CN106813891B - Air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method - Google Patents
Air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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Abstract
Air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method, comprising the following steps: building electric airplane propeller ground experiment test macro；Trailer accelerates to steady state speed respectively with different acceleration, and continues for some time, and measures the pulling force, torque and motor speed of propeller；It keeps trailer speed constant, adjusts motor speed, measure the pulling force and torque of propeller；Analyze influence of the trailer speed variation to motor speed, the influence of trailer speed or motor speed change to propeller pulling force, torque.The invention has the advantages that trailer speed can be controlled accurately, and acting trailer system has compared with high acceleration, can change in test propeller forward speed, the dynamic response characteristic of propulsion system when simulation meets with prominent wind；By changing motor speed instruction, that is, it can measure the governor control characteristics of propeller electric propulsion system.It is tested suitable for low-speed electronic propeller aeroplane propulsion system dynamic response characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test methods, for testing low-speed electronic spiral shell
The governor control characteristics for revolving dynamic response characteristic and propulsion system that paddle aircraft propelling system is met with when dashing forward wind, belongs to aerodynamic
Technical field.
Background technique
For electric propeller aircraft in low-latitude flying, flying speed is lower under normal circumstances, when meeting with fitful wind, it is difficult to actively
Evade, after by fitful wind its load increment and dynamic flying characteristic variations clearly, seriously affect its flight attitude and
Malformation, or even cause safety accident.Propeller electric propulsion system as its power device paddle disk when meeting with prominent wind carries
Acute variation can occur for lotus, and propulsion system pulling force and torque can also vary widely, to the flight appearance of driving motor and aircraft
State is produced bigger effect with control.Therefore, fitful wind environment is simulated, it is special using the pulling force and torque of research technique research propulsion system
Property to motor designs and flight control have certain reference.
Conventional large-sized low-speed wind-tunnel can be used to test the aerodynamic characteristic of propeller, but be difficult to pass through wind in wind tunnel test
Fitful wind is simulated in the variation of speed, and wind tunnel test cost is costly；Ground on-vehicle test can flexible regulation speed, but vulnerable to
The interference of the factors such as external wind and ground road conditions, both methods are not suitable for propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic
Test.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, using domestic existing experimental condition, provides one
Kind air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method can measure propeller electric propulsion system and meet with fitful wind
When dynamic response characteristic and governor control characteristics.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
Air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method is provided, is included the following steps:
(1) electric airplane propeller ground experiment test macro, including the control of incoming flow simulation system, revolution speed of propeller are constructed
System, data measurin system and bracket；The incoming flow simulation system include experimental section, track, trailer and Trailer Car and
Control system；The experimental section is confined space；The track is parallel two-orbit, is fixed in experimental section；The trailer exists
Under the control of Trailer Car and control system, advance by command speed along track；Data measurin system includes two component days
Gentle data acquisition and control module；The pulling force and torque of the two weight balance measurement propeller are simultaneously sent to data acquisition control
Module；Data acquisition and control module acquires the pulling force and torque of two weight balance measurement, and exports；Revolution speed of propeller control system
Including motor, the motor is fixed on inside two weight balance, and motor output shaft end extends to outside two weight balance, described
Propeller is fixed on motor output shaft end, and rotation is driven by motor；Bracket is cantilever beam structure, and the rear end of cantilever beam structure is solid
It is scheduled on trailer headstock front end and extends forward, two weight balance is fixed on bracket front end；
(2) trailer rests in track starting point, and log-on data measuring system starts to measure trailer speed, motor speed, day
The pulling force and torque of flat output；
(3) start motor, drive propeller rotational, and be stabilized to initial speed；
(4) start trailer and be stabilized to initial velocity；
(5) keep motor input instruction constant, trailer accelerates to steady state speed respectively with different acceleration, and with stable state
Speed continues for some time, and measures the pulling force, torque and motor speed of propeller；
(6) it keeps trailer speed constant, adjusts motor speed, measure the pulling force and torque of propeller；
(7) ramp to stop closes motor；
(8) generate trailer speed, motor speed, pulling force and torque change with time relation curve, analyze trailer speed
Change the influence to motor speed, the influence of trailer speed or motor speed change to propeller pulling force, torque.
