CN106788845A - The clock synchronization device and method of a kind of submarine geophysics exploration instrument - Google Patents
The clock synchronization device and method of a kind of submarine geophysics exploration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN106788845A CN106788845A CN201611213350.1A CN201611213350A CN106788845A CN 106788845 A CN106788845 A CN 106788845A CN 201611213350 A CN201611213350 A CN 201611213350A CN 106788845 A CN106788845 A CN 106788845A
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- clock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
- G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0644—External master-clock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The clock synchronization device and method of a kind of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, are mainly used in the clock synchronization of habitata instrument.One underwater sound emitter of its need, you can all of with underwater sound device habitata instrument in the range of synchronous underwater acoustic communication distance；By the emitting device with atomic clock, reset certain time interval and repeatedly launch underwater sound signal, habitata instrument opens reception device in the designated time, and preserves reception data；After reclaiming offshore instrument, receive the multiple underwater sound signal that habitata instrument is collected the time using host computer and accurately calculated, obtain the deviation of instrument internal time, and then instrument data is corrected, reach the purpose of high precision clock synchronous acquisition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to marine survey technology field, and in particular to a kind of clock of submarine geophysics exploration instrument is same
Step device and method, it is adapted to realizes the synchronous method of clock using underwater sound communication.
Background technology
In the ocean operation of submarine earthquake and electromagnetic surveying, along the survey line on sea by many instrument sinkings to different points
Position, every instrument independently works in seabed by set program.For ocean floor topographic survey, clock synchronization system is seabed
Detection instrument implements the key of seafloor data record, and the accuracy of gathered data places one's entire reliance upon the accurate of clock synchronization system
Property.And huge thick sea water layer has played shielding action to gps signal, the instrument for being placed on seabed can not receive what satellite sent
GPS information.Therefore, habitata instrument can only carry out GPS to clock before dispensing and after salvaging recovery, and instrument is needed after plunging into the commercial sea
Timing is carried out by itself.
To ensure realization of the synchronous acquisition in seabed, habitata instrument will be each and all be equipped with atomic clock or high-precision
Spend up to 10-7The clock circuit of number of seconds magnitude, so that each instrument obtains the time reference consistent with GPS.Due to atomic clock price
Costliness, and one survey line needs up to a hundred instruments during submarine geophysics exploration, if each is equipped with atomic clock, atomic clock
Expense is just up to units up to a million.At present, habitata instrument devises constant-temperature high-precision clock electricity to reach clock accuracy
Road.High precision clock circuit core problem is the stability problem of crystal oscillator device, and stability is mainly influenceed by environment temperature.
Under temperature match curing conditions, its frequency of oscillation can change oscillating crystal therewith, so as to cause timing error.Existing habitata instrument
All employ the crystal oscillator technology with temperature compensation mostly.If the crystal oscillator with temperature compensation is wanted to realize miniaturization, quartz-crystal unit will be made
Changeable frequency amplitude diminishes, and temperature-compensating is more difficult, thus temperature compensating crystal oscillator all exist in actual use volume it is excessive lack
Point, power consumption is also because adjunct circuit increases.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of clock of submarine geophysics exploration instrument and synchronously sets
Standby and method, is mainly used in the clock synchronization of habitata instrument.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, its
Mainly include GPS module 1., atomic clock 2., single-chip microcomputer 3., power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5. with underwater acoustic transducer 6.,
Wherein：
1., it is used to feed water on land acoustic emission device to clock to GPS module, and standard is obtained by the PPS signal of GPS module
The whole second signal of true clock, is that underwater sound emitter sets initial split-second precision signal；
2. atomic clock, after the completion of it is used for clock, during under water or without gps signal, is produced by the atomic clock of itself
High-precision clock signal；
3. single-chip microcomputer is the whole microcontroller of underwater sound emitter, and it is used to receive the PPS signal of GPS module, and leads to
Crossing atomic clock produces continuous high accurate clock signal, control emitter certain hour to launch a underwater sound synchronizing signal；
4., it is used to for the 12KHZ frequency pulse signals that single-chip microcomputer is produced to carry out power amplification power amplification circuit, launches
Power will ensure that the communication maximum distance of the underwater sound signal for sending can reach 14,000 meters；Power amplification circuit uses D class power
Amplifying circuit.The present invention selects IRFP250 power tubes.
