CN106786628B - A kind of controllable distribution transformer of stepless offset-type of voltage - Google Patents

A kind of controllable distribution transformer of stepless offset-type of voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106786628B
CN106786628B CN201611219606.XA CN201611219606A CN106786628B CN 106786628 B CN106786628 B CN 106786628B CN 201611219606 A CN201611219606 A CN 201611219606A CN 106786628 B CN106786628 B CN 106786628B
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China
Prior art keywords
phase
voltage
power switch
type
winding
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CN201611219606.XA
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CN106786628A (en
Inventor
孙振权
柳轶彬
刘炜
梁得亮
胡长金
张明康
任正某
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Shaanxi Electric Power Construction Group Co., Ltd
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Shaanxi Local Power Design Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of controllable distribution transformers of the stepless offset-type of voltage, by adding tap-changing windings, switching composition switch arrays using multiple groups electric and electronic power, the first winding of each phase of distribution transformer and the tap-changing windings of each phase is set to switch between a variety of connection types, including just connecing, being reversely connected, phase shift is just connecing, phase shift reversal connection, bypass, so that providing a kind of novel load voltage has a grade adjusting method.In a secondary winding Voltage type converter in parallel, the reactive current of consecutive variations is issued using current transformer, the offset voltage of consecutive variations is formed on transformer leakage inductance, the subtle compensation that interstage voltage is realized with this has grade compensation to realize a wide range of Continuous Compensation of distribution transformer load voltage with stepless subtle compensation cooperation.

Description

A kind of controllable distribution transformer of stepless offset-type of voltage
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable distribution transformers of the stepless offset-type of voltage, belong to transformer technology field.
Background technique
In recent years, power distribution network intelligent Process is constantly accelerated, and requirement of the user to distribution transformer supply voltage quality is got over Come higher, not only regulation precision is poor for traditional on-load voltage regulation technology based on multiple tap-change operations, response speed is slow, Er Qiehui It reduces System Reactive Power allowance, lead to system loss of stability.For this purpose, the static reacance based on all-controlling power electronics device occurs Device receives the common concern of people, which is directly parallel on load power supply buses, is realized by compensating reactive power electric current The continuously smooth of supply voltage is adjusted.But it is simple to generally require to compensate very big reactive current ability using static reactive generator Realize a wide range of smooth adjustment of load bus voltage, therefore its device entirety manufacturing cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of voltage, will have grade pressure regulation with it is idle Pressure regulation organically combines, and realizes that a wide range of continuously smooth of output voltage is adjusted.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of the voltage is by a three-phase three-winding transformer, three groups of switch arrays, one A three-phase voltage type current transformer is constituted.The every phase of three-phase three-winding transformer include source side winding, load winding, pressure regulation around Group.The switch arrays include that phase switcher group and reversal connection switching group, the phase switcher group are made of two power switch, instead It connects switching group and is made of bridge-type structure, each bridge arm of the tap-changing windings of every phase and positive-negative connected switching group in this phase four power switch Midpoint is connected, and two power switch of the phase switcher group of every phase are connected to the ungrounded top of positive-negative connected switching group in this phase simultaneously Point, the source side winding end of every phase are connected with two power switch, one of them is one of function of this phase phase shift switching group Rate switch, another is one of power switch of adjacent phase phase shift switching group;Two switching group functional independences, are respectively completed It is positive and negative to connect switching and phase shift switching.The three-phase voltage type current transformer is parallel to load winding head end, DC bus capacitor midpoint It is connect with the neutral point of load winding.
Each power switch in the switch arrays is by a pair of of anti-parallel thyristor, current-limiting resistance and solid-state relay structure At the primary switching between each power switch need to be by current-limiting resistance access, thyristor shutdown, turn on thyristors, current-limiting resistance This 4 steps are turned off to complete, to realize that switching is not interrupted in power supply, and inhibit winding circulation.
The connection type of the tap-changing windings and source side winding can just connect, be reversely connected, 120 ° of phase shifts are just connecing, 120 ° of phase shifts are anti- It connects, bypass and switch between five kinds of connection types, the corresponding 5 voltage gears of five kinds of connection types.
