CN106786886B - wireless charging system charging method based on load identification technology - Google Patents
wireless charging system charging method based on load identification technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 101100236764 Caenorhabditis elegans mcu-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H02J7/025—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H02J7/027—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
the invention discloses a wireless charging system charging method based on a load identification technology, which respectively controls a primary side and a secondary side; the control of the primary side is: the output voltage of a voltage source is controlled by collecting the voltage at two ends of a primary side compensation capacitor in a wireless charging system; the control of the secondary side is: the on-off of all switches on the secondary side is controlled by collecting the charging voltage and the charging current of the battery so as to realize the conversion of the charging mode of the system; according to the invention, on the premise that no communication module exists between the primary side and the secondary side of the wireless charging system, illegal battery load identification is realized, and system protection is completed by regulating the input voltage at the primary side and controlling all the switch states at the secondary side.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless charging of batteries, in particular to a wireless charging system charging method based on a load identification technology.
background
The wireless power transmission technology has many advantages that the traditional wired transmission mode does not have, and small-sized portable equipment such as a mobile phone and the like can be charged in a wireless mode, so that the flexibility and the comfort of use can be greatly improved, and redundant power lines do not need to be carried. Often, transmission and storage of electric energy are equally important, so that the problem of efficient storage of energy needs to be solved well while the problem of transmission of energy is solved by relying on a wireless electric energy transmission technology. At present, the peripheral common energy storage device is a battery, especially a lithium battery is taken as a main device, and for the lithium battery, Constant Current (CC) and Constant Voltage (CV) charging are the most common charging modes, and the whole charging process of the lithium battery is divided into two stages of constant current charging and constant voltage charging.
in order to realize the conversion between CC and CV charging in the wireless charging process, a method of transforming the topology of the wireless system is mostly adopted. Since the parameters of the wireless charging system are once given, its charging current in the CC charging phase is fixed, the charging mode of the battery is typically switched by detecting the voltage of the battery, and when the battery voltage reaches its nominal voltage, the topology is switched to the CV charging phase. During the CV charging phase, its charging voltage is also constant. This means that the charging mode switching point of the system is fixed, and a wireless charging system with well-designed parameters can only charge a type of battery, and the nominal voltage of the type of battery is consistent with the constant voltage output of the system in the CV stage. If a battery with a nominal voltage inconsistent with the voltage output by the system in the CV stage is connected into the system, the problem that the charging mode of the system cannot be switched can be caused, and meanwhile, because the charging currents born by different batteries are inconsistent, the batteries of different types can be randomly connected into the system to cause damage to the batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the battery with different voltage levels from being mistakenly connected to the system, and to ensure that the charging current and the charging voltage of the battery are within a reasonable range during the charging process of the system.
disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a protection method for a wireless charging system based on a load identification technology, wherein on the basis that no communication module exists between a transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal of the system can respectively identify illegal battery load information, so as to control a switch state in the system and achieve protection of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a wireless charging system charging method based on a load identification technology comprises the following steps:
(1) Set up wireless charging system, wireless charging system includes primary side and secondary side, and the primary side includes: a high-frequency inverter power supply and a primary side compensation circuit; the secondary side comprises: a secondary side switching circuit and a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
The primary side compensation circuit includes: the primary side compensation capacitor Cp, the primary side compensation inductor LX and the transmitting coil are arranged in the transformer; cp is connected with the transmitting coil in parallel and then connected with LX in series to form an LCL resonance branch;
the high-frequency inverter power supply is connected in series at two ends of the LCL resonance branch circuit and provides high-frequency voltage for the primary side compensation circuit; the output frequency of the high-frequency inverter power supply is kept unchanged;
the secondary side switching circuit comprises a receiving coil, a secondary side compensation capacitor Cs, a secondary side compensation inductor LY and switches S1, S2, S3 and S4; one end of the receiving coil is connected with one end of LY, and the connecting point of the receiving coil and LY is connected with the positive plate of Cs; the other end of LY is connected with S3 in series through S1, and the connection point of S1 and S3 is used as a first output end of the secondary side switch circuit; the other end of the S3 is connected with a negative plate of the Cs, and a connecting point of the S3 and the Cs is connected with one end of the S2; the other end of the receiving coil is connected with the other end of the S2 through the S4; the connection point of S4 and S2 is used as a second output end of the secondary side switch circuit; the secondary side switching circuit receives energy through the coupling of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil, and converts the received energy into output voltage Umn of the secondary side switching circuit, namely voltage between a first output end and a second output end of the secondary side switching circuit;
the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is used for rectifying and stabilizing the output voltage Umn of the secondary side switching circuit, and the processed voltage is the output voltage of the constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging system;
