CN106816247B - High stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, preparation method and regulation method - Google Patents
High stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, preparation method and regulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106816247B CN106816247B CN201510867830.9A CN201510867830A CN106816247B CN 106816247 B CN106816247 B CN 106816247B CN 201510867830 A CN201510867830 A CN 201510867830A CN 106816247 B CN106816247 B CN 106816247B
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910002546 FeCo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910001151 AlNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004616 Pyrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000993059 Homo sapiens Hereditary hemochromatosis protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
- H01F1/0072—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity one dimensional, i.e. linear or dendritic nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, preparation method and regulation methods.The permanent magnet is mainly made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb, the permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, the nanometer double structure by crystalloid be cubic structure rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition, and Nb element in rich AlNi matrix phase segregation distribution.Further, the richness FeCo precipitated phase has slender rod shaped structure, and period Dispersed precipitate is in the rich AlNi matrix phase, and the axial direction of the richness FeCo precipitated phase is parallel with the axial direction of the column crystal.The present invention passes through strict control directional solidification and heat treatment process in the preparation of the permanent magnet, it adjusts Co and Nb constituent content and adjusts the magnetic characteristic of magnet phase structure, pattern and precipitated phase, to regulate and control magnet remanence temperature stability, it obtains remanent magnetism and increases linear reduction with temperature, and temperature coefficient is better than the high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet of a ten thousandth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of permanent-magnet alloy and its preparation process, in particular to a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet,
Preparation method and regulation method.
Background technique
Permanent-magnet material is typically used as magnetic field sources, applied to the magnetic element in space flight and aviation precision instrument and communication, it is desirable that
Under various circumstances and when change of external conditions, the magnetic field that magnet provides will keep stable, with guarantee instrument precision and
Functional reliability.The extraneous factor for causing magnetic property to change has temperature, time, electromagnetic field, vibration and impact, ray and chemistry to make
With etc., it is also most basic stability requirement that wherein temperature stability, which is permanent-magnet material most critical,.In the permanent-magnet material having found
In, Co base permanent magnetism is the best permanent-magnet material of temperature stability, such as Alnico, SmCo5、Sm2Co17Magnet, wherein Alnico is forever
Magnetic alloy ratio SmCo permanent-magnet alloy has higher Curie temperature (~1163K), and Alnico5 residual magnetism temperature coefficient is lower than
0.02%/DEG C, operating temperature has excellent temperature and time stability in 873K or more.For a long time, both domestic and external
Researcher thinks the temperature stability that can effectively improve rare earth permanent-magnetic material by way of adding heavy rare earth substantially.
The temperature stability of permanent-magnet material magnetic property mainly includes two aspects, and one is the temperature in certain temperature range
Coefficient；The other is within the scope of different temperatures temperature coefficient fluctuation, i.e., magnetic property with temperature raising whether change linearly,
The application of permanent-magnet material is all paid close attention to and is paid attention to very much to both indexs.
At this stage, in terms of the research hotspot of low-temperature coefficient permanent-magnet alloy focuses primarily upon RE permanent magnetic alloy, and for
The ameliorative way of this non-rare earth metal permanent-magnet material temperature stability of Alnico alloy is studied and is paid close attention to fewer.
For example, CN104183349A, which discloses at least two heavy rare earth elements of addition, prepares low temperature dependence SmCo base forever
The compound that magnet, heavy rare earth element and transition metal are formed can form positive temperature coefficient in a certain range, can be effective
Reduce remanent magnetism temperature dependency.
Alnico metal alloy and RE permanent magnetic alloy magnetism mechanism is not identical, therefore is changed by adding heavy rare earth element
The method of kind residual magnetism temperature coefficient is not applicable.CN103266257A, which is disclosed, adjusts Co constituent content, adjusts melting and heat treatment
Technique obtains excellent crystal grain orientation, so as to improve residual magnetism temperature coefficient.But this method can not improve residual magnetism temperature coefficient
With the fluctuation of temperature, it is difficult to meet the high occasion of stability requirement and use.