5., it is used to carry out impedance matching with the load of underwater acoustic transducer match circuit, obtains more power.Due to water
The impedance value of sonic transducer is larger, and the supply voltage of general emitter is not very high, and radiating circuit need to use boosting transformation
Device carrys out lotus root and closes load, and measurement is analyzed by underwater acoustic transducer mechanical admittance curves, from EE65 shaped iron cores, calculates equiva lent impedance
And the number of turn, make transformer；
6., it is used to acoustic energy and electric energy carry out mutual phase transformation to underwater acoustic transducer, is imitated using the piezoelectricity of crystal piezoelectric ceramics
Should or iron-nickel alloy magnetostrictive effect come what is be operated, produced using electrostriction effect and piezo-electric effect and received
Ultrasonic wave.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, its
Using a underwater sound emitter with atomic clock, setting certain time interval repeatedly launches underwater sound signal, habitata
Instrument opens reception device in the designated time, and preserves reception data.After reclaiming offshore instrument, using host computer to habitata
The multiple underwater sound signal that instrument is collected receives the time and is accurately calculated, and reaches the purpose of high precision clock synchronous acquisition.
Further, after the completion of habitata instrument and underwater sound emitter are all delivered, in underwater sound emitter seabed
In the case that detection instrument relative position is constant, underwater sound emitter setting certain time interval launches the multiple 12KHZ underwater sounds
Signal, habitata instrument receives signal and preserves in the designated time.
Additionally, after reclaiming offshore instrument, the multiple underwater sound signal that habitata instrument is collected is connect using host computer
Accurately calculated by the time, obtained the deviation of instrument internal time, and then instrument data is corrected, when reaching high accuracy
The purpose of clock synchronous acquisition.
Preferably, the duration with transmission signal is as calculation window, and docking is collected mail and move after number one by one sampled point, enters line frequency
Analysis of spectrum, determines the position of useful signal, obtains the exact value of reception time.
The clock synchronizing method of the submarine geophysics exploration instrument is more specifically comprised the following steps：
1. the first step, underwater sound emitter carried out a GPS to clock using GPS module before delivering to seabed, to clock
After the completion of carry out the dispensing of normal survey line, underwater sound emitter selects supply volume according to survey line length, underwater sound emitter and
The maximum distance of habitata instrument is less than 6000 meters, it is ensured that the underwater sound signal of reception is complete and effective.Each underwater sound is sent out
Injection device is fixed on some habitata instrument and is delivered, and can so be reclaimed with habitata instrument；
Second step, underwater sound emitter utilizes atomic clock 2. high-precision timing, and 3. microcontroller is set to every single-chip microcomputer
Individual hour integral point transmitting once continue 10ms 12KHZ pulse signal, by power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5.
6. module converts electric energy to acoustic energy with underwater acoustic transducer, and in seabed, underwater sound synchronizing signal is launched in timing；
3rd step, habitata instrument uses common crystals timing, and each hour of clock has deviation, and deviation is measured in ms
Level.Meanwhile, the maximum distance of underwater sound emitter and habitata instrument is less than 6000 meters, and 12KHZ underwater sounds transmission rate is about
It is 1.5km/s, transmission time up to 4s.So the 1s that habitata instrument is arranged on before each integral point arrives opens data
Collection, starts to receive underwater sound signal, and sample rate is set to 48KHZ, after preserving the data of 6s with 10 built-in AD, closes collection.This
Sample can ensure that in the data of preservation comprising the 12KHZ underwater sound signals for receiving and preserve；
4th step, at the end of habitata, habitata instrument and underwater sound emitter are reclaimed together.What the present invention was provided
Host computer procedure, is analyzed to the 12KHZ underwater sound signals that habitata instrument is collected, underwater sound emitter after stabilization collection
Relative position with habitata instrument is constant, and the accurate initial time of the underwater sound signal for receiving is exactly clock sync signal,
The faint change that collection receives time interval is exactly the error of habitata instrument clock accuracy.Using the error for obtaining, logarithm
According to resampling correction is carried out, the synchronous data of high precision clock are obtained.