(2) Setting system parameters, including: setting the constant current charging current of a battery as Ibat, s, the nominal voltage of the battery as Ubat, n, LX, Lp, LY, L, Cp, Cs, C, the mutual inductance between a transmitting coil and a receiving coil as M, the resonance angular frequency as omega,
(3) initializing a system: when the battery is not connected into the wireless charging protection system, the system is in a standby state, at the moment, the voltage output by the high-frequency inverter power supply is Uin and S, and the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 are all disconnected;
(4) when a battery is accessed, the charging protection is respectively carried out on the primary side and the secondary side of the wireless charging protection system;
the protection steps of the secondary side are as follows:
(4-1) collecting the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery, if Ubat, u < Ubat, n, judging that the connected battery is legal, closing the switches S1, S2 and S4 at the moment, and turning to the step (4-2); otherwise, the holding switches S1, S2, S3, S4 are all open; ubat, u represents the lowest voltage under undervoltage conditions of the battery;
(4-2) after the switches S1, S2 and S4 are closed, the wireless charging protection system carries out constant current charging on the battery until the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery meets Ubat > Ubat, n; when the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery meets Ubat > Ubat, n, S1 and S2 are opened, S3 is closed, and the wireless charging protection system carries out constant-voltage charging on the battery until charging is completed;
the protection steps of the primary side are as follows:
(4-3) collecting voltage Ucp at two ends of Cp, and judging whether the following conditions are met:
if so, judging that the connected battery is legal, adjusting the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply to Uin, n, and turning to the step (4-4); otherwise, keeping the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply as Uin, s;
and (4-4) acquiring the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply in real time, switching the output voltage to Uin, acquiring the voltage UCp at two ends of Cp after n, and adjusting the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply to Uin, s when UCp meets the requirement that UCp is equal to Uin, n, and returning to the step (4-3).
Further, the wireless charging system further comprises a primary side control circuit and a secondary side control circuit; the primary side control circuit includes: a voltage acquisition unit V1 and a microprocessor MCU 1; the secondary side control circuit comprises a voltage acquisition unit V2, a current acquisition unit and a microprocessor MCU 2; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the voltage acquisition unit V1 acquires voltages at two ends of Cp and sends the acquired voltage values to the microprocessor MCU 1; the microprocessor MCU1 generates a power supply voltage adjusting instruction according to the received voltage values at the two ends of the Cp and sends the power supply voltage adjusting instruction to the high-frequency inverter power supply, and the high-frequency inverter power supply adjusts the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply according to the power supply voltage adjusting instruction;
the voltage acquisition unit V2 and the current acquisition unit respectively acquire the voltage at two ends of the battery and the charging current of the battery and send the acquired data to the microprocessor MCU 2; the microprocessor MCU2 generates a switch control command according to the received voltage at two ends of the battery and the battery charging current, and controls the on-off of the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4.
Further, the method also comprises fault detection, and the fault detection comprises the following steps:
setting thresholds Ibat, m and Ubat, m; during charging, once the charging current Ibat is greater than Ibat, m or the charging voltage Ubat is greater than Ubat, m is detected, the system is judged to be in failure, and the microprocessor MCU2 opens the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 to open the secondary side; at this time, the voltage across the capacitor Cp becomes Uin, n, and the microprocessor MCU1 controls the output voltage of the high frequency inverter to switch to Uin, s.
Has the advantages that: the invention can respectively identify the illegal battery load access of the system on the primary side and the secondary side, thereby avoiding the information interaction between the primary side and the secondary side of the system and completing the safety protection of the system when the illegal battery load access system and the charging current and the charging voltage of the system are failed.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless charging system according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control flow diagram of the primary side of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the control of the secondary side of the system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the block diagram of the wireless charging system related by the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the circuit structure of the system comprises a high-frequency inverter power supply, a primary side compensation circuit, a primary side control circuit, a secondary side switch circuit, a rectification voltage stabilizing circuit and a secondary side control circuit.
in combination with the circuit schematic diagram of fig. 2, the high-frequency inverter power supply provides high-frequency electric energy for the system, the effective value of the power supply voltage is Uin, and the frequency of the power supply voltage is f. The primary side circuit is an LCL resonant circuit consisting of a compensation inductor LX, a compensation capacitor Cp and a transmitting coil; the inductance of the transmitting coil is Lp; the primary side control circuit includes a voltage acquisition unit across the compensation capacitor Cp and a microprocessor MCU1 that can control the power supply input voltage. The secondary side switch circuit includes a receive coil, a compensation capacitor Cs, a compensation inductance LY, and switches S1, S2, S3, S4. The inductance of the receiving coil is Ls; the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 are all normally open switches. S1, S2 and S3 are used for controlling the topology switching of the system, S4 is used for protecting the system, which is closed under normal working conditions; the output end of the secondary side switching circuit is connected with the input end of the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit, and the output end of the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is used as the output end of the constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging system; the secondary side control circuit includes: a battery voltage acquisition unit, a charging current acquisition unit and a microprocessor MCU2 for controlling all switches on the secondary side; the output frequency and the output voltage of the inverter power supply are kept unchanged in the charging process; LX-Ls-LY-L, Cp-Cs-C, and the mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil is M.
