Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of voltage, will have grade pressure regulation with it is idle
Pressure regulation organically combines, and realizes that a wide range of continuously smooth of output voltage is adjusted.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of the voltage is by a three-phase three-winding transformer, three groups of switch arrays, one
A three-phase voltage type current transformer is constituted.The every phase of three-phase three-winding transformer include source side winding, load winding, pressure regulation around
Group.The switch arrays include that phase switcher group and reversal connection switching group, the phase switcher group are made of two power switch, instead
It connects switching group and is made of bridge-type structure, each bridge arm of the tap-changing windings of every phase and positive-negative connected switching group in this phase four power switch
Midpoint is connected, and two power switch of the phase switcher group of every phase are connected to the ungrounded top of positive-negative connected switching group in this phase simultaneously
Point, the source side winding end of every phase are connected with two power switch, one of them is one of function of this phase phase shift switching group
Rate switch, another is one of power switch of adjacent phase phase shift switching group;Two switching group functional independences, are respectively completed
It is positive and negative to connect switching and phase shift switching.The three-phase voltage type current transformer is parallel to load winding head end, DC bus capacitor midpoint
It is connect with the neutral point of load winding.
Each power switch in the switch arrays is by a pair of of anti-parallel thyristor, current-limiting resistance and solid-state relay structure
At the primary switching between each power switch need to be by current-limiting resistance access, thyristor shutdown, turn on thyristors, current-limiting resistance
This 4 steps are turned off to complete, to realize that switching is not interrupted in power supply, and inhibit winding circulation.
The connection type of the tap-changing windings and source side winding can just connect, be reversely connected, 120 ° of phase shifts are just connecing, 120 ° of phase shifts are anti-
It connects, bypass and switch between five kinds of connection types, the corresponding 5 voltage gears of five kinds of connection types.
After the completion of the power switch switching, the modulation degree of current transformer can change between 0 to 1 to issue capacitive or perception
Reactive current, to generating voltage trim amount forward or backwards on transformer leakage inductance, to compensate the minor deviations of load voltage.
The power switch pressure regulation and the idle pressure regulation cooperation of current transformer can form five continuously around 5 voltage gears
Voltage adjust section.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
The every phase of distribution transformer of the present invention need to only increase a low capacity tap-changing windings, by reversal connection switching group and move
Phase switching group cut-offs operation and can obtain a variety of winding connections, and realization has a grade pressure regulation, compared to traditional on-load voltage regulation mode,
Tap number is greatly reduced, transformer device structure is simple, and coil volume utilization is more abundant.The present invention will have grade pressure regulation and be based on
The reactive current continuous voltage regulating of full-control type power electronic device combines, and gives full play to the respective advantage of the two, not only increases
The control precision that distribution transformer voltage is adjusted realizes a wide range of continuously smooth and adjusts, and can substantially reduce simple use
The Breaking capacity of used wholly-controled device when static reactive generator.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Those skilled in the art is easy reason
Solution, as described below is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the controllable distribution transformer of the stepless offset-type of voltage of the present invention includes a phase first winding 1a, b phase
First winding 1c, a phase secondary winding 2a, b phase secondary winding 2b, c phase secondary winding 2c, a the phase pressure regulation of first winding 1b, c phase around
Group 3a, b phase tap-changing windings 3b, c phase tap-changing windings 3c.Each phase first winding head/end is followed successively by A/X, B/Y, C/Z, each phase
Secondary winding head/end is followed successively by a2/x2、b2/y2、c2/z2, each phase tap-changing windings head/end is followed successively by a3/x3、b3/y3、
c3/z3, it is specified that the head end of three windings is Same Name of Ends, each phase first winding head end connects power grid.Its main feature is that further include a phase just/
Reversal connection switching group 4a, b phase is positive/negative to connect that switching group 4b, c phase is positive/negative to connect switching group 4c and a phase phase shift switching group 5a, b phase shift
Phase switching group 5b, c phase phase shift switching group 5c and three-phase voltage type current transformer 12.
The positive/negative switching group 4a that connects of a phase is by power switch 6a, power switch 7a, power switch 8a and power switch 9a
It constitutes, a phase phase shift switching group 5a is made of power switch 10a and power switch 11a.Their specific connection type are as follows: power
The head end a of one end of switch 6a, one end of power switch 8a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a3It is commonly connected to node J1a, power switch
The other end of 6a, one end of power switch 9a, one end of power switch 10a and power switch 11a one end be commonly connected to save
Point J2a, the end x of one end of power switch 7a, the other end of power switch 9a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a3In node J3aIt is connected,
The other end of power switch 7a and the other end of power switch 8a are in node J4aIt is connected.The positive/negative switching group 4b that connects of b phase is opened by power
It closes 6b, power switch 7b, power switch 8b and power switch 9b to constitute, phase shift switching group 5b is by power switch 10b and power for b phase
Switch 11b is constituted.The head end b of one end of power switch 6b, one end of power switch 8b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b3Common connection
In node J1b, the other end of power switch 6b, one end of power switch 9b, one end of power switch 10b and power switch 11b
One end is in node J2bIt is connected, the end y of one end of power switch 7b, the other end of power switch 9b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b3?