Compared prior art using technology of the invention, the present invention has the advantage that：
1. the clock synchronization device and the method based on underwater sound communication of a kind of submarine geophysics exploration instrument are provided, only
Need a underwater sound emitter with atomic clock, you can all of with underwater sound device sea in the range of synchronous underwater acoustic communication distance
Bottom detection instrument, it is not necessary to atomic clock or the high precision clock circuit with temperature compensation, hardware circuit are used on each instrument
Simply, power consumption and cost are reduced.
2. the clock synchronizing method that the present invention is used, can be after offshore instrument be reclaimed, using the method for software using upper
The instrument reception time of the multiple underwater sound signal that position machine is received to collection is accurately calculated, and computational methods high precision does not increase
Plus hardware circuit and cost, reach the purpose of high precision clock synchronous acquisition.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural schematic block diagram of the clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the integrated circuit connection figure of the clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is power amplification, the match circuit of the clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument of the present invention
With underwater acoustic transducer module circuit diagram.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that the host computer simulation used in the present invention receives the test chart that sound signal analysis are calculated.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.In addition, protection scope of the present invention only should not be limited to following specific
Structure or part or design parameter.
It is of the invention there is provided a kind of clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, mainly include GPS moulds
Block 1., atomic clock 2., single-chip microcomputer 3., power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5. with underwater acoustic transducer 6., wherein：
1., it is used to feed water on land acoustic emission device to clock to GPS module, and standard is obtained by the PPS signal of GPS module
The whole second signal of true clock, is that underwater sound emitter sets initial split-second precision signal.
Atomic clock 2., after the completion of it is used for clock, during under water or without gps signal, it is possible to by the atom of itself
Clock produces high-precision clock signal.
3. single-chip microcomputer is the whole microcontroller of underwater sound emitter, and it is used to receive the PPS signal of GPS module, and leads to
Crossing atomic clock produces continuous high accurate clock signal, control emitter certain hour to launch a underwater sound synchronizing signal.This
Invention is adapted to remote water sound communication using the underwater sound transmission signal of 12KHZ frequencies.
4., it is used to for the 12KHZ frequency pulse signals that single-chip microcomputer is produced to carry out power amplification power amplification circuit, launches
Power will ensure that the communication maximum distance of the underwater sound signal for sending can reach 14,000 meters.Power amplification circuit is larger power consumption
Unit, in order to reduce equipment power dissipation, meet battery cruising time require, the efficiency of radiating circuit is to need emphasis to consider
's.Using D class power amplification circuits, in order to reduce power MOS pipe switching loss, sufficiently large power can be provided to load,
Suitable power MOS pipe drive circuit is selected and designs, the present invention selects IRFP250 power tubes.
5., it is used to carry out impedance matching with the load of underwater acoustic transducer match circuit, obtains more power.Due to water
The impedance value of sonic transducer is larger, and the supply voltage of general emitter is not very high, and radiating circuit need to use boosting transformation
Device carrys out lotus root and closes load, and measurement is analyzed by underwater acoustic transducer mechanical admittance curves, from EE65 shaped iron cores, calculates equiva lent impedance
And the number of turn, make transformer.In order to expeditiously the electrical power of transmitting is passed on transducer, it is necessary to one in series or in parallel
Inductance carries out impedance matching, and capacitive transducer is transformed into purely resistive load.
