CN106788000A - A kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit and its drive control method - Google Patents
A kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit and its drive control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106788000A CN106788000A CN201611097735.6A CN201611097735A CN106788000A CN 106788000 A CN106788000 A CN 106788000A CN 201611097735 A CN201611097735 A CN 201611097735A CN 106788000 A CN106788000 A CN 106788000A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
- H02P6/22—Arrangements for starting in a selected direction of rotation
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Abstract
The present invention is applied to power electronics and field of electric control, there is provided a kind of motor frequency conversion starts and speed-regulating control circuit and its drive control method, and the circuit includes：Frequency conversion control unit, for generating trigger signal；Two-way switch unit, for controlling two-way gating according to the trigger signal, so as to single phase industrial frequence AC power is changed into three phase variable frequency AC power, and forms the electric machine rotary magnetic field of speed variable, and controlled motor starts and speed governing；Protection location, for detecting current of electric, and by pwm chopper controlled motor electric current.Touching signals control bidirectional triode thyristor of the present invention carries out two-way admittance under single phase industrial frequence AC power, and the electric machine rotary magnetic field of three phase variable frequency alternating current and speed variable is produced in selective turn on process by bidirectional triode thyristor, so as to realize the startup and speed governing of motor, and the present invention is simple and reliable for structure, low cost, has expanded the use scope of three-phase permanent and asynchronous machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine field, more particularly to a kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit and its drive control side
Method.
Background technology
At present, three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with its simple structure, firmly, operation efficiently, velocity-stabilization, the people produce,
Applied in life more and more extensively, wherein three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and BLDC (Brushless Direct Current
Motor, brshless DC motor) driver is used in combination, with small volume, lightweight, efficiency high, adjustable rotating speed, structure
Simply, reliable operation, it is easy to maintenance the advantages of, can adapt to motor miniaturization, high-output power and in direct current supply
Under use, thus be applied to more and more in household electrical appliance, electric tool, medicine equipment and light equipment.
However, three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot but work under single phase industrial frequence alternating source, even if three-phase permanent synchronization
The stator winding of motor can produce the rotating excitation field synchronous with electric voltage frequency, but ought turn when three-phase main-frequency alternating source is connected
When sub- magnetic pole is static, when its rotary inertia and its larger load torque, atwirl stator field causes the forward and reverse conjunction of rotor
It is 0 into torque, therefore, rotor cannot voluntarily start rotation, cause three-phase synchronous magneto step-out and start failure.
In the prior art, it is typically employed in the mode for being set on the rotor of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and starting mouse cage winding
Make it produce asynchronous induction torque to start, or stator field is slowly accelerated rotation using variable-frequency governor, so that motor is forever
Magnet rotor can slowly accelerate to rotate, and realize the startup of permagnetic synchronous motor.
But, due on rotor plus starting mouse cage winding complex process, relatively costly, and frequency-changing speed-regulating driver price
It is again more expensive, it is impossible to three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is used in more occasions, therefore using the permagnetic synchronous motor of prior art
Have impact on promoting the use of for three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit, it is intended to solve existing mode
When realizing that three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor starts, complex process, relatively costly problem.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit, is connected to single-phase fixed frequency
Between rate AC power and three phase electric machine, the circuit includes：
Frequency conversion control unit, for generating trigger signal, the first power end of the frequency conversion control unit, second source end
The two ends with single-phase fixed frequency alternating current are connected respectively, three output ends correspondence and the U of motor of the frequency conversion control unit
End, V ends, the connection of W ends；
Two-way switch unit, for controlling two-way gating according to the trigger signal, so as to by single phase industrial frequence AC power
It is changed into three phase variable frequency alternating current, and forms the electric machine rotary magnetic field of speed variable, startup and the speed governing fortune of controlled motor
OK, the first input end of the two-way switch unit is connected with the first power end of the frequency conversion control unit, the two-way opened
Close multiple trigger control ends connection corresponding with multiple trigger output ends of the frequency conversion control unit of unit, the two-way switch
The U ends of the first output end of unit, the second output end, the 3rd output end correspondence and motor, V ends, W ends are connected；
Protection location, for detecting current of electric, and by pwm chopper controlled motor electric current, the protection location
First end be connected with the second input of the two-way switch unit, the second end and the VFC of the protection location
The second source end connection of unit, the detection output of the protection location is connected with the feedback end of the frequency conversion control unit,
The pulse-width controlled end of the protection location is connected with the pulsewidth triggering end of the frequency conversion control unit.
