CN106816067A - Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation - Google Patents
Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106816067A CN106816067A CN201710182151.7A CN201710182151A CN106816067A CN 106816067 A CN106816067 A CN 106816067A CN 201710182151 A CN201710182151 A CN 201710182151A CN 106816067 A CN106816067 A CN 106816067A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Cl AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/16—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for science of heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation, it is made up of piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus, mercury is hydraulic fluid, measurement apparatus are by capillary glass tube, constant temperature circulating water leg, sealing liquid container lid, sealing liquid container, vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge, bolt, seal etc. is constituted, measurement apparatus body interior upper and lower ends are respectively in cone, it is middle cylindrical, the sealing liquid of measurement apparatus is mercury, high purity fluid in measurement apparatus mainly has carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, freon 13, freon 23 etc., use pressure tight metal pipe, ferrule fitting couples together piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus.Its advantage is to use mercury as hydraulic fluid and sealing liquid, fundamentally avoids pressure gauge tester oil leak, leakage problem, can be conveniently used for the measure of multiple fluid property, easy to operate, reduces equipment purchasing expense, reduces experimental cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision determined for fluid properties with observation, more particularly to one kind can carry out various
The experimental provision that property relation is determined and critical phenomena are observed between fluid pressure, volume, temperature, belongs to experiment teaching instrument.
Background technology
The pressure of fluid（P）, volume（V）, temperature（T）Between property relation be fluid fundamental property, be calculate stream
The basic data of body heat mechanical property, the critical-temperature of the physical data of fluid, such as fluid, critical pressure, critical size
Matter is the basic data for determining material liquefaction, vaporization, design of pressure vessels etc., needed for this temperature of measure fluid, pressure and
Relation between volume, the critical properties of observation understanding Study of Fluid, after having these properties, can count according to thermodynamic relation
Other macroscopic properties of fluid operator, these properties play a significant role at aspects such as chemistry, chemical industry, refrigeration, heat energy utilizations, because
And the temperature of fluid, pressure, volume relationship measuring and critical data are determined and be taken seriously, Wujiang great waves are " Xi'an traffic is big
Journal " the 1st phase of volume 37 reports a kind of New High Accuracy PVTx Measurement Experimental System, and Chen Qi " learn by Zhejiang University
Report " the 1st phase of volume 40 reports high accuracy PVT measurement system for refrigerants, Xu Hang " Chinese University of Science and Technology's journal " the 45th
Rolling up for the 5th phase reports the high accuracy fluid PVT measuring systems based on magnetic suspension densitometer, and the purpose of this several measuring system is all
For scientific research, increase the degree of accuracy of measuring result, but the problem brought is expensive equipment manufacturing cost, every a timing
Between, it is necessary to when being tested using equipment, will be corrected to temperature measuring set instruments and meters, pressure-measuring device instruments and meters, or
To metering, institute is examined and determine, and these equipment are unrealistic for experimental teaching, moreover equipment precision is higher, and equipment is more complicated,
The chance of failure is more, is unfavorable for teaching support.
The temperature of fluid, the measure of relation and critical phenomena observation are that many colleges and universities open up between pressure, volume one
Experimental project, Chinese patent CN202599882U discloses the composition of carbon dioxide critical point and p-v-T relation measurement experiment platforms,
The experimental bench mainly has the groups such as experimental bench body, constant temperature circulating bath, constant temperature circulating water leg, piston-type pressure source, carbon dioxide
Into, but pressure gauge tester is used in equipment as pressure source, using castor oil as hydraulic fluid, that is,
Hydraulic oil described in CN202599882U, it is living when being pumped using piston because castor-oil plant oil viscosity is excessive when temperature is relatively low
Often there is air to leak into oil cylinder, that is, hydraulic fluid cylinder at plug seal, cause castor oil to be pumped into oil cylinder, test nothing
Method is carried out, and when hydraulic fluid is replaced by transformer oil, because transformer oil viscosity is smaller, will not be leak into from outside piston seal
Air, but pressure it is higher when, transformer oil easily from piston seal leak；In addition, pressure gauge tester has multiple valves,
With pressure gauge tester when experiment is carried out, the mistake that valve is opened or closed often occurs, due to having in experimental bench body
Pressure, and lubricating cup pressure is normal pressure on pressure gauge tester, due to pressure difference, causes fluid in experimental bench body outwards to be gone out, and is sent out
Raw such case, the consequence for causing often equipment scrapping, because needing skill to fluid is filled with experimental provision body, only
Again equipment manufacturer is asked to be filled with fluid, travel charge and cost of labor are very high and pretty troublesome, manufacturer is often not yet
It is ready to be filled with fluid, when in experimental bench body and when pressure gauge tester internal pressure differences are smaller, will also result in pressure greatly due to pressure difference
The damage of power table；Another question is that the volume of castor oil in experimental bench body is far longer than pressure gauge tester cylinder body
Product, needs repeatedly oil pumping in experiment, conventional efficient is low；Also one problem is that the fluid that experimental facilities measure is used only has one
Kind, because skill is needed to fluid is filled with experimental provision body, and it is pretty troublesome, and skill is not cultivated overnight,
For student, cultivate that this skill is also unrealistic, thus the fluid PVT property measurement devices of market sale now can only survey
A kind of fluid PVT properties are measured, causes experimental facilities inefficiency, if it is desired to determining other fluids PVT properties, can only bought in addition
Equipment, cause experimental facilities purchase commodity increase sharply, the present whole nation opens up the school of fluid PVT property determination experiments, fluid used
It is essentially all carbon dioxide.