the wireless charging system is characterized in that S4 is closed under the condition that the system normally operates, and switches S1 and S2 are closed when the system is in a Constant Current (CC) charging mode; by detecting the charging voltage Ubat, when it rises to the nominal voltage Ubat, n, switches S1 and S2 are open, S3 is closed, and the system enters a Constant Voltage (CV) charging mode. In CV charge mode, the output voltage of the system is equal to the nominal voltage Ubat, n of the battery. We specify that the battery with the same nominal voltage as the output voltage of the system in the CV mode is a legal load, and the battery with the same nominal voltage as the output voltage of the system in the CV mode is an illegal load, and the nominal voltage of the illegal load is different from the nominal voltage of the legal load.
The system has two working states, one is a normal working state, the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply is Uin, n, the other is a standby state, the input voltage is Uin, s, Uin, s is less than or equal to Uin, n. When the system is in the CC charging mode, the battery charging current Ibat is related to the system input voltage by:
therefore, in a normal working state, the charging current in the CC mode is Ibat, n; in the standby operation state, the charging current in the CC mode is Ibat, s.
when the legal load is under-voltage, its voltage Ubat generally satisfies Ubat, u < Ubat, n. Wherein Ubat, u is the lowest voltage when the battery is in an undervoltage state, and Ubat, n is the nominal voltage of the battery.
Fig. 3 and 4 are control flow charts of the primary side and the secondary side, respectively, and the steps are as follows:
1. When no battery is accessed in the system, the system is in a standby state, the switches in fig. 2 are all turned off, and the voltage across the compensation capacitor Cp is Uin, s.
2. When a battery is accessed, firstly detecting the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery if the voltage Ubat satisfies the requirement
U＜U＜U (1)
The secondary side considers the connected battery to be a legal load and closes S1, S2 and S4 through the MCU 2. Because the information between the primary side and the secondary side is independent, the primary side identifies the load connected with the system by detecting the effective value of the voltage at two ends of the compensation capacitor Cp in real time, and the voltage at two ends of the Cp is as follows:
At this time, the system input is still the standby voltage, and in combination with the equivalent resistance conversion relationship before and after the rectifier bridge, the legal load should be that if the voltage detection unit on the primary side detects that UCp satisfies:
the primary side considers the connected battery as a legal load, the MCU1 controls the power supply to switch to a normal voltage Uin, n, and the system enters a normal working state.
If the battery voltage does not satisfy the formula (1), the secondary side considers that the system is connected with an illegal load, all the switches in fig. 1 are still off, the voltage at two ends of the compensation capacitor Cp is Uin, s, and the system is still in a standby mode.
3. If the system is connected to a legal load, the system enters CC mode. When the charging voltage Ubat is Ubat, n n, the MCU2 opens S1 and S2, closes S3, and the system enters CV mode.
