CN106785115B - A kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method - Google Patents

A kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method Download PDF

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CN106785115B
CN106785115B CN201611192379.6A CN201611192379A CN106785115B CN 106785115 B CN106785115 B CN 106785115B CN 201611192379 A CN201611192379 A CN 201611192379A CN 106785115 B CN106785115 B CN 106785115B
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sodium
energy storage
storage device
discharge
capacity
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CN106785115A (en
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鲍剑明
龚明光
孙贤书
刘宇
王佳斌
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Shanghai Electric Enterprise Development Co ltd
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Shanghai Electric Sodium Sulfur Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,包括下列步骤:第一放电步骤:以额定放电电流对运行中的钠硫储能设备进行恒流放电,并放电至放电截止电压,搁置1~24h;充电步骤:以额定充电电流对所述钠硫储能设备进行恒流充电,并充电至充电截止电压,计量充电容量Qc,搁置1~24h;第二放电步骤:以额定放电电流对所述钠硫储能设备进行恒流放电,并放电至放电截止电压,计量放电容量Qd;库伦效率计算步骤:库伦效率η计算公式为:衰减判断步骤:当所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率大于等于101%或小于等于99%,判断所述钠硫储能设备出现容量衰减。其技术效果是:具有灵敏度高、可执行性好、操作简单等优点。

The invention discloses a method for judging capacity decay of a sodium-sulfur energy storage device, comprising the following steps: a first discharging step: performing constant current discharge on a running sodium-sulfur energy storage device with a rated discharge current, and discharging to a discharge cut-off voltage; Shelving for 1-24 hours; charging step: charge the sodium-sulfur energy storage device with a constant current at the rated charging current, and charge it to the charging cut-off voltage, measure the charging capacity Q c , and leave it for 1-24 hours; the second discharging step: charge the sodium-sulfur energy storage device at the rated charging current The discharge current carries out constant current discharge to the sodium-sulfur energy storage device, and discharges to the discharge cut-off voltage, and measures the discharge capacity Q d ; Coulomb efficiency calculation step: Coulomb efficiency η calculation formula is: Attenuation judgment step: when the coulombic efficiency of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is greater than or equal to 101% or less than or equal to 99%, it is judged that the sodium-sulfur energy storage device has capacity attenuation. The technical effect is that it has the advantages of high sensitivity, good operability, and simple operation.

Description

A kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment methods in battery detecting field.
Background technique
Sodium-sulphur battery is a kind of large capacity, the high temperature secondary battery of long-life, in peak load shifting, new-energy grid-connected, intelligence The fields such as power grid construction, which have, to be widely applied.Under normal circumstances with the continuous progress of charge and discharge cycles, capacity gradually slowly declines Subtracting, sodium-sulphur battery has about 4500 cycle life, however since the material selection of sodium-sulphur battery monomer is improper or sodium sulphur Perhaps charge and discharge system is unreasonable causes to abuse or the reason of other cannot not be predicted leads for the quality of materials problem of battery cell It causes the improper decaying of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity to limit the application of sodium-sulphur battery to a certain extent, therefore sodium sulphur energy storage is set Standby capacity attenuation is carried out judgement and proposes to be of great significance using suggestion to user.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgement Method, with high sensitivity, enforceability is good, simple operation and other advantages.
Realizing a kind of technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is: a kind of 1. sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment methods, including The following steps:
First discharge step: constant-current discharge is carried out to running sodium sulphur energy storage device with nominal discharge current, and is discharged To discharge cut-off voltage, shelve 1~for 24 hours;
Charge step: carrying out constant-current charge to the sodium sulphur energy storage device with specified charging current, and charges to charging and cut Only voltage measures charging capacity Qc, shelve 1~for 24 hours;
Second discharge step: constant-current discharge is carried out to the sodium sulphur energy storage device with nominal discharge current, and is discharged to Electric blanking voltage measures discharge capacity Qd
Coulombic efficiency calculates step: coulombic efficiency η calculation formula are as follows:
Decay judgment step: when the sodium sulphur energy storage device coulombic efficiency be more than or equal to 101% or be less than or equal to 99%, Judge that the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is decayed.
Further, in the charge step, after the voltage of the sodium sulphur energy storage device reaches charge cutoff voltage, after Continuous constant-voltage charge, until charging current is decreased to the 10% of specified charging current.
Further, in the judgment step that decays, if the coulombic efficiency for the sodium sulphur energy storage device occur is more than or equal to 105% Or it is less than or equal to 95%, judge that improper decaying occurs in the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device, the sodium sulphur energy storage device is necessary It is scrapped or is updated.
Further, there are also coulombic efficiency comparison steps after the judgment step that decays, i.e., the sodium sulphur measured n-th stores up The coulombic efficiency η of energy equipmentn, the coulombic efficiency η of the sodium sulphur energy storage device measured with (n-1)th timen-1It is compared, if logical Cross and compare to obtain | ηnn-1| >=1%, then judge that improper decaying, the sodium sulphur storage occurs in the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device Energy equipment must be scrapped or be updated.
Further, the time interval that arbitrary neighborhood is detected twice between the coulombic efficiency of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is One week to 1 year.
Further, when carrying out the detection of any coulombic efficiency to the sodium sulphur energy storage device, if the sodium The coