CN106802397A - The laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically - Google Patents
The laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically Download PDFInfo
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- CN106802397A CN106802397A CN201611186962.6A CN201611186962A CN106802397A CN 106802397 A CN106802397 A CN 106802397A CN 201611186962 A CN201611186962 A CN 201611186962A CN 106802397 A CN106802397 A CN 106802397A
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- laser
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- absorption chamber
- magnetometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses the laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically, it includes light module and electronic building brick, light module is made up of semiconductor laser tube, plated film Cs atom absorption chamber and photoelectric cell, and electronic building brick is made up of Laser Driven, TEC drivings, microprocessor, counter, phase shifter and temperature controller.Light module and electronic building brick constitute laser frequency locking closed loop and self-oscillation loop, after laser frequency locking closed loop locking laser frequency, self-oscillation loop starts and signal output frequency is directly proportional to external magnetic field.Maximum feature of the invention is that the sensitivity of magnetometer is improved using semiconductor laser tube and plated film Cs atom absorption chamber, in the case of without expanding, focusing on microscope group, magnetometer sensitivity is up to 0.6pT/ √ Hz, can continuously be worked in 20000nT 70000nT range abilities, the diameter of whole light module is no more than 26mm, of length no more than 70mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic spy technical field, more particularly to the laser caesium optical pumping atomic magnetic force that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically
Instrument.
Background technology
Magnetic field is ubiquitous, greatly to cosmic space, galaxy, black hole, fixed star, planet, it is small to biologic-organ, electronic chip,
All there is magnetic field in atom.Magnetometer is a kind of measurable its present position magnetic field value, magnetic field gradient, magnetic dip angle, the instrument of magnetic declination
Device, can be used for exploration geology, mineral products, ancient site, detect metal product internal flaw, detect magnetic anomaly target etc. under water.Russia sieve
This once used the earthquake of magnetometer successful predicting, significant to prevention disaster, and highly sensitive magnetometer can be used to examine
Disconnected brain and heart disease.Magnetometer can be divided into flux-gate magnetometer, proton-precession magnetometer, atom magnetometer, super by principle
Magnetometer etc. is led, their static sensitivity is respectively 0.1nT/ √ Hz, 50pT/ √ Hz, pT/ √ Hz, fT/ √ Hz magnitudes.Its
In, atom magnetometer has the advantage that small volume, sensitivity are high, work in normal temperature, can be widely applied to space flight, aviation, ocean
Deng field.
Caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer is by measuring Cs133Nonmagnetic atom is away from the precession frequency in magnetic field so as to calculate magnetic
The instrument of field value.To an atomic system, when there is magnetostatic field B, nonmagnetic atom carries out precession away from around magnetic direction, and precession is frequently
Rate is WL=rB, wherein r=3.498577, are Cs133The gyromagnetic ratio of atom.As long as measuring the precession frequency W of atomL, so that it may
Calculate magnetic field value B.In order to measure the precession frequency W of atomL, wavelength 894.6nm light is by Cs atom pumping in Atomic absorption room
To after high level, the precession phase of radio-frequency driven Cs atom is consistent so as to produce the magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance to have modulating action to light intensity,
So the light intensity change frequency as atom precession frequency W that photo-detector is detectedL。
Laser has the advantages that line width, small power consumption, coherence are good, is remarkably improved the sensitivity of caesium optical pumped magnetometer.
With laser as light source, with Cs133For the laser caesium optical pumped magnetometer of working media have simple structure, stable performance, small volume,
The characteristics of small power consumption, sensitivity high, blank product is still belonged at home.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of that prior art is present, and provide the laser caesium that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically
Optical pumping atom magnetometer.