The another object of the embodiment of the present invention is, there is provided a kind of drive including above-mentioned electric motor starting and frequency conversion control circuit
Flowing control method, the trigger signal controls the switch of half control type bidirectional electronic switch two to simultaneously turn on, the trigger signal
Rotating forward cyclic switching order be six steps：
12/45 alternate conduction -23/56 alternate conduction -34/61 alternate conduction -45/12 alternate conduction -56/23 replaces
- 61/34 alternate conduction of conducting-；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
The another object of the embodiment of the present invention is, there is provided a kind of drive including above-mentioned electric motor starting and frequency conversion control circuit
Flowing control method, the trigger signal controls the switch of half control type bidirectional electronic switch three to simultaneously turn on, the trigger signal
Rotating forward cyclic switching order be six steps：
123/456 alternate conduction -234/561 alternate conduction -345/612 alternate conduction -456/123 alternate conduction -
561/234 alternate conduction -612/345 alternate conduction -；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
The another object of the embodiment of the present invention is, there is provided a kind of drive including above-mentioned electric motor starting and frequency conversion control circuit
Flowing control method, the trigger signal controls the half control type bidirectional electronic switch to be simultaneously turned on three switches simultaneously for two switches
Conducting is interspersed to be carried out, and the rotating forward cyclic switching order of the trigger signal is 12 steps：
12/45 alternate conduction -123/456 alternate conduction -23/56 alternate conduction -234/561 alternate conduction -34/61
Alternate conduction -345/612 alternate conduction -45/12 alternate conduction -456/123 alternate conduction -56/23 alternate conduction -
561/234 alternate conduction -61/34 alternate conduction -612/345 alternate conduction -；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
It is two-way that embodiment of the present invention touching signals control each bidirectional triode thyristor to be carried out under single-phase fixed frequency AC power
Conducting, and single-phase fixed frequency AC power is changed into by three phase variable frequency exchange in selective turn on process by bidirectional triode thyristor
The electric machine rotary magnetic field of electricity and variable velocity, so as to realize startup and the speed governing operation of motor, and simple structure of the present invention can
Lean on, low cost, expanded the use scope of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of electric motor starting provided in an embodiment of the present invention and speed-regulating control circuit；
Fig. 2 be position sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit in VFC
The structure chart of unit；
Fig. 3 be position-sensor-free provided in an embodiment of the present invention electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit in VFC
The structure chart of unit.
Fig. 4 a are the step rotating of two switch conduction six of electric motor starting provided in an embodiment of the present invention and speed-regulating control circuit
Sequence of switches schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 b are the step rotating of three switch conduction six of electric motor starting provided in an embodiment of the present invention and speed-regulating control circuit
Sequence of switches schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 c are two switches, the three switch alternate conductions of electric motor starting provided in an embodiment of the present invention and speed-regulating control circuit
12 step forward-reverse switch transfer sequence schematic diagrames.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each implementation method
Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
It is two-way that embodiment of the present invention touching signals control each bidirectional triode thyristor to be carried out under single-phase fixed frequency AC power
Conducting, and single-phase fixed frequency AC power is changed into by three phase variable frequency exchange in selective turn on process by bidirectional triode thyristor
The electric machine rotary magnetic field of electricity and variable velocity, so as to realize startup and the speed governing operation of motor, and simple structure of the present invention can
Lean on, low cost, expanded the use scope of magneto.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of electric motor starting provided in an embodiment of the present invention and speed-regulating control circuit, for convenience of description,
Illustrate only part related to the present invention.
Used as one embodiment of the invention, the self-starting control circuit for motor can drive permagnetic synchronous motor, it is also possible to drive
Dynamic asynchronous machine, is widely used in the devices such as blower fan, water pump, electrical machine energy-saving, frequency control, high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
The electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit are connected between single-phase fixed frequency AC power and three phase electric machine, bag
Include：
Frequency conversion control unit 100, for generating trigger signal, the first power end of frequency conversion control unit, second source end
The two ends with single-phase fixed frequency AC power are connected respectively, the U ends of three output ends of frequency conversion control unit correspondence and motor,
V ends, the connection of W ends；
Two-way switch unit 200, for the two-way gating according to the internal each switch of trigger signal control, so as to by single-phase work
Frequency AC power is changed into the electric machine rotary magnetic field of three phase variable frequency alternating current and speed variable, and controlled motor starts and speed governing operation,
The first input end of two-way switch unit is connected with the first power end of frequency conversion control unit, multiple triggerings of two-way switch unit
Control end connection corresponding with multiple trigger output ends of frequency conversion control unit, it is the first output end of two-way switch unit, second defeated
Go out end, the 3rd output end correspondence to be connected with the U ends of motor, V ends, W ends；
Protection location 300, for detecting current of electric, and by pwm chopper controlled motor electric current, protection location
First end be connected with the second input of two-way switch unit, the second electricity of the second end of protection location and frequency conversion control unit
Source is connected, and the detection output Vi of protection location is connected with the feedback end of frequency conversion control unit, the pulse-width controlled of protection location
End is connected with the pulsewidth triggering end G7 of frequency conversion control unit.
