CN106787831A - A kind of switch transformed circuit and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of switch transformed circuit and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106787831A CN106787831A CN201611056009.XA CN201611056009A CN106787831A CN 106787831 A CN106787831 A CN 106787831A CN 201611056009 A CN201611056009 A CN 201611056009A CN 106787831 A CN106787831 A CN 106787831A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of switch transformed circuit and its control method.The switch transformed circuit includes：Rectification unit, the power switch circuit with main power tube and inductance, error amplifier, comparator and logic drive circuit.The comparator relative error amplifies signal and ramp signal size, and generation is used to control the comparison signal of power switch circuit.Being reset to zero during main power tube disconnects, increase during main power tube is turned on, the voltage at inductance two ends is into negative correlation when the slope that it increases is turned on main power tube for the ramp signal.The switch transformed circuit improves the harmonic characterisitic of circuit, meets the standard of class C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of power electronics, it is more particularly related to a kind of switch transformed circuit and its
Control method.
Background technology
Switch transformed circuit due to its high efficiency, it is easy to control the advantages of, be widely applied in Power convert field.
In AC-DC (AC-DC) conversion, in order to the input current for preventing converter is polluted to power network, converter is usually required that
Reach the power factor harmonic requirement of industry or every country/local regulations.
In the multiple control modes of switch transformed circuit, constant on-time (constant on time, COT) control by
In transient response speed is fast, advantages of simple structure and simple, it is widely adopted.
Buck converters are buck topologies, and when on-Line Voltage is less than output voltage, converter does not work, therefore input electricity
There is Dead Time in stream.As shown in figure 1, in moment 0 to moment t1 and moment t2 between moment t3, due to line voltage Vac
Less than output voltage VO, converter do not work, inductive current iLIt is zero.The Dead Time prevents harmonic wave from meeting class-C's
It is required that.
The content of the invention
Therefore it is an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of prior art, propose a kind of improved switch change-over
Circuit and its control method.
To achieve the above object, a kind of embodiments in accordance with the present invention, it is proposed that switch transformed circuit, including：Rectification list
Unit, receives AC-input voltage, produces commutating voltage；Power switch circuit, including main power tube and inductance, wherein in main power
During pipe is switched on, electric current increase, the inductance storage energy of inductance are flowed through；During main power tube is disconnected, stored on inductance
Energy be released, to pass to output；Error amplifier, to characterizing the feedback signal of output signal and the difference of reference signal
It is amplified, produces error amplification signal；Comparator, relative error amplifies signal and ramp signal size, produces comparison signal,
Wherein described ramp signal is being reset to zero, is increasing during main power tube is turned on during main power tube disconnects, what it increased
The voltage at inductance two ends is into negative correlation when slope and main power tube are turned on；Logic drive circuit, logic is produced according to comparison signal
Drive signal, is used to control the operation of power switch circuit.
To achieve the above object, a kind of embodiments in accordance with the present invention, it is also proposed that method for switch transformed circuit,
The switch transformed circuit includes power switch circuit, and the power switch circuit includes main power tube and inductance, wherein in master
During power tube is switched on, inductance storage energy, during main power tube is disconnected, the energy stored on inductance is released, with
Producing output signal, methods described includes：The feedback signal for characterizing output signal, the sampling electricity for characterizing inductance both end voltage are provided
Pressure；The difference of the feedback signal and reference signal is amplified, error amplification signal is obtained；The phase is turned in main power tube
Between, charged to electric capacity by constant current source, while giving the electric capacity by the controlled current source related to inductance both end voltage
Electric discharge, to produce ramp signal；During main power tube disconnects, the ramp signal is resetted；By ramp signal and mistake
Difference is amplified signal and is compared, and produces comparison signal；Response comparison signal, disconnects the main power tube.
According to the switch transformed circuit and method of each side of the present invention, the harmonic characterisitic of circuit is improved, circuit is expired
The requirement of sufficient class C.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows line voltage Vac, the inductive current i of the buck converter using tradition COT controlsLWith
It is input into the timing waveform of average current；
Fig. 2 schematically shows switch transformed circuit 100 according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 schematically shows the control circuit of switch transformed circuit 100 shown in Fig. 2 according to embodiments of the present invention
105 and the electrical block diagram of slope generating circuit 106；
Fig. 4 schematically shows switch transformed circuit according to an embodiment of the invention 200；
Fig. 5 schematically shows switch transformed circuit according to an embodiment of the invention 300；
It is foregoing according to this when the virtual value that Fig. 6 schematically shows AC-input voltage is 230 volts (Vin=230V)
The input current i of the switch transformed circuit of inventive embodimentsacThe input of the switch transformed circuit under (solid line) and tradition cot control
Electric current iprThe timing waveform of (dotted line)；
It is foregoing according to this when the virtual value that Fig. 7 schematically shows AC-input voltage is 115 volts (Vin=115V)
The input current i of the switch transformed circuit of inventive embodimentsacThe input of the switch transformed circuit under (solid line) and tradition cot control
Electric current iprThe timing waveform of (dotted line)；
Fig. 8 shows each harmonic of the AC input current of foregoing switch transformed circuit according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 9 shows the circuit knot of controlled current source 62 in ramp signal generating circuit 106 according to embodiments of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the schematic flow sheet 400 of the method for switch transformed circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is described more fully below, it should be noted that the embodiments described herein is served only for citing
Illustrate, be not intended to limit the invention.In the following description, in order to provide thorough understanding of the present invention, a large amount of spies are elaborated
Determine details.It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that：This hair need not be carried out using these specific details
It is bright.In other instances, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention, known circuit, material or method are not specifically described.
Throughout the specification, meaning is referred to " one embodiment ", " embodiment ", " example " or " example "
：Special characteristic, structure or the characteristic described with reference to the embodiment or example are comprised at least one embodiment of the invention.
Therefore, phrase " in one embodiment ", " in embodiment ", " example " for occurring in each place of entire disclosure
Or " example " is not necessarily all referring to same embodiment or example.Furthermore, it is possible to will be specific with any appropriate combination and/or sub-portfolio
Feature, structure or property combination in one or more embodiments or example.Additionally, those of ordinary skill in the art should manage
Solution, accompanying drawing is provided to descriptive purpose provided herein, and accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn to scale.It should be appreciated that working as
When claiming element " being couple to " or " being connected to " another element, it can directly be coupled or be couple to another element or can deposit
In intermediary element.Conversely, when element " being directly coupled to " or " being directly connected to " another element is claimed, in the absence of intermediary element.
Identical reference indicates identical element.Term "and/or" used herein includes the item that one or more correlations are listed
Any and all combination of purpose.
Fig. 2 schematically shows switch transformed circuit 100 according to embodiments of the present invention.In the embodiment depicted in figure 2,
Switch transformed circuit 100 includes：Rectification unit 101, receives AC-input voltage (line voltage) Vac, produces commutating voltage Vdc
(the steamed bun ripple generally said)；Power switch circuit 102, including main power tube and inductance, wherein being switched on the phase in main power tube
Between, electric current increase, the inductance storage energy of inductance are flowed through, during main power tube is disconnected, the energy stored on inductance is released
Put, to pass to output；Error amplifier (EA) 103, receives and characterizes output signal (such as output voltage VOOr output current IO)
Feedback signal FB and reference signal REF, the error amplifier 103 enters to the difference of feedback signal FB and reference signal REF
Row amplifies, and produces error amplification signal CMP；Comparator 104, receives the error amplification signal CMP and ramp signal ramp, institute
State the relative error of comparator 104 and amplify signal CMP and ramp signal ramp sizes, produce comparison signal, wherein the slope is believed
Number ramp is reset to zero in increase during main power tube is turned on, during main power tube disconnects, its slope and inductance for increasing
The slope (voltages at inductance two ends when i.e. main power tube is turned on) of increase in current increases faster into negative correlation, i.e. inductive current
(inductance both end voltage is bigger), ramp signal ramp increases slower, and inductive current increases slower that (inductance both end voltage is got over
It is small), ramp signal ramp increases faster；Logic drive circuit 105, receives comparison signal, produces logical drive signal Dr, uses
To control the operation of power switch circuit 102.
In one embodiment, when ramp signal ramp is more than error amplification signal CMP, main power tube is disconnected, electricity
Inducing current is begun to decline, until inductive current drops to zero, main power tube is turned on again.That is, circuit runs on facing
Boundary's pattern, to reduce switching loss.
In the embodiment depicted in figure 2, the logic drive circuit 105 also receives inductive current zero passage detection signal ZCD, and
Response zero passage detection signal ZCD turns on main power tube.That is, the zero passage detection signal ZCD characterizes inductive current
Zero crossing.