Node J3bIt is connected, the other end of power switch 7b and the other end of power switch 8b are in node J4bIt is connected.C phase is positive/negative to connect switch
Group 4c is made of power switch 6c, power switch 7c, power switch 8c and power switch 9c, and 5c is by power for c phase phase shift switching group
Switch 10c and power switch 11c is constituted.The head of one end of power switch 6c, one end of power switch 8c and c phase tap-changing windings 3c
Hold c3In node J1cIt is connected, the other end of power switch 6c, one end of power switch 9c, one end of power switch 10c and power
One end of switch 11c is in node J2cIt is connected, one end of power switch 7c, the other end of power switch 9c and c phase tap-changing windings 3c
End z3In node J3cIt is connected, the other end of power switch 7c and the other end of power switch 8c are in node J4cIt is connected.
Node J4a, node J4b, node J4cIt is connected to node J7Access the earth later.The other end, the function of power switch 10a
The other end of rate switch 11c is connected with the end X of a phase first winding 1a, the other end of power switch 10b, power switch 11a
The other end is connected with the end Y of b phase first winding 1b, the end of power switch 10c, power switch 11b and c phase first winding 1c
Z is connected.
A, the end x of b, c phase secondary winding2、y2、z2It is connected together and by neutral point J6It draws to realize three-phase four-wire system
Power supply.The three-phase output end of three-phase voltage type current transformer 12 is parallel to the head end a of a, b, c phase secondary winding2、b2、c2, three-phase electricity
The DC side bus capacitor 13 of die mould current transformer 12 is connected in series by two equal capacitors of capacitance, capacitor midpoint J5After extraction
With midpoint J6It is connected.
As shown in Fig. 2, the specific topology of power switch is illustrated by taking power switch 6a as an example in the present invention.Power switch
6a is made of anti-parallel thyristor 61a, current-limiting resistance 62a and solid-state relay 63a, wherein current-limiting resistance 62a and solid-state relay
In parallel with anti-parallel thyristor 61a after device 63a series connection, the element composition of each power switch is consistent in the present invention, labeling method
Unification, such as power switch 10a are made of anti-parallel thyristor 101a, current-limiting resistance 102a and solid-state relay 103a, power
Switch 10b is made of anti-parallel thyristor 101b, current-limiting resistance 102b and solid-state relay 103b, and power switch 10c is by instead simultaneously
Join thyristor 101c, current-limiting resistance 102c and solid-state relay 103c to constitute, power switch 7a is by anti-parallel thyristor 71a, limit
Leakage resistance 72a and solid-state relay 73a is constituted.
The connection type that Fig. 3 gives a phase tap-changing windings 3a and a phase first winding 1a by taking a phase tap-changing windings 3a as an example exists
It is positive/negative connect between the action process that respectively switchs when switching.In Fig. 3, heavy line indicates that the path current circulates, and fine dotted line then indicates
The path does not have current flowing.Assuming that a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is in state is just connect when initial, at this time instead
Parallel thyristors 61a, 71a keep triggering and conducting, and electric current is through anti-parallel thyristor 61a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a, inverse parallel crystalline substance lock
Pipe 71a circulation, as shown in Fig. 3 (a).After switching starts, firstly, solid-state relay 93a, 83a are closed, then current-limiting resistance
92a, 82a are in parallel with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, thus in anti-parallel thyristor 61a, current-limiting resistance 92a, solid-state relay 93a, a
Phase tap-changing windings 3a and anti-parallel thyristor 71a, solid-state relay 83a, current-limiting resistance 82a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a the two
Two-way circulation is formed in circuit, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), current-limiting resistance 82a, 92a mainly plays a part of to limit circulation, a phase one at this time
Secondary winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is still in just connecing state.Then, anti-parallel thyristor 61a, 71a stops triggering, and zero passage is closed
Disconnected, electric current is flowed through current-limiting resistance 92a, solid-state relay 93a, a phase tap-changing windings 3a, current-limiting resistance 82a, solid-state relay 83a
Logical, as shown in Fig. 3 (c), current-limiting resistance 82a, 92a mainly plays a part of to maintain current on line side conducting, prevents power-off, a phase at this time
First winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a is switched to reversal connection state.Then, anti-parallel thyristor 91a, 81a triggering and conducting is such as schemed
Shown in 3 (d), since anti-parallel thyristor conducting resistance is much smaller than current-limiting resistance, current on line side by current-limiting resistance 82a,
92a, solid-state relay 83a, 93a are transferred to anti-parallel thyristor 81a, 91a, at a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings 3a
In reversal connection state.Finally, solid-state relay 83a, 93a are disconnected, and as shown in Fig. 3 (e), a phase first winding 1a and a phase tap-changing windings
3a stablizes in reversal connection state, to complete the complete switching for being just connected to reversal connection.
Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 e gives tap-changing windings and first winding carries out the action process respectively switched when phase shift switching.Figure
In, heavy line, fine dotted line meaning be consistent above.Assuming that there is no phase between first winding and tap-changing windings when initial
It moves, and in state is just connect, i.e. a, b, c phase first winding 1a, 1b, 1c is positive with a, b, c phase tap-changing windings 3a, 3b, 3c respectively
Series connection;At this point, anti-parallel thyristor 101a, 101b, 101c are on state, current flow paths are as shown in fig. 4 a.When
After switching starts, firstly, solid-state relay 113a, 113b, 113c are closed, then current-limiting resistance 112a, 112b, 112c quilt
It is linked to be triangle, three vertex successively meet the head end a in a, b, c phase tap-changing windings3、b3、c3, at this point, will in 3 circuits shape
At 3 circulation, shown in specific current path such as Fig. 4 (b), current-limiting resistance plays a part of to limit circulation.Then, anti-parallel thyristor
101a, 101b, 101c stop triggering, zero-crossing switching, and three-phase current is transferred to current-limiting resistance 112a, 112b, 112c and consolidates
State relay 113a, 113b, 113c circulation, as shown in Fig. 4 (c), first winding and tap-changing windings enter phase-shift states.Then,
Anti-parallel thyristor 111a, 111b, 111c are both turned on, and as shown in Fig. 4 (d), first winding and tap-changing windings keep original shifting
Phase state.Finally, solid-state relay 113a, 113b, 113c are disconnected, as shown in Fig. 4 (e), first winding is complete with tap-changing windings
At phase shift, connected by original a phase first winding 1a with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, b phase first winding 1b and b phase tap-changing windings 3b
Series connection, c phase first winding 1c are concatenated with the mode that is connected with c phase tap-changing windings 3c, become a phase first winding 1a and c phase and adjust
Pressure winding 3c series connection, b phase first winding 1b are connected with a phase tap-changing windings 3a, c phase first winding 1c and b phase tap-changing windings 3b goes here and there
The phase shift connection type of connection is finally completed complete phase shift switching.
Positive/negative switching is connect and the phase shift as shown in Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 e is switched to two kinds of basic procedures with as shown in Figure 3
Movement often needs for above two switching flow to be used cooperatively in actual motion, could complete the multistage of load voltage sequentially
Switching.By the study found that there are 5 kinds of practical connection types, specifically such as Fig. 5 institute between first winding and tap-changing windings
Show, 5 gears of grade pressure regulation have just been determined at this time.Around each gear, 12 cooperation of three-phase voltage type current transformer is allowed, hair
Continuous capacitive or inductive reactive power electric current can form longitudinal pressure drop in transformer leakage reactance out, to realize the company of output voltage
Continuous accurate adjusting.Fig. 6 has given grade adjusting and has realized with continuous accurate adjusting mutual cooperation in the case where network voltage is constant
A phase output voltage is in the simulation waveform of positive half period when load output voltage continuously adjusts on a large scale, and thick line indicates grade in figure
Voltage gear center when adjusting, output voltage is corresponding in turn to from low to high just to be connect, 120 ° of phase shift reversal connections, bypasses, 120 ° of phase shifts
It just connects, be reversely connected;Filament then indicates the voltage waveform when modulation degree variation of current transformer.As can be seen from the figure output voltage is really
Can be in a wide range of interior consecutive variations, although phase shift can make output voltage phase that minor shifts occur when adjusting, voltage magnitude begins
It eventually can consecutive variations.Then illustrate that the present invention is entirely capable of resisting distribution by there is grade to adjust to match with continuous accurate adjusting in turn
The various voltage disturbances that transformer output voltage is encountered, to realize the stability contorting of load voltage.
In short, the present invention makes to match by adding tap-changing windings, switching composition switch arrays using multiple groups electric and electronic power
The first winding (source side winding) of each phase of piezoelectric transformer and the tap-changing windings of each phase can switch between a variety of connection types, including
Just connect, be reversely connected, phase shift just connects, phase shift reversal connection, bypass, so that providing a kind of novel load voltage has a grade regulative mode.Meanwhile
Secondary winding (load winding) one Voltage type converter of parallel connection, the reactive current of consecutive variations is issued using current transformer, in transformation
The offset voltage that consecutive variations are formed in device leakage inductance, the subtle compensation of interstage voltage is realized with this, have grade compensation with it is stepless thin
It is micro- to compensate cooperation to realize a wide range of Continuous Compensation of distribution transformer load voltage.