CN106803227A - A kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data - Google Patents
A kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, comprise the following steps：1st, basic data is gathered；2nd, per capital living areas, area of obtaining employment per capita are calculated；3rd, inhabitation number and employment volume in the range of the 500m of each bus station are calculated along certain public bus network；4th, early each website of evening peak is obtained to get on the bus number and the ratio of the number of getting off；5th, calculate that each website maximum possible along public transport gets on the bus number and maximum possible is got off number；6th, determine that each website is got on the bus number or number of getting off, and calculate that each website is got off number or number of getting on the bus in proportion；7th, the number that each website is got on the bus is prorated to stations downstream point, calculates the OD amounts between each website；8th, the ratio of getting on or off the bus is adjusted, checked.The method does not enter the cumbersome problem that only can preferably solve that bus passenger flow OD is obtained by manual research, and applicability is ideal, with practical value very high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to traffic programme field, and in particular to a kind of public transport OD analysis methods of main volume of the flow of passengers.
Background technology
In recent years, urban public transport development has become one of most important part of urban development, and bus is public
The important component of traffic, it is that the main of urban public transport development need solution is asked reasonably to carry out public bus network planning
Topic.
Bus passenger flow OD (Original Destination) is urban traffic control, planning department to public bus network tune
Whole, line network optimization, website layout optimize the basic information of configuration, and it effectively obtains the Correlative plan and tune for public transport
It is whole to be extremely important.
And the acquisition methods of traditional public transport OD need to provide public transport form in each website of the whole city, by passenger according to itself
Situation fills in pick-up time, website and time getting off and website, and related public transport OD numbers are analyzed and processed out by reclaiming investigation form
According to.This method needs to consume substantial amounts of manpower and materials, and data update slow, and the complexity due to filling up a form and passenger
Degree of cooperation, there is suitable influence for the accuracy of data, sample is bigger, and its accuracy may be lower.
Though having scholar at present calculates public transport OD information using IC-card brushing card data, this kind of method exists many uncertain
Factor, rate of such as swiping the card is not high, can not accurately obtain the website information of passenger getting off car so that the public transport OD precisions of information of reckoning are not
It is high.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to effectively obtain public transport OD information, the invention discloses a kind of public transport OD of the main volume of the flow of passengers points
Analysis method, so as to for traffic administration, planning department decision-making Public transport network planning and adjustment provide important evidence, maximize and play public
The advantage of common traffic.
Technical scheme：A kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, including it is as follows
Step：
A kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, comprise the following steps：
(1) basic data, including following four steps are gathered；
Firstth, the resident population N in city is obtained1, job number N2, residential land area S1, commercial and industrial ground
Product S2；
Secondth, investigation centered on the bus station i on public bus network, 500m as radius in residential land area
S1i, commercial and industrial land area S2i；
3rd, by public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, morning peak 7 is obtained:00-9:00 and evening peak 17:00-19:It is public during 00
Car is handed in the corresponding average stopping time of each websiteRefer specifically to closing of bus
Time difference between door；
4th, the city is obtained by Vehicular video data to get on the bus per capita speedVehicle speed is descended per capita
(2) the city per capital living areas are calculatedObtain employment per capita area
(3) for public bus network L, calculate respectively centered on each bus station i along public bus network L, 500m is half
Lived in the range of footpath numberAnd employment volume
(4) each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to first and last bus station is calculated in morning peak 7:00-9:00
Period gets on or off the bus number ratioEvening peak 17:00-19:Get on or off the bus during 00 number ratioWherein, bupiThe number that expression is got on the bus in bus station i, bdowniWhat expression was got off in bus station i
Number；In addition, initial station bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:Ratio of getting on or off the bus during 00
Example is set as 1:0, terminal bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:Getting on or off the bus during 00
Ratio is set as 0:1；
