CN106788639A - A kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage - Google Patents

A kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106788639A
CN106788639A CN201710134145.4A CN201710134145A CN106788639A CN 106788639 A CN106788639 A CN 106788639A CN 201710134145 A CN201710134145 A CN 201710134145A CN 106788639 A CN106788639 A CN 106788639A
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channel
multiplexer
receiving
signal
formula
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高西奇
王闻今
江枕声
余超
丁俊朋
赵越
施屹
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage, multiplexer, directional coupler, phase compensation block, control signal module and baseband processing module are configured by base station side, channel error is corrected；The output end connection receiving channel of multiplexer, the first input end connection transmission channel of multiplexer, the second input connection outside source of multiplexer, 3rd input of multiplexer connects the receiving terminal of antenna, whether control signal module controls access phase compensation block between multiplexer routing and receiving channel and baseband processing module, control signal module also controls the selection of the function and system operating mode of baseband processing module, and system operating mode includes receiving channels calibration pattern, transmitting channel correction pattern and normal transceiver mode.Hardware configuration of the present invention is simple, and quickly and accurately extensive passage can be corrected, and receiving channels calibration parameter and transmitting channel correction parameter can effectively eliminate the influence that channel error brings.

Description

A kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage
Technical field
The present invention relates to extensive mimo transmission system, more particularly to a kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage.
Background technology
The essential characteristic of extensive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system is to configure large-scale aerial array in base station side. Large-scale aerial array provides spatial resolution very high, and different user can be on same running time-frequency resource using different Spatial degrees of freedom is communicated with base station, such that it is able to reach spectrum efficiency higher.Further, since the wave beam of user can be limited In the range of very little, inter-user interference is significantly reduced system.In extensive mimo system, the transmitting work(of every antenna of base station side Rate and number of antennas square are in inverse ratio, so as to significantly reduce system emission power, more conform to the theory of green communications. Above-mentioned advantage causes that extensive MIMO technology has obtained the extensive concern of wireless communication field.
In fact, transmission channel not only includes wireless channel, also including the radio circuit of transmitting-receiving both sides.Base station side is configured Multi-antenna array and many transceiver channels certainly exist systematic error, not only in hardware design, circuit manufacture on and machinery Error can be caused in processing, the change of environment, the coupling of antenna, the aging of device can also cause error.These errors are finally led The amplitude of each passage and the inconsistency of phase are caused.From the angle of signal transmission, the inconsistency of amplitude and phase equivalent to Distortion is caused to wireless channel, the performance of extensive MIMO transmission is have impact on.
Channel correcting technology is particularly significant to the Project Realization of extensive mimo system.It is hardware corrected due to radio-frequency channel Method has the features such as complexity is low, speed is fast, accuracy is high, is applied in practice.However, of the prior art hard Part bearing calibration normally only for the transmission method for being carried out precoding in TDD system by transient channel information, is united for utilizing Count the extensive MIMO transmission transmission method of channel information, it usually needs respectively to base station side receiving channel and transmission channel not Uniformity is corrected.The present invention proposes a kind of hardware corrected method, and base station side receiving channel and transmission channel are entered respectively Row correction.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：Base station side receiving channel and transmission channel can be differed respectively it is an object of the invention to provide one kind The hardware corrected method that cause property is corrected.
Technical scheme：To reach this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
The hardware corrected method of extensive passage of the present invention, multiplexer, directional couple are configured by base station side Device, control signal module, phase compensation block and baseband processing module, are corrected to channel error；The output end of multiplexer Connection receiving channel, the first input end connection transmission channel of multiplexer, the second input connection outside source of multiplexer, 3rd input of multiplexer connects the receiving terminal of antenna, control signal module control multiplexer routing and receiving channel and base Whether phase compensation block is accessed between tape handling module, and control signal module also controls the function and system of baseband processing module The selection of mode of operation, system operating mode includes receiving channels calibration pattern, transmitting channel correction pattern and normally receives and dispatches mould Formula.