Preferably, circuit also includes a switch K0, the first power end of frequency conversion control unit 100 by switch K0 with it is single-phase
Fixed frequency AC power is connected.
Specifically, two-way switch unit 200 is three phase full bridge structure, including six half control type bidirectional electronic switch, respectively
For：First two-way switch K1, the second two-way switch K2, the 3rd two-way switch K3, the 4th two-way switch K4, the 5th two-way switch K5
With the 6th two-way switch K6；
First two-way switch K1, the 3rd two-way switch K3, the first anode of the 5th two-way switch K5 are simultaneously two-way switch
The first input end of unit 200, the first two-way switch K1, the 3rd two-way switch K3, the second plate point of the 5th two-way switch K5
Not Wei two-way switch unit 200 the first output end U, the second output end V, the 3rd output end W, the first two-way switch K1, the 3rd
Two-way switch K3, the gate pole of the 5th two-way switch K5 are respectively the first of two-way switch unit 200, the three, the 5th triggering controls
End；
4th two-way switch K4, the 6th two-way switch K6, the second plate of the second two-way switch K2 are simultaneously two-way switch
Second input of unit 200, the 4th two-way switch K4, the 6th two-way switch K6, the first anode point of the second two-way switch K2
Not Wei two-way switch unit 200 the first output end U, the second output end V, the 3rd output end W, the 4th two-way switch K4, the 6th
Two-way switch K6, the gate pole of the second two-way switch K2 are respectively the four, the six, the second triggering controls of two-way switch unit 200
End.
Preferably, the half control type bidirectional electronic switch can realize that bidirectional thyristor has cost using bidirectional thyristor
The advantages of low, capacity is big, overload power is strong, loss is small.
Specifically, protection location 300 includes：
Current detection module, two-way full control switch K7；
One conduction terminal of two-way full control switch K7 is the first end of protection location 300, and two-way full control switch the another of K7 leads
Go side is connected with the input of current detection module, and the detection output Vi of current detection module is the detection of protection location 300
Output end, the earth terminal of current detection module is the second end of protection location 300, and the control end of two-way full control switch K7 is protection
The pulse-width controlled end of unit 300.
It is two-way that embodiment of the present invention touching signals control each bidirectional triode thyristor to be carried out under single-phase fixed frequency AC power
Conducting, and single-phase fixed frequency AC power is changed into by three phase variable frequency exchange in selective turn on process by bidirectional triode thyristor
The electric machine rotary magnetic field of electricity and variable velocity, so as to realize startup and the speed governing operation of motor, and simple structure of the present invention can
Lean on, low cost, expanded the use scope of magneto.
Fig. 2 shows frequency conversion in the electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit of position sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structure of control unit, for convenience of description, illustrate only part related to the present invention.
Used as one embodiment of the invention, frequency conversion control unit 100 can include：
One or more position sensors, the position signalling for generating multiple rotor magnetic poles；
Decoder 101, for the position signalling according to rotor magnetic pole and single phase poaer supply synchronization pulse generation two-way opened
Concern changes conditional code；
Logic control module 102, for being opened according to two-way switch switching state code generation each half control type bidirectional electronic of control
Close the logic control signal of break-make；
Interlocking isolation drive module 103, for generating trigger signal according to logic control signal；
Pulse width modulation module 104, for generating pulse-width signal；
The output end of position sensor is connected with the input of decoder, output end and the Logic control module of decoder
Input is connected, and the output end of Logic control module is connected with the input of interlocking isolation drive module, interlocks isolation drive mould
Block output end is the trigger control end of frequency conversion control unit, the output end of pulse width modulation module and the one of interlocking isolation drive module
Input is connected.
Certainly, frequency conversion control unit 100 also includes some necessary operational modules, for example step-down rectifier, shaping circuit, same
The functional circuits such as pace pulse, filtering voltage regulation, single-phase fixed frequency AC power can be carried out step-down rectifier, shaping generation it is single-phase
Line lock pulse signal, its annexation and operation principle are prior art, and here is omitted.
Preferably, Logic control module 102 includes multiple OR gates, for example OR gate 1, OR gate 2, OR gate 3, OR gate 4, OR gate 5,
OR gate 6, the input of plurality of OR gate is multiple inputs of Logic control module 102, and the output end of multiple OR gates is to patrol
Collect multiple output ends of control module 102.