(5) each bus station of L i maximum possible along public transport is calculated to get on the bus numberGot off with maximum possible
Number
(6) determine each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to first and last bus station in morning as follows
Peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:Get on the bus number and number of getting off during 00：
In morning peak 7:00-9:During 00, if A1i≥A2i, then number is got on the bus more than number of getting off, choosing in bus station i
Take the n in step (5)upiIt is the number of getting on the bus of bus station i, i.e., in the number b that gets on the bus of bus station iupi=nupi, under reckoning
Car numberIf A1i<A2i, then number is got off more than number of getting on the bus in bus station i, in selecting step (5)
ndowniIt is the number of getting off of bus station i, i.e., in the number b that gets off of bus station idowni=ndowni, calculate number of getting on the bus
In evening peak 17:00-19:During 00, if A1i≥A2i, then number is got off more than number of getting on the bus in bus station i,
N in selecting step (5)downiIt is the number of getting off of website i, i.e., in the number b that gets off of bus station idowni=ndowni, calculate
Get on the bus numberIf A1i<A2i, then number is got on the bus more than get off number, selecting step (5) in bus station i
In nupiIt is the number of getting on the bus of bus station i, i.e., in the number b that gets on the bus of bus station iupi=nupi, calculate number of getting off
In addition, initial station bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:The people that gets on the bus during 00
Number bup1=nup1, number of getting off is 0；Terminal bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:00 phase
Between number of getting on the bus for 0, number of getting off bdownn=ndownn；
(7) it is first according to following formula getting on the bus each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to the bus station of initial station
Number bupiBus station i+m downstream is assigned to, the OD amounts between each website are calculated：
Above-mentioned assigning process is substantially the ratio formed according to the downstream website number of getting off and carries out；
Following constraints is met in assigning process：
bdown2=b1→2, bdowni+m=bi→i+m+bi+1→i+1+...+bi+m-1→i+1
Then the OD amounts between initial station bus station and remaining each bus station i are solved according to the following formula：
b1→i=bdowni-b2→i-...-bi-1→i
Wherein, n is master station's points of public bus network L；
(8) the OD amounts distributed in step (7) are rounded：
Wherein,It is the function that rounds up；
(9) data of month are counted, then the ratio of getting on or off the bus is adjusted, is checked, make the two overall balance, then
Gained OD amounts are averaged, the main OD volumes of the flow of passengers of public bus network L are obtained.
Beneficial effect：
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：It is of the invention to obtain public transport according to manual research with existing
The method of passenger flow OD is compared, and saves a large amount of manpower and materials, and investigation precision is higher；The present invention effectively utilizes public transport vehicle-mounted GPS numbers
According to the bus parking time is obtained, upper (lower) car number is obtained using property with reference to bus station's surrounding ground, according to the number of getting on or off the bus
Ratio extrapolates main passenger flow public transport OD amounts.Vehicle GPS data acquisition is easily reliable, and research method simplicity is easily achieved；It is required
Vehicle-mounted GPS equipment is the device being had been provided with existing bus, is not required to spend extra charge, and the method implementation is strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 2 is Nanjing bus routes and website distribution map in example.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated.
As shown in figure 1, the flow chart of the public transport OD analysis methods for the main volume of the flow of passengers disclosed by the invention.
The ruuning situation of the present embodiment selection Nanjing public bus network morning peak period is the research object of invention, should
Route has 5 bus stations, as shown in Figure 2.By the collection of early stage basic data, obtain each in the range of each website 500m
The ratio of individual website inhabitation number and employment volume, namely morning peak is got on the bus the ratio between number and the number of getting off, and first and last station need not
Consider the ratio, concrete numerical value such as table 1 below.GPS device is installed on the bus for participating in detection, the gps data hair for collecting
Be sent to information processor, during obtaining morning peak interior bus in the average value of the berthing time of same website as the website
Average stopping time, record in table 1.This example to calculate succinct and reducing error, take and round up by intermediate computations step
Calculation, actually calculate in only finally need to calculate OD when round.
According to bus each website average stopping timeVehicle speed is gone up per capita in Nanjing
Upper and lower vehicle speed per capitaAccording toWithCalculate each website maximum possible
Number of getting on the bus and number of getting off, record in table 1.
