speed and camera system, reflectance spectrum unit, the position of transmitted spectrum unit according to conveyer belt, by fixed time sequence
Association, constructs in chronological sequence tactic data set, builds characteristics of image and reflectance spectrum figure feature and transmitted light spectrogram
Correlation rule between feature, the combination that treatment different attribute is constituted calculates related support and confidence level, and by minimum
Support and min confidence are filtered, and finally obtain the correlation rule with fixed time sequence property；With the increasing of data set
Plus, constantly adjustment weighting supporting rate, weights confidence level, forms the self adaptation association study skill based on statistical machine learning pattern
Art, stabilization and amendment fixed time sequence correlation rule, for association weighted decision technology provides data supporting.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence separation system
It is characterised in that it includes preposition image processing module, in put reflective spectrum module, rearmounted transmission-type spectroscopic module, intelligence
Can Pneumatic separation module；Wherein,
The preposition image processing module, for being located in real time to plastic garbage image in the front end of plastic garbage conveyer belt
Reason；
Reflective spectrum module is put in described, for gathering reflective near infrared in plastic garbage conveyer belt upper surface appropriate location
Spectral information；
The rearmounted transmission-type spectroscopic module, for when plastic garbage flies away from transmission belt surface, by near-infrared light source through modeling
Material rubbish acquisition of transmission formula spectrum；
The intelligent pneumatic power sorts module, valve island is adopted using field bus technique by system control panel and makees one point for multiple address timesharing
Based Intelligent Control.
2. a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit according to claim 1
Energy separation system, it is characterized in that, described image processing module includes：Profile is split, and produces plastic garbage appearance profile image letter
Breath；Horizontal partition, produces rail to lead information；It is longitudinally split, produce opposed area characteristic width information；Color recognition, produces relative
Regional color information.
3. a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit according to claim 1
Energy separation system, it is characterized in that, the reflective spectrum module, with longitudinal direction described in conveyer belt background spectrum difference de-noising and 2
Area marking feature.
4. a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit according to claim 1
Can separation system, the transmission-type spectroscopic module, with attachment spectrum difference de-noising and longitudinal region mark feature described in 2.
5. a kind of plastic garbage near-infrared intelligence with preposition image procossing and reflective spectrum unit according to claim 1
Can separation system, the intelligent pneumatic power module, by system control panel to plastic garbage image information, reflectance spectrum information, thoroughly
Penetrate spectral information and be associated weighted decision, produce intelligent sorting action.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108971190A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-11 | 大连大学 | A kind of separating domestic garbage method based on machine vision |
| CN110479645A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-22 | 马鞍山致青工业设计有限公司 | A kind of disinfection type house refuse automatic sorting processing unit of included rolling effect |
| CN110844508A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-28 | 中科微至智能制造科技江苏有限公司 | Parcel transportation control method and system |
| CN110918499A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-03-27 | 扬州国润新能源科技有限公司 | Plastic part sorting device with extrusion preventing function |
| CN111879725A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-03 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Spectral data correction method based on weight coefficient |
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| WO2022038052A1 (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method and system for separating waste polyurethane foams |
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