6., it is used to acoustic energy and electric energy carry out mutual phase transformation to underwater acoustic transducer, is imitated using the piezoelectricity of crystal piezoelectric ceramics
Should or iron-nickel alloy magnetostrictive effect come what is be operated, produced using electrostriction effect and piezo-electric effect and received
Ultrasonic wave.
The underwater sound emitter circuit diagram such as accompanying drawing 2 with atomic clock for using in the present invention.1. circuit is GPS module
GPS.SchDoc, gps signal to single-chip microcomputer, the positive level of V_GPS power supplys and GND power cathodes is transmitted by I2C interfaces SDA and SCL
Supply voltage is provided；2. circuit is Atomic Clock.SchDoc to atomic clock, and single-chip microcomputer is connected by XTALIN and XTALOUT
Input and output, there is provided High Precision Crystal Oscillator signal, the positive level of VCC power supplys and GND power cathodes provide supply voltage；Single-chip microcomputer 3. circuit
It is CPU.SchDoc, is the whole microcontroller of underwater sound emitter, connect the input and output data signal of modules, also wraps
Containing power supply output power supply etc.；Power amplification circuit 4., match circuit be 5. ACOU_ with underwater acoustic transducer circuit 6.
TRANS.SchDoc, is also the core circuit of whole device, and the positive level of PWR power supplys and GND power cathodes provide supply voltage, will be single
RSPA the and RSPB pulse signals of piece machine output carry out power amplification, and impedance matching, energy conversion finally produces sound wave, with sea
Bottom detection instrument carries out underwater sound communication, reaches the synchronous purpose of clock.
Power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5. with underwater acoustic transducer physical circuit ACOU_TRANS.SchDoc 6. such as
Accompanying drawing 3, the pulse signal RSPA and RSPB of single-chip microcomputer output are equal amplitude, and phase differs the square-wave signal of 180 degree.
First the pulse signal to single-chip microcomputer output carries out level conversion.RSPA is connected 1K resistance R43 and R44 with RSPB respectively
To power cathode, connect 10K resistance R27 and R33, is connected to the base stage of bipolarity triode (9013) Q8 and Q2, triode
9013 emitter stages connect power cathode, the negative electrode of connecting triode Q8 and Q2 colelctor electrode to photoelectrical coupler (TLP151A) U5 and U6,
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level that single-chip microcomputer is produced is converted into photoelectrical coupler TLP151A output voltage 8V level, more than power tube IRFP250
Grid source cut-in voltage, could conducting power pipe.
Power amplification circuit 4. part, all the way photoelectrical coupler U5 output pins VOUT series connection 0.1K resistance R46 be connected to
The grid of Q3 and Q5 power tubes, parallel resistance R23 to power cathode；Another road photoelectrical coupler U6 output pins VOUT series connection
0.1K resistance R20 is connected to the grid of power tube Q6 and Q10, parallel resistance R31 to power cathode.Two-way power tube drain electrode difference
The two ends of the primary coil of transformer T2 are connected to, source electrode connects three shunt resistances R66, R67, R68 to power cathode.Transformation
The two ends of the primary coil of device T2 connect resistance R69, electric capacity C29 to high-voltage power supply positive pole respectively, and are connected respectively to two
The negative pole of diode (P6KE-150A) D21 and D22, D21 and D22 positive poles are connected to power cathode.The primary coil of transformer T2
Centre tap connection high-voltage power supply positive pole, four 15000 μ F electric capacity in parallel to power cathode.Two-way power tube IRFP250
Input signal is square wave, and input signal amplitude is equal, phase difference 180 degree.When the input signal of Q3 and Q5 pipes is high level
When, hourglass source electrode conducting has drain current to flow through transformer, and the sense of current is upward；When Q10 and Q6 pipe input signals are
During high level, hourglass source electrode conducting has drain current to flow through transformer, and the sense of current is downward；Now Q3 and Q5 pipes are defeated
Enter signal for low level, in cut-off state.Changed by the electromagnetic energy of transformer T2, transformer is the two such half period
The signal that signal is combined into a complete cycle is added in load two ends.This D classes power amplifier power output is related to supply voltage,
With MOSFET as power amplifying device, the input internal resistance of MOSFET is high, and output resistance is small, and carrying load ability is strong.MOSFET works
Make on off state, its power utilization efficiency high.