Table 1
| Website 1 | Website 2 | Website 3 | Website 4 | Website 5 | |
| Each website average stopping time (second) | 48 | 35 | 30 | 25 | 30 |
| - | 8:2 | 3:7 | 2:8 | - | |
| 1:0 | 8:2 | 3:7 | 2:8 | 0:1 | |
| Maximum possible up/down car number | 24/0 | 18/19 | 15/17 | 13/14 | 0/17 |
| Each website up/down car number | 24/0 | 18/5 | 7/17 | 4/14 | 0/17 |
In the range of the 500m of each bus station it can be seen from the ratio of inhabitation number and employment volume, bus station 2 takes most
Greatly may the number of getting on the bus be the bus station number of getting on the bus, bus station 3 and bus station 4 take the maximum possible number of getting off and are
The number of getting off of correspondence bus station.The number that then bus station 2 is got off
The number that bus station 3 is got on the bus isThe number that bus station 4 is got on the bus is
The number that each bus station is got on the bus is prorated to each website of downstream, and meets certain constraints.Then b4→5
=4 people, The volume of the flow of passengers that initial station bus station is assigned to other each websites takes that " get off visitor
Flow is kept in balance " principle calculate.b1→2=5 people, b1→3=bdown3-b2→3=17-6=11 people, b1→4=14-4-6=4
People, b1→5=17-4-3-6=4 people.Final result is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
Upper and lower vehicle flowrate sum is equal in the example, if there is situation about not waiting, can by counting one week in it is early
The data of evening peak, then carry out ratio adjustment, check, and make the two overall balance, finally give the main of public bus network
The OD volumes of the flow of passengers.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of public transport OD analysis methods of the main volume of the flow of passengers based on public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step：
(1) basic data, including following four steps are gathered；
Firstth, the resident population N in city is obtained1, job number N2, residential land area S1, commercial and industrial land area S2；
Secondth, investigation centered on the bus station i on public bus network, 500m as radius in residential land area S1i、
Commercial and industrial land area S2i；
3rd, by public transport vehicle-mounted gps data, morning peak 7 is obtained:00-9:00 and evening peak 17:00-19:00 period bus
In the corresponding average stopping time of each website
4th, the city is obtained by Vehicular video data to get on the bus per capita speedVehicle speed is descended per capita
(2) the city per capital living areas are calculatedObtain employment per capita area
(3) for public bus network L, calculate respectively centered on each bus station i along public bus network L, 500m be radius model
Enclose interior inhabitation numberAnd employment volume
(4) each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to first and last bus station is calculated in morning peak 7:00-9:During 00
Number of getting on or off the bus ratioEvening peak 17:00-19:Get on or off the bus during 00 number ratio
Wherein, bupiThe number that expression is got on the bus in bus station i, bdowniThe number that expression is got off in bus station i；In addition, initial station public transport
Website is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:The ratio of getting on or off the bus during 00 is set as 1:0, terminal is public
Website is handed in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:The ratio of getting on or off the bus during 00 is set as 0:1；
(5) each bus station of L i maximum possible along public transport is calculated to get on the bus numberGot off number with maximum possible
(6) determine each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to first and last bus station in morning peak as follows
7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:Get on the bus number and number of getting off during 00：
In morning peak 7:00-9:During 00, if A1i≥A2i, then in the number b that gets on the bus of bus station iupi=nupi, number of getting offIf A1i<A2i, then in the number b that gets off of bus station idowni=ndowni, number of getting on the bus
In evening peak 17:00-19:During 00, if A1i≥A2i, then in the number b that gets off of bus station idowni=ndowni, get on the bus
NumberIf A1i<A2i, then in the number b that gets on the bus of bus station iupi=nupi, number of getting off
In addition, initial station bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:Number of getting on the bus during 00
bup1=nup1, number of getting off is 0；Terminal bus station is in morning peak 7:00-9:With evening peak 17 during 00:00-19:During 00
Number of getting on the bus for 0, number of getting off bdownn=ndownn；
(7) following formula is first according to by the number of getting on the bus of each bus station i along public bus network L in addition to the bus station of initial station
bupiBus station i+m downstream is assigned to, the OD amounts between each website are calculated：
Following constraints is met in assigning process：
bdown2=b1→2, bdowni+m=bi→i+m+bi+1→i+1+...+bi+m-1→i+1
Then the OD amounts between initial station bus station and remaining each bus station i are solved according to the following formula：b1→i=bdowni-
b2→i-...-bi-1→i
Wherein, n is master station's points of public bus network L；
(8) the OD amounts distributed in step (7) are rounded：
Wherein,It is the function that rounds up；
(9) data of month are counted, then the ratio of getting on or off the bus are adjusted, are checked, make the two overall balance,
Then gained OD amounts are averaged, obtains the main OD volumes of the flow of passengers of public bus network L.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108197078A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-22 | 长安大学 | A kind of method that the public transport section volume of the flow of passengers is calculated based on Based on Bus IC Card Data |
| CN110444009A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 芝麻开门网络信息股份有限公司 | A kind of expressway wagon flow forecasting system based on Internet of Things |
| CN110444010A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 芝麻开门网络信息股份有限公司 | A kind of expressway wagon flow prediction technique based on Internet of Things |
-
2017
- 2017-01-25 CN CN201710055757.4A patent/CN106803227A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108197078A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-22 | 长安大学 | A kind of method that the public transport section volume of the flow of passengers is calculated based on Based on Bus IC Card Data |
| CN108197078B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-12-14 | 长安大学 | Method for calculating bus section passenger flow based on bus IC card data |
| CN110444009A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 芝麻开门网络信息股份有限公司 | A kind of expressway wagon flow forecasting system based on Internet of Things |
| CN110444010A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 芝麻开门网络信息股份有限公司 | A kind of expressway wagon flow prediction technique based on Internet of Things |
| CN110444010B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2022-01-21 | 广州智丰设计研发有限公司 | Expressway traffic flow prediction method based on Internet of things |
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