When constant pressure demand (such as notebook computer, desktop computer) is output as, feedback signal FB characterizes output voltage VO；When
When being output as constant current demand (such as LED illumination), feedback signal FB characterizes output current IO。
In one embodiment, the ramp signal ramp is produced by ramp signal generating circuit.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the control circuit of switch transformed circuit 100 shown in Fig. 2 according to embodiments of the present invention
105 and the electrical block diagram of slope generating circuit 106.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the ramp signal generating circuit
106 include：Constant current source 61, there is provided constant charging current；Controlled current source 62, there is provided controlled discharge current；It is in parallel
The electric capacity 63 and reset switch 64 of coupling, the wherein main power in the conducting state of reset switch 64 and power switch circuit 102
Pipe conversely, the electric capacity 63 is reset to zero when reset switch 64 is turned on, when reset switch 64 disconnects by constant current source
61 charge, while discharged by controlled current source 62, the both end voltage of the electric capacity 63 is ramp signal ramp.
When power switch circuit is using buck topologys, discharge current and AC-input voltage that controlled current source 62 is provided
The instantaneous value of Vac and the difference of output voltage are proportional；When power switch circuit 102 is using boost topologys, controlled current source 62
The discharge current of offer is proportional to input voltage.I.e.：The electric current that controlled current source 62 is provided is applied during being turned on main power tube
The voltage being added on inductance is proportional.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the logic drive circuit 105 includes：Rest-set flip-flop 51, with set input S,
The RESET input R and output end Q, the set input S receive zero passage detection signal ZCD, the RESET input R reception and compare letter
Number, rest-set flip-flop response zero passage detection signal ZCD is set, respond comparison signal is reset, generation logical signal；Drive
Device 52, response logic signal produces logical drive signal Dr, is used to control the operation of power switch circuit 102.
Fig. 4 schematically shows switch transformed circuit according to an embodiment of the invention 200.In embodiment illustrated in fig. 4
In, the power switch circuit 102 includes typical buck converter.The output of switch transformed circuit 200 shown in Fig. 4 is used to drive
LED strip, therefore it is required that being output as constant current.Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the switch transformed circuit 200 includes：
Rectification unit 101, receives AC-input voltage (line voltage) Vac, produces commutating voltage Vdc；Power switch circuit 102, including
Main power tube 21, inductance 22 and afterflow power tube 23, wherein during main power tube 21 is switched on, the electric current for flowing through inductance 22 increases
Greatly, the storage energy of inductance 22, during main power tube 21 is disconnected, the energy stored on inductance is released by afterflow power tube 23
Put, to pass to output；Error amplifier (EA) 103, receives the feedback signal I for characterizing output currentFBWith reference signal REF,
The error amplifier 103 is to feedback signal IFBDifference with reference signal REF is amplified, and produces error amplification signal CMP；
Comparator 104, receives the error amplification signal CMP and ramp signal ramp, and the relative error of the comparator 104 amplifies signal
CMP and ramp signal ramp sizes, produce comparison signal；Logic drive circuit 105, receives comparison signal, produces logical drive
Signal Dr, is used to control the operation of power switch circuit 102；Ramp signal generating circuit 106, the ramp signal generating circuit
Including：Constant current source 61, there is provided constant charging current；Controlled current source 62, the voltage according to the two ends of inductance 22 is provided to be put
Electric current, the voltage at the wherein two ends of inductance 22 is bigger, and the discharge current of controlled current source 62 is also bigger；Coupled in parallel is in comparator
Electric capacity 63 and reset switch 64 between 104 and reference ground, the wherein conducting state of reset switch 64 and main power tube 22 conversely,
The switch that is reset when main power tube 22 disconnects of the electric capacity 63 64 is reset to zero, when main power tube 22 is turned on by constant current
Source 61 is charged and is discharged by controlled current source 62 simultaneously, and the both end voltage of the electric capacity 63 is the ramp signal ramp.
Because when main power tube disconnects, electric capacity 63 is reset；And when main power tube is turned on, electric capacity is by constant current source
61 charge is discharged by controlled current source 62 simultaneously, therefore the discharge current that controlled current source 62 is provided actually is led by main power tube
The voltage at the two ends of inductance 22 is determined during logical.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the switch transformed circuit 200 also includes：Operational amplifier OP, is connected across inductance 22
Two ends, produce the sampled voltage V for characterizing the both end voltage of inductance 22L。
In one embodiment, error amplifier 103, comparator 104, logic drive circuit 105 and ramp signal are produced
Circuit 106 is integrated into a chip.