Match circuit 5. with underwater acoustic transducer 6. part, the secondary coil two ends inductance L4 in parallel of transformer T2, one
One inductance L5 of end series connection, impedance matching is carried out with underwater acoustic transducer.The other end connection diode D24 positive poles and the diode of L5
The positive pole of the negative pole of D23, diode D24 negative poles and diode D23 is connected to the positive pole HOT_PT of underwater acoustic transducer.Resistance R1 with
Electric capacity C1 is in parallel, is connected in series to two mutually opposing diode D1, D2 in parallel, then be parallel to underwater acoustic transducer positive pole HOT_PT with
Negative pole GND two ends denoisings.Because piezoelectric ceramic transducer is capacity load, therefore need to increase inductance when being tuned matching
The capacitive reactance come in neutralizing circuit, can be using two kinds of forms of one inductance of series connection and an inductance in parallel.The transducer for using
Mechanical admittance curves, and the actual maximum output pulse power of power tube, the primary and secondary coil turn of calculating transformer and need series connection or simultaneously
The equivalent electric sensibility reciprocal of connection, output high-voltage signal HOT_PT and GND are connected to underwater acoustic transducer two ends, convert electric energy to acoustic energy.
When underwater sound emitter launches the lock in time underwater sound signal of regular length, habitata instrument is received by the underwater sound
Device, the underwater sound signal that will be received is preserved.Underwater sound emitter launch time receives time holding base with habitata instrument
This is consistent, and the time that receives determines according to clock maximum deviation and underwater sound communication transmission maximum time, it is ensured that habitata instrument energy
Receive effective underwater sound complete signal and preserve, reach the synchronous purpose of the underwater sound.
Row clock synchronization can be entered using the clock synchronization device of the submarine geophysics exploration instrument of the invention described above
Method, it has precision very high.The clock synchronizing method of the submarine geophysics exploration instrument includes following step
Suddenly：
1. the first step, underwater sound emitter carried out a GPS to clock using GPS module before delivering to seabed, to clock
After the completion of carry out the dispensing of normal survey line, underwater sound emitter selects supply volume according to survey line length, underwater sound emitter and
The maximum distance of habitata instrument is less than 6000 meters, it is ensured that the underwater sound signal of reception is complete and effective.Each underwater sound is sent out
Injection device is fixed on some habitata instrument and is delivered, and can so be reclaimed with habitata instrument；
Second step, underwater sound emitter utilizes atomic clock 2. high-precision timing, and 3. microcontroller is set to every single-chip microcomputer
Individual hour integral point transmitting once continue 10ms 12KHZ pulse signal, by power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5.
6. module converts electric energy to acoustic energy with underwater acoustic transducer, and in seabed, underwater sound synchronizing signal is launched in timing；
3rd step, habitata instrument uses common crystals timing, and each hour of clock has deviation, and deviation is measured in ms
Level.Meanwhile, the maximum distance of underwater sound emitter and habitata instrument is less than 6000 meters, and 12KHZ underwater sounds transmission rate is about
It is 1.5km/s, transmission time up to 4s.So the 1s that habitata instrument is arranged on before each integral point arrives opens data
Collection, starts to receive underwater sound signal, and sample rate is set to 48KHZ, after preserving the data of 6s with 10 built-in AD, closes collection.This
Sample can ensure that in the data of preservation comprising the 12KHZ underwater sound signals for receiving and preserve；
4th step, at the end of habitata, habitata instrument and underwater sound emitter are reclaimed together.What the present invention was provided
Host computer procedure, is analyzed to the 12KHZ underwater sound signals that habitata instrument is collected, underwater sound emitter after stabilization collection
Relative position with habitata instrument is constant, and the accurate initial time of the underwater sound signal for receiving is exactly clock sync signal,
The faint change that collection receives time interval is exactly the error of habitata instrument clock accuracy.Using the error for obtaining, logarithm
According to resampling correction is carried out, the synchronous data of high precision clock are obtained.
