CN106788885A - A kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system and transmission method - Google Patents
A kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system and transmission method Download PDFInfo
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system and transmission method based on compressed sensing, it is related to data compression and reconstruction field, including sensor node and telegon, sensor node is used to obtain primary signal, data sampling compression and by the data is activation after compression to telegon；Telegon is used to receive and recover compressed data；Sensor node includes degree of rarefication estimation module, and telegon includes wireless compensating module and control errors module；Degree of rarefication estimation module is used to calculate the degree of rarefication of data and estimates sample rate according to degree of rarefication, and wireless compensating module is used to compensate the packet loss during wireless telecommunications, and control errors module is used for control reconfiguration error.The present invention adds closed-loop control to realize using compressed sensing technology, and different compression sampling rates are effectively realized for different patient's different pieces of information degree of rarefications；Can realize occurring not losing electrocardiogram (ECG) data when packet loss according to the adjustment compression ratio of the situation self adaptation of wireless channel simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields such as compressed encoding, signal reconstruction and wireless channel, more particularly to a kind of electrocardiogram (ECG) data pressure
The method for contracting and being wirelessly transferred.
Background technology
Electrocardiogram data wireless Transmission system generally comprise sensor node (ECG sensor), aggregation node (telegon) and
Backstage base station.The electrocardiogram (ECG) data that sensor node will be collected is sent initially to aggregation node.Telegon will as display platform
The data display for obtaining out, while data are continued to be sent to backstage base station.General telegon can be mobile phone or PDA,
Base station is usually medical institutions.Because this Wearable wireless transmitting system is all restricted to equipment volume and weight, so will
Energy efficiency design is carried out to system, the electrocardiogram (ECG) data of sensor collection is needed through overcompression.Traditional compress mode is general
For wired electrocardio equipment, when be wirelessly transferred there is packet loss when, general compress mode just occurs the missing of data.Compression sense
Know that technology mainly there are two features：Indifference is sampled and distributed simple code, and this causes that it turns into data acquisition in Sensor Network
New method.Be not in the missing of source data if the data of compression sampling collection go out active in the transmission, but with by mistake
Poor form is shown in the data of decompression.
Many Previous works are pointed out to can be used for ECG signal and other body parameter signals based on openness compression.
When compression sensing method is applied to compress ecg data, important hypothesis be electrocardiosignal degree of rarefication be it is constant,
This hypothesis can be set up when the length of data frame is enough, but also increase the response time of system simultaneously.In fact, right
For a heart real time diagnostic system, the response time should be less than 300 milliseconds, and this is accomplished by, and each frame data are corresponding to be adopted
The sample time is less.After data frame length reduces, Sparse degree changes just very greatly.In addition to degree of rarefication changes,
For another challenge that the estimation of reconstructed error is the cardioelectric monitor system based on compressed sensing.Theoretically, when system is full
(such as data are that K is sparse, sample rate meets some empirical equations requirement, calculation matrix meet limitation during some conditions of foot
Away from principle etc.), reconstructed error has the upper bound.But, for a heart real time detecting system, according to described above, data
Degree of rarefication is change.And, unstable wireless channel can cause the increase of packet loss so that data lack sampling, and this also can
The reconstruction quality of influence system.Therefore, for traditional compressed sensing framework, reconstructed error has very big fluctuation.In addition, by
Initial data cannot be obtained in telegon, so hardly resulting in the exact value of reconstructed error.
Domestic applications number are a kind of entitled " portable cardiac prison with wireless transmission function of 201410428685.X
The patent application of shield instrument ", sampled signal is processed by single-chip microcomputer, is transmitted data to PDA by bluetooth module and is realized data
Upload, whole system do not account for the compression of data and designed with energy efficiency.Domestic applications number are
The patent of 201110206698.9 entitled " electrocardio signal transmission method and system based on wavelet algorithm " is proposed and passed through
The electrocardio compression method of wavelet coding, domestic applications number are 201510974314.6 entitled " compress ecg data transmission side
The patent application of method and its electrocardiogram monitor system " is proposed ECG data compression by way of based on convolution compressed encoding simultaneously
Transmission, but both approaches can improve the efficiency of data transfer not account for transmitting there is packet loss to decompression quality
Influence.