4. if the charging voltage and the charging current are abnormal during the charging process, the MCU2 turns off all switches of the secondary side, i.e., the secondary side is open. At this time, the voltage across the capacitor Cp becomes Uin, n, the primary side determines that the system is abnormal, and the MCU1 controls the power supply to switch to the standby voltage Uin, n.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a wireless charging system protection method based on a load identification technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Set up wireless charging system, wireless charging system includes primary side and secondary side, and the primary side includes: the high-frequency inverter power supply, the primary side compensation circuit and the primary side control circuit; the secondary side comprises: the secondary side switching circuit, the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit and the secondary side control circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the primary side compensation circuit includes: the primary side compensation capacitor Cp, the primary side compensation inductor LX and the transmitting coil Lp; cp is connected with the transmitting coil Lp in parallel and then connected with LX in series to form an LCL resonance branch;
the high-frequency inverter power supply is connected in series at two ends of the LCL resonance branch circuit and provides high-frequency voltage for the primary side compensation circuit; the output frequency of the high-frequency inverter power supply is kept unchanged;
the secondary side switching circuit comprises a receiving coil Ls, a secondary side compensation capacitor Cs, a secondary side compensation inductor LY and switches S1, S2, S3 and S4; one end of the receiving coil is connected with one end of LY, and the connecting point of the receiving coil and LY is connected with the positive plate of Cs; the other end of LY is connected with S3 in series through S1, and the connection point of S1 and S3 is used as a first output end of the secondary side switch circuit; the other end of the S3 is connected with a negative plate of the Cs, and a connecting point of the S3 and the Cs is connected with one end of the S2; the other end of the receiving coil is connected with the other end of the S2 through the S4; the connection point of S4 and S2 is used as a second output end of the secondary side switch circuit; the secondary side switching circuit receives energy through the coupling of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil, and converts the received energy into output voltage Umn of the secondary side switching circuit, namely voltage between a first output end and a second output end of the secondary side switching circuit;
the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit is used for rectifying and stabilizing the output voltage Umn of the secondary side switching circuit, and the processed voltage is the output voltage of the constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging system;
The primary side control circuit includes: a voltage acquisition unit V1 and a microprocessor MCU 1; the secondary side control circuit comprises a voltage acquisition unit V2, a current acquisition unit and a microprocessor MCU 2; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the voltage acquisition unit V1 acquires voltages at two ends of Cp and sends the acquired voltage values to the microprocessor MCU 1; the microprocessor MCU1 generates a power supply voltage adjusting instruction according to the received voltage values at the two ends of the Cp and sends the power supply voltage adjusting instruction to the high-frequency inverter power supply, and the high-frequency inverter power supply adjusts the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply according to the power supply voltage adjusting instruction;
the voltage acquisition unit V2 and the current acquisition unit respectively acquire the voltage at two ends of the battery and the charging current of the battery and send the acquired data to the microprocessor MCU 2; the microprocessor MCU2 generates a switch control instruction according to the received voltage at two ends of the battery and the battery charging current, and controls the on-off of the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4;
(2) setting system parameters, including: setting the constant current charging current of a battery as Ibat, s, the nominal voltage of the battery as Ubat, the inductance values of n, LX, Lp, Ls and LY as L, Cp-Cs-C, the mutual inductance between a transmitting coil and a receiving coil as M, the resonance angular frequency as omega,
(3) initializing a system: when the wireless charging system is not connected with a battery, the system is in a standby state, at the time, the voltage output by the high-frequency inverter power supply is Uin, S, and the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 are all disconnected;
(4) When a battery is accessed, respectively performing charging protection on a primary side and a secondary side of the wireless charging system;
The protection steps of the secondary side are as follows:
(4-1) collecting the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery, if Ubat, u < Ubat, n, judging that the connected battery is legal, closing the switches S1, S2 and S4 at the moment, and turning to the step (4-2); otherwise, the holding switches S1, S2, S3, S4 are all open; ubat, u represents the lowest voltage under undervoltage conditions of the battery;
(4-2) after the switches S1, S2 and S4 are closed, the wireless charging system carries out constant current charging on the battery until the voltage Ubat at two ends of the battery meets Ubat > Ubat, n; when the voltage Ubat at the two ends of the battery meets Ubat > Ubat, n, S1 and S2 are opened, S3 is closed, and the wireless charging system performs constant-voltage charging on the battery until the charging is completed;
the protection steps of the primary side are as follows:
(4-3) collecting voltage UCp at two ends of Cp, and judging whether the following conditions are met:
If so, judging that the connected battery is legal, adjusting the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply to Uin, n, and turning to the step (4-4); otherwise, keeping the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply as Uin, s;
(4-4) acquiring the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply in real time, switching the output voltage into Uin, acquiring the voltage UCp at two ends of Cp after n, adjusting the output voltage of the high-frequency inverter power supply to Uin, s when UCp meets the requirement that UCp is equal to Uin, n, and returning to the step (4-3);
(5) the method is carried out in the charging process, fault detection is carried out, and the fault detection comprises the following steps:
Setting thresholds Ibat, m and Ubat, m; during charging, once the charging current Ibat is greater than Ibat, m or the charging voltage Ubat is greater than Ubat, m is detected, the system is judged to be in failure, and the microprocessor MCU2 opens the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 to open the secondary side; at this time, the voltage across the capacitor Cp becomes Uin, n, and the microprocessor MCU1 controls the output voltage of the high frequency inverter to switch to Uin, s.
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| CN109466350A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-15 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of compound wireless charging device of LCL |
| CN110401266B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-12 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Wireless charging receiving end circuit and electronic equipment with wireless charging function |
| CN111806259A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-23 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Wireless charging system and charging protection method |
| CN114572022A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-06-03 | 深圳市车多多科技有限公司 | Wireless charging method and automobile |
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