Further, when system is operated in receiving channels calibration pattern, the control multiplexer selection output of control signal module The signal of the second input, phase compensation block, baseband processing module are accessed between control receiving channel and baseband processing module Signal according to receiving is calculated, and obtains the correction parameter of receiving channel.
Further, the correction parameter Γ of the receiving channelRAs shown in formula (1)：
In formula (1),As shown in formula (2)：
In formula (2), M is the quantity of base station side antenna,For n-th under receiving channels calibration pattern1The secondary signal for receiving, N1It is signal collection number of times total under receiving channels calibration pattern.
Further, when system is operated in transmitting channel correction pattern, control signal control multiplexer selection output first The signal of input, phase compensation block, baseband processing module root are not accessed between control receiving channel and baseband processing module Calculated according to the signal for receiving, obtained the correction parameter of transmission channel.
Further, the correction parameter Γ of the transmission channelTAs shown in formula (3)：
In formula (3),As shown in formula (4)：
In formula (4), M is the quantity of base station side antenna,For n-th under transmitting channel correction pattern2The secondary letter for receiving Number, N2It is signal collection number of times total under transmitting channel correction pattern, P " as shown in formula (5),As shown in formula (6)：
P "=diag (p1,...,pm,...,pM) (5)
In formula (5), for m={ 1,2 ..., M }, | pm|2=1；
In formula (6),For n-th under receiving channels calibration pattern1The secondary signal for receiving, N1It is receiving channels calibration pattern The lower number of times for receiving signal.
Further, after receiving channels calibration and transmitting channel correction are finished, baseband processing module control multiplexer selection is defeated Go out the signal of the 3rd input, not phase compensation block, system work are accessed between control receiving channel and baseband processing module In normal transceiver mode.
Beneficial effect：The invention discloses a kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage, carried out using simple hardware Correction, quickly and accurately can be corrected to extensive passage, and receiving channels calibration parameter and transmitting channel correction Parameter can effectively eliminate the influence that channel error brings, so as to lift the performance of extensive MIMO transmission.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of multiplexer in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of system in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the workflow of system in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further introduced with reference to specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Consider extensive MIMO BDMA Transmission systems, base station side configuration large-scale antenna array, this specific embodiment is public A kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage is opened, the system of use includes multigroup transceiver channel, as shown in Figure 2.Every group of receipts Hair passage includes bay, multiplexer, transmission channel, receiving channel, phase compensation block, up-converter module and down coversion mould Block.All bays share a baseband processing module, and outside source delivers to each group transceiver channel by power divider In multiplexer.In the case where channel error is not considered, uplink and downlink channel matrix can be expressed as HuAnd Hd.Greatly Physical channel is transformed into Beam Domain in scale MIMO BDMA transmission, and is different user according to the openness of Beam Domain channel The different beam set of distribution is transmitted, and so as to multiuser MIMO link is decomposed into multiple Single User MIMO links, reduces The complexity of transmission.However, for practical communication system, complete communication channel not only includes aerial wireless channel, Radio circuit including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal.The rf gain mismatch that radio circuit causes can cause to be deposited between each transceiver channel In amplitude and the inconsistency of phase.When there are passage sensor gain and phase uncertainties, up-downgoing Beam Domain channel energy can spread, BDMA transmission performances are caused significantly to decline.Influence due to user side channel error to extensive MIMO BDMA transmission performances Very little, therefore only need to be corrected the inconsistency of base station side transmission channel and receiving channel.
When difference between channels are considered, uplink and downlink channel is expressed as：
Wherein ΛRAnd ΛTThe rf gain matrix of receiving channel and the rf gain matrix of transmission channel are represented respectively, it Generally it can be thought that be diagonal matrix, and keep in a long time constant.
Wherein diag () is represented by the computing of vector generation diagonal matrix, ρrmAnd αrmThe width of receiving channel m is represented respectively Degree gain and phase gain, ρtmAnd αtmThe amplitude gain and phase gain of transmission channel m are represented respectively.