Traditional code compress mode is used to general data in the prior art, fails the need for considering whether to be adapted to be wirelessly transferred
Will；It is wirelessly transferred in addition when there is packet loss, data reconstruction quality cannot ensure；Compression method is not provided with to the time delay of data
Limit, it is impossible to realize monitoring in real time.Therefore, those skilled in the art is devoted to a kind of electrocardio letter based on compressed sensing of exploitation
Number compression ratio Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method, combines by data encoding compress mode and the characteristics of be wirelessly transferred, with
Ensure data reconstruction quality, meet the requirement of electrocardiogram (ECG) data monitor in real time.
The content of the invention
In view of the drawbacks described above of prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are how to ensure data reconstruction matter
Amount, meet the requirement of electrocardiogram (ECG) data monitor in real time, specifically, how be wirelessly transferred there is packet loss when, do not influence the heart
The transmission of electric data；How in the case of without initial data estimated data reconstructed error；How the data of system are ensured
Time delay.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system,
Including sensor node and telegon, the sensor node is configured as obtaining primary signal, data sampling compression and incites somebody to action
Data is activation after compression is to the telegon；The telegon is configured as receiving the compressed data and recovers the compression
Data；The sensor node also includes degree of rarefication estimation module, and the telegon also includes wireless compensating module and error control
Molding block；The degree of rarefication estimation module is configured as calculating the degree of rarefication of data and estimates sample rate, institute according to degree of rarefication
The packet loss during wireless compensating module is configured to compensate for wireless telecommunications is stated, the control errors module is configured as control weight
Structure error.
Further, the rarefaction method that the sensor node is used is Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), discrete cosine transform
Or the one kind in wavelet transformation.
Further, the degree of rarefication estimation module is configured as according to the degree of rarefication classification per frame data and corresponding mould
Type and the sample rate according to required for the packet loss information that the telegon sends obtains every frame data.
Further, the sensor node is configured as guiding data according to Raw Data Generation；The guiding data
It is configured as estimating reconstructed error when data are recovered；The data of random selection 10% are used as the guiding number in the compressed data
According to.
Further, the sensor node is configured as according to Raw Data Generation control data.
Further, the sensor node is configured as transmitting compressed data, guiding data and control data
To the telegon, the control data is the packet header during being wirelessly transferred.
Present invention also offers a kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, in sensor node, original electrocardiographicdigital data XN*1X is obtained by rarefaction firstS N*1, wherein N is that every frame is needed
The initial data length to be compressed；
Step 2, according to XSDegree of rarefication K calculate random observation matrix AM*NDimension M, by off-line modeling obtain M with
The relation of K；
Step 3, Y is compressed data into by observing matrix AM*1,
Y=AXs
Step 4, according to Raw Data Generation guide data, guiding data be used for recover data when estimate reconstructed error,
The data of random selection 10% are used as guiding data in compressed data Y；
Step 5, according to Raw Data Generation control data, control data is the packet header during being wirelessly transferred；
By wireless network be sent to for compressed data, guiding data and control data packing by step 6, sensor node
Coordinator node；
After step 7, coordinator node receive packet, recover the compressed data.
Further, the method for the rarefaction is in Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation
One kind.
Further, the method for the off-line modeling described in step 2 is：
First, data frame is classified according to different degree of rarefications, offline collection user is more than 10000 data frame D,
Two classes are splitted data into using quick clustering algorithm；
Secondly, the distribution of degree of rarefication and sample rate according to data is modeled, and institute's established model is piecewise linear model：
Wherein, Ωi(i=1,2) is determined by above-mentioned sorting technique, parameter Ci(i=1,2,3,4) solving-optimizing is passed through
Problem is obtained：
s.t.si-ari-b≥0
Wherein, siRepresent the degree of rarefication of each data frame, riThe sample rate of each frame is represented, a and b are in piecewise function
Coefficient；
Finally, the degree of rarefication classification according to every frame data and corresponding model, can obtain adopting required for every frame data
Sample rate Ms, obtains according to the packet loss information PLR that telegon sends
M=Ms/ (1-PLR)；
Thereby determine that the dimension M*N of random observation battle array A.
Further, step 7 is further comprising the steps of：
First, confirm whether the compressed data, the guiding data and the control data are complete, if Partial shrinkage
Loss of data, wireless compensating module will estimate channel conditions；If guiding data or control data are lost, the sampling of next frame
Rate will be determined only by degree of rarefication estimation module；
Secondly, at sensor node end, the input of degree of rarefication estimation module is the degree of rarefication of next frame data, and output is right
The compression ratio of next frame estimates MS；At telegon end, the input of control errors module is the historical data of error, is gone through according to these
History data error control module can adjust the sample rate of next frame；
Finally, wireless compensating module can obtain the packet loss PLR of current radio channel, then send packet loss PLR
To sensor node.