The Computing Principle of the host computer procedure that the present invention is provided is the range value for calculating 12KHZ in data spectrum paragraph by paragraph, frequency
When rate is most strong 12KHZ signals, illustrate to have received the signal of 12KHZ.Due to only needing to calculate the single-frequency for receiving
Spectrum amplitude, therefore Analysis of Magnitude-Frequency Characteristic is carried out using Goertzel conversion, it is a kind of fast algorithm of DFT, can be from given
The energy of a certain set specific frequency signal is obtained in sampling.
The duration for launching underwater sound signal is t, and sample_rate is sample rate, and target_freq is frequency spectrum to be calculated
Frequency, be calculated block length for N, constant k and frequency spectrum angular frequency w are：
N=t*sample_rate
K=(N*target_freq)/sample_rate
W=(2* π/N) * k
At the beginning of calculating, it is necessary to which Q1 and Q2 are initialized as into 0.Each value is required for according to following three etc. afterwards
Formula is calculated, and wherein Q0, Q1, Q2 are the intermediate variable for calculating, and to calculate cosine, sample is initially first sampling to cos
The value of point：
Q0=2*cos (w) * Q1-Q2+sample
Q2=Q1
Q1=Q0
Calculate each time, sample is the value of next sampled point.After n times calculating is carried out, first can be obtained
Sampled point to n-th sampled point a segment length for N sampled data in frequency amplitude H to be measured be：
H=Q1-Q2*cos (w)
Calculating for the N+1 times can obtain from second sampled point to the N+1 length of sampled point being to be measured in the data of N
Frequency amplitude, by that analogy, can obtain frequency amplitude to be measured in the data that each segment length of whole segment data is N, draw out
12KHZ amplitude curve figures.Find peak and can obtain the accurate underwater sound reception time.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the test chart of the underwater sound signal that simulation is received.One section of sample rate is simulated for 48KHZ, length is
The data of 100ms.It is superimposed by the 12KHZ signals and one section of noise signal of 100ms of one section of noiselessness 10ms, simulates seabed and connect
The underwater sound signal for receiving.Depict a 12KHZ amplitude curve figure by above-mentioned computational methods, it can be seen that curve peak with
12KHZ receiving points correspondence, can accurately be received the time.By the knot for repeatedly simulating different noise signals and actual test
Fruit obtains, and the time precision of test meets the requirements.After repeatedly being received the precise time of underwater sound signal, due to transmitting underwater sound letter
What the high accuracy atomic clock of number time was produced, it is to send once whole hour that time interval is set, underwater sound transmitting dress after stabilization collection
Put constant with the relative position of habitata instrument, the faint change that collection receives time interval is exactly habitata instrument clock
The error of precision.Using the error for obtaining, resampling correction is carried out to data, obtain the synchronous data of high precision clock, reached
The purpose of clock synchronous acquisition.
The method based on underwater sound communication that the present invention is provided, simply uses a underwater sound emitter with atomic clock,
Can be all of with underwater sound device habitata instrument in the range of synchronous underwater acoustic communication distance.Because atomic clock is expensive, and
One survey line needs up to a hundred instruments when submarine geophysics is explored, and this method need not use atomic clock on each instrument
Or the high precision clock circuit with temperature compensation, in seabed during cloth survey line, as long as every a segment distance, cloth penetrates the water with atomic clock
Acoustic emission device, it is possible to be synchronized to all habitata instruments in underwater sound transmission range, greatly reduce the number of atomic clock
Amount, it is not required that redesign high precision clock circuit or the crystal oscillator with temperature compensation, hardware circuit are simple, reduce power consumption and cost.