It preferably, further include that step (9) change initial speed value and steady state speed value, and return step (3).
Preferably, influence of the analysis trailer speed variation to motor speed specifically includes, and the size of trailer acceleration is to electricity
The influence of machine rotation speed change peak value and influence to rotation speed change recovery time.
Preferably, two weight balance is the hollow cylinder with an end face, and the motor coaxle is mounted on hollow circle
Cylindrical internal, fixed the end face has through-hole on the end surface, and motor output shaft extends to cylindrical body by the through-hole
Outside connects propeller.
Preferably, parallel two-orbit is arranged in the ground of the experimental section, and is rectangular recess between two tracks, groove
Width is greater than 3 times of airscrew diameter, and the height of groove is greater than airscrew diameter.
Preferably, data acquisition and control module includes speed measuring system, vehicle speed measurement system, control computer and data
Acquisition Processor；The speed measuring system detects motor speed, and is sent to data collection processor；The vehicle speed measurement system
Unified test amount trailer travel speed, and it is sent to data collection processor；The data collection processor acquires motor speed, trailer
Travel speed, pulling force and torque data, and it is sent to control computer；The control computer control is according to input instruction control
Motor speed receives the data that data collection processor is sent, stores data in memory, controls display real-time display
Test data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) present invention utilizes rail car trucks simulation test state, the lower forward speed of trailer and higher speed control
Precision can provide stable incoming flow environment for propeller, and test carries out in laboratory, not by the extraneous item such as personnel and wind
The interference of part, test section cross-sectional area is big, is easily obtained preferable flow field quality, can be realized propeller propulsion system and meets with battle array
The test of dynamic response characteristic when wind.
(2) present invention passes through the different acceleration of trailer, simulates the fitful wind of a variety of wind speed under a variety of initial velocities, Quan Mianfen
Analyse influence of the fitful wind to propeller propulsion system pulling force, torque, motor speed；
(3) present invention setting multiple groups trailer initial speed value and steady state speed value measure trailer speed to propeller comprehensively
The influence of propulsion system dynamic response characteristic；
(4) present invention can test the governor control characteristics of propeller electric propulsion system by adjusting motor speed；
(5) experimentation cost of the present invention is cheap, and measuring accuracy is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is near space propeller test system schematic；Wherein Fig. 1 (a) is the side view of propeller test macro；
The front view of Fig. 1 (b) propeller test macro；
Fig. 2 is propulsion system dynamic response characteristic curve when meeting with prominent wind；Wherein Fig. 2 (a) is trailer speed and propeller
Pulling force changes over time relation curve；Fig. 2 (b) is that motor speed and propeller torque change over time relation curve.
Fig. 3 propulsion system speed regulation characteristic；Wherein Fig. 3 (a) is that trailer speed and propeller pulling force change over time pass
It is curve；Fig. 3 (b) is that motor speed and propeller torque change over time relation curve.
Specific embodiment
Dynamic response characteristic experimental test implementation case when prominent wind is met with propeller electric propulsion system with reference to the accompanying drawing
The present invention will be further described for example:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (a) is propeller electric propulsion system test system side view, Fig. 1 (b) is front view.
Incoming flow simulation system, revolution speed of propeller control system, data measurin system and bracket；
The incoming flow simulation system includes experimental section 9, track 8, trailer 7 and Trailer Car and control system；It is described
Experimental section 9 is confined space；The track 8 is parallel two-orbit, is fixed in experimental section 9；The trailer 7 is powered in trailer
Under the control of system and control system, advance by command speed along track.
Data measurin system includes two weight balance 2 and data acquisition and control module 6；The two weight balance 2 measures spiral shell
The pulling force and torque of rotation paddle 1 are simultaneously sent to data acquisition and control module；Data acquisition and control module 6 acquires two weight balance measurement
Pulling force and torque, and export, data acquisition and control module uses DSP data collector.