After the completion of the power switch switching, the modulation degree of current transformer can change between 0 to 1 to issue capacitive or perception Reactive current, to generating voltage trim amount forward or backwards on transformer leakage inductance, to compensate the minor deviations of load voltage.
The power switch pressure regulation and the idle pressure regulation cooperation of current transformer can form five continuously around 5 voltage gears Voltage adjust section.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
The every phase of distribution transformer of the present invention need to only increase a low capacity tap-changing windings, by reversal connection switching group and move Phase switching group cut-offs operation and can obtain a variety of winding connections, and realization has a grade pressure regulation, compared to traditional on-load voltage regulation mode, Tap number is greatly reduced, transformer device structure is simple, and coil volume utilization is more abundant.The present invention will have grade pressure regulation and be based on The reactive current continuous voltage regulating of full-control type power electronic device combines, and gives full play to the respective advantage of the two, not only increases The control precision that distribution transformer voltage is adjusted realizes a wide range of continuously smooth and adjusts, and can substantially reduce simple use The Breaking capacity of used wholly-controled device when static reactive generator.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the controllable distribution transformer circuit diagram of the stepless offset-type of voltage.
Fig. 2 is power switch structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3, which is that tap-changing windings are positive/negative, connects handoff procedure schematic diagram, wherein (a)~(e) is according to sequence shown in number in arrow Stage condition is corresponded to when switching over;
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c, Fig. 4 d, the phase shift handoff procedure stage condition figure that Fig. 4 e is tap-changing windings.
Fig. 5 is different voltages gear winding and tap-changing windings connected mode schematic diagram next time, wherein (a) is bypass, (b) It is positive/is reversely connected, (c) connect for 120 ° of phase shifts are positive/negative.
Fig. 6 is that voltage continuously smooth adjusts simulation waveform.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Those skilled in the art is easy reason Solution, as described below is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of voltage of the present invention includes a phase first winding 1a, b phase First winding 1c, a phase secondary winding 2a, b phase secondary winding 2b, c phase secondary winding 2c, a the phase pressure regulation of first winding 1b, c phase around Group 3a, b phase tap-changing windings 3b, c phase tap-changing windings 3c.Each phase first winding head/end is followed successively by A/X, B/Y, C/Z, each phase Secondary winding head/end is followed successively by a2/x2、b2/y2、c2/z2, each phase tap-changing windings head/end is followed successively by a3/x3、b3/y3、 c3/z3, it is specified that the head end of three windings is Same Name of Ends, each phase first winding head end connects power grid.Its main feature is that further include a phase just/ Reversal connection switching group 4a, b phase is positive/negative to connect that switching group 4b, c phase is positive/negative to connect switching group 4c and a phase phase shift switching group 5a, b phase shift Phase switching group 5b, c phase phase shift switching group 5c and three-phase voltage type current transformer 12.
The positive/negative switching group 4a that connects of a phase is by power switch 6a, power switch 7a, power switch 8a and power switch 9a It constitutes, a phase phase shift switching group 5a is made of power switch 10a and power switch 11a.Their specific connection type are as follows: power The head end a of one end of switch 6a, one end of power switch 8a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a3It is commonly connected to node J1a, power switch The other end of 6a, one end of power switch 9a, one end of power switch 10a and power switch 11a one end be commonly connected to save Point J2a, the end x of one end of power switch 7a, the other end of power switch 9a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a3In node J3aIt is connected, The other end of power switch 7a and the other end of power switch 8a are in node J4aIt is connected.The positive/negative switching group 4b that connects of b phase is opened by power It closes 6b, power switch 7b, power switch 8b and power switch 9b to constitute, phase shift switching group 5b is by power switch 10b and power for b phase Switch 11b is constituted.The head end b of one end of power switch 6b, one end of power switch 8b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b3Common connection In node J1b, the other end of power switch 6b, one end of power switch 9b, one end of power switch 10b and power switch 11b One end is in node J2bIt is connected, the end y of one end of power switch 7b, the other end of power switch 9b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b3? Node J3bIt is connected, the other end of power switch 7b and the other end of power switch 8b are in node J4bIt is connected.C phase is positive/negative to connect switch Group 4c is made of power switch 6c, power switch 7c, power switch 8c and power switch 9c, and 5c is by power for c phase phase shift switching group Switch 10c and power switch 11c is constituted.The head of one end of power switch 6c, one end of power switch 8c and c phase tap-changing windings 3c Hold c3In node J1cIt is connected, the other end of power switch 6c, one end of power switch 9c, one end of power switch 10c and power One end of switch 11c is in node J2cIt is connected, one end of power switch 7c, the other end of power switch 9c and c phase tap-changing windings 3c End z3In node J3cIt is connected, the other end of power switch 7c and the other end of power switch 8c are in node J4cIt is connected.