So exploring has new structural cobalt-based permanent magnet, to realize high magnetic characteristics, the low temperature system of cobalt-based permanent magnet
Several and high temperature stabilities not only contributes to the requirement for meeting high stability occasion, and forever for simple regulation cobalt-based
The magnetic property and temperature stability of magnetic material provide new method and thinking.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, preparation method and regulation method,
To overcome deficiency in the prior art.
For realization aforementioned invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
Provide a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet in some embodiments, include Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and
Nb element, wherein the permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, the nanometer double structure is by crystalloid
The rich FeCo precipitated phase of cubic structure and richness AlNi matrix phase composition, and Nb element segregation in rich AlNi matrix phase is distributed.
Further, the permanent magnet includes the following component being calculated by mass percentage: Co 30%~38%, Ni
10%~15%, Al 5%~8.5%, Ti 0~6.5%, Cu 2%~5%, Nb 0~2%, rest part include Fe.
Further, the crystal grain of the permanent magnet is made of column crystal arranged in parallel, and the richness FeCo precipitated phase has
Slender rod shaped structure, and period Dispersed precipitate is in the rich AlNi matrix phase, and the axial direction of the richness FeCo precipitated phase with
The axial direction of the column crystal is parallel.Further, the permanent magnet magnetic energy product be greater than 11MGOe, and the permanent magnet room temperature extremely
180 DEG C of residual magnetism temperature coefficient lower than -0.01%/DEG C, and remanent magnetism increases and linear reduction with temperature.
A kind of method for preparing the high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet is provided in some embodiments comprising:
Raw material mixed smelting comprising Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb is formed into uniform alloy liquid, then by the alloy
Liquid, which pours, casts from directional solidification molding in mold, forms blank；
By blank after 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C progress solution treatment, then be placed in magnetic field be cooled to 800 DEG C hereinafter, it
It is transferred to rapidly in the magnetic field that temperature is 810~830 DEG C afterwards and carries out magnetic field Isothermal treatment, followed by multiple tempering technique
Reason, obtains the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the high stability；The permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, the nanometer
Double structure is rich FeCo precipitated phase and the richness AlNi matrix phase composition of cubic structure by crystalloid, and Nb element is in richness
Segregation is distributed in AlNi matrix phase.
Provide in some embodiments it is a kind of regulate and control the cobalt-based permanent magnet magnetic property method comprising:
By adjusting Co element in the permanent magnet content and adjust Fe and Co Elements Atom hundred in rich FeCo precipitated phase
Score, and then structure, pattern and the magnetic characteristic of the richness FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase are adjusted, described in final regulation and control forever
The temperature stability of magnet remanence；
And/or by adjusting Nb in the permanent magnet content and adjust the ingredient and pattern of the richness AlNi matrix phase
Uniformity, permanent magnet residual magnetism temperature coefficient described in final regulation and control with temperature fluctuation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that by cobalt-based permanent magnet processing procedure strict control orient it is solidifying
Gu and heat treatment process, adjust Co and Nb constituent content, adjustment magnet phase structure, the magnetic characteristic of pattern and precipitated phase, to adjust
Magnet remanence temperature stability is controlled, remanent magnetism is obtained with temperature and increases linear reduction, and temperature coefficient is steady better than the height of a ten thousandth
Qualitative cobalt-based permanent magnet.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The some embodiments recorded in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is obtained the XRD diagram of cobalt-based permanent magnet by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b is obtained the TEM photo of cobalt-based permanent magnet by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is obtained the XRD diagram of cobalt-based permanent magnet by the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is obtained the TEM photo of cobalt-based permanent magnet by the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 5 for the obtained cobalt-based permanent magnet of comparative example 1 of the present invention XRD diagram；
The XRD diagram of the obtained cobalt-based permanent magnet of the position Fig. 6 comparative example 2 of the present invention；
Fig. 7 for the obtained cobalt-based permanent magnet of comparative example 2 of the present invention TEM photo；
The XRD diagram of the obtained cobalt-based permanent magnet of the position Fig. 8 comparative example 3 of the present invention；
Fig. 9 for the obtained cobalt-based permanent magnet of comparative example 3 of the present invention TEM photo.
Specific embodiment
In view of deficiency in the prior art, inventor is studied for a long period of time and largely practice discovery, is able to propose this hair
Bright technical solution.The technical solution, its implementation process and principle etc. will be further explained as follows.
One embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, include Co, Ni,
Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb element, wherein the permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, the nanometer two-phase knot
Structure is rich FeCo precipitated phase and the richness AlNi matrix phase composition of cubic structure by crystalloid, and Nb element is in rich AlNi matrix
Segregation is distributed in phase.
More precisely, the microstructure of the high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet is tied by two phase compositions of nano-scale
Crystalline is the rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase of cubic structure, wherein richness FeCo precipitated phase is magnetic precipitated phase,
Rich AlNi matrix is mutually weak magnetic matrix phase, two phase cycle amplitude modulation distribution.And the Nb Element segregation is distributed in rich AlNi base
In body phase.
Wherein, " the period amplitude modulation ", is meant that those skilled in the art knew.For example, can be construed to, it is preceding
The two-phase stated is spaced apart from each other periodic arrangement.
In some embodiments, the component that the permanent magnet includes following (wt%): Co 30%~38%, Ni 10%~
15%, Al 5%~8.5%, Ti 0~6.5%, Cu 2%~5%, Nb 0~2%, surplus Fe.
Further, the crystal grain of the permanent magnet is made of column crystal arranged in parallel, and the richness FeCo precipitated phase has
Slender rod shaped structure, and period Dispersed precipitate is in the rich AlNi matrix phase, and the axial direction of the richness FeCo precipitated phase with
The axial direction of the column crystal is parallel.
Further, along column crystal axial direction, the richness FeCo precipitated phase is distributed in slender rod shaped and even dispersion
In rich AlNi matrix phase, and along column crystal radial direction, the richness FeCo precipitated phase is square and Dispersed precipitate is in rich AlNi base
In body phase.
Further, the diameter of the richness FeCo precipitated phase is 20nm~50nm, length >=300nm.
Further, the richness FeCo precipitated phase and two phase boundary crystal face of richness AlNi matrix phase at least contain { 100 } crystal face.
Further, the intensity I of { 100 } crystallographic plane diffraction peak of the magnet<100>With the intensity of { 200 } crystallographic plane diffraction peak
I<200>The ratio between >=0.05.
Further, the sum of atomic percentage content of Fe and Co >=85% in the richness FeCo precipitated phase, preferably greater than
85%, and the atomic percentage content of Fe is greater than the atomic percentage content of Co.
Inventor's discovery, adjusts Co and Nb constituent content, thus it is possible to vary pattern, structure and the ingredient of two-phase, thus
There is important influence to magnetic property and magnetic temperature stability.
Further, the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet is greater than 11MGOe.
Further, the permanent magnet the residual magnetism temperature coefficient of room temperature to 180 DEG C lower than -0.01%/DEG C, and remanent magnetism
It is increased and linear reduction with temperature.
One embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of side for preparing the high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet
Method comprising:
The raw material mixed smelting being mainly made of Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb is formed into uniform alloy liquid, then by institute
It states aluminium alloy and pours and cast from mold directional solidification and form, form blank；
By blank after 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C progress solution treatment, then be placed in magnetic field be cooled to 800 DEG C hereinafter, it
It is transferred to rapidly in the magnetic field that temperature is 810~830 DEG C afterwards and carries out magnetic field Isothermal treatment, followed by multiple tempering technique
Reason, obtains the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the high stability；The permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, the nanometer
Double structure is rich FeCo precipitated phase and the richness AlNi matrix phase composition of cubic structure by crystalloid, and Nb element is in richness
Segregation is distributed in AlNi matrix phase.
In some embodiments, the preparation method includes: to mix the induction melting furnace uniformly the first raw material
Melting reduces power and the uniform mixed smelting of the second raw material is added, later to form the aluminium alloy；The first raw material packet
Fe, Cu, Co and Ni are included, second raw material includes Nb, Al and Ti.
In some embodiments, the preparation method includes: that will dry as the sand mo(u)ld of mold at 1400 DEG C~1450 DEG C
Roasting 30min or more, then the aluminium alloy is cast to the sand mo(u)ld interior orientation coagulation forming rapidly and obtains the blank.
In some embodiments, the preparation method include: by the blank 650~750 DEG C keep the temperature 20~
30min is subsequently placed in 1200~1300 DEG C of solution treatment, is rapidly cooled in the magnetic field 2500~4000Oe after solution treatment
700~800 DEG C, cooling rate is 7~10 DEG C/s, and magnetic direction is consistent with blank directional solidification direction.
In some embodiments, the preparation method include: by through solution treatment and magnetic field are cold go after blank in
Temperature is 810~830 DEG C, and magnetic field keeps the temperature 10~20min under conditions of being 3000~4500Oe, is cooled to room temperature later.
In some embodiments, the preparation method includes carrying out three-level tempering to the blank after Isothermal treatment
Processing, the three-level tempering include: 650~700 DEG C of the first order and keep the temperature 2~5 hours, the heat preservation 6 of 600~630 DEG C of the second level
~9 hours, 550~580 DEG C of the third level kept the temperature 15~20 hours, were then cooled to 100 DEG C or less.
Among a more specific typical embodiments, one kind preparing the cobalt-based permanent magnet by directional casting technique
Method include the following steps:
Step 1, directional solidification
Alloying component is accurately calculated, first Fe, Cu, Co, Ni etc. are put into induction melting furnace, raw material answers even compact to put
It sets, but prevents bridging phenomenon；It to be sufficiently stirred in fusion process, power is reduced after waiting alloys to be completely melt and then will
Nb, Al, Ti etc., which are separately added into induction furnace, to be sufficiently stirred, and hot sand mo(u)ld is prevented on the iron plate that recirculated water is arranged at bottom, then will
Molten steel cast molding；
Sand mo(u)ld should toast 30 minutes or so in Muffle furnace at 1400 DEG C~1450 DEG C, and high temperature sand mo(u)ld is prevented in bottom
Have on the iron plate of recirculated water.
Step 2 prepares blank
Ingot casting is taken out from sand mo(u)ld after ingot casting is completely cooling, according to target size roughing；
Step 3, heat treatment
Solution treatment, magnetic field Isothermal treatment and multiple tempering process are carried out to rough machined blank, it is final to obtain
To high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet.
First the casting of well cutting is kept the temperature at preheating in 20~30 minutes in 650~750 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces before solution treatment
Reason, is subsequently placed in solution treatment in 1200~1300 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, keeps the temperature 10~15 minutes according to sample size；After solution treatment
700~800 DEG C are rapidly cooled in the magnetic field 2500~4000Oe, cooling rate is 7~10 DEG C/s, and magnetic direction and casting are fixed
It is consistent to solidification direction.
When the isothermal processes of magnetic field, isothermal furnace temperature is at 820~830 DEG C, and magnetic field is in 3000~4500Oe, according to casting dimension
Heat preservation 10~20 minutes, taking-up is placed on dry ground and is cooled to room temperature from furnace.
Multiple tempering technique is that three-level is tempered system: 650~700 DEG C of the first order keep the temperature 2~5 hours, and the second level 600~
630 DEG C keep the temperature 6~9 hours, and 550~580 DEG C of the third level keep the temperature 15~20 hours, are then cooled to 100 DEG C or less taking-ups with furnace.
One embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provide it is a kind of regulate and control the cobalt-based permanent magnet magnetic property method.
In some embodiments, the regulation method include: by adjusting the content of Co element in the permanent magnet and
Fe and Co Elements Atom percentage in richness FeCo precipitated phase is adjusted, and then adjusts the richness FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase
Structure, pattern and magnetic characteristic, regulate and control the uniformity consistency of the microcosmic domain structure of the magnet, permanent magnet described in final regulation and control is surplus
The temperature stability of magnetic.
Further, the sum of Fe, Co atomic percentage high in the richness FeCo precipitated phase, high Fe, Co atomic percent
The ratio between number can improve magnetic characteristic of permanent magnet.
In some embodiments, the regulation method includes: to adjust richness AlNi matrix phase by adjusting the content of Nb
The uniformity of ingredient and pattern, final controllable magnet remanence temperature coefficient with temperature fluctuation.
Wherein, the phase size, distribution and homogeneity of ingredients can be improved when Nb Element segregation is distributed in rich AlNi matrix, mentioned
The high precipitated phase degree of orientation and uniformity.
In some more specific embodiments, the regulation method include: by adjusting the permanent magnet alloy at
It is when described to improve richness FeCo precipitated phase major diameter for Co content (25wt%~40wt%, preferably 30wt%~38wt%) in point
I in permanent magnet<100>/I<200>The rich FeCo precipitated phase degree of orientation and magnetic moment orientation degree are improved, improves richness FeCo in the permanent magnet
The ratio between the sum of Fe and Co atomic percentage, Fe and Co atomic percentage improve rich FeCo precipitated phase Curie temperature in precipitated phase,
So that richness FeCo is precipitated phase morphology and is square, and richness FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase phase boundary are { 100 }, are finally mentioned
The temperature stability of high cobalt-based permanent magnet remanent magnetism.
In some more specific embodiments, the regulation method includes: in the cobalt-based permanent magnet alloying component
Middle addition Nb element (0~2wt%) makes rich AlNi matrix by making Nb Element segregation in rich AlNi matrix phase after heat treatment
Phase size, distribution and its homogeneity of ingredients improve the uniformity consistency of the magnet microstructure, final to reduce remanent magnetism temperature system
Count the fluctuation with temperature.
More specific detail is made to technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with several examples and drawings.
Embodiment 1:
The permanent magnet that the present embodiment cobalt-based permanent magnet is made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb, each element
Mass percent are as follows: Co35%, Ni13.8%, Al7.2%, Ti5.8%, Cu3%, Nb1.1%, Fe surplus.
The preparation process of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes the following steps:
(1) alloy melting and casting.Alloying component Fe, Cu, Co, Ni for accurately calculating etc. are put into induction melting furnace,
Raw material answers even compact to place, but prevents bridging phenomenon；It to be sufficiently stirred in fusion process, after waiting alloys to be completely melt
Induction furnace power is reduced, then Nb, Al, Ti etc. are separately added into induction furnace and are sufficiently stirred.It in advance should be in Muffle by sand mo(u)ld
It is toasted 30 minutes or so in furnace 1400, high temperature sand mo(u)ld, which is placed on bottom, to be had on the iron plate of recirculated water, and then molten steel is cast
Molding.
(2) alloy roughing.Ingot casting is taken out from sand mo(u)ld after ingot casting is completely cooling, and ingot casting is cut into Φ using wire cutting
10 × 35 small column.
(3) alloy solid solution processing and magnetic-field cooling.First by the small column of well cutting in 750 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces before solution treatment
30 minutes the pre-heat treatments of middle heat preservation, are subsequently placed in solution treatment in 1250 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, and sample keeps the temperature 13 minutes；After solution treatment
750 ± 20 DEG C are rapidly cooled in the magnetic field 3000Oe, cooling rate is 7~8 DEG C/s, magnetic direction and small column directional solidification
Direction is consistent.
Magnetic field isothermal processes.At 825 DEG C, magnetic field keeps the temperature 15 minutes, postposition is taken out from furnace isothermal furnace temperature in 4000Oe
It is cooled to room temperature in dry ground.
Three-level is tempered system: 650 DEG C of the first order keep the temperature 3 hours；600 DEG C of the second level keeps the temperature 8 hours；The third level 550~580
DEG C heat preservation 16 hours, be then cooled to 100 DEG C or less taking-ups with furnace.
Utilize the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, the result is shown in Figure 1, transmission electron microscope
(TEM) microscopic appearance of the permanent magnet is analyzed, as a result sees Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b, while using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electricity
Sub- power spectrum (EDS) tests the microcosmos area element distribution analysis of the cobalt-based permanent magnet, and the results are shown in Table 1.By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a-
Fig. 2 b and table 1 can find that the permanent magnet has the nanometer two-phase microstructure of period amplitude modulation, i.e. crystalloid is cubic structure
Rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure and I<100>/I<200>The distribution of ≈ 0.085, Nb Element segregation
In rich AlNi matrix phase, n (Fe+Co) ≈ 92.61%, nFe:nCo ≈ 1.33, rich FeCo precipitated phase are in rich FeCo precipitated phase
Square, and two-phase interface is { 100 }.The magnetic property of the magnet is tested using permanent-magnet material pyrometry system (permanent magnetism B-H)
And temperature stability, test result are shown in Table 5.