Underwater sound emitter can be fixed or be integrated on habitata instrument, reduce cost recovery.Received for the existing underwater sound and filled
The habitata instrument put need not change circuit structure substantially, can gather the water of certain hour by updating Software for Design
Sound data are simultaneously preserved.Reclaim offshore instrument after, using software method using host computer to collection receive it is multiple
Underwater sound signal is analyzed calculating, by repeatedly simulation and the checking of actual test, has reached high precision clock synchronous acquisition
Purpose, realizes the high precision clock synchronous acquisition of habitata instrument.
Underwater sound emitter with atomic clock used in the present invention, mainly including GPS module, atomic clock, single-chip microcomputer,
The parts such as power amplification circuit, match circuit and underwater acoustic transducer.GPS module feeds water acoustic emission device to clock on land, right
After the completion of clock, it is possible to produce high-precision clock signal by the atomic clock of itself.In scm software design, set certain
Time launches a underwater sound signal and enters row clock synchronization.The present invention is adapted to long-range water using the underwater sound transmission signal of 12KHZ frequencies
Sound communication.Underwater sound radiating circuit is the larger unit of power consumption in underwater sound emitter, in order to reduce equipment power dissipation, meets battery
Cruising time require that the efficiency of radiating circuit needs emphasis to consider.Therefore from PWM (pulse width modulation) forms D
Class power amplification circuit, the digital signal conversion that single-chip microcomputer is produced goes to control high-power switch device into the pulse signal of PWM
On/off signal power amplifier, also referred to as switching amplifier are good with efficiency high, small volume, low distortion, frequency response curve
Deng outstanding advantages.The mechanical admittance curves of measurement transducer, calculating transformer parameter and matching inductance, for specific transducer, if
Meter match circuit, pulse transmission power can reach 300W, communicate 14,000 meter of maximum distance.
When the lock in time underwater sound signal of regular length is launched in seabed, habitata instrument passes through water to underwater sound emitter
Sound reception device, the underwater sound signal that will be received is preserved.Underwater sound emitter launch time receives the time with habitata instrument
Keep basically identical, the time that receives determines according to clock maximum deviation and underwater sound communication transmission maximum time, it is ensured that habitata
Instrument can receive effective underwater sound complete signal and preserve.
The host computer procedure that the present invention is provided, the 12KHZ underwater sound signals reception time collected to habitata instrument enters
Row is accurate to be calculated, and obtains the clock jitter of instrument, and resampling correction is carried out to instrument data, reaches high precision clock synchronous acquisition
Effect.Computing Principle is that the docking collection of letters number carries out spectrum analysis, and when frequency is most strong 12KHZ signals, explanation have received
The signal of 12KHZ.Due to only needing to calculate the spectrum amplitude of the single-frequency for receiving, therefore carried out using Goertzel conversion
Analysis of Magnitude-Frequency Characteristic, this is a kind of fast algorithm of DFT, and the energy of a certain set specific frequency signal can be obtained from given sampling
Amount.Docking was collected mail and move after number one by one sampled point as calculation window duration with transmission signal, when moving to comprising receiving water
During acoustical signal, range value starts increase；When move to data just completely include receive underwater sound signal when, range value reaches most
Greatly, it may be determined that the accurate underwater sound receives the time.