Revolution speed of propeller control system includes motor 3, and the motor 3 is fixed on inside two weight balance 2, and motor 3 exports
Shaft end portion extends to outside two weight balance 2, and two weight balance 2 is hollow structure, and the motor 3 is coaxially mounted to two component days
It is flat internal, it is fixed on the front end face of two weight balance 3, the end face has through-hole, and motor output shaft is prolonged by the through-hole
It reaches outside end face, connects propeller 1, the propeller is fixed on motor output shaft end, rotation is driven by motor；Bracket 5
For cantilever beam structure, the rear end of cantilever beam structure is fixed on trailer headstock front end and extends forward, and two weight balance is fixed on branch
5 front end of frame.
Stent length is greater than 3m, is affixed to trailer chassis two sides by a strut respectively at left and right sides of the front end of bracket
On pillar 11；Strut 4 and the angle of horizontal direction are 25 °~40 °.
Rail car trucks control system, data acquisition and control module 6 are in rail car trucks driver's cabin, motor speed instruction control
System is integrated in data acquisition and control module 6.
Such as Fig. 1 (a), (b) shown in, a kind of electric airplane propeller ground experiment test macro will test chamber interior walls 10 as
Test section wall surface, test section cross section are in inverted "convex" shape, and the width of groove is greater than 3 times of airscrew diameter, the height of groove
Greater than airscrew diameter.Two track layings are placed on track in type groove edge, trailer 7, streamlined trailer head installation one
Root pole bracket 5 is fixed on one end on pole bracket far from headstock, motor with backed spoke type two weight balance support
It is coaxially connected with balance, tested propeller is directly installed on motor output shaft end.In test section 9 in still air, spiral
Paddle forward speed and revolving speed pass through controlling system of carriage respectively and electric machine controller accurately controls.
The dynamic response characteristic test procedure that electric propulsion system meets with prominent wind is as follows:
1) sampling starts；
2) motor accelerating sections；
3) motor speed stable section；
4) trailer is from stationary state to initial velocity V0Accelerating sections；
5) initial speed V0Stable section；
6) initial speed is to V0~V1Accelerating sections (simulate prominent wind)；
7)V1Speed stable section；
8) trailer service is braked to stationary state；
9) motor continues to keep stabilized (steady-state) speed；
10) motor is closed, and is terminated after lasting sampling a period of time.
Period 1) in, speed, motor speed, pulling force, the zero sample of torque equivalence are normal；Period 2) electricity
The revolving speed time changing curve of motivation give motor revolving speed control law (in order to shorten the response time, initial acceleration compared with
Greatly, as revolving speed is close to setting speed, acceleration reduces, to prevent speed overshoot, from speed curves as can be seen that sharing 4
Acceleration, acceleration are gradually reduced)；Period 4) trailer accelerator in, the pulling force and torque measured reduces；Period
5) it after undergoing a damped oscillation with 7) trailer speed, tends towards stability；Period 6) it is trailer accelerating sections, with trailer speed
Increase, propeller pulling force and torque decline, and motor speed is slowly increased, and trailer speed reaches V1, motor speed is also therewith
Reach peak value；Period 7) in, as trailer speed is stabilized to V1, motor speed slowly reduces, and is stabilized to setting speed, spiral shell
Rotation paddle pulling force and torque first reduce, after be stabilized to new steady s tate；Period 8)~9), trailer service parking, motor speed
First reduce, it is rear to be restored to setting speed again；Period 10), motor failure, propeller pulling force gradually decreases to 0 with revolving speed, turns round
Then moment is reduced to 0 to square, stops sampling after staying for some time.
Referring to Fig. 2, it can be seen that 1) motor speed accelerates to 360rpm from 0rpm and needs time about 13s；2) by prominent
Wind effect, the increased peak-peak of motor speed are 382rpm, deviate setting value 22rpm；3) after wind speed is stablized, motor is steady
Surely the response time about 3s for arriving setting value, embodies the dynamic response characteristic of propeller electric propulsion system.
Following table is trystate V0And V1The time average result of propeller pulling force and torque when stabilizing speed, and with it is right
The calculated result under wind speed is answered to be compared, it can be seen that V0And V1Time average result under speed under corresponding wind speed
Calculated result is coincide good.