The purpose of the present invention is completed by following technical solution, and the laser caesium optical pumping that this wavelength is locked automatically is former
Sub- magnetometer, it includes light module and electronic building brick, by cable connection between light module and electronic building brick, the spectrum
Component includes semiconductor laser tube, polarizer, wave plate, Cs atom absorption chamber and photo-detector, and semiconductor laser tube is by laser core
Piece, thermistor and TEC chips are formed without magnetic encapsulation, and Cs atom absorbs chamber outer wall and posts thermistor, and outside is wound with twisted-pair feeder
There is insulating materials to isolate between heating coil and radio-frequency coil, and two coils；Semiconductor laser tube launches laser, through polarizer and ripple
Turn into circularly polarized light after piece, then photo-detector is irradiated through Cs atom absorption chamber, after being modulated by the Cs atom of magnetic resonance state and produce
Photosignal is exported；The electronic building brick include TEC drivings, Laser Driven, microprocessor, counter, phase shifter, temperature controller and
Amplifier, microprocessor is driven by TEC and Laser Driven controls the output wavelength of semiconductor laser tube continuously to change, and according to
The relation of wavelength and photosignal by wavelength locking on the D1 lines of Cs atom after, start phase shifter, radio-frequency coil, Cs atom and inhale
Receive the self-oscillation loop starts that room, photo-detector, amplifier and microprocessor are constituted, self-oscillation loop output to meter
The signal frequency of number device is directly proportional to external magnetic field, and signal frequency is magnetic field value with the ratio of gyromagnetic ratio；Temperature controller controls caesium
The temperature of Atomic absorption room.
The centre wavelength of the semiconductor laser tube transmitting laser is 894.6nm.
The Cs atom absorption chamber is not more than 25.4mm, the length no more than cylinder of 25.4mm and inwall has plating for diameter
Film.
The microprocessor and TEC drivings, Laser Driven, semiconductor laser tube, Cs atom absorption chamber, photo-detector and put
Big device constitutes laser frequency locking closed loop, and self-excitation is constituted with phase shifter, radio-frequency coil, Cs atom absorption chamber, photo-detector and amplifier
Concussion loop.
The magnetic direction of the Cs atom absorption chamber external radio frequency coil is parallel with optical axis.
Using the good laser of line width, coherence as pump light and detection light, atom relaxation time plated film caesium long is former
Sub- absorption chamber improves the sensitivity of magnetometer as magnetic resonance generator.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Sensitivity of the present invention, can be in 20000nT-70000nT ranges up to 0.6pT/ √ Hz
In the range of continuously work, the diameter of whole light module is no more than 26mm, of length no more than 70mm；It has simple structure, property
The characteristics of energy stabilization, small volume, small power consumption, sensitivity high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is outline drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is semiconductor laser tube structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is Cs atom absorption chamber outer coil figuration schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is laser tube temperature control structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is Cs atom absorption chamber temperature controller structural representation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but does not limit present invention.
Refering to Fig. 1, the present invention is made up of light module 1 and electronic building brick 2, between pass through cable connection.
Refering to Fig. 2, in smooth module 1 of the invention, the transmitting laser of semiconductor laser tube 3, after polarizer 4 and wave plate 5
Photo-detector 7 is irradiated as circularly polarized light, then through Cs atom absorption chamber 6, after being modulated by the Cs atom of magnetic resonance state produce light
Electric signal output.
In the electronic building brick 2, TEC drives 8, Laser Driven 9, microprocessor 10, counter 11, phase shifter 12, temperature control
Device 13 and amplifier 14, microprocessor 10 drive the output wavelength company of 8 and the control semiconductor laser tube 3 of Laser Driven 9 by TEC
It is continuous to change, and according to the relation of wavelength and photosignal by wavelength locking on the D1 lines of Cs atom after, start phase shifter 12, penetrate
The self-oscillation loop that frequency coil 63, Cs atom absorption chamber 6, photo-detector 7, amplifier 14 and microprocessor 10 are constituted starts work
Make, the signal frequency that self-oscillation loop is exported to counter 11 is directly proportional to external magnetic field, the ratio of signal frequency and gyromagnetic ratio
Value is magnetic field value.
Refering to Fig. 3, semiconductor laser tube 3 is formed by laser chip 31, thermistor 32 and TEC chips 33 without magnetic encapsulation.
Refering to Fig. 4, the outer wall of Cs atom absorption chamber 6 posts thermistor 61, and outside is wound with twisted-pair feeder heating coil 62 and penetrates
There is insulating materials to isolate between frequency coil 63, and two coils.
Refering to Fig. 5, in electronic building brick of the invention 2, TEC drives current value of the measurement by thermistor 32, so as to control
TEC current values processed, reach the purpose of thermostatic control semiconductor laser tube 3.
Refering to Fig. 6, in electronic building brick of the invention 2, temperature-control circuit 13 is made up of analog computing amplifier, by around
Make the heating Cs atom of twisted-pair feeder heating coil 62 absorption chamber 6 outside Cs atom absorption chamber 6 so that heated current magnetic field is supported
Disappear.The outer wall of Cs atom absorption chamber 6 posts thermistor 61, and the integrating circuit being made up of amplifier is measured by thermistor 61
Current value, so as to control the alternating current amplitude of twisted-pair feeder heating coil, reaches the purpose of thermostatic control Cs atom absorption chamber 6.