Preferably, interlocking isolation drive module 103 includes multiple interlocking isolated drive circuits, and plurality of interlocking isolation is driven
The input of dynamic circuit is the multiple inputs for interlocking isolation drive module 103, the output end of multiple interlocking isolated drive circuit
It is multiple output ends of interlocking isolation drive module 103.
Preferably, pulse-width signal compares generation by the detection electric current of motor, detection voltage with given current signal,
The detection electric current, detection voltage and given current signal can by the current detecting inside or outside frequency conversion control unit 100,
Voltage detecting, given function of current module are given, the wherein input of the current sense function module inside frequency conversion control unit 100
End can receive the detection electric current of feedback as the feedback end of frequency conversion control unit.
Illustrated with three position sensors H1, H2, H3 in the embodiment of the present invention.
First power end of frequency conversion control unit 100, second source end connect power supply 1,2 ends respectively, its multiple triggering control
End processed includes：G1, G3, G5, G4, G6, G2, G7, connect the corresponding Same Name of Ends of two-way full control switch K1~K7 respectively, control K1~K7
Open with shut-off, the preferably bidirectional controllable silicons of K1~K6, the preferably bidirectional turn-off devices of K7 (such as just antiparallel IGBT, MOS or
Triode).The output end of frequency conversion control unit 100 includes：U, V, W, and GA, GB, G, output end U, V, W correspondence connection motors
U ends, V ends, W ends, wherein, output end GA connection it is two-way it is full control switch K1, K3, K5 first anode common port, output end GB connect
The second plate common port of two-way full control switch K4, K6, K2 is connect, is also the common port of K4, K6, K2 trigger circuit, output end G connects
Connect the second source end of frequency conversion control unit 100, the second end of protection location 300 and publicly.
Power supply 1, the single phase alternating current power supply of 2 ends input, provide complete through step-down rectifying circuit, diode, filter regulator circuit
DC supply needed for portion's circuit；The rectangle lock-out pulse D of the shaped circuit output single phase poaer supply of step-down rectifying circuit, two poles
Pipe prevents DC voltage influence rectangle synchronous working pulse.Position sensor H1, H2, H3 (preferably with Hall sensor), generation
Six step position signallings, with reference to lock-out pulse D, 12 two-way switch switching state codes of generation, through decoder, OR gate, interlocking isolation
Drive circuit drives corresponding bidirectional electronic switch ON/OFF；Such as decoder is when it is 0101 to run into conditional code, and 0101 mouthful defeated
It is 1 to go out, and other State- outputs are 0, and now switching number is 12, therefore need to connect OR gate 1 and OR gate 2, and triggering K1, K2 bidirectional electronic is opened
Conducting is closed, wherein OR gate 1 is also connected with 1101,0010,1010 output ends of decoder, be concurrently in charge of 1101/61 state, 0010/61 shape
K1 switches are opened when state, 1010/12 state, and OR gate 2 is then also connected with 0111,1010,1000 output ends, be concurrently in charge of 0111/23,
1010/12nd, K2 switches are opened during 1000/23 state；Other are similarly repeated no more, and are consequently formed two switches and are simultaneously turned on six steps and follow
Ring switching mode, i.e. 12/45 alternate conduction -23/56 alternate conduction -34/61 alternate conduction -45/12 alternate conduction -56/
23 alternate conduction -61/34 alternate conductions -.Here 12/45 alternate conduction representation switch K1, K2 is switched on after simultaneously turning on
Close K4, K5 to simultaneously turn on, 23/56 alternate conduction etc. does identical understanding.
Speed regulation can control the size of given current value, compare with current detection signal, via pulse width modulation control
K7 switch-mode regulations motor working current processed, therefore torque and the speed of motor can be adjusted；When actual current is less than given electric current
When export high level, low level is exported when actual current is more than given electric current, then the positive switch of output is driven through drive circuit
Device and drive signal needed for reverser device, drive K7 switches opens shut-off；Regulation smoothing factor and electric current are poor
Value, then can control the frequency of pulsewidth modulation, 3~30 times of electric moter voltage fundamental frequency when this pulse width modulation frequency is maximum speed.
Voltage, current protecting circuit can be according to overvoltage/under-voltage/overcurrent condition control drive circuit shut-off K7.
Interlocking isolated drive circuit feature is interlocking：The actual triggering safety interlock time more late than control signal, and its
Shut-off is synchronous with control signal, so as to ensure that same bridge arm up/down switch will not be simultaneously turned on, isolates：To the not triggering on ground altogether
Signal is isolated (such as Phototube Coupling, transformer isolation, independent current source), is driven：Power amplification is carried out to control signal, with
Ensure driving power needed for main switch.