The content of the invention
Regarding to the issue above, inventor is solve problem by following technical solution：
Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation is made up of piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus, living
Plug pressure generator is by handwheel (1), piston screw (2), nut (3), piston cylinder (4), piston component (5), hydraulic fluid cylinder
(6), joint (7) composition, wherein nut (3) coordinate with screwed piston screw (2), are rotated handwheel by handwheel (1)
(1) rotary motion is changed into the linear motion of piston screw (2), promotes piston component (5) motion in piston cylinder (4), from
And change the volume size of hydraulic fluid cylinder (6) and produce pressure change, piston screw (2) end is embedded in piston component (5),
Form gap to coordinate, joint (7) is the hydraulic fluid of piston-type pressure generator for connecting measurement apparatus, mercury.
Piston component（5）Including spigot nut（8）, piston component main body（9）, piston element（10）、（11）、（14）, it is living
Plug seal（13）, clamp nut（12）.
Measurement apparatus are by constant temperature circulating water leg（20）, capillary glass tube（21）, constant temperature circulating water leg gland（22）, glass
Glass capillary seal gland（23）, sealing liquid container lid（24）, capillary glass tube location nut（25）, sealing liquid hold
Device（26）, joint（27）, packing ring（28）, constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）, capillary glass tube seal gland bolt
（30）, capillary glass tube seal（31）, sealing liquid container seal（32）, vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge, and will
Vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge and sealing liquid container lid（24）The attachment structure composition for coupling together.Hold in sealing liquid
Device lid（24）There is through hole side（241）, by through hole（241）Vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge are connected to measurement apparatus
On.
Measurement apparatus main body is by sealing liquid container lid（24）With sealing liquid container（26）Composition, measurement apparatus main body
Internal upper and lower ends are respectively in cone, cylindrical, the sealing liquid container in centre（26）Upper placement sealing liquid container sealing
Part（32）, by sealing liquid container lid（24）With sealing liquid container（26）Link together, capillary glass tube location nut
（25）For fixing capillary glass tube（21）, by capillary glass tube seal（31）It is placed on sealing liquid container lid（24）On
Circular glass capillary seal groove in, capillary glass tube seal gland bolt（30）By through hole（232）, by glass fiber
Capillary seal gland（23）It is fixed on sealing liquid container lid (24), in capillary glass tube seal gland（23）On put
Put constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）, by constant temperature circulating water leg（20）It is placed in constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）On
Correspondence position, in constant temperature circulating water leg（20）Flanging on place packing ring（28）, constant temperature circulating water leg gland（22）By
Two symmetrical semi-circular shape constant temperature circulating water leg gland components（222）Composition, by constant temperature circulating water leg gland component（222）
Upper through hole（221）, constant temperature circulating water leg gland bolt hole（231）Coordinate, using bolt by constant temperature circulating water leg gland portion
Part（222）It is fixed to capillary glass tube seal gland（23）On.
The sealing liquid of measurement apparatus is mercury.
By joint（7）, joint（27）Piston-type pressure generator and measurement are filled using pressure tight metal pipe, ferrule fitting
Put and couple together.
Fluid to be measured in measurement apparatus includes but is not limited to carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, freon 13, fluorine
Lyons 23, R125（CAS：354-33-6）, HFC-143a（CAS：420-46-2）, its percent by volume of the purity requirement of fluid is big
In 99.99%.
Measurement apparatus are along capillary glass tube（21）Horizontal plane is axially perpendicular to install and joint（27）Positioned at bottom, piston type
Pressure generator hydraulic fluid cylinder（6）Hydraulic fluid is highly less than through hole when volume is maximum（241）.
Hydraulic fluid cylinder (6) can discharge working liquid volume more than piston-type pressure generator in piston-type pressure generator
With at least 10 milliliters of confined space volume sum in measurement apparatus connecting line volume and measurement apparatus.
, at 1~5 millimeter, pressure tight metal thickness of pipe wall is at 1~3 millimeter for pressure tight metal bore.
To ensure that experiment is normally carried out, it is desirable to through hole（241）It is horizontal through hole, its position corresponds to sealing liquid container lid
Son（24）Interior tapered area, from sealing liquid container lid（24）Bottom calculates, and its horizontal center position is in sealing liquid container
Lid（24）At 2/3rds of height to five/everywhere.
Charge valve, vacuum valve, manometric joint level are higher than through hole（241）Horizontal center line.
Sealing liquid container lid（24）Conical centre's line, sealing liquid container（26）Conical centre's line and capillary glass tube
（21）Longitudinal center line is on same vertical line.
Joint（27）Upper end and sealing liquid container（26）Taper minimum point is connected.
Capillary glass tube seal gland（23）It is fixed on sealing liquid container lid（24）When upper, capillary glass tube sealing
Part gland bolt（30）It is preferred that interior hexagonal cylindrical hook bolt.
Constant temperature circulating water out（202）Higher than at least 20 millimeters of capillary glass tube top.
Hydraulic fluid cylinder surfaces roughness is not more than 0.10 μm.
Its advantage is to use mercury as hydraulic fluid and sealing liquid, measurement apparatus bulk density and pressure gauge tester
Lubricating cup internal pressure differences are big, fundamentally avoid multiple valves on pressure gauge tester from opening or closing operational error, and that causes sets
It is standby scrap hidden danger, it is to avoid when being tested under lower temperature castor-oil plant oil viscosity it is excessive cause take out and do not oil, use transformer
Oil viscosity is small, the problem of pressure gauge tester oil leak, can be conveniently used for the measure of multiple fluid property, easy to operate, reduces
Equipment purchasing expense, reduces experimental cost.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of section of structure of Fig. 1, piston-type pressure generator, 1 handwheel, 2 piston screws, 3 nuts, 4 piston cylinders, 5
Piston component, 6 hydraulic fluid cylinders, 7 joints.
A kind of piston component profile of Fig. 2, piston-type pressure generator, 8 spigot nuts, 9 piston component main bodys, 10,11,
14 pistons, 13 piston seals, 12 clamp nuts.
A kind of profile of Fig. 3, measurement apparatus, 20 constant temperature circulating water legs, 21 capillary glass tubies, 22 thermostatical circulating waters folder
Jacket gland, 23 capillary glass tube seal glands, 24 sealing liquid container lids, 25 capillary glass tube location nuts, 26 sealings
Liquid container, 27 joints, 28 packing rings, 29 constant temperature circulating water leg seals, 30 capillary glass tube seal gland bolts, 31 glass
Glass capillary seal, 32 sealing liquid container seals, 201 thermowells, 202 constant temperature circulating water outs, 203 constant temperature are followed
Ring water inlet.
Fig. 4, sealing liquid container lid profile, through hole 241.
Top is the top view of capillary glass tube seal gland 23,231 constant temperature circulating water leg gland spiral shells in Fig. 5, figure
Keyhole, 232 through holes；Figure below is constant temperature circulating water leg gland top view, 221 through holes, 222 constant temperature circulating water leg gland portions
Part.
Specific embodiment
To further understand explanation patent application, to phase in piston-type pressure generator in the present patent application and measurement apparatus
Hold inside the Pass and be further explained, and illustrate implementation of the invention.
Due to the support of fixed piston formula pressure generator and measurement apparatus, piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus
Fixed structure belongs to general knowledge, and such as piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus use hexagonal steel making, or use round steel bar or steel
Pipe by piston-type pressure generator with measurement apparatus external process into hexagon, or in piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus
It is used to fix and be not drawn on profile for the part of installation, thus fixture structure and part in surface soldered.
Assembled according to order from top to bottom according to Fig. 3, first with stainless steel tube and ferrule fitting, piston-type pressure is occurred
Device is by the joint on piston-type pressure generator（7）And joint（27）Couple together, the stainless steel tube external diameter for using is 4 millis
Rice, 2 millimeters of internal diameter, rotation hand wheel（1）Make hydraulic fluid cylinder（6）Volume is maximum, by sealing liquid container（26）It is fixed on support
On, from sealing liquid container（26）Top adds 520 grams of liquid mercury of sealing, and regulating piston formula pressure generator level is excluded
Air, sealing liquid container（26）Upper placement sealing liquid container seal（32）, connect sealing liquid container lid（24）With
Sealing liquid container（26）, sealing liquid container seal（32）From teflon gasket, capillary glass tube location nut
（25）For fixing capillary glass tube（21）, by capillary glass tube seal（31）It is placed on sealing liquid container lid（24）On
Circular glass capillary seal groove in, capillary glass tube seal（31）Selection uses O-ring, close using capillary glass tube
Sealing gland bolt（30）By capillary glass tube seal gland（23）It is fixed on sealing liquid container lid (24), in glass
Capillary seal gland（23）Place constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）, constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）Selection
Using O-ring, by constant temperature circulating water leg（20）It is placed in constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）Upper correspondence position, follows in constant temperature
Ring water leg（20）Outside flange on place packing ring（28）, packing ring（28）Use polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material pad, constant temperature circulating
Water leg gland（22）By two symmetrical semi-circular shape constant temperature circulating water leg gland components（222）Composition, by thermostatical circulating water
Chuck gland component（222）Upper through hole（221）, constant temperature circulating water leg gland bolt hole（231）By constant temperature circulating water leg pressure
Cover（222）It is fixed to capillary glass tube seal gland（23）On.
By through hole（241）And vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge are connected to sealing liquid container lid by attachment structure
（24）On.
By vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge and sealing liquid container lid（24）The attachment structure composition for coupling together can
To there is various types of attachment, such as by pipeline, threeway, straight-through pipe fitting, by vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge and sealing liquid
Container lid（24）Couple together；The structure of formula can also be integrally formed using intermetallic composite coating, be directly processed on metal derby
Corresponding joint or screw thread or connecting hole are by vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge and sealing liquid container lid（24）Couple together.
In constant temperature circulating water leg（20）Thermowell（201）Middle insertion thermometer, thermostatical circulating water is connected respectively
It is connected to constant temperature circulating water inlet（203）With constant temperature circulating water out（202）On, thermostatical circulating water jacket surface is machined with scale,
For recording fluid level, the temperature of regulating thermostatic circulator bath to setting value.
By piston-type pressure source along piston cylinder (4) axially vertical fixation.
Used as general knowledge, the machining accuracy of capillary glass tube is less than metal material processing precision, should prevent capillary glass tube
Be squeezed the measure that may be ruptured between metal parts, and this problem can have various solutions, and such as capillary glass tube is determined
Position nut（25）With capillary glass tube（21）Between elastomeric pad is installed, or by adjusting capillary glass tube location nut（25）'s
Position, makes itself and capillary glass tube（21）Between formed gap coordinate, prevent capillary glass tube（21）Ruptured by excessive compression.
By taking sulfur hexafluoride pressure bulk temperature relation measure as an example, the implementation process of patent application is further illustrated.It is first sharp
With the sealing of air analysis measurement apparatus in measurement apparatus confined space, it is ensured that vacuum valve and charge valve are closed, rotation hand wheel
(1), mercury is transported in sealing liquid container, slow compressed air makes pressure reach 6.0MPa, is kept for 1 to 2 minutes, pressure
Should remain unchanged, after pressure testing is qualified, rotation hand wheel（1）, make hydraulic fluid cylinder（6）Volume is maximum, and vavuum pump and surge flask are connected
Connect, then surge flask be connected on the vacuum valve of measurement apparatus, open vacuum valve, start vavuum pump, vacuumize at least 15 minutes,
Vacuum valve is closed, sulfur hexafluoride steel cylinder is connected with measurement apparatus charge valve, open charge valve, be filled with sulfur hexafluoride steam to table
About 0.1 MPa of pressure, closes charge valve, is again turned on vacuum valve, then vacuumizes at least 10 minutes, closes vacuum valve, is again turned on
Charge valve, is filled with sulfur hexafluoride steam to pressure gauge reading and reaches 0.5MPa, is then shut off charge valve, starts circulating pump, successively
Temperature be room temperature, temperature higher than room temperature but less than critical-temperature under measure, rotation hand wheel（1）Gradually pressurize, can be successively
It was observed that sulfur hexafluoride is in the states such as superheated steam, saturated vapor, VLE, saturated liquid, compressed liquid, and record survey
Constant temperature degree, pressure, the data of fluid level.
Fluid volume is equal to capillary glass tube by fluid level and capillary inner diameter numerical value according to fluid volume（21）Section
Product calculates fluid volume, capillary glass tube with fluid level product（21）Internal diameter is obtained using gravimetric method, by constant temperature
Lower capillary glass tube（21）Highly, capillary glass tube（21）Mercury density is calculated under interior mercury weight, constant temperature, glass fiber
Tubule（21）Internal diameter is 0.312 centimetre, can calculate capillary glass tube（21）Capillary cross section product be 0.0764 square
Centimetre, the constant temperature circulating water leg according to experimental record（20）On calibration gauge fluid operator highly, by fluid level and capillary
Internal diameter numerical value, is equal to capillary sectional area and calculates fluid volume with fluid level product, from constant temperature circulating according to fluid volume
Water leg（20）Interior thermometer record experimental temperature, from pressure gauge reading record experiment pressure, the pressure of fluid is absolute pressure
By force, it should be the pressure gauge reading of measuring plus 0.1MPa, it is absolute pressure to be plotted on pv diagram, can be drawn out with this
Pv diagram under temperature.
45.5 DEG C are increased the temperature to, the fuzzy critical phenomena in vapour-liquid line of demarcation can be observed.
When critical-temperature 45.5 DEG C of the temperature higher than sulfur hexafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride is in gaseous state or supercritical fluid shape
State, record experimental temperature, pressure, fluid level, calculates fluid volume, draws out the pv diagram under isothermal.
When need to use specific volume or molal volume data draw pv diagram when, can by the pressure of measuring, temperature,
The volume data of fluid, the amount of the material of fluid is calculated according to data in literature, and then obtains specific volume or molal volume.
To save the classroom experiment time, the process that measurement apparatus vacuumized, filled sulfur hexafluoride steam can be by experimental technique people
Member or teacher complete in advance.
Further by taking carbon dioxide pressure bulk temperature relation measure as an example, the implementation process of patent application is described in detail.
First with the sealing of air analysis measurement apparatus in the confined space of measurement apparatus.Ensure that vacuum valve and charge valve are closed, rotation
Wheel (1) is changed hands, mercury is transported in sealing liquid container, slow compressed air makes pressure reach 10MPa, is kept for 1 to 2 points
Clock, pressure should remain unchanged, after pressure testing is qualified, rotation hand wheel（1）, make hydraulic fluid cylinder（6）Volume is maximum, by vavuum pump with it is slow
Bottle connection is rushed, then surge flask is connected with vacuum valve, open vacuum valve, start vavuum pump, vacuumized at least 15 minutes, closed true
Empty valve, carbon dioxide steel cylinder is connected with measurement apparatus charge valve, opens charge valve, is filled with carbon dioxide-vapor to gauge pressure about
0.2 MPa, closes charge valve, is again turned on vacuum valve, starts vavuum pump, then vacuumizes at least 10 minutes, closes vacuum valve, rotation
Change hands wheel（1）, until from capillary glass tube（21）Untill mercury is seen in bottom, charge valve is again turned on, is filled with carbon dioxide extremely
Pressure gauge reading reaches 0.8MPa, is then shut off charge valve, starts water bath with thermostatic control circulating pump, is successively room temperature, temperature in temperature
Higher than room temperature but less than being measured under critical-temperature, rotation hand wheel（1）Gradually pressurize, can successively observe that carbon dioxide is in
The states such as superheated steam, saturated vapor, VLE, saturated liquid, compressed liquid, and it is high to record temperature of the measurement, pressure, fluid
The data of degree, draw out the pv diagram under isothermal.
When room temperature is higher than carbon dioxide critical temperature, observation VLE state needs constant temperature circulating to bathe refrigeration work(
Can, water temperature can be fallen below carbon dioxide critical temperature, temperature is passed through less than the water at low temperature of carbon dioxide critical temperature
Tested in constant temperature circulating water leg.
When experimental temperature is higher than 31.1 DEG C of carbon dioxide critical temperature, carbon dioxide may occur in which gas, supercritical fluid
State, record experimental temperature, pressure and fluid level data, calculates the volume of carbon dioxide, can draw out under experimental temperature
The pv diagram of carbon dioxide.
In 31.1 DEG C of the critical-temperature of carbon dioxide, can be observed carbon dioxide occur liquid-vaqor interface it is fuzzy disappear, it is critical
The critical phenomena such as opalescence.
The vacuum pump flow rate used in experiment is 1 Liter Per Minute, and absolute pressure reaches -0.09MPa.
Similarly, it is possible to use the fluid such as ethane is tested, an equipment can measure the temperature of multiple fluid, pressure
By force, the quantitative relation between volume.
The experimental provision body announced using CN202599882U, still uses pressure gauge tester to occur as pressure
Device, in addition to it need not vacuumize, fill fluid, remaining operating procedure experimental provision essentially identical but original altogether is because pressure gauge
The oil pressure chamber vol of the oil cylinder Capacity Ratio experimental bench body of checker is much smaller, it is necessary to repeatedly pumped from lubricating cup, then to experiment
It is oil-filled in playscript with stage directions body, pressure reading could be shown on pressure gauge.Pressure gauge tester oil pumping, oil-filled operating process are weighed very much
Will because operation go wrong do not add not only pressure can also destructive test equipment, its step is as follows：1. closing presure table and enter
Enter two valves of body oil circuit, the inlet valve of the lubricating cup on Opening pressure table checker.2. shake and move back on pressure gauge tester
Piston screw, until screw rod is all exited, has at this moment filled oil in pressure platform oil cylinder.3. lubricating cup valve is first closed, is then turned on
Pressure gauge and two valves into body oil circuit.4. shake into piston screw, it is oil-filled to device body, so repeatedly, until pressure
Untill having pressure reading on power table, when secondary oil-filled, it is necessary to the pressure reached when remembeing oil-filled for the first time first, wait secondary oil-filled
When pressure reaches pressure oil-filled for the first time, the valve of body oil circuit could be opened, in order to avoid damage equipment.In whole experiment process
Pressure is no more than 6.0MPa.5. check again for whether lubricating cup valve shuts, whether pressure gauge and body oil circuit valve are opened, if
Stablize, you can experiment.Remaining step is same as Example 1, but operating procedure is more, the chance for valve opening and closing occur
It is many, it is easily caused carbon dioxide and goes out experimental bench body, experimental facilities is easily damaged, when another problem is low temperature, even if
Temperature also often occurs because castor-oil plant oil viscosity is big at 15 DEG C, and air inlet in pressure gauge tester piston is taken out and do not oiled,
Often having causes the situation of the failure of an experiment to occur.
Once open or close the valve operation error on pressure gauge tester, experimental provision body and pressure gauge tester
Pressure differential is larger, can go out fluid in measurement body, causes equipment scrapping.
Sealing liquid container lid（24）With sealing liquid container（26）Between connected mode have various, such as threaded connection, weldering
Connect, threaded connection also there are diversified forms, such as directly in sealing liquid container lid（24）Lower inner surface processes internal thread,
In sealing liquid container（26）Top processes external threads, it is also possible in sealing liquid container lid（24）Lower external face with it is close
Envelope liquid container（26）Outer surface of upper processes screw thread, by a double internal thread straight couplings by sealing liquid container lid（24）
With sealing liquid container（26）Couple together.
According to sealing liquid container lid（24）With sealing liquid container（26）Between type of attachment it is different, seal form has many
Kind, such as packing seal, seal sealing.
Seal species is a lot, and such as cross sectional shape is the O-ring seals of O shapes, and section is the profiled seals such as trapezoidal, rectangle
Part, also sealing ring etc., its material preferably ageing-resistant, high temperature resistant, the material of chemical-resistant reagent, such as nitrile rubber, butyl rubber
Glue, neoprene, butadiene-styrene rubber, fluorubber, silicon rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polysulfide rubber, modified rubber,
Compounded rubber Polymer material.
Seal can also be formed by different materials cladding, and seal includes that two or more material coats to be formed close
Sealing.
Rubber hardness is not less than 75 degree of shore hardness when using rubber seal, and hardness is too small, does not have sealing function,
When hardness is excessive, capillary glass tube may be damaged.