Node J4a, node J4b, node J4cIt is connected to node J7Access the earth later.The other end, the function of power switch 10a The other end of rate switch 11c is connected with the end X of a phase first winding 1a, the other end of power switch 10b, power switch 11a The other end is connected with the end Y of b phase first winding 1b, the end of power switch 10c, power switch 11b and c phase first winding 1c Z is connected.
A, the end x of b, c phase secondary winding2、y2、z2It is connected together and by neutral point J6It draws to realize three-phase four-wire system Power supply.The three-phase output end of three-phase voltage type current transformer 12 is parallel to the head end a of a, b, c phase secondary winding2、b2、c2, three-phase electricity The DC side bus capacitor 13 of die mould current transformer 12 is connected in series by two equal capacitors of capacitance, capacitor midpoint J5After extraction With midpoint J6It is connected.
As shown in Fig. 2, the specific topology of power switch is illustrated by taking power switch 6a as an example in the present invention.Power switch 6a is made of anti-parallel thyristor 61a, current-limiting resistance 62a and solid-state relay 63a, wherein current-limiting resistance 62a and solid-state relay In parallel with anti-parallel thyristor 61a after device 63a series connection, the element composition of each power switch is consistent in the present invention, labeling method Unification, such as power switch 10a are made of anti-parallel thyristor 101a, current-limiting resistance 102a and solid-state relay 103a, power Switch 10b is made of anti-parallel thyristor 101b, current-limiting resistance 102b and solid-state relay 103b, and power switch 10c is by instead simultaneously Join thyristor 101c, current-limiting resistance 102c and solid-state relay 103c to constitute, power switch 7a is by anti-parallel thyristor 71a, limit Leakage resistance 72a and solid-state relay 73a is constituted.
The connection type that Fig. 3 gives a phase tap-changing windings 3a and a phase first winding 1a by taking a phase tap-changing windings 3a as an example exists It is positive/negative connect between the action process that respectively switchs when switching.In Fig. 3, heavy line indicates that the path current circulates, and fine dotted line then indicates The path does not have current flowing.Assuming that a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is in state is just connect when initial, at this time instead Parallel thyristors 61a, 71a keep triggering and conducting, and electric current is through anti-parallel thyristor 61a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a, inverse parallel crystalline substance lock Pipe 71a circulation, as shown in Fig. 3 (a).After switching starts, firstly, solid-state relay 93a, 83a are closed, then current-limiting resistance 92a, 82a are in parallel with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, thus in anti-parallel thyristor 61a, current-limiting resistance 92a, solid-state relay 93a, a Phase tap-changing windings 3a and anti-parallel thyristor 71a, solid-state relay 83a, current-limiting resistance 82a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a the two Two-way circulation is formed in circuit, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), current-limiting resistance 82a, 92a mainly plays a part of to limit circulation, a phase one at this time Secondary winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is still in just connecing state.Then, anti-parallel thyristor 61a, 71a stops triggering, and zero passage is closed Disconnected, electric current is flowed through current-limiting resistance 92a, solid-state relay 93a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a, current-limiting resistance 82a, solid-state relay 83a Logical, as shown in Fig. 3 (c), current-limiting resistance 82a, 92a mainly plays a part of to maintain current on line side conducting, prevents power-off, a phase at this time First winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is switched to reversal connection state.Then, anti-parallel thyristor 91a, 81a triggering and conducting is such as schemed Shown in 3 (d), since anti-parallel thyristor conducting resistance is much smaller than current-limiting resistance, current on line side by current-limiting resistance 82a, 92a, solid-state relay 83a, 93a are transferred to anti-parallel thyristor 81a, 91a, at a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a In reversal connection state.Finally, solid-state relay 83a, 93a are disconnected, and as shown in Fig. 3 (e), a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a stablizes in reversal connection state, to complete the complete switching for being just connected to reversal connection.
Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 e gives tap-changing windings and first winding carries out the action process respectively switched when phase shift switching.Figure In, heavy line, fine dotted line meaning be consistent above.Assuming that there is no phase between first winding and tap-changing windings when initial It moves, and in state is just connect, i.e. a, b, c phase first winding 1a, 1b, 1c is positive with a, b, c phase tap-changing windings 3a, 3b, 3c respectively Series connection;At this point, anti-parallel thyristor 101a, 101b, 101c are on state, current flow paths are as shown in fig. 4 a.When After switching starts, firstly, solid-state relay 113a, 113b, 113c are closed, then current-limiting resistance 112a, 112b, 112c quilt It is linked to be triangle, three vertex successively meet the head end a in a, b, c phase tap-changing windings3、b3、c3, at this point, will in 3 circuits shape At 3 circulation, shown in specific current path such as Fig. 4 (b), current-limiting resistance plays a part of to limit circulation.Then, anti-parallel thyristor 101a, 101b, 101c stop triggering, zero-crossing switching, and three-phase current is transferred to current-limiting resistance 112a, 112b, 112c and consolidates State relay 113a, 113b, 113c circulation, as shown in Fig. 4 (c), first winding and tap-changing windings enter phase-shift states.Then, Anti-parallel thyristor 111a, 111b, 111c are both turned on, and as shown in Fig. 4 (d), first winding and tap-changing windings keep original shifting Phase state.Finally, solid-state relay 113a, 113b, 113c are disconnected, as shown in Fig. 4 (e), first winding is complete with tap-changing windings At phase shift, connected by original a phase first winding 1a with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, b phase first winding 1b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b Series connection, c phase first winding 1c are concatenated with the mode that is connected with c phase tap-changing windings 3c, become a phase first winding 1a and c phase and adjust Pressure winding 3c series connection, b phase first winding 1b are connected with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, c phase first winding 1c and b phase tap-changing windings 3b goes here and there The phase shift connection type of connection is finally completed complete phase shift switching.
Positive/negative switching is connect and the phase shift as shown in Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 e is switched to two kinds of basic procedures with as shown in Figure 3 Movement often needs for above two switching flow to be used cooperatively in actual motion, could complete the multistage of load voltage sequentially Switching.By the study found that there are 5 kinds of practical connection types, specifically such as Fig. 5 institute between first winding and tap-changing windings Show, 5 gears of grade pressure regulation have just been determined at this time.Around each gear, 12 cooperation of three-phase voltage type current transformer is allowed, hair Continuous capacitive or inductive reactive power electric current can form longitudinal pressure drop in transformer leakage reactance out, to realize the company of output voltage Continuous accurate adjusting.Fig. 6 has given grade adjusting and has realized with continuous accurate adjusting mutual cooperation in the case where network voltage is constant A phase output voltage is in the simulation waveform of positive half period when load output voltage continuously adjusts on a large scale, and thick line indicates grade in figure Voltage gear center when adjusting, output voltage is corresponding in turn to from low to high just to be connect, 120 ° of phase shift reversal connections, bypasses, 120 ° of phase shifts It just connects, be reversely connected;Filament then indicates the voltage waveform when modulation degree variation of current transformer.As can be seen from the figure output voltage is really Can be in a wide range of interior consecutive variations, although phase shift can make output voltage phase that minor shifts occur when adjusting, voltage magnitude begins It eventually can consecutive variations.Then illustrate that the present invention is entirely capable of resisting distribution by there is grade to adjust to match with continuous accurate adjusting in turn The various voltage disturbances that transformer output voltage is encountered, to realize the stability contorting of load voltage.