Fig. 5 schematically shows switch transformed circuit according to an embodiment of the invention 300.Switch change-over shown in Fig. 5
Circuit 300 is consistent with the principle of switch transformed circuit 200 shown in Fig. 4.From unlike switch transformed circuit 200 shown in Fig. 4, scheming
In 5 illustrated embodiments, the error amplifier 103, comparator 104, logic drive circuit 105 and ramp signal generating circuit
106 reference ground is chip ground GND, and chip ground GND is coupled to the common coupling point of main power tube 21 and inductance 22；It is described to open
Closing translation circuit 300 also includes：Current sampling resistor Ri, with being coupled in chip and main power tube 21 between, produces and characterizes output
The feedback signal I of electric currentFB；Feedback resistance Rc, is coupled to inductance 22, produces the sampled voltage V for characterizing the both end voltage of inductance 22L。
When circuit runs, when the instantaneous value of AC-input voltage Vac is more than output voltage VOWhen, power switch circuit
102 start working.When main power tube 21 is switched on, reset switch 63 is disconnected, then electric capacity 63 starts by constant current source 61
Charge, discharged by controlled current source 62, ramp signal ramp starts increase.With the increase of AC-input voltage Vac, switch is led
During logical, the voltage (Vac-V at the two ends of inductance 22O) increase therewith, sampled voltage VLAlso increase therewith, controlled current source 62 is put
Electric current also increases.Accordingly, the slope of ramp signal ramp increases diminishes.That is slope and main work(that ramp signal ramp increases
Into negative correlation, inductance both end voltage is high during switch conduction, and the growth of ramp signal is oblique for the voltage at inductance two ends when rate pipe is turned on
Rate is smaller, and when inductance both end voltage is low during switch conduction, the growth slope of ramp signal is larger.Ramp signal ramp will later
Meet the error amplification signal CMP of the output of error amplifier 103.And because the response speed of error amplifier is very slow, and bandwidth
Less than the frequency (such as 50hz) of line voltage, error amplification signal CMP can be considered constant in a switch periods.Therefore, with
The increase of AC-input voltage Vac, the ON time ton of main power tube 21 also increases.
It is foregoing according to this when the virtual value that Fig. 6 schematically shows AC-input voltage is 230 volts (Vin=230V)
The input current i of the switch transformed circuit of inventive embodimentsacThe input of the switch transformed circuit under (solid line) and tradition cot control
Electric current iprThe timing waveform of (dotted line).
It is foregoing according to this when the virtual value that Fig. 7 schematically shows AC-input voltage is 115 volts (Vin=115V)
The input current i of the switch transformed circuit of inventive embodimentsacThe input of the switch transformed circuit under (solid line) and tradition cot control
Electric current iprThe timing waveform of (dotted line).
Fig. 8 shows each harmonic of the AC input current of foregoing switch transformed circuit according to embodiments of the present invention, its
Middle curve 10 represents the higher limit of class C, and solid line moulding represents each harmonic amplitude of the input current of the embodiment of the present invention,
Dotted line moulding represents each harmonic amplitude of the AC input current of the lower switch transformed circuit of traditional COT controls.Always can be with from Fig. 8
See, the AC input current each harmonic based on the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirement of class C, and conventional method without
Method meets.
Fig. 8 can be seen that the foregoing switch transformed circuit according to each embodiment of the invention and meet class C standards.
Fig. 9 shows the circuit knot of controlled current source 62 in ramp signal generating circuit 106 according to embodiments of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram.In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the controlled current source 62 includes：Such as scheme the operational amplifier 601, crystal of coupling
Pipe 602 and resistance 603, by sampled voltage VLIt is converted into current signal i1；Current mirror 604, receives current signal i1, and output is described
Controlled discharge current (icon).In one embodiment, the current class i1 of the current signal is discharge current iconIt is several
Hundred times to thousands of times.
Further, the invention allows for a kind of method for switch transformed circuit, it is as shown in Figure 10 according to
The schematic flow sheet 400 of the method for switch transformed circuit of the embodiment of the present invention, the switch transformed circuit includes power
On-off circuit, the power switch circuit includes main power tube and inductance, wherein during main power tube is switched on, inductance storage
Energy, during main power tube is disconnected, the energy stored on inductance is released, to produce output signal, methods described to include：
Step 402, there is provided characterize output signal feedback signal, characterize inductance both end voltage sampled voltage；
Step 404, the difference of the feedback signal and reference signal is amplified, and obtains error amplification signal；
Step 406, main power tube turn on during, by constant current source give electric capacity charge, while by with inductance two
The related controlled current source of terminal voltage discharges to the electric capacity, to produce ramp signal；During main power tube disconnects, to described
Ramp signal is resetted；
Step 408：Ramp signal and error amplification signal are compared, comparison signal is produced；
Step 410, responds comparison signal, disconnects the main power tube.