Table 1: the component distributing in the microstructure of 1 cobalt-based permanent magnet of embodiment
Embodiment 2:
The permanent magnet that the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the present embodiment is made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb, each member
Plain mass percent are as follows: Co36%, Ni13.5%, Al7.3%, Ti5.1%, Cu3%, Nb1.1%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes step (1)~step (3), with step (1)~step in embodiment 1
(3) essentially identical.The difference is that magnetic-field heat treatment temperature is 821 DEG C, heat treatment time is 15 minutes.
Using the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, as a result sees Fig. 3, utilize transmission electron microscope
(TEM) microscopic appearance of the cobalt-based permanent magnet is analyzed, as a result sees Fig. 4, and using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electronics
Power spectrum (EDS) tests the element distribution analysis of the cobalt-based permanent magnet microcosmos area, the results are shown in Table shown in 2.It can by Fig. 3,4 and table 2
It was found that the rich FeCo that nanometer two-phase microstructure of the cobalt-based permanent magnet with period amplitude modulation, i.e. crystalloid are cubic structure
Precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure and I<100>/I<200>≈ 0.073, Nb Element segregation are distributed in richness
In AlNi matrix phase, n (Fe+Co) ≈ 91.21%, nFe:nCo ≈ 1.27 in rich FeCo precipitated phase, rich FeCo precipitated phase are six sides
Shape, and two-phase interface is { 100 } and { 110 }.The magnetism of the magnet is tested using permanent-magnet material pyrometry system (permanent magnetism B-H)
Energy and temperature stability, test result are shown in Table 5.
Table 2: the component distributing in the microstructure of 2 cobalt-based permanent magnet of embodiment
Embodiment 3:
The cobalt-based permanent magnet that the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the present embodiment is made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb,
Each element mass percent are as follows: Co40%, Ni14%, Al8.2%, Ti7.8%, Cu3%, Nb1.1%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes step (1)~step (3), with step (1)~step in embodiment 1
(3) essentially identical.The difference is that magnetic-field heat treatment temperature is 819 DEG C, heat treatment time is 18 minutes, level-one tempering temperature
It is 690 DEG C, second annealing temperature is 640 DEG C, and three-level tempering temperature is 590 DEG C.
Using the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, using transmission electron microscope (TEM) to this
The microscopic appearance of cobalt-based permanent magnet is analyzed, and tests the cobalt-based using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electron spectrum (EDS)
The element distribution analysis of permanent magnet microcosmos area finds that the cobalt-based permanent magnet has the nanometer two-phase microstructure of period amplitude modulation,
I.e. crystalloid be cubic structure rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure, Nb Element segregation divide
Cloth is in rich AlNi matrix phase, wherein richness FeCo precipitated phase is diamond shape, and two-phase interface is { 110 }.Utilize permanent-magnet material high temperature
Measuring system (permanent magnetism B-H) tests the magnetic property and temperature stability of the magnet, and test result is shown in Table 5.
Comparative example 1:
The cobalt-based permanent magnet that the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the comparative example is made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu and Fe, each member
Plain mass percent are as follows: Co25%, Ni14.1%, Al8.45%, Ti0, Cu3.3%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes step (1)~step (3), with step (1)~step in embodiment 1
(3) essentially identical.The difference is that solid solubility temperature is 1290 DEG C, magnetic-field heat treatment temperature is 827 DEG C, heat treatment time 11
Minute.
Using the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, as a result sees Fig. 5, utilize transmission electron microscope
(TEM) microscopic appearance of the cobalt-based permanent magnet is analyzed, and using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electron spectrum (EDS)
The element distribution analysis for testing the cobalt-based permanent magnet microcosmos area finds that the cobalt-based permanent magnet has the nanometer two-phase of period amplitude modulation
Microstructure, i.e. crystalloid are the rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure of cubic structure,
I<100>/I<200>≈ 0.054, wherein richness FeCo precipitated phase is irregular quadrilateral, two-phase interface is { 100 }.Utilize permanent-magnet material
Pyrometry system (permanent magnetism B-H) tests the magnetic property and temperature stability of the magnet, and test result is shown in Table 5.