O shape rubber seal is conventional seal, and shape differs, and when reasonable in design, can realize seal request, when
During using odd-shaped cross section rubber seal, seal channel section shape and odd-shaped cross section rubber for placing special-shaped rubber seal
Glue seal cross sectional shape is identical.
Sealing member material can also be from materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite.
It is enhancing sealing effectiveness, the quantity of sealing ring can be increased, is formed multi-sealed.
The attachment structure of vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge on sealing liquid container has various, can be connected to liquid close
Envelope container lid（24）, such as in through hole（241）It is upper to pass through joint, pressure tight metal pipe, by vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge connection
In measurement apparatus, it is also possible to coupled together vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge by the metalwork of a processing connecting hole,
Joint or connecting hole are machined with metalwork.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, is appointed
What those skilled in the art changed possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified as equivalent variations etc.
Effect embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to technical spirit of the invention to above example institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. it is used to determine the experimental provision of fluid pressure bulk temperature relation, by piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus group
Into, it is characterised in that：Piston-type pressure generator is by handwheel (1), piston screw (2), nut (3), piston cylinder (4), piston group
Part (5), hydraulic fluid cylinder (6), joint (7) composition, piston component（5）Including spigot nut（8）, piston component main body（9）, with
And piston element（10）、（11）、（14）, piston seal（13）, clamp nut（12）, mercury is piston-type pressure generator
Hydraulic fluid；Measurement apparatus are by constant temperature circulating water leg（20）, capillary glass tube（21）, constant temperature circulating water leg gland（22）、
Capillary glass tube seal gland（23）, sealing liquid container lid（24）, capillary glass tube location nut（25）, sealing liquid
Container（26）, joint（27）, packing ring（28）, constant temperature circulating water leg seal（29）, capillary glass tube seal gland bolt
（30）, capillary glass tube seal（31）, sealing liquid container seal（32）, vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge, and will
Vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge and sealing liquid container lid（24）The attachment structure composition for coupling together, holds in sealing liquid
Device lid（24）There is through hole side（241）, by through hole（241）Vacuum valve, charge valve, pressure gauge are connected to measurement apparatus
On, respectively in cone, middle cylindrical, the sealing liquid of measurement apparatus is water to measurement apparatus body interior upper and lower ends
Silver, the fluid to be measured in measurement apparatus includes but is not limited to carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, freon 13, freon
23、R125（CAS：354-33-6）, HFC-143a（CAS：420-46-2）, the purity requirement of fluid its percent by volume is more than
99.99%, by joint（7）, joint（27）Piston-type pressure generator and measurement are filled using pressure tight metal pipe, ferrule fitting
Put and couple together.
2. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Survey
Amount device is along capillary glass tube（21）Horizontal plane is axially perpendicular to install and joint（27）Positioned at bottom, hydraulic fluid cylinder（6）Body
Hydraulic fluid is highly less than through hole when product is maximum（241）.
3. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Work
Making liquid cylinder (6) can discharge working liquid volume more than piston-type pressure generator and measurement apparatus connecting line volume and measurement
At least 10 milliliters of confined space volume sum in device.
4. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is resistance to
, at 1~5 millimeter, pressure tight metal thickness of pipe wall is at 1~3 millimeter for pressure metal bore.
5. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is logical
Hole（241）It is horizontal through hole, its position corresponds to sealing liquid container lid（24）Interior tapered area, from sealing liquid container lid
Son（24）Bottom calculates, and its horizontal center position is in sealing liquid container lid（24）To 4/5ths at 2/3rds of height
Place.
6. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is close
Sealing liquid body container lid（24）Conical centre's line, sealing liquid container（26）Conical centre's line and capillary glass tube（21）In axial direction
Heart line is on same vertical line.
7. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Connect
Head（27）Upper end and sealing liquid container（26）Taper minimum point is connected.
8. the experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Glass
Glass capillary seal gland（23）It is fixed on sealing liquid container lid（24）When upper, the capillary glass tube seal pressure for using
Bonnet bolt（30）It is preferred that interior hexagonal cylindrical hook bolt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710182151.7A CN106816067A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation |
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| CN201710182151.7A CN106816067A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | Experimental provision for determining fluid pressure bulk temperature relation |
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ID=59115427
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Application publication date: 20170609 |