After repeatedly being received the precise time of underwater sound signal, because the high accuracy atomic clock for launching the underwater sound signal time is produced
Raw, underwater sound emitter is constant with the relative position of habitata instrument after stabilization collection, and collection receives the micro- of time interval
Weak change is exactly the error of habitata instrument clock accuracy.Using the error for obtaining, resampling correction is carried out to data, obtained
The synchronous data of high precision clock, have reached the purpose of clock synchronous acquisition.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art is appreciated that without departing substantially from appended right
It is required that in the case of the spirit and scope of the present invention of definition, various modifications can be made in form and details.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, its mainly include GPS module 1., atomic clock 2.,
Single-chip microcomputer 3., power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5. with underwater acoustic transducer 6., wherein：
1., it is used to feed water on land acoustic emission device to clock to GPS module, is obtained accurately by the PPS signal of GPS module
The whole second signal of clock, is that underwater sound emitter sets initial split-second precision signal；
2. atomic clock, after the completion of it is used for clock, during under water or without gps signal, is produced high-precision by the atomic clock of itself
The clock signal of degree；
3. single-chip microcomputer is the whole microcontroller of underwater sound emitter, its PPS signal for being used to receive GPS module, and by original
Secondary clock produces continuous high accurate clock signal, control emitter certain hour to launch a underwater sound synchronizing signal；
4., it is used to for the certain frequency pulse signal that single-chip microcomputer is produced to carry out power amplification, power amplification power amplification circuit
Circuit uses D class power amplification circuits；
5., it is used to carry out impedance matching with the load of underwater acoustic transducer match circuit, and radiating circuit uses step-up transformer
Lotus root closes load；
6., it is used to acoustic energy and electric energy carry out mutual phase transformation to underwater acoustic transducer, using crystal piezoelectric ceramics piezo-electric effect or
The magnetostrictive effect of iron-nickel alloy produces and receives ultrasound come what is be operated using electrostriction effect and piezo-electric effect
Ripple.
2. the clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that power
4. amplifying circuit is used to for the 12KHZ frequency pulse signals that single-chip microcomputer is produced to carry out power amplification.
3. the clock synchronization device of submarine geophysics exploration instrument according to claim 2, it is characterised in that power
Amplifying circuit uses IRFP250 power tubes.
4. a kind of clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, it uses the underwater sound with atomic clock to launch
Device, setting certain time interval repeatedly launches underwater sound signal, and habitata instrument opens reception device in the designated time, and
Preserve and receive data；After reclaiming offshore instrument, the multiple underwater sound signal collected to habitata instrument using host computer is received
Time is accurately calculated, and reaches the purpose of high precision clock synchronous acquisition.
5. the clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in sea
It is constant in underwater sound emitter habitata instrument relative position after the completion of bottom detection instrument and underwater sound emitter are all delivered
In the case of, underwater sound emitter setting certain time interval launches multiple 12KHZ underwater sound signals, and habitata instrument is in agreement
Time receives signal and preserves.
6. the clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument according to claim 4, it is characterised in that reclaim
After offshore instrument, receive the multiple underwater sound signal that habitata instrument is collected the time using host computer and accurately calculated,
The deviation of instrument internal time is obtained, and then instrument data is corrected, reach the purpose of high precision clock synchronous acquisition.
7. the clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument according to claim 6, it is characterised in that to send out
Duration of signal is penetrated for calculation window, docking is collected mail and move after number one by one sampled point, carries out spectrum analysis, determines useful signal
Position, obtain the exact value of reception time.
8. a kind of clock synchronizing method of submarine geophysics exploration instrument, it is comprised the following steps：
1. the first step, underwater sound emitter carried out a GPS to clock using GPS module before delivering to seabed, and clock is completed
The dispensing of normal survey line is carried out afterwards, and underwater sound emitter selects supply volume according to survey line length；Each underwater sound emitter
It is fixed on some habitata instrument and is delivered；
Second step, underwater sound emitter using atomic clock 2. high-precision timing, single-chip microcomputer 3. microcontroller be set to it is small at each
When integral point transmitting once continue 10ms 12KHZ pulse signal, by power amplification circuit 4., match circuit 5. and water
6. module converts electric energy to acoustic energy to sonic transducer, and in seabed, underwater sound synchronizing signal is launched in timing；
3rd step, habitata instrument uses common crystals meter, habitata instrument to be arranged on the 1s before each integral point arrives
Data acquisition is opened, starts to receive underwater sound signal；
4th step, at the end of habitata, habitata instrument and underwater sound emitter are reclaimed together, using the underwater sound for receiving
The accurate initial time of signal and collection receive the faint change of time interval, and resampling correction is carried out to data, obtain high-precision
The synchronous data of degree clock.
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