Embodiment
The present embodiment modulates light intensity as general principle with magnetic resonance Cs atom absorption chamber, with semiconductor laser tube and plated film caesium
Atomic absorption room is key element, designs product-level laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer.The device is by light module 1 and electricity
Sub-component 2 is constituted, and the transmitting of semiconductor laser tube 3 laser, turns into circularly polarized light after polarizer 4 and wave plate 5 in light module 1,
Irradiating photo-detector 7 again through Cs atom absorption chamber 6, after being modulated by the Cs atom of magnetic resonance state produces photosignal to export.Electricity
TEC in sub-component 2 drives 8, Laser Driven 9, microprocessor 10, counter 11, phase shifter 12, temperature controller 13 and amplifier
14, microprocessor 10 controls the output wavelength of semiconductor laser tube 3 continuously to change by TEC drivings 8 and Laser Driven 9, and root
According to wavelength and photosignal relation by wavelength locking on the D1 lines of Cs atom after, start phase shifter 12, radio-frequency coil 63, caesium
The self-oscillation loop starts that Atomic absorption room 6, photo-detector 7, amplifier 14 and microprocessor 10 are constituted, self-oscillation
The signal frequency that loop is exported to counter 11 is directly proportional to external magnetic field, and signal frequency is magnetic field with the ratio of gyromagnetic ratio
Value.
Refering to Fig. 1-2, the present embodiment light module 1 includes that semiconductor laser tube 3, polarizer 4, wave plate 5, Cs atom absorb
Room 6 and photo-detector 7；Electronic building brick 2 include TEC drive 8, Laser Driven 9, microprocessor 10, counter 11, phase shifter 12,
Temperature controller 13 and amplifier 14.Specific implementation is as follows：
Semiconductor laser tube 3：Formed without magnetic encapsulation by laser chip, thermistor and TEC chips.Laser chip is by laser
Driver injection electric current, can realize population inversion between band, when the electronics in population inversion state and hole-recombination,
Stimulated radiation is produced, the laser of centre wavelength 894.6nm is sent.Thermistor is used to measure the temperature of laser chip, TEC chips
The temperature that laser chip is adjusted under the control that TEC drives is at constant temperature, plays a part of wavelength stabilization and power.
Polarizer 4：The laser that semiconductor laser tube 3 sends is become into linearly polarized laser.
Wave plate 5：Linearly polarized laser is become into circularly polarized laser.
Cs atom absorption chamber 6：It is designed as diameter no more than 25.4mm, the length no more than cylindrical glass container of 20mm.
Cs atom absorption chamber is the magnetic resonance generation part of magnetometer, and the atom relaxation time wherein is more long, the sensitivity of magnetometer
It is higher.Atomic absorption chamber interior walls are coated with molecular film, can allow just to lose it and spin after atom is rebuffed 4000 times to be concerned with, and increased
In the relaxation time of atom, the sensitivity of magnetometer can be greatly improved.Cs atom absorption chamber outer wall posts thermistor and is used to measure
The temperature of absorption chamber.Heating coil is wound with outside Cs atom absorption chamber, to eliminate the magnetic field influence of heated current, using twisted-pair feeder
Mode coiling, and alternating current is passed to, there is insulating materials to isolate outside heating coil, insulating materials is around with radio-frequency coil, makees
It is the signal input in self-oscillation loop.
Photo-detector 7：Convert optical signals into electric signal.Photo-detector is the silicon substrate of wavelength detection scope 350-1100nm
Detector and there is response higher in wavelength 896nm.
TEC in electronic building brick 2 drives 8 to be used to measure the current value of thermistor 32, and the electricity of TEC chips 33 is controlled accordingly
Stream amplitude, reaches the purpose of thermostatic control laser chip 31.
Refering to Fig. 5, the Laser Driven 9 in electronic building brick 2 is used to for the Injection Current of laser chip 31 so that its transmitting laser.
Refering to Fig. 6, the temperature controller 13 in electronic building brick 2 is made up of analog computing amplifier, is inhaled with thermistor, Cs atom
The twisted-pair feeder heating coil for receiving room 6 constitutes negative-feedback circuit, according to the electricity of the current value adjustment heating coil by thermistor
Stream size, reaches the purpose of thermostatic control Cs atom absorption chamber.In order to offset heated current magnetic field, heating coil uses twisted-pair feeder
Coiling and pass to alternating current.