Multiplexer is successively from left to right first input end, the second input, as shown in figure 1, it has four inputs Three inputs and the 4th input, the input signal I of first input end1Represent, the input signal I of the second input2Table Show, the input signal I of the 3rd input3Represent, the input signal I of the 4th input4Represent.Multiplexer has two controls End processed, respectively C1And C2.Multiplexer also has an output end, is O1.The output end of multiplexer is connected to receiving channel, many The first input end connection transmission channel of work device, the second input of multiplexer connects outside source by power divider, 3rd input of multiplexer connects the receiving terminal of bay, the 4th input end grounding of multiplexer.Control signal module control Multiplexer routing processed, the function of controlling whether access phase compensation block and baseband processing module, so as to select correction system Mode of operation is receiving channels calibration pattern, transmitting channel correction pattern or normal transceiver mode.
Control signal module and multiplexer routing, the pass for whether accessing phase compensation block and baseband processing module function System is as shown in table 1.
The control signal module of table 1 and multiplexer routing, whether access phase compensation block and baseband processing module function Relation table
When system is operated in receiving channels calibration pattern, baseband processing module control multiplexer selection output second is input into The signal at end, phase compensation block is accessed, the phase compensation value C of passage mmAs shown in formula (5), baseband processing module is to lower change The signal of frequency module output is calculated, and obtains the correction parameter of receiving channel.
In formula (5), dmIt is the path length between m-th second input and power divider of multiplexer, β is medium Phase-shift constant.Carry out phase difference due to path different band after phase compensation, in baseband processing module reception signal to be disappeared Remove.
External signal source signal is made by being after power divider：
Can obtain in receiving channels calibration pattern, the signal that baseband processing module is received is：
R '=α ' ΛRP′+Z′ (7)
Wherein α ' is an invariant, Z '=diag (z '1,…,z′m,…,z′M), noise obeys the multiple height that average is zero This distribution.
Because noise signal has randomness, can collect the method that be averaged using multiple signal to reduce the shadow of noise Ring.Assuming that carrying out N1Secondary signal collection, can obtain：
Receiving channel error parameter is estimated as from the foregoing：
Wherein,For n-th under receiving channels calibration pattern1The secondary signal for receiving, N1For under receiving channels calibration pattern Receive the number of times of signal.According to relative correction principle (P ')-1/(α′N1) do not interfere with the performance of wave beam forming, energy normalized Being estimated as channel error parameter is received afterwards：
Wherein tr () represents the mark for seeking matrix.Each receiving channels calibration parameter can be obtained is
When system is operated in transmitting channel correction pattern, baseband processing module control multiplexer selection output first is input into The signal at end, phase compensation block is not accessed, and the reception signal according to baseband processing module obtains the correction ginseng of transmission channel Number.
The signal that transmission channel sends is made by being after directional coupler：
P "=diag (p1,...,pm,...,pM) (11)
And | p1|2=...=| pM|2=1.In this mode, the reception signal of baseband processing module is：
R "=α " ΛTΛRP″+Z″ (12)
Wherein α " is an invariant, Z "=diag (z "1,…,z″m,…,z″M)。
Ibid, the influence that can be brought with tired and elimination thermal noise, it is assumed that obtain N groups and receive data：
WhereinFor n-th under transmitting channel correction pattern2The secondary signal for receiving, N2To believe under transmitting channel correction pattern Number collection frequence.
Can obtain：
Do not consider invariant, the estimation of transmission channel error parameter can be expressed as after energy normalized
Therefore each transmitting channel correction parameter is
Obtaining ΓRAnd ΓTAfterwards, the correction parameter of receiving channel and transmission channel can be introduced to eliminate channel amplitude With the influence of Sensor gain and phase perturbations, normal transceiver mode is entered back into.Correction parameter can effectively reduce the ripple that channel error causes The channel energy diffusion of beam domain, the performance of lifting BDMA transmission.Because base station-side hardware performance tends towards stability and environment conversion is relative Relatively slow, channel correcting only needs to be performed once in longer time (such as several hours).