In order to solve the problems, such as the limitation of the time delay in wireless electrocardiograph monitoring system and estimation error, the invention discloses one kind
Self-adapting compressing for heart real time monitoring perceives engine.At sensor node end, using an offline degree of rarefication model come
The sample rate of data is obtained, while detecting Wireless Losses rate and a kind of based on packet loss and reconstruction quality in telegon end design
Online updating model.The present invention devises a control engine for closed loop to ensure reconstruction quality.System can be dilute according to data
The change and Wireless Losses for dredging degree adjust sample rate.The time delay of system is no more than 300 milliseconds.The present invention analyzes electrocardiosignal
The time-varying characteristics of degree of rarefication, establish the off-line model between sample rate and degree of rarefication and are applied at sensor node end,
The amount of calculation of sensor node is not almost increased.Present invention introduces guiding data, the reconstructed error of estimated data.Set up error
Change and the model of compression ratio variation relation.By online updating stabilization reconstructed error.
Wireless transmitting system framework based on compressed sensing is as shown in figure 1, comprising two portions of sensor node and telegon
Point.Sensor node is mainly responsible for obtaining primary signal, data compression and is sent to telegon.Telegon is responsible for receiving compression
Data and recovery data.The top half of Fig. 1 is traditional compressed sensing module frame chart.At sensor node end, compressed sensing
The input of module is original electrocardiographicdigital data X.By after rarefaction and sampling, the output of sensor node is Y, is subsequently sent to association
Adjust device.Telegon receives Y (some data are lost in the transmission) and recovers initial data.In general, Ψ, K and M are
Constant.It is exactly the estimation to primary signal X to calculate the data X ' for recovering by telegon.If Sparse degree and wireless communication
Road change very greatly when, the data X of recovery′There is very big difference with initial data X.The latter half of Fig. 1 is that the present invention is carried
The self-adapting compressing for going out perceives engine, including 3 parts：Degree of rarefication estimation module, wireless compensating module and control errors module.
Degree of rarefication estimation module is used for calculating the degree of rarefication of data and estimates sample rate according to degree of rarefication.Wireless compensating module is used for mending
Repay the packet loss during wireless telecommunications.Control errors module is used for control reconfiguration error.
The step of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system of the present invention runs is as follows：
Step 1：In sensor node, original electrocardiographicdigital data XN*1X is obtained by rarefaction firstS N*1, wherein N is that every frame is needed
The initial data length to be compressed.Rarefaction method typically use method be Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), discrete cosine transform or
Person's wavelet transformation etc..
Xs=fft (X) or Xs=dct (X) or Xs=dwt (X)
Step 2：According to XSDegree of rarefication K calculate random observation matrix AM*NDimension M, first have to off-line modeling and obtain M
With the relation of K, the method for modeling is：
First, data frame is classified according to different degree of rarefications.The a number of data frame D of offline collection user
(number is more than 10000), two classes are splitted data into using quick clustering algorithm：
Secondly, the distribution of degree of rarefication and sample rate according to data is modeled.Determine that model is piecewise linear model：
Wherein, Ωi(i=1,2) is determined by sorting technique above, parameter Ci(i=1,2,3,4) solving-optimizing is passed through
Problem is obtained：
s.t.si-ari-b≥0
Wherein, siRepresent the degree of rarefication of each data frame, riThe sample rate of each frame is represented, a and b are in piecewise function
Coefficient.
Degree of rarefication classification and corresponding model, the sample rate required for every frame data can be obtained according to every frame data
Ms, obtains according to the packet loss information PLR that telegon sends
M=Ms/ (1-PLR)
Thereby determine that the dimension M*N of random observation battle array A.
Step 3：Y is compressed data into by observing matrix AM*1。
Y=AXs
Step 4：Data are guided according to Raw Data Generation.Guiding data are used for estimating reconstructed error when data are recovered.
The data of random selection 10% are used as guiding data in compressed data Y.
Step 5：According to Raw Data Generation control data.Control byte is the packet header during being wirelessly transferred.These three
Data send telegon to simultaneously.Telegon receives data, while determining the integrality of data.
Step 6：By wireless network be sent to for compressed data, guiding data and control data packing by sensor node
Coordinator node.
