CN106792265B - Network real-time streaming media transmission method and system - Google Patents
Network real-time streaming media transmission method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106792265B CN106792265B CN201710018892.1A CN201710018892A CN106792265B CN 106792265 B CN106792265 B CN 106792265B CN 201710018892 A CN201710018892 A CN 201710018892A CN 106792265 B CN106792265 B CN 106792265B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
- H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
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Abstract
The invention provides a network real-time streaming media transmission method and a system, wherein the system comprises a sending module and a receiving module, the sending module is used for packaging all audio and video data segments from an audio and video encoder into data packets, arranging all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array, and encoding the effective load in the data packet of each dimension in the multi-dimensional data array to obtain a plurality of encoding packets, wherein the encoding packets comprise data packets and check codes; the receiving module is used for receiving the coding packets from the sending module, arranging the coding packets into an array, sequentially judging whether the received data packets are lost according to a preset sequence, if so, circularly performing packet loss recovery one by one in a dimensionality mode, retransmitting the data packets which meet the minimum requirement of the multi-dimensionality recovery algorithm when the packet loss recovery is finished but the whole data packets cannot be recovered, and then recovering the algorithm again to finish the recovery of the whole data packets. The invention reduces the retransmission quantity and the image delay caused by the use of extra bandwidth and the retransmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of streaming media transmission.
Background
Currently, the application of real-time streaming media transmission using packet-switched networks is very wide. And the audio and video quality is very sensitive to network packet loss and delay. Once the problem happens, the problems of image screen-blooming, tearing, blocking and the like can be caused, and the use experience is influenced.
To solve this problem, it is currently common practice to use TCP as a transport layer protocol, and to ensure reliable transmission of data through the retransmission mechanism of TCP. For example, the transmission method for embedded network adaptive/real-time high definition video disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN102098547A includes a variable bit rate coding module, a coding rate statistical module, a network transmission maximum bandwidth statistical module, and a coding code stream adjustment decision module. The system monitors the network bandwidth and adjusts the coding rate according to the bandwidth. However, the system does not relate to processing such as data recovery and retransmission when the network loses packets, and particularly cannot ensure the audio and video quality of a receiving end when the wireless network is affected by interference and the bandwidth changes rapidly. Also for example, chinese patent publication No. CN104519325A discloses an adaptive guarantee method for a wireless video monitoring system based on a 4G network, which includes a video acquisition terminal and a monitoring center receiving terminal. At a receiving end of the monitoring center, the received video data is subjected to statistical analysis and is sent to a video acquisition terminal through a control message, and the video acquisition terminal adjusts video parameters and a sending mode according to the control message to meet the requirement of ensuring the stability of the image. However, the method lacks data recovery processing when network packet loss occurs and optimization processing when data retransmission occurs, all packet loss needs to be retransmitted, and partial data delay is increased while network bandwidth occupation is increased, so that video image caching and blocking are caused. Or, for example, the chinese patent with publication number CN103957222A discloses a video transmission adaptive method based on FEC algorithm, which adopts FEC algorithm to recover the packet loss as much as possible, and adjusts the FEC parameters or code rate at the sending end according to the packet loss condition. However, in the method, when packet loss cannot be completely recovered, a subsequent processing means is lacked, and problems such as screen blooming and the like are still caused. In addition, in the method, FEC encoding and error correction are performed only based on the message sequence, the error correction capability for packet loss is weak, and especially when continuous packet loss occurs in the network, the situation cannot be handled, so that the requirement for high-quality image transmission cannot be met. When the existing operation modes are unstable in a network environment, especially on a wireless link such as 4G, etc., a large number of retransmissions will result in an increase in partial data delay, resulting in stuttering and buffering during playing of a real-time media stream.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for transmitting streaming media in real time over a network, which improves the probability of recovering packet loss and reduces the number of retransmissions without increasing the computational complexity.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a network real-time streaming media transmission system, which can achieve one of the objectives of the present invention.
In order to achieve one of the purposes, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a network real-time streaming media transmission method is applied between a sending module and a receiving module, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the sending module packages all audio and video data segments from the audio and video encoder into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, and arranges all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array;
s2: the method comprises the steps that a sending module encodes effective loads in data packets of each dimension in a multi-dimension data array to obtain a plurality of encoded packets, wherein the encoded packets comprise data packets and check codes;
s3: the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module and arranges the coded packets into an array according to a preset mode;
s4: the receiving module sequentially judges whether the received data packets are lost according to a preset sequence, if so, S5 is executed, otherwise, all the data packets are sent to an audio and video decoder;
s5: packet loss recovery is sequentially performed on all dimensions according to the sequence, and then S6 is executed;
s6: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S7;
s7: performing packet loss recovery based on the next dimension, and then performing S8;
s8: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S9;
s9: judging whether all dimensions are traversed, if so, executing S10, otherwise, executing S7;
s10: traversing packet loss recovery of all dimensions for the last time, judging whether a data packet is successfully recovered or not, and if so, executing S5; otherwise, the unrecovered data packet is retransmitted through the minimum necessary retransmission mechanism.
Preferably, in S1, the preset format is a multi-dimensional RS encoding format.
Preferably, S2 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
s21: the method comprises the steps that a sending module sequentially encodes effective loads in data packets in each dimension of a multi-dimension data array, the data packets are defined to be arranged into a 2-dimension data array with (M-J) rows and (N-K) columns, the data packets are encoded to obtain an M-row and N-column encoded packet array, wherein the data packets in each row are encoded to obtain N encoded packets, and the encoded packets comprise (N-K) data packets and K check packets; (ii) a
S22: and coding each line of data packets in the data packet array to generate M-J data packets and J check packets.
Preferably, S3 is specifically:
and the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module, and combines the received coded packets into a multidimensional data array according to the corresponding data packets.
Preferably, S5 is specifically:
and performing packet loss recovery on the coded packet of one dimension of the data array according to a preset sequence.
The second purpose of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a network real-time streaming media transmission system comprises an audio and video encoder, an audio and video decoder, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the audio and video encoder is used for sending audio and video data segments to the sending module; the transmitting module is used for packaging all audio and video data segments into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, arranging all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array, and coding the effective loads in the data packets of each dimension in the multi-dimensional data array to obtain a plurality of coding packets, wherein the coding packets comprise the data packets and check codes; the receiving module is used for receiving the coding packets from the sending module, arranging the coding packets into an array according to a preset mode, sequentially judging whether the received data packets are lost or not according to a preset sequence, if so, circularly performing packet loss recovery one by one in a dimensionality mode, if the packet loss recovery is finished, still failing to recover all the data packets, retransmitting the minimum data packets required by the multi-dimensionality recovery algorithm, and then operating the recovery algorithm again to finish the recovery of all the data packets.
Preferably, the preset format is a multi-dimensional RS coding format.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the data packet is subjected to multidimensional coding, the multidimensional coding packet is checked, and packet loss recovery is carried out, so that the packet loss recovery probability is improved;
2. only for packet loss which still cannot be recovered after multi-dimensional packet loss recovery, only part of packet loss is retransmitted, so that the rerun of a multi-dimensional packet loss recovery mechanism can be met, all packet loss is recovered, and the retransmission quantity of messages is obviously reduced, so that the image delay caused by extra bandwidth use and retransmission is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a network real-time streaming media transmission method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a multi-dimensional data array arrangement of data packets according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a network real-time streaming media transmission method, which is mainly applied between a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the sending module and the receiving module are necessary components in packet-switched network transmission, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the sending module packages all audio and video data segments from the audio and video encoder into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, and arranges all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array;
in the step, the format adopted for packaging the audio and video data segment can be automatically rotated, and RS (Reed-So l omon) coding is selected. Each data packet contains L s-bit data symbols in the payload, and then the payload in the data packet for each dimension is encoded.
S2: the method comprises the steps that a sending module encodes effective loads in data packets of each dimension in a multi-dimension data array to obtain a plurality of encoded packets, wherein the encoded packets comprise data packets and check codes;
s2 specifically includes the following substeps:
s21: the method comprises the steps that a sending module sequentially encodes effective loads in data packets in each dimension of a multi-dimension data array, the data packets are defined to be arranged into a 2-dimension data array with (M-J) rows and (N-K) columns, the data packets are encoded to obtain an M-row and N-column encoded packet array, wherein the data packets in each row are encoded to obtain N encoded packets, and the encoded packets comprise (N-K) data packets and K check packets; (ii) a
S22: and coding each line of data packets in the data packet array to generate M-J data packets and J check packets.
As shown in fig. 2, the packets are arranged in a two-dimensional array of (M-J) rows and (N-K) columns, with each row and each column being encoded. Firstly, encoding the data packets of each row to generate N encoded packets, wherein the N encoded packets comprise N-K data packets and K check packets. And then, carrying out second encoding to encode each line of data packets to generate M-J data packets and J check packets. And sends all encoded packets row by row into the network.
The encoded packet is examined in the receiving module after passing through the packet-switched network. According to the RS encoding principle, if packet loss occurs in network transmission, in an encoded packet in any dimension, as long as the number of packet loss is not greater than K, all data packets can be recovered at the receiving end, and if the number of packet loss is greater than K, recovery cannot be performed. However, in the present invention, because of the adoption of multi-dimensional coding, when the packet loss of a certain dimension exceeds K, whether the lost data packet can be recovered in other dimensions can be checked, if so, the lost data packet can be recovered, and then whether other packet losses in the dimension can be recovered is recalculated. Through the multi-dimension interweaving and associating, the probability that the whole data packet array is completely recovered is greatly increased.
Especially when the network is unstable and a short continuous packet loss occurs (for example, packet loss caused by fast fading in a wireless network), since data transmission is performed dimension by dimension, packet loss at a certain dimension is easily caused to be serious and exceeds a tolerance limit K. In this case, the packet loss recovery capability of other dimensions is combined, which helps to solve the problem.
S3: the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module and arranges the coded packets into an array according to a preset mode; s3 specifically includes: the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module, and combines the received coded packets into a multidimensional data array according to the corresponding data packets;
s4: the receiving module sequentially judges whether the received data packets are lost according to a preset sequence, if so, S5 is executed, otherwise, all the data packets are sent to an audio and video decoder;
s5: packet loss recovery is sequentially performed on all dimensions according to the sequence, and then S6 is executed; for example, in packet loss recovery of a data packet with a two-dimensional rationale shown in fig. 2, first, packet loss recovery processing is performed on a slave row dimension in an encoded packet array. And recovering the packet loss in each row, if the packet loss number of the row is less than or equal to K, directly running packet loss recovery processing to recover all packet losses in the row. And then the next line processing is performed. If the number of packet loss of the row is more than K, the packet loss recovery processing of the next row is directly carried out without processing until the processing of all rows is completed. And then executes S6.
S6: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S7;
s7: performing packet loss recovery based on the next dimension, and then performing S8;
s7 specifically includes:
s71: and performing packet loss recovery on the coded packet of the other dimension of the data array according to a preset sequence. For example, in packet loss recovery of a 2-dimensional array data packet shown in fig. 2, after packet loss recovery processing of a row dimension is completed, if there is still packet loss, packet loss recovery is performed by replacing the row dimension with the column dimension. And recovering the packet loss in each column, and if the number of packet losses in the column is less than or equal to J, directly running packet loss recovery processing to recover all packet losses in the column. And then the next column of processing is performed. If the number of the packet loss of the row is larger than J, the packet loss recovery processing of the next row is directly carried out without processing until the processing of all the rows is finished. And then executes S8.
S8: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S9;
s9: judging whether all dimensions are traversed, if so, executing S10, otherwise, executing S7;
s10: traversing packet loss recovery of all dimensions for the last time, judging whether a data packet is successfully recovered or not, and if so, executing S5; otherwise, the unrecovered data packet is retransmitted through the minimum necessary retransmission mechanism.
As in the example of fig. 2, the receiving module arranges the encoded packets into a two-dimensional array, and first performs inspection and packet loss recovery in the "row" dimension. When the packet loss of a certain row is not more than K, the packet loss recovery is directly carried out, and when the packet loss of a certain row exceeds K, the inspection and recovery of the next row are carried out. When the processing of the "row" dimension is completed. If all the data packets are recovered, the data packets are processed by an audio/video decoder and the statistical message is sent to a sending module. If the data packet is not recovered, the column dimension is entered for checking and packet loss recovery. After the processing of the column dimension is finished, if all the data packets are recovered, the audio/video decoder is handed over to perform subsequent processing, and the statistical message is sent to the sending module. If the unrecovered data packets still exist and the data packets are restored in the column dimension processing, returning to the row dimension for processing. And repeatedly circulating until no data packet is recovered in the processing circulation traversing the dimensions of the row and the column, and then performing retransmission processing.
Assuming that J is 2 and K is 2, and that there are nine unrecoverable packets in fig. 2, p (1, 1), p (1, 2), p (1, 3), p (2, 1), p (2,2), p (2, 3), p (N-2, 1), p (N-2, 2), and p (N-2, 3), these packets are analyzed, and p (2,2) is selected for retransmission, and assuming that, after the operation, the 1 st and 3 rd rows and the 1 st and N-2 nd columns also satisfy the recovery regulation, all data can be recovered after the operation.
In the coded packet array, after the processing by the multi-dimensional network packet loss recovery mechanism, if a data packet still cannot be recovered, a 'minimum necessary retransmission' mechanism is started. In the mechanism, firstly, the arrangement rule of packets which cannot be recovered in an array is analyzed, data packets which can meet the requirements of starting a multi-dimensional network packet loss recovery mechanism and completing recovery of all data packets are found out, and then a sending module is informed through a statistical message, and only the data packets are retransmitted. And after the data packets are obtained, packet loss recovery processing is carried out again to recover all the data packets, the data packets are processed by an audio and video decoder, and the statistical message is sent to a sending module.