Comparative example 2:
The cobalt-based permanent magnet that the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the comparative example is made of elements such as Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu and Fe, each member
Plain mass percent are as follows: Co36%, Ni13.5%, Al7.3%, Ti5.1%, Cu3%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes step (1)~step (3), with step (1)~step in embodiment 1
(3) essentially identical.The difference is that magnetic-field heat treatment temperature is 821 DEG C, heat treatment time is 15 minutes.
Using the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, Fig. 6 is as a result seen.Utilize transmission electron microscope
(TEM) microscopic appearance of the cobalt-based permanent magnet is analyzed, as a result sees Fig. 7, and using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electronics
Power spectrum (EDS) tests the element distribution analysis of the cobalt-based permanent magnet microcosmos area, the results are shown in Table 3.It can be sent out by Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and table 3
Existing, which has the nanometer two-phase microstructure of period amplitude modulation, i.e. crystalloid is that the rich FeCo of cubic structure is analysed
Phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure and I out<100>/I<200>≈ 0.071, wherein richness FeCo precipitated phase is diamond shape,
N (Fe+Co) ≈ 85.39%, nFe:nCo ≈ 1.33, and two-phase interface is { 110 }.(forever using permanent-magnet material pyrometry system
Magnetic B-H) magnetic property and temperature stability of the magnet are tested, test result is shown in Table 5.
Component distributing in the microstructure of 3 comparative example of table, 2 cobalt-based permanent magnet
Comparative example 3:
The cobalt-based permanent magnet that the cobalt-based permanent magnet of the comparative example is made of Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu and Fe element, each element
Mass percent are as follows: Co40%, Ni14%, Al8.2%, Ti7.8%, Cu3%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet includes step (1)~step (3), with step (1)~step in embodiment 1
(3) essentially identical.The difference is that solid solubility temperature is 1230 DEG C, magnetic-field heat treatment temperature is 819 DEG C, heat treatment time 18
Minute, level-one tempering temperature is 690 DEG C.
Using the phase structure of x-ray spectrometer (XRD) analysis permanent magnet, Fig. 8 is as a result seen.Transmission electron microscope
(TEM) microscopic appearance of the cobalt-based permanent magnet is analyzed, as a result sees Fig. 9, while using in conjunction with energy loss X-ray electronics
Power spectrum (EDS) tests the microcosmos area element distribution analysis of the cobalt-based permanent magnet, the results are shown in Table shown in 3.By Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and table 4
It can find, the richness that nanometer two-phase microstructure of the cobalt-based permanent magnet with period amplitude modulation, i.e. crystalloid are cubic structure
FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition period modulation structure and I<100>/I<200>≈ 0.078, n in rich FeCo precipitated phase
(Fe+Co) ≈ 70.92%, nFe:nCo ≈ 0.95, rich FeCo precipitated phase is diamond shape, and two-phase interface is { 110 }.Utilize permanent magnetism
Material at high temperature measuring system (permanent magnetism B-H) tests the magnetic property and temperature stability of the magnet, and test result is shown in Table 5.
Component distributing in the microstructure of 4 comparative example of table, 3 cobalt-based permanent magnet
The magnetic property and temperature coefficient test result of the cobalt-based permanent magnet of table 5 the embodiment of the present invention 1-3 and comparative example 1-3
It should be appreciated that the technical concepts and features of above-described embodiment only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with this
The personage of item technology cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence according to the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet, which is characterized in that the permanent magnet include be calculated by mass percentage as
Lower component: Co 30%~38%, Ni 10%~15%, Al 5%~8.5%, Ti 0~6.5%, Cu 2%~5%, Nb 0
~2%, rest part includes Fe；
The permanent magnet has the nanometer double structure of period amplitude modulation, and the nanometer double structure is cubic structure by crystalloid
Rich FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase composition, Nb element in rich AlNi matrix phase segregation distribution；
The crystal grain of the permanent magnet is made of column crystal arranged in parallel, and along column crystal axial direction, the richness FeCo precipitated phase is in
Slender rod shaped and even dispersion is distributed in rich AlNi matrix phase, the axial direction of the richness FeCo precipitated phase and the axis of the column crystal
To parallel, and along column crystal radial direction, the richness FeCo precipitated phase is square and Dispersed precipitate is in rich AlNi matrix phase.