Step 7：After coordinator node receives packet, first confirm that whether three partial datas are complete.Such as fruit part pressure
Contracting loss of data, wireless compensating module will estimate channel conditions.If guiding data or control data are lost, next frame is adopted
Sample rate will be determined only by degree of rarefication estimation module.At sensor node end, the input of degree of rarefication estimation module is next frame number
According to degree of rarefication, output is to estimate M to the compression ratio of next frameS.At telegon end, the input of control errors module is error
Historical data, the sample rate of next frame can be adjusted according to these historical data control errors modules.Wireless compensating module can be with
The packet loss PLR of current radio channel is obtained, PLR is then sent to sensor node.
It is an advantage of the invention that：Closed-loop control is added for realizing wireless electrocardio Transmission system using compressed sensing technology, can
Effectively to realize different compression sampling rates for the different pieces of information degree of rarefication of different patients；Simultaneously can be according to wireless communication
The adjustment compression ratio of the situation self adaptation in road, realization occurs not losing electrocardiogram (ECG) data when packet loss.
The technique effect of design of the invention, concrete structure and generation is described further below with reference to accompanying drawing, with
It is fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the system hardware structure figure of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.The present embodiment enters under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Row is implemented, and gives detailed implementation method and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following realities
Apply example.
The present embodiment hardware structure diagram is as shown in Fig. 2 sensor side microprocessor uses ADSP-BP592 in system；Bluetooth
Module uses HC-06 wireless blue tooth serial ports transparent transmission slave modules；Memory module is using flash on ADSP-BP592 pieces；Electrocardio is adopted
Egf block uses AD8232 amplifiers front end；AD sampling A/D chips use PCF8591T；Communicated between sensor and telegon and used
CC2530 nodes；Telegon is taken on by PDA.
The step of the present embodiment hardware system runs is as follows：
The first step：Equipment is worn
Step 11：EGC sensor equipment is worn on front.
Step 12：ECG bluetooth modules are connected by panel computer.Sensor is with the frequency Real-time Collection people body-centered of 360Hz
The real time status of wireless channel can be sent to sensor by electric data, telegon.
Second step：Modeling process
Step 21：Sensor gathers 10000 groups of (at least) user data first, by random generation observing matrix A.With sight
Survey matrix to be compressed user data with constant compression ratio 50%, and initial data and compressed data are sent to coordination
Device, telegon decompression data, obtains data reconstruction quality, and generate customer data base D.Each data of D include number
According to the compression ratio and the degree of rarefication of data of frame.
Step 22：Clustered using quick clustering algorithm：
Input：Data acquisition system D
Output：Cluster centre μ '1,μ'2
1) number of times that the degree of rarefication of each frame in data acquisition system occurs is calculated, two most peak value μ of number of times are will appear from1,μ2Do
It is initial cluster center；
If 2) judge to meet | muj-μ'j| ＞ ∈ then perform (3rd) step, if it is not satisfied, performing (5th) step；
3) according to c(i):=argmin | | d(i)-μj||2Data acquisition system is divided into two classes；
4) each class recalculates cluster centre
5) μ ' is exported1,μ'2。
Step 23：The distribution of degree of rarefication and sample rate according to data is modeled.Determine that model is piecewise linear model：
Wherein, Ωi(i=1,2) is determined by sorting technique above, parameter Ci(i=1,2,3,4) solving-optimizing is passed through
Problem is obtained：
s.t.si-ari-b≥0
Wherein, siRepresent the degree of rarefication of each data frame, riThe sample rate of each frame is represented, a and b are in piecewise function
Coefficient.
3rd step：Normal work
Step 31：In sensor node, original electrocardiographicdigital data XN*1X is obtained by rarefaction firstS N*1, wherein N is that every frame is needed
The initial data length to be compressed.Rarefaction method uses discrete cosine.
Xs=dct (X)
Step 32：Model according to degree of rarefication K obtained above and sample rate Ms relations calculates random observation matrix AM*N
Dimension Ms.
The computing formula of degree of rarefication K is：
K=| | Xs||0
Step 33：Degree of rarefication classification and corresponding model according to every frame data, required for can obtaining every frame data
Sample rate Ms, obtains according to the packet loss information PLR that telegon sends
M=Ms/ (1-PLR)
The dimension M*N of this determination random observation battle array A.
Step 34：Y is compressed data into by observing matrix AM*1。
Y=AXs
Step 35：Compressed data Y is sent to coordinator node by sensor node by wireless network.
Step 36：After coordinator node receives packet, first confirm that whether data are complete.If Partial shrinkage data
Lose, wireless compensating module will estimate channel conditions.If guiding data or control data are lost, the sample rate of next frame will
Only determined by degree of rarefication estimation module.At sensor node end, the input of degree of rarefication estimation module is the dilute of next frame data
Degree is dredged, output is to estimate MS to the compression ratio of next frame.At telegon end, the input of control errors module is the history number of error
According to the sample rate of next frame can be adjusted according to these historical data control errors modules.Wireless compensating module can be obtained works as
The packet loss PLR of preceding wireless channel, is then sent to sensor node by PLR.
Preferred embodiment of the invention described in detail above.It should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this area is without wound
The property made work just can make many modifications and variations with design of the invention.Therefore, all technical staff in the art
Pass through the available technology of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Scheme, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system, it is characterised in that including sensor node and association
Device, the sensor node is adjusted to be configured as obtaining primary signal, data sampling compression and arrive the data is activation after compression
The telegon；The telegon is configured as receiving the compressed data and recovers the compressed data；The sensor section
Point also includes degree of rarefication estimation module, and the telegon also includes wireless compensating module and control errors module；The degree of rarefication
Estimation module is configured as calculating the degree of rarefication of data and estimates sample rate according to degree of rarefication, and the wireless compensating module is matched somebody with somebody
The packet loss during compensation wireless telecommunications is set to, the control errors module is configured as control reconfiguration error.
2. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the biography
The rarefaction method that sensor node is used is the one kind in Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation.
3. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described dilute
Degree estimation module is dredged to be configured as being sent out according to the degree of rarefication classification per frame data and corresponding model and according to the telegon
The packet loss information sent obtain every frame data required for sample rate.
4. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the biography
Sensor node is configured as guiding data according to Raw Data Generation；The guiding data are configured as estimating when data are recovered
Reconstructed error；The data of random selection 10% are used as the guiding data in the compressed data.
5. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the biography
Sensor node is configured as according to Raw Data Generation control data.
6. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument wireless transmitting system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the biography
Sensor node is configured as transmitting compressed data, guiding data and control data to the telegon, the control number
According to being packet header during being wirelessly transferred.
7. a kind of compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, in sensor node, original electrocardiographicdigital data XN*1X is obtained by rarefaction firstS N*1, wherein N is that every frame needs compression
Initial data length；
Step 2, according to XSDegree of rarefication K calculate random observation matrix AM*NDimension M, the pass of M and K is obtained by off-line modeling
System；
Step 3, Y is compressed data into by observing matrix AM*1,
Y=AXs
Step 4, according to Raw Data Generation guide data, guiding data be used for recover data when estimate reconstructed error, pressure
The data of random selection 10% are used as guiding data in contracting data Y；
Step 5, according to Raw Data Generation control data, control data is the packet header during being wirelessly transferred；
Compressed data, guiding data and control data packing are sent to coordination by step 6, sensor node by wireless network
Device node；
After step 7, coordinator node receive packet, recover the compressed data.
8. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described dilute
The method of thinization is the one kind in Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation.
9. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step 2
Described in the method for off-line modeling be：
First, data frame is classified according to different degree of rarefications, offline collection user is more than 10000 data frame D, uses
Quick clustering algorithm splits data into two classes；
Secondly, the distribution of degree of rarefication and sample rate according to data is modeled, and institute's established model is piecewise linear model：
Wherein, Ωi(i=1,2) is determined by above-mentioned sorting technique, parameter Ci(i=1,2,3,4) solving-optimizing problem is passed through
To obtain：
s.t.si-ari-b≥0
Wherein, siRepresent the degree of rarefication of each data frame, riRepresent the sample rate of each frame, a and b is in piecewise function and is
Number；
Finally, the degree of rarefication classification according to every frame data and corresponding model, the sample rate required for every frame data can be obtained
Ms, obtains according to the packet loss information PLR that telegon sends
M=Ms/ (1-PLR)；
Thereby determine that the dimension M*N of random observation battle array A.
10. compress ecg data rate Automatic adjusument radio transmitting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step 7
It is further comprising the steps of：
First, confirm whether the compressed data, the guiding data and the control data are complete, if Partial shrinkage data
Lose, wireless compensating module will estimate channel conditions；If guiding data or control data are lost, the sample rate of next frame will
Only determined by degree of rarefication estimation module；
Secondly, at sensor node end, the input of degree of rarefication estimation module is the degree of rarefication of next frame data, and output is to next
The compression ratio of frame estimates MS；At telegon end, the input of control errors module is the historical data of error, according to these history numbers
The sample rate of next frame can be adjusted according to control errors module；
Finally, wireless compensating module can obtain the packet loss PLR of current radio channel, and packet loss PLR then is sent into biography
Sensor node.
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