It is understood that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that being subject to technical scheme and inventive concept
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention should all be belonged to replacement or change.
Claims (4)
1. the laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically, it is characterised in that：It includes light module (1) and electricity
Sub-component (2), by cable connection between light module (1) and electronic building brick (2), the smooth module (1) is including semiconductor
Laser tube (3), polarizer (4), wave plate (5), Cs atom absorption chamber (6) and photo-detector (7), semiconductor laser tube (3) is by swashing
Optical chip (31), thermistor (32) and TEC chips (33) are formed without magnetic encapsulation, and Cs atom absorption chamber (6) outer wall posts temperature-sensitive
Resistance (61), outside is wound with twisted-pair feeder heating coil (62) and radio-frequency coil (63), and has insulating materials to isolate between two coils；Half
Conductor Laser pipe (3) launches laser, and circularly polarized light is turned into after polarizer (4) and wave plate (5), then through Cs atom absorption chamber (6),
Photo-detector (7) is irradiated after being modulated by the Cs atom of magnetic resonance state and produces photosignal output；The electronic building brick (2) includes
TEC drives (8), Laser Driven (9), microprocessor (10), counter (11), phase shifter (12), temperature controller (13) and amplifier
(14), microprocessor (10) drives (8) and Laser Driven (9) to control the output wavelength of semiconductor laser tube (3) continuous by TEC
Change, and according to the relation of wavelength and photosignal by wavelength locking on the D1 lines of Cs atom after, start phase shifter (12), penetrate
The self-oscillation that frequency coil (63), Cs atom absorption chamber (6), photo-detector (7), amplifier (14) and microprocessor (10) are constituted
Loop starts, the signal frequency that self-oscillation loop is exported to counter (11) is directly proportional to external magnetic field, signal frequency
Ratio with gyromagnetic ratio is magnetic field value；The temperature of temperature controller (13) control Cs atom absorption chamber (6).
2. the laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that wavelength according to claim 1 is locked automatically, it is characterised in that：Described half
The centre wavelength of conductor Laser pipe (3) transmitting laser is 894.6nm.
3. the laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that wavelength according to claim 1 is locked automatically, it is characterised in that：The caesium
Atomic absorption room (6) is not more than 25.4mm, the length no more than cylinder of 25.4mm and inwall has plated film for diameter.
4. the laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that wavelength according to claim 1 is locked automatically, it is characterised in that：It is described micro-
Processor (10) drives (8), Laser Driven (9), semiconductor laser tube (3), Cs atom absorption chamber (6), photo-detector with TEC
(7) and amplifier (14) constitute laser frequency locking closed loop, with phase shifter (12), radio-frequency coil (63), Cs atom absorption chamber (6), light
Detector (7) and amplifier (14) constitute self-oscillation loop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611186962.6A CN106802397A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | The laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically |
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| CN201611186962.6A CN106802397A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | The laser caesium optical pumping atom magnetometer that a kind of wavelength is locked automatically |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109765507A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一0研究所 | A kind of auto-excitation type laser light pump magnetometer system based on biabsorption room |
| WO2019127840A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 清华大学 | Cesium optically pumped detector specialized for buried abandoned japanese chemical weapons |
| CN110764031A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Heating and radio frequency integrated assembly for optical pumping magnetometer |
| CN110764032A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radio frequency film for optical pump magnetometer |
| CN112557971A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | High-sensitivity laser optical pump magnetometer and design method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019127840A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 清华大学 | Cesium optically pumped detector specialized for buried abandoned japanese chemical weapons |
| US10571532B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2020-02-25 | Tsinghua University | Cesium optical pump detector for buried and abandoned chemical weapons |
| CN109765507A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一0研究所 | A kind of auto-excitation type laser light pump magnetometer system based on biabsorption room |
| CN110764031A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Heating and radio frequency integrated assembly for optical pumping magnetometer |
| CN110764032A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radio frequency film for optical pump magnetometer |
| CN110764032B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-08-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radio frequency film for optical pump magnetometer |
| CN112557971A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | High-sensitivity laser optical pump magnetometer and design method |
| CN112557971B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-03 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | High-sensitivity laser optical pump magnetometer and design method |
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