2. high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the richness FeCo precipitated phase
For 20nm~50nm, length >=300nm.
3. high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the richness FeCo precipitated phase and richness
Two phase boundary crystal face of AlNi matrix phase at least contains { 100 } crystal face.
4. high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the richness FeCo precipitated phase Fe with
The sum of atomic percentage content of Co >=85%, and the atomic percentage content of Fe is greater than the atomic percentage content of Co.
5. high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet is greater than
11MGOe, room temperature to 180 DEG C residual magnetism temperature coefficient lower than -0.01%/DEG C, and remanent magnetism is increased with temperature and is linearly dropped
It is low.
6. high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: { 100 } crystal face of the permanent magnet
The intensity I of diffraction maximum<100>With the intensity I of { 200 } crystallographic plane diffraction peak<200>The ratio between >=0.05.
7. the preparation method of high stability cobalt-based permanent magnet as described in any one of claim 1-6, characterized by comprising:
Raw material mixed smelting comprising Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and Nb is formed into uniform alloy liquid, then the aluminium alloy is poured
It casts from directional solidification in mold to form, forms blank；
By blank in 650~750 DEG C of 20~30min of heat preservation, 1200~1300 DEG C of solution treatment are subsequently placed in, after solution treatment
700~800 DEG C are rapidly cooled in the magnetic field 2500~4000Oe, cooling rate is 7~10 DEG C/s, magnetic direction and the hair
Blank directional solidification direction is consistent；
By through solution treatment and magnetic field are cold go after blank in temperature be 810~830 DEG C, magnetic field be 3000~4500Oe item
10~20min is kept the temperature under part, is cooled to room temperature later, and Isothermal treatment is completed；
To after Isothermal treatment blank carry out three-level tempering, the three-level tempering include: the first order 650~
700 DEG C keep the temperature 2~5 hours, and 600~630 DEG C of the second level keeps the temperature 6~9 hours, and 550~580 DEG C of third level heat preservations 15~20 are small
When, then with 100 DEG C or less taking-ups are furnace-cooled to, obtain the cobalt-based permanent magnet of high stability.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising: uniformly mixed the first raw material with induction melting furnace
Melting is closed, reduce power later and the uniform mixed smelting of the second raw material is added, to form the aluminium alloy；First raw material
Including Fe, Cu, Co and Ni, second raw material includes Nb, Al and Ti.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising: by as the sand mo(u)ld of mold 1400 DEG C~
1450 DEG C of baking 30min or more, then the aluminium alloy is cast to the sand mo(u)ld interior orientation coagulation forming rapidly and is obtained described
Blank.
10. a kind of regulation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet magnetic property as described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that packet
It includes: by adjusting the content of Co element in the permanent magnet, to adjust Fe and Co Elements Atom percentage in rich FeCo precipitated phase
Number, and then structure, pattern and the magnetic characteristic of the richness FeCo precipitated phase and richness AlNi matrix phase are adjusted, it is microcosmic to regulate and control the magnet
The uniformity consistency of domain structure, the temperature stability of permanent magnet residual magnetism described in final regulation and control.
11. regulation method according to claim 10, characterized by comprising: by adjusting Co element in the permanent magnet
Content to 25wt%~40wt%, to improve the major diameter of the richness FeCo precipitated phase when magnet I<100>/I<200>,
Improve the precipitated phase degree of orientation and magnetic moment orientation degree, improve the sum of Fe and Co atom percentage content in the richness FeCo precipitated phase,
The ratio between described Fe and Co atomic percentage, to improve rich FeCo precipitated phase Curie temperature and improve the permanent magnet residual magnetism
Temperature stability.
12. regulation method according to claim 11, characterized by comprising: adjust containing for Co element in the permanent magnet
It measures to 30wt%~38wt%.
13. a kind of regulation method of the cobalt-based permanent magnet magnetic property as described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that packet
It including: so that Nb Element segregation is existed by adjusting Nb constituent content in the permanent magnet to 0wt%~2wt%, and by heat treatment
In rich AlNi matrix phase, keeps rich AlNi matrix phase size, distribution and ingredient uniform, improve uniform the one of the magnet microstructure
Cause property reduces cobalt-based permanent magnet residual magnetism temperature coefficient with the fluctuation of temperature.
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