In short, the present invention makes to match by adding tap-changing windings, switching composition switch arrays using multiple groups electric and electronic power The first winding (source side winding) of each phase of piezoelectric transformer and the tap-changing windings of each phase can switch between a variety of connection types, including Just connect, be reversely connected, phase shift just connects, phase shift reversal connection, bypass, so that providing a kind of novel load voltage has a grade regulative mode.Meanwhile Secondary winding (load winding) one Voltage type converter of parallel connection, the reactive current of consecutive variations is issued using current transformer, in transformation The offset voltage that consecutive variations are formed in device leakage inductance, the subtle compensation of interstage voltage is realized with this, have grade compensation with it is stepless thin It is micro- to compensate cooperation to realize a wide range of Continuous Compensation of distribution transformer load voltage.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of controllable distribution transformer of stepless offset-type of voltage, it is characterised in that: the distribution transformer includes three-phase three winding Transformer and three-phase voltage type current transformer (12);The every phase of three-phase three-winding transformer include source side winding, load winding, Tap-changing windings and switch arrays;Switch arrays include phase switcher group and positive-negative connected switching group, and phase switcher group includes two A power switch, positive-negative connected switching group are the bridge-type structure being made of four power switch;The tap-changing windings of every phase in this phase Each bridge arm midpoint of positive-negative connected switching group is connected, and two power switch of the phase switcher group of every phase are connected in this phase just simultaneously It is reversely connected the ungrounded vertex of switching group;The source side winding end of every phase is connected with two power switch, in two power switch One one of power switch for phase switcher group in this phase, another for phase switcher group in adjacent phase one of them Power switch, and be connected when power switch difference with the above source side winding of two-phase;The exchange of three-phase voltage type current transformer (12) is defeated Outlet is parallel to load winding head end, the neutrality at three-phase voltage type current transformer (12) DC bus capacitor midpoint and threephase load winding Point connection.
2. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switch arrays Each power switch in column includes a pair of of anti-parallel thyristor, current-limiting resistance and solid-state relay, wherein current-limiting resistance and solid It is in parallel with anti-parallel thyristor after the series connection of state relay.
3. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switch arrays Phase switcher group and positive-negative connected switching group in column is mutually indepedent, and each phase switcher group passes through the switching of itself two power switch The phase shift for completing source side winding and tap-changing windings switches, and positive-negative connected switching group is by being connected to two power on bridge-type structure vertex The switching of switch completes source side winding and the positive and negative of tap-changing windings in corresponding phase and connects switching.
4. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure regulation around Group and the connection type of source side winding by the switching between power switch can just connect, be reversely connected, 120 ° of phase shifts are just connecing, 120 ° of shiftings Mutually switch between five kinds of reversal connection, bypass connection types, the corresponding five voltage gears of five kinds of connection types.
5. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the power is opened Primary switching between pass need to turn off this four steps by current-limiting resistance access, thyristor shutdown, turn on thyristors, current-limiting resistance It is rapid to complete.
6. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the distribution becomes Depressor is adjusted by three-phase voltage type current transformer (12) idle pressure regulation to form five continuous voltages around each voltage gear Section.
7. the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of a kind of voltage according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the pressure regulation around With after the completion of the connection type switching of source side winding, three-phase voltage type current transformer (12) is issued continuous group by change modulates degree Reactive current, to generate voltage-regulation amount forward or backwards in the leakage inductance of three-phase three-winding transformer.
CN201611219606.XA 2016-12-26 2016-12-26 A kind of controllable distribution transformer of stepless offset-type of voltage Expired - Fee Related CN106786628B (en)

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CN109888791B (en) * 2019-01-25 2021-01-19 西安交通大学 Active power distribution network based on hybrid power distribution transformer and control method thereof

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Granted publication date: 20190621

Termination date: 20201226