When circuit controlled motor is inverted, need to only be controlled to switch K8 by double-pole is double, H2, H3 signal exchange be connected to decoder b,
C ends.
The present embodiment uses positive logic circuit realiration, similarly can also use negative logic circuit, MCU to add software, FPGA and
ASIC circuit is realized.
Used as further embodiment of this invention, referring to Fig. 3, the frequency conversion control unit of sensorless strategy can also include：
Frequency variation signal generator 105, for generating three phase variable frequency square-wave signal；
Decoder 101, for according to frequency variation signal and single phase poaer supply synchronization pulse generation two-way switch switching state
Code；
Logic control module 102, for according to two-way switch switching state code generation logic control signal；
Interlocking isolation drive module 103, for generating trigger signal according to logic control signal；
Pulse width modulation module 104, for generating pulse-width signal；
The three-phase square wave signal output part and lock-out pulse output end of frequency variation signal generator connect with the input of decoder
Connect, the output end of decoder is connected with the input of Logic control module, the output end of Logic control module isolates drive with interlocking
The input connection of dynamic model block, the output end for interlocking isolation drive module is the trigger control end of frequency conversion control unit, and pulsewidth is adjusted
The output end of molding block is connected with an input of interlocking isolation drive module.
Table 1
In embodiments of the present invention, table 1 with reference to knowable to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a, works as motor to rotate forward code and switching tube switching table
When rotor is rotated forward, (such as three Hall sensors are placed in A, B, C phase winding notch to the position sensor that several distributions are placed
On) can respectively perceive rotor magnetic pole position signal (N=1, S=0), and then combination producing position code, A phase position sensors H1, B
Phase position sensor H2, C phase position sensor H3 position signallings are combined into six kinds of different position codes, to represent different turning
Sub- electrical angle position；
Take AC power lock-out pulse (AC power be more than 0 when=1, AC power be less than 0 when=0), with a certain electricity
Angular interval opens K1K2 (power supply is more than 0) and K4K5 (power supply is less than 0) when opening different switches sets, such as 0-60 electrical angles,
To obtain required winding and the sense of current, position code is combined with line lock pulse code, just generate 12 different shapes
State code；
By rotating forward order switching switches set in table 1, just can obtain required three phase electric machine and rotate forward switch switching figure.Actual fortune
In row, position sensor signal frequency (being proportional to motor speed) is change, and in certain position interval, AC power is same during low frequency
Pace pulse can be converted repeatedly, and repeatedly switch related switch group, and during high frequency in the interval AC power lock-out pulse in certain position not
Can convert, thus only trigger one group of switches set；
12 kinds of switching states are simplified statement in table, for convenience of explanation later, 6 kinds are also further reduced in table
Switching code name, such as 12 represent the work shape that the continuous alternate conduction of conditional code is pressed in 0-60 electrical angles interval K1, K2 and K4, K5
State, its rotate forward switching order be, 12-23-34-45-56-61-, constantly rotate forward circulation, wherein "-" represent switch；
Obviously, position sensor placement location is different, and positive and negative orientation is different, and the angle position code that it is formed is also different
, but its rule that is interval according to different rotor position, turning to, open respective switch group is identical, same principle exists
This patent protection domain；
When rotor often goes to 360 electrical angle, its waveform correlation, code and switch open relation equivalent to again from 0 electric angle
Degree repeats to rotate forward circulation.
Table 2
In embodiments of the present invention, table 2 is reversion code and switching tube switching table, with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a, in diverse location
Interval and lock-out pulse state, can similarly obtain 12 kinds of inverted status codes；
Correspondence backward position state of section code, its switching order is, 61-56-45-34-23-12-, constantly instead
Turn circulation, just can obtain required three phase electric machine reversion terminal voltage waveform, wherein "-" represents switching；
It is interval in diverse location, during line lock pulse change, passed with the continuous switched conductive of bridge arm switches set, and position
In low frequency and high frequency, its switch law as hereinbefore, will not be repeated here sensor signal frequency；
Obviously, position sensor placement location difference, direction are different, and the angle position code that it is formed is also different, but
It is that it is identical according to the rule of different rotor position release of section respective switch group, therefore its principle protects model in this patent
Enclose；
When rotor often goes to -360 electrical angle, its waveform correlation, code and switching tube open relation equivalent to again from 0
Electrical angle repeats reverse cycle.
It is appreciated that when sensor and synchronization pulse sequence are different, its conditional code is also different, and two-way switch numbering is suitable
Sequence is different, and switch number of switching is also different needed for it, but it determines that triggering is corresponding according to motor rotor position code and rotation direction
Switch alternate conduction and the logical derivation algorithm of order switching are constant, and deriving algorithm with this can also derive 3 switches while leading
Logical six step cyclic switching modes, 2 switches are simultaneously turned on and simultaneously turn on the interspersed 12 step cyclic switching mode controls for carrying out with 3 switches
Logic processed, same principle belongs to this patent protection domain.
Similarly, referring to Fig. 4 b, three switches can be derived and is simultaneously turned on, 6 steps are positive/negative to turn code and switching tube switching table, herein
Repeat no more.
Similarly, referring to Fig. 4 c, two switch/tri- switch can be derived and is alternately simultaneously turned on, 12 steps are positive/negative to turn code and switching tube
Switching table, will not be repeated here.
Frequency conversion control circuit without sensor shown in Fig. 3, only instead of 3 phase positions and senses with 3 phase inverter signal generators
Device produces 3 phase inverter signals, and other circuit theories are identical with preceding, will not be repeated here.
The another object of the embodiment of the present invention is, there is provided a kind of drive control method based on foregoing circuit, works as triggering
Signal controls the half control type bidirectional electronic switch two to simultaneously turn on, and the circular order of trigger signal is six steps：
When power supply is in positive half-wave, 2 switches are simultaneously turned on and to circulate conduction mode as follows：
K1, K2 are turned on, and current of electric flows to W by U；
K2, K3 are turned on, and current of electric flows to W by V；
K3, K4 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by V；
K4, G5 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by W；
K5, K6 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by W；
K6, K1 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by U.
When power supply is in negative half-wave, 2 switches are simultaneously turned on and to circulate conduction mode as follows：
K4, K5 are turned on, and current of electric still flows to W by U；
K5, K6 are turned on, and current of electric flows to W by V；
K6, K1 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by V；
K1, K2 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by W；
K2, K3 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by W；
K3, K4 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by U.
By the sense of current is identical, (such as K1, K2 and K4, K5 are handed over for power supply positive half-wave and negative half-wave conduction mode alternate conduction
For conducting, K2, K3 and K5, K6 alternate conduction), though then supply voltage for just or be it is negative, circuit can obtain it is required around
The switch switching mode of group and specified current flow conducting direction, is easy meter, two-way switch alternate conduction and is followed when its power supply is positive/negative
Ring switch mode is reduced to：12—23—34—45—56—61—.
When trigger signal controls the half control type bidirectional electronic switch three to simultaneously turn on, the circular order of trigger signal
It is six steps：
When power supply is in positive half-wave, 3 switches are simultaneously turned on and to circulate conduction mode as follows：
K1, K2, K3 are turned on, and current of electric flows to W by U, V；
K2, K3, K4 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U, W by V；
K3, K4, K5 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by V, W；
K4, G5, K6 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U, V by W；
K5, K6, K1 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by W, U；
K6, K1, K2 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V, W by U.
When power supply is in negative half-wave, 3 switches are simultaneously turned on and to circulate conduction mode as follows：
K4, K5, K6 are turned on, and current of electric still flows to W by U, V；
K5, K6, K1 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U, W by V；
K6, K1, K2 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U by V, W；
K1, K2, K3 are turned on, and current of electric flows to U, V by W；
K2, K3, K4 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V by U, W；
K3, K4, K5 are turned on, and current of electric flows to V, W by U.
By the sense of current is identical, power supply positive half-wave and negative half-wave conduction mode alternate conduction (such as K1, K2, K3 and K4,
K5, K6 alternate conduction, K2, K3, K4 and K5, K6, K1 alternate conduction), no matter then supply voltage is for just or be negative, circuit is equal
The switch switching mode of required winding and specified current flow conducting direction can be obtained, is easy meter, two-way switch when its power supply is positive/negative
Alternate conduction and cyclic switching pattern are reduced to：123—234—345—456—561—612—.
Using above-mentioned cyclic switching conduction mode, then can be formed six step three-phase windings electric currents rotate forward circulation conducting and
The motor-field for rotating forward, and then motor rotates forward.
With reference to Fig. 4 c, the mode that combination is simultaneously turned on 3 switches is simultaneously turned on according to 2 switches, it is double when its power supply is positive/negative
Can be reduced to switch alternate conduction and cyclic switching pattern：12—123—23—234—34—345—45—456—56—
561-61-612-, 12 step cyclic switching conduction modes can then form 12 rotating forward for step three-phase windings electric current and follow
Ring is turned on and the motor-field that rotates forward, and then motor is rotated forward.
Certainly, if above-mentioned switch switching code name recycled back switched, such as (61-56-45-34-23-12 -),
Or (612-561-456-345-234-123 -) or (612-61-561-56-456-45-345-34-
234-23-123-12 -) the reverse rotation circulation conducting of 3 phase winding electric currents, then can be formed, and then forms what is reversely rotated
Armature field, motor is reversely rotated.
Frequency conversion control circuit sends G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 trigger signal, K1-K7 bidirectional electronics is triggered respectively and is opened
Close conducting, close, you can drive 3 be synchronised motor, 3 phase BLDC motors, 3 phase Induction Machines positive or reversely rotate.
In Fig. 1, K1~K6 need to use isolated drive circuit (such as photoelectricity, transformer or insulating power supply), K7 to use and drive altogether
Dynamic circuit.
Circuit is provided with voltage protection circuit and current detection circuit, and to over-pressed, under-voltage, excessively stream, control circuit can stop touching
Hair, shutdown protection；Current detection signal compares that (current detection signal is less than given current signal and then opens with given current signal
K7, current detection signal is more than given current signal and then closes K7) PWM pulse-width signals are produced, to adjust actual motor current
Approximately give electric current.
It is two-way that embodiment of the present invention touching signals control each bidirectional triode thyristor to be carried out under single-phase fixed frequency AC power
Conducting, and single-phase fixed frequency AC power is changed into by three phase variable frequency exchange in selective turn on process by bidirectional triode thyristor
The electric machine rotary magnetic field of electricity and variable velocity, so as to realize startup and the speed governing operation of motor, and simple structure of the present invention can
Lean on, low cost, expanded the use scope of three-phase motor with permanent magnets.
It is appreciated that this circuit is also applied for the speed governing of threephase asynchronous.
These are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Any modification, equivalent and improvement for being made within principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of electric motor starting and speed-regulating control circuit, are connected between single-phase fixed frequency AC power and three phase electric machine, its
It is characterised by, the circuit includes：
Frequency conversion control unit, for generating trigger signal, the first power end of the frequency conversion control unit, second source end difference
Two ends with single-phase fixed frequency alternating current are connected, three output ends correspondence and U ends, the V of motor of the frequency conversion control unit
End, the connection of W ends；
Two-way switch unit, for controlling two-way gating according to the trigger signal, so as to single phase industrial frequence AC power be changed
It is three phase variable frequency alternating current, and forms the electric machine rotary magnetic field of speed variable, the startup of controlled motor and speed governing operation, institute
State the first input end of two-way switch unit to be connected with the first power end of the frequency conversion control unit, the two-way switch unit
Multiple trigger control ends it is corresponding with multiple trigger output ends of the frequency conversion control unit connection, the two-way switch unit
First output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end correspondence are connected with the U ends of motor, V ends, W ends；
Protection location, for detecting current of electric, and by pwm chopper controlled motor electric current, the of the protection location
One end is connected with the second input of the two-way switch unit, the second end and the frequency conversion control unit of the protection location
Second source end connection, the detection output of the protection location is connected with the feedback end of the frequency conversion control unit, described
The pulse-width controlled end of protection location is connected with the pulsewidth triggering end of the frequency conversion control unit.
2. circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the two-way switch unit is three phase full bridge structure, including six
Individual half control type bidirectional electronic switch, respectively：First two-way switch, the second two-way switch, the 3rd two-way switch, the 4th two-way opened
Pass, the 5th two-way switch and the 6th two-way switch；
First two-way switch, the 3rd two-way switch, the first anode of the 5th two-way switch are simultaneously described pair
To the first input end of switch element, first two-way switch, the 3rd two-way switch, the of the 5th two-way switch
Two anodes are respectively the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end of the two-way switch unit, first two-way opened
Pass, the 3rd two-way switch, the gate pole of the 5th two-way switch be respectively the two-way switch unit first, the 3rd,
5th trigger control end；
4th two-way switch, the 6th two-way switch, the second plate of second two-way switch are simultaneously described pair
To the second input of switch element, the 4th two-way switch, the 6th two-way switch, the of second two-way switch
One anode is respectively the first output end, the second output end, the 3rd output end of the two-way switch unit, the 4th two-way opened
Pass, the 6th two-way switch, the gate pole of second two-way switch be respectively the two-way switch unit the four, the 6th,
Second trigger control end.
3. circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control unit includes：
One or more position sensors, the position signalling for generating multiple rotor magnetic poles；
Decoder, it is deeply concerned for the position signalling according to the rotor magnetic pole and single phase poaer supply synchronization pulse generation two-way opened
Change conditional code；
Logic control module, for being led to according to two-way switch switching state code generation each half control type bidirectional electronic switch of control
Disconnected logic control signal；
Interlocking isolation drive module, for generating trigger signal according to the logic control signal；
Pulse width modulation module, for generating pulse-width signal；
The output end of the position sensor and lock-out pulse is connected with the input of the decoder, the output of the decoder
End be connected with the input of the Logic control module, the output end of the Logic control module and it is described interlock isolation drive mould
The input connection of block, the output end for interlocking isolation drive module is the trigger control end of the frequency conversion control unit, the arteries and veins
The output end of modulation module wide is connected with an input of the interlocking isolation drive module.
4. circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control unit includes：
Frequency variation signal generator, for generating three phase variable frequency square-wave signal；
Decoder, for according to the frequency variation signal and single phase poaer supply synchronization pulse generation two-way switch switching state code；
Logic control module, for being led to according to two-way switch switching state code generation each half control type bidirectional electronic switch of control
Disconnected logic control signal；
Interlocking isolation drive module, for generating trigger signal according to the logic control signal；
Pulse width modulation module, for generating pulse-width signal；
The three-phase square wave signal output part and lock-out pulse output end of the frequency variation signal generator and the input of the decoder
End connection, the output end of the decoder is connected with the input of the Logic control module, the Logic control module it is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the input of the interlocking isolation drive module, the output end for interlocking isolation drive module is the VFC
The trigger control end of unit, the output end of the pulse width modulation module connects with an input of the interlocking isolation drive module
Connect.
5. the circuit as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the Logic control module includes multiple OR gates, wherein many
The input of individual OR gate is multiple inputs of the Logic control module, and the output end of multiple OR gates is the logic control mould
Multiple output ends of block.
6. the circuit as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the single phase poaer supply synchronization pulse is by single-phase
Fixed frequency AC power carries out step-down rectifier, shaping generation.
7. the circuit as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the pulse-width signal by the detection electric current of motor,
Detection voltage compares generation with predetermined current.
8. circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the circuit also includes a switch K0, the VFC list
First power end of unit is connected by the switch K0 with single-phase fixed frequency AC power.
9. circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the protection location includes：
Current detection module, two-way full control switch K7；
One conduction terminal of the two-way full control switch K7 is the first end of the protection location, and the two-way full control switch K7's is another
One conduction terminal is connected with the input of the current detection module, and the detection output of the current detection module is the protection
The detection output of module, the earth terminal of the current detection module is the second end of the protection location, the two-way full control
The control end for switching K7 is the pulse-width controlled end of the protection module.
10. a kind of drive control method of circuit as described in claim any one of 2-9, it is characterised in that the triggering letter
Number control half control type bidirectional electronic switch two switch is simultaneously turned on, and the rotating forward cyclic switching order of the trigger signal is six
Step：
Alternately lead 12/45 alternate conduction -23/56 alternate conduction -34/61 alternate conduction -45/12 alternate conduction -56/23
Logical -61/34 alternate conduction -；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
A kind of drive control method of 11. circuits as described in claim any one of 2-9, it is characterised in that the triggering letter
Number control half control type bidirectional electronic switch three switch is simultaneously turned on, and the rotating forward cyclic switching order of the trigger signal is six
Step：
123/456 alternate conduction -234/561 alternate conduction -345/612 alternate conduction -456/123 alternate conduction -561/
234 alternate conduction -612/345 alternate conductions -；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
A kind of drive control method of 12. circuits as described in claim any one of 2-9, it is characterised in that the triggering letter
Number control the half control type bidirectional electronic switch for two switches simultaneously turn on three switches simultaneously turn on it is interspersed carry out, the triggering
The rotating forward cyclic switching order of signal is 12 steps：
12/45 alternate conduction -123/456 alternate conduction -23/56 alternate conduction -234/561 alternate conduction -34/61 replaces
- 345/612 alternate conduction -45/12 alternate conduction -456/123 alternate conduction -56/23 alternate conduction -561/234 of conducting
Alternate conduction -61/34 alternate conduction -612/345 alternate conduction -；
The reverse cycle transfer sequence of the trigger signal is opposite with cyclic switching order is rotated forward.
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| CN108702119A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-10-23 | 深圳和而泰智能控制股份有限公司 | A kind of motor control method and electric system |
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| CN110492800A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor diode continuousing flow eliminates residual magnetic devices and application method |
| CN110492799A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏科技大学 | The excitation controlling device and application method of synchronous motor |
| CN111803796A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 姬涛 | External adjusting and driving device for orthopedic noninvasive electromagnetic extension prosthesis |
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