Referring to Fig. 3, motor speed increases 50rpm, governing time 5.4s it can be seen that in loaded situation,
The time that propeller pulling force and torque tend towards stability is 6.09s, it can be seen that propulsion system governor control characteristics is good.
| Speed | Speed of incoming flow | Initial speed | Stabilized (steady-state) speed | Rotation speed change amount | Response time |
| 8.5 | 8.24 | 430 | 480 | +50 | 6.09 |
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) electric airplane propeller ground experiment test macro, including incoming flow simulation system, revolution speed of propeller control system are constructed
System, data measurin system and bracket；The incoming flow simulation system includes experimental section (9), track (8), trailer (7) and trailer power supply
System and control system；The experimental section (9) is confined space；The track (8) is parallel two-orbit, is fixed on experimental section
(9) in；The trailer advances under the control of Trailer Car and control system, by command speed along track (8)；Data are surveyed
Amount system includes two weight balance (2) and data acquisition and control module；The drawing of two weight balance (2) measurement propeller (1)
Power and torque are simultaneously sent to data acquisition and control module；Data acquisition and control module acquires the pulling force of two weight balance (2) measurement
And torque, and export；Revolution speed of propeller control system includes motor (3), and the motor (3) is fixed in two weight balance (2)
Portion, motor (3) output shaft end extend to two weight balance (2) outside, and the propeller (1) is fixed on motor (3) output shaft
End is driven by motor (3) and is rotated；Bracket (5) is cantilever beam structure, and the rear end of cantilever beam structure is fixed on trailer (7) headstock
Front end simultaneously extends forward, and two weight balance (2) is fixed on bracket (5) front end；
(2) trailer (7) rests in track starting point, and log-on data measuring system starts to measure trailer speed, motor speed, day
The pulling force and torque of flat output；
(3) start motor (3), driving propeller (1) rotation, and it is stabilized to initial speed；
(4) start trailer (7) and be stabilized to initial velocity；
(5) keep motor (3) input instruction constant, trailer (7) accelerates to steady state speed respectively with different acceleration, and with steady
State speed continues for some time, and measures pulling force, torque and motor (3) revolving speed of propeller (1)；
(6) trailer (7) constant airspeed is kept, motor (3) revolving speed is adjusted, measures the pulling force and torque of propeller (1)；
(7) ramp to stop is closed motor (3)；
(8) trailer speed is generated, motor speed, pulling force and torque change with time relation curve, analysis trailer speed variation
Influence to motor speed, the influence of trailer (7) speed or motor (3) rotation speed change to propeller (1) pulling force, torque.
2. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes step (9) and changes initial speed value and steady state speed value, and return step (3).
3. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that analysis
Influence of the trailer speed variation to motor speed specifically includes, influence of the size of trailer acceleration to motor speed change peak value
With the influence to rotation speed change recovery time.
4. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that two points
Measuring balance (2) is the hollow cylinder with an end face, and the motor (3) is coaxially mounted to hollow cylindrical, fixed
On the end surface, the end face has through-hole, and motor output shaft extends to cylindrical outer by the through-hole, connects spiral
Paddle (1).
5. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Parallel two-orbit (8) is arranged in the ground of experimental section, and is rectangular recess between two tracks, and it is straight that the width of groove is greater than propeller
The height of 3 times of diameter, groove is greater than airscrew diameter.
6. air propeller electric propulsion system dynamic response characteristic test method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that data
Acquisition control module includes speed measuring system, vehicle speed measurement system, control computer and data collection processor；The revolving speed
Measuring system detects motor (3) revolving speed, and is sent to data collection processor；Vehicle speed measurement system measurement trailer (7) row
Into speed, and it is sent to data collection processor；Described data collection processor acquisition motor (3) revolving speed, trailer (7) are advanced fast
Degree, pulling force and torque data, and it is sent to control computer；The control computer control instructs control motor according to input
(3) revolving speed receives the data that data collection processor is sent, stores data in memory, controls display real-time display
Test data.
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| CN110320005A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-11 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of submarine navigation device electric power propulsion system Performance Match test method |
| CN112504610A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | High-altitude propeller low-density wind tunnel test system and method |
| CN113734465B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-18 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Test bed for measuring aerodynamic performance of variable pitch propeller |
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