CN106806029A - 可降解器械以及在口腔修复中的应用 - Google Patents

可降解器械以及在口腔修复中的应用 Download PDF

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CN106806029A
CN106806029A CN201510876112.8A CN201510876112A CN106806029A CN 106806029 A CN106806029 A CN 106806029A CN 201510876112 A CN201510876112 A CN 201510876112A CN 106806029 A CN106806029 A CN 106806029A
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Shanghai Ruihao Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A61C8/0013Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy with a surface layer, coating
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0003Not used, see subgroups
    • A61C8/0004Consolidating natural teeth
    • A61C8/0006Periodontal tissue or bone regeneration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A61C8/0016Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy polymeric material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/60Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
    • A61K6/69Medicaments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/84Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising metals or alloys
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/884Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
    • A61K6/891Compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/884Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
    • A61K6/898Polysaccharides

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

一种可降解器械,其特征在于包括芯材和套体,套体采用生物可降解材料制成,套设于所述的芯材外。本发明提供的可降解器械可通过3D打印机快速制造,作为种植体用于拔牙后创伤修复和即时种植的实施。

Description

可降解器械以及在口腔修复中的应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植入型医疗器械,尤其涉及一种口腔种植体,包括生物可降解材料,适用于拔牙后即时种植和创伤修复。
背景技术
口腔种植体又称为牙种植体,还称为人工牙根。是通过外科手术的方式将其植入人体缺牙部位的上下颌骨内,待其手术伤口愈合后,在其上部安装修复假牙的装置。
目前已经出现了即拔即种的技术,如:CN201410817406.9所提供的牙种植体及其制造方法,可以实现即刻种植。就目前口腔医学的普遍认识,牙即拔即种技术适用于尚未出现炎症的患者。对于已经出现炎症的患者,通常需要进行止血和消炎,待稳定后,方能进行植入牙种植体。大多数情况下,由于牙齿出现严重,疼痛或酸痛较为严重时,患者方才前往医院或诊所就诊。在拔下病牙后,也难以即可进行植入牙种植体的手术。
因此,人们仍期待技术进步以帮助此类患者尽早恢复口腔功能。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种可降解器械,包括可降解的材料,以实现拔牙后的组织修复。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种植入体,采用可降解材料制造,以实现拔牙后即时种植和创伤修复。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种植入体,利于创伤修复,缩短手术周期,尽快恢复咀嚼功能。
本发明提供的一种可降解器械,包括芯材和套体,套体采用生物可降解材料制成,套设于芯材外。
芯材采用具有较高硬度的刚性材料,包括金属材料、聚酯材料和橡胶等。组成金属材料的物质包括金属单质,如:但不仅限于铁、铝和铜等,也包括由多种金属或金属与非金属组成的合金,如:钢、铝合金和钛合金等。
生物可降解材料如:但不仅限于胶原、明胶、琼脂、葡聚糖、透明质酸、壳聚糖及其衍生物、凝胶、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚己内酯、聚醚和聚碳酸酯,以及包括生物可降解材料的共聚物,如:聚乙二醇和聚乳酸形成的嵌段共聚物、聚乙二醇和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸形成的嵌段共聚物等。
本发明提供的可降解器械,可以植入拔牙后所形成的创伤牙坑内,实现拔牙后的组织修复,同时随着套体的降解,新生的牙槽骨覆于芯材表面生长,以使芯材与新生的牙槽骨紧密结合形成一体。
柔软的套体一方面便于置于牙坑内,并与牙坑内腔配合,另一方面可防止芯材对创伤组织造成损害。
具有较高硬度的刚性材料制成的芯材,能为牙坑提供支撑,防止临近的牙齿倾倒或坍塌。
芯材和套体均可通过3D打印技术快速制成牙种植体,不仅实现拔牙后创口的修复,也完成了牙种植体的植入。
本发明提供的一种植入体,用于拔牙后即时种植和创伤修复,包括牙种植体和套体。套体采用生物可降解材料制成,套设于作为的芯材的牙种植体外。
拔牙后,在牙坑坑底还形成凝血块。为此,套体的一端还设置缺口,防止在牙种植体置入牙坑后,对凝血块造成破坏。
为了帮助骨的生长,在套体的材料内还加入骨形态发生蛋白
为了对创伤实施消炎,防止感染,在套体的材料内还加入抑菌剂如:但不仅限于纳米银、杀菌肽、碘和抗生素等。
附图说明
图1为现有牙种植体一实施例的结构示意图;
图2为本发明牙种植体一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图详细描述本发明的技术方案。本发明实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。
图1为现有牙种植体100,以其为芯材,将套体200套设于牙种植体100外形成本发明种植体,参见图2。牙种植体100和套体200均可通过3D技术制造。比如:分别打印牙种植体100和套体200,再进行装配;再如:将牙种植体100和套体200组成的植入体通过3D打印一并制造。
如图2所示,本实施例提供的套体,其一端还设置缺口210,防止在牙种植体置入牙坑后,对凝血块造成破坏。
本实施例提供的种植体不仅适用于尚未出现炎症患者进行牙齿即拔即种,更能满足已出现炎症的患者,在拔牙后进行即拔即种手术。随着由柔性的生物可降解材料制成的套体的不断降解,新的牙槽骨得以生长,并逐渐覆于芯材表面,使得牙种植体能与新生的牙槽骨形成一体,保证骨质的完整和不受破坏。由此,缩短了手术周期,在牙种植体上安装义齿即可使咀嚼功能得以尽快恢复。

Claims (13)

1.一种可降解器械,其特征在于包括芯材和套体,套体采用生物可降解材料制成,套设于所述的芯材外。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的芯材采用具有较高硬度的刚性材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的芯材为金属材料、聚酯材料和橡胶之一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的芯材为合金材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的芯材为牙种植体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的生物可降解材料为胶原、明胶、琼脂、葡聚糖、透明质酸、壳聚糖及其衍生物、凝胶、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚己内酯、聚醚、聚碳酸酯、聚乙二醇和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸形成的嵌段共聚物,以及聚乙二醇和聚乳酸形成的嵌段共聚物之一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的套体包括缺口。
8.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于还包括缺口,其设于所述套体的一端。
9.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征在于所述的套体内还包括骨形态发生蛋白。
10.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征于所述的套体内还包括抑菌剂。
11.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械,其特征于所述的套体内还包括纳米银、杀菌肽、碘和抗生素之一种或几种。
12.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械用于制造拔牙创口修复。
13.根据权利要求1所述的可降解器械作为植入体用于即拔即种手术。
CN201510876112.8A 2015-12-02 2015-12-02 可降解器械以及在口腔修复中的应用 Pending CN106806029A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110742705A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-02-04 西安交通大学 一种填充可降解陶瓷多孔超短种植体及其制备方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102548589A (zh) * 2009-04-22 2012-07-04 友和安股份公司 生物可降解植入物及其制备方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102548589A (zh) * 2009-04-22 2012-07-04 友和安股份公司 生物可降解植入物及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110742705A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-02-04 西安交通大学 一种填充可降解陶瓷多孔超短种植体及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20170609