The sending module may adjust the channel coding strategy according to the statistical message from the receiving module. For example: when the retransmission request is continuously received, the J, K value in the RS code is increased, the check packet ratio is increased, the packet loss recovery processing success rate is improved, and the follow-up retransmission is reduced. If the value of J, K is increased, retransmission still occurs, the audio-video encoder is informed by the control message, the code rate of source coding is reduced, and the network flow is reduced. When the retransmission is not needed for a plurality of times, the J, K value of the RS code can be gradually reduced, the proportion of the data packet is improved, and the more effective transmission is carried out. If continuous retransmission does not exist and packet loss recovery statistical information indicates that the number of network packet losses is small, the audio and video encoder can be informed through a control message, the code rate of the information source encoding is improved, and video I/P/B frame strategies and gaps are adjusted until the maximum value allowed by system setting is reached, so that better tone quality and image quality are provided. And the audio and video decoder performs information source decoding on the received data to obtain audio and video information, and outputs the audio and video information to a display screen through a display interface.
The invention also provides a network real-time streaming media transmission system, which comprises an audio and video encoder, an audio and video decoder, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the audio and video encoder is used for sending audio and video data segments to the sending module; the transmitting module is used for packaging all audio and video data segments into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, arranging all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array, and coding the effective loads in the data packets of each dimension in the multi-dimensional data array to obtain a plurality of coding packets, wherein the coding packets comprise the data packets and check codes; the receiving module is used for receiving the coding packets from the sending module, arranging the coding packets into an array according to a preset mode, sequentially judging whether the received data packets are lost according to a preset sequence, if so, circularly performing packet loss recovery one by one in a dimensionality mode, and if the packet loss recovery is finished, retransmitting the minimum data packets meeting the requirement of the multidimensional recovery algorithm, and then re-operating the recovery algorithm to finish the recovery of all the data packets.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A network real-time streaming media transmission method is characterized in that the method is applied between a sending module and a receiving module, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the sending module packages all audio and video data segments from the audio and video encoder into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, and arranges all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array; the preset format is a multi-dimensional RS coding format;
s2: the method comprises the steps that a sending module encodes effective loads in data packets of each dimension in a multi-dimension data array to obtain a plurality of encoded packets, wherein the encoded packets comprise data packets and check codes;
s3: the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module and arranges the coded packets into an array according to a preset mode;
s4: the receiving module sequentially judges whether the received data packets are lost according to a preset sequence, if so, S5 is executed, otherwise, all the data packets are sent to an audio and video decoder;
s5: packet loss recovery is sequentially performed on all dimensions according to the sequence, and then S6 is executed;
s6: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S7;
s7: performing packet loss recovery based on the next dimension, and then performing S8;
s8: judging whether all packet losses are completely recovered, if so, sending all data packets to an audio and video decoder; otherwise, go to S9;
s9: judging whether all dimensions are traversed, if so, executing S10, otherwise, executing S7;
s10: traversing packet loss recovery of all dimensions for the last time, judging whether a data packet is successfully recovered or not, and if so, executing S5; otherwise, the unrecovered data packet is retransmitted through the minimum necessary retransmission mechanism.
2. The method for transmitting the network real-time streaming media according to claim 1, wherein S3 specifically comprises:
and the receiving module receives the coded packets from the sending module, and combines the received coded packets into a multidimensional data array according to the corresponding data packets.
3. The method for transmitting the network real-time streaming media according to claim 1, wherein S5 specifically comprises:
and performing packet loss recovery on the coded packet of one dimension of the data array according to a preset sequence.
4. A network real-time streaming media transmission system is characterized by comprising an audio and video encoder, an audio and video decoder, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the audio and video encoder is used for sending audio and video data segments to the sending module; the transmitting module is used for packaging all audio and video data segments into data packets with equal-length effective loads in a preset format, arranging all the data packets into a multi-dimensional data array, and coding the effective loads in the data packets of each dimension in the multi-dimensional data array to obtain a plurality of coding packets, wherein the coding packets comprise the data packets and check codes; the receiving module is used for receiving the coding packets from the sending module, arranging the coding packets into an array according to a preset mode, sequentially judging whether the received data packets are lost or not according to a preset sequence, if so, circularly performing packet loss recovery one by one in a dimensionality mode, and if the packet loss recovery is finished, still failing to recover all the data packets, retransmitting the minimum data packets required by the multi-dimensionality recovery algorithm, and then re-operating the recovery algorithm to finish the recovery of all the data packets; the preset format is a multi-dimensional RS coding format.
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| WO2016161594A1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2016-10-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and apparatus |
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| CN101719809B (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2012-10-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for recovering lost media data packet |
| CN106209915A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 深圳聚点互动科技有限公司 | A kind of real time flow medium radio transmitting method and system thereof |
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