After channel correcting being carried out using the correction parameter for obtaining, baseband processing module control multiplexer selection output the 3rd The signal of input, phase compensation block is not accessed, and correction system works in normal transceiver mode.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage, it is characterised in that：Multiplexer, directional couple are configured by base station side Device, control signal module, phase compensation block and baseband processing module, are corrected to channel error；The output end of multiplexer Connection receiving channel, the first input end connection transmission channel of multiplexer, the second input connection outside source of multiplexer, 3rd input of multiplexer connects the receiving terminal of antenna, control signal module control multiplexer routing and receiving channel and base Whether phase compensation block is accessed between tape handling module, and control signal module also controls the function and system of baseband processing module The selection of mode of operation, system operating mode includes receiving channels calibration pattern, transmitting channel correction pattern and normally receives and dispatches mould Formula.
2. the hardware corrected method of extensive passage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When system is operated in reception During channel correcting pattern, control signal module control multiplexer selection output the second input signal, control receiving channel with Phase compensation block is accessed between baseband processing module, baseband processing module is calculated according to the signal for receiving, connect Receive the correction parameter of passage.
3. the hardware corrected method of extensive passage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The school of the receiving channel Positive parameter ΓRAs shown in formula (1)：
Γ R = ( Λ ~ R ) - 1 - - - ( 1 )
In formula (1),As shown in formula (2)：
Λ ~ R = M t r ( ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) · ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) * ) · ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) - - - ( 2 )
In formula (2), M is the quantity of base station side antenna,For n-th under receiving channels calibration pattern1The secondary signal for receiving, N1For Signal collection number of times total under receiving channels calibration pattern.
4. the hardware corrected method of extensive passage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When system is operated in transmitting During channel correcting pattern, the signal of control signal control multiplexer selection output first input end controls receiving channel and base band Phase compensation block is not accessed between processing module, baseband processing module is calculated according to the signal for receiving, launched The correction parameter of passage.
5. the hardware corrected method of extensive passage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The school of the transmission channel Positive parameter ΓTAs shown in formula (3)：
Γ T = ( Λ ~ T ) - 1 - - - ( 3 )
In formula (3),As shown in formula (4)：
Λ ~ T = M t r ( ( Σ n 2 = 1 N 2 R n 2 ′ ′ ) · ( Σ n 2 = 1 N 2 R n 2 ′ ′ ) * ) · ( Σ n 2 = 1 N 2 R n 2 ′ ′ ) ( P ′ ′ Λ ~ R ) - 1 - - - ( 4 )
In formula (4), M is the quantity of base station side antenna,It is the signal that the n-th 2 times receive under transmitting channel correction pattern, N2 It is signal collection number of times total under transmitting channel correction pattern, P " as shown in formula (5),As shown in formula (6)：
P "=diag (p1,...,pm,...,pM) (5)
In formula (5), for m={ 1,2 ..., M }, | pm|2=1；
Λ ~ R = M t r ( ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) · ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) * ) · ( Σ n 1 = 1 N 1 R n 1 ′ ) - - - ( 6 )
In formula (6),It is the signal that the n-th 1 times receive under receiving channels calibration pattern, N1For under receiving channels calibration pattern Receive the number of times of signal.
6. the hardware corrected method of extensive passage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Receiving channels calibration and hair Penetrate after channel correcting finishes, the signal of baseband processing module control multiplexer selection the 3rd input of output controls receiving channel Not phase compensation block is accessed between baseband processing module, system works in normal transceiver mode.
CN201710134145.4A 2017-03-08 2017-03-08 A kind of hardware corrected method of extensive passage Pending CN106788639A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109104255A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-12-28 东南大学 A kind of hardware corrected system of extensive broadband channel
CN113872645A (en) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-31 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 Method, apparatus, processor and computer readable storage medium for implementing reciprocity calibration of MIMO channel simulator

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CN103595665A (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-02-19 华为技术有限公司 Channel correction method, channel correction apparatus and wireless access system
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109104255A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-12-28 东南大学 A kind of hardware corrected system of extensive broadband channel
CN113872645A (en) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-31 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 Method, apparatus, processor and computer readable storage medium for implementing reciprocity calibration of MIMO channel simulator
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