In one embodiment, the discharge current of the controlled current source is directly proportional to inductance both end voltage.
In one embodiment, methods described also includes：The zero crossing of inductive current is detected, zero passage detection signal is produced；
Response zero passage detection signal, turns on the main power tube.
Although exemplary embodiment describing the present invention with reference to several, it is to be understood that, term used is to illustrate and show
Example property and nonrestrictive term.Because the present invention can be embodied without deviating from the spiritual or real of invention in a variety of forms
Matter, it should therefore be appreciated that above-described embodiment is not limited to any foregoing details, and the spirit that should be limited in appended claims
Widely explained with scope, therefore the whole fallen into claim or its equivalent scope changes and remodeling all should be the power of enclosing
Profit requires to be covered.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of switch transformed circuit, it is characterised in that including：
Rectification unit, receives AC-input voltage, produces commutating voltage；
Power switch circuit, including main power tube and inductance, wherein during main power tube is switched on, the electric current for flowing through inductance increases
Greatly, inductance storage energy；During main power tube is disconnected, the energy stored on inductance is released, to pass to output；
Error amplifier, the difference of feedback signal and reference signal to characterizing output signal is amplified, and produces error to amplify
Signal；
Comparator, relative error amplifies signal and ramp signal size, comparison signal is produced, wherein the ramp signal is in main work(
Rate pipe is reset to zero, increases during main power tube is turned on during disconnecting, the electricity when slope that it increases is turned on main power tube
The voltage at two ends is felt into negative correlation；
Logic drive circuit, logical drive signal is produced according to comparison signal, is used to control the operation of power switch circuit.
2. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein described logic drive circuit also receives inductance
Current over-zero detection signal, and respond the zero passage detection signal and turn on main power tube.
3. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Ramp signal generating circuit, produces institute
Ramp signal is stated, the ramp signal generating circuit includes：
Constant current source, there is provided constant charging current；
Controlled current source, there is provided controlled discharge current；
The conducting state and main power tube of the electric capacity and reset switch of coupled in parallel, wherein reset switch are conversely, the electric capacity exists
Reset switch is reset to zero when turning on, when reset switch disconnects by constant current source charging, while being put by controlled current source
Electricity, the electric capacity both end voltage is ramp signal.
4. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the electric current that wherein described controlled current source is provided with
The voltage that main power tube is applied on inductance during turning on is proportional.
5. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Operational amplifier, is connected across inductance two
End, produces the sampled voltage for characterizing inductance both end voltage.
6. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein described error amplifier, comparator, logic
Drive circuit and ramp signal generating circuit are integrated into chip.
7. switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Feedback resistance, is coupled to inductance, produces
The raw sampled voltage for characterizing inductance both end voltage.
8. a kind of control method of switch transformed circuit, the switch transformed circuit includes power switch circuit, and the power is opened
Powered-down road includes main power tube and inductance, wherein during main power tube is switched on, inductance storage energy is broken in main power tube
During opening, the energy stored on inductance is released, to produce output signal, it is characterised in that the control method includes：
The feedback signal for characterizing output signal, the sampled voltage for characterizing inductance both end voltage are provided；
The difference of the feedback signal and reference signal is amplified, error amplification signal is obtained；
During main power tube is turned on, charged to electric capacity by constant current source, while by related to inductance both end voltage
Controlled current source discharges to the electric capacity, to produce ramp signal；During main power tube disconnects, the ramp signal is carried out
Reset；
Ramp signal and error amplification signal are compared, comparison signal is produced；
Response comparison signal, disconnects the main power tube.
9. the control method of switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：Wherein described controlled current source
Discharge current is directly proportional to inductance both end voltage.
10. the control method of switch transformed circuit as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：Also include:
The zero crossing of inductive current is detected, zero passage detection signal is produced；Response zero passage detection signal, turns on the main power tube.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108336903A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-27 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Control circuit and control method for reduction voltage circuit |
| CN109660132A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of device of inhibition bis- times of working frequency ripple waves of PFC of voltage-type COT control |
| CN111416519A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-14 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Inductive current reconstruction circuit, reconstruction method and power converter applying inductive current reconstruction circuit and reconstruction method |
| CN117134592A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-28 | 钰泰半导体股份有限公司 | PWM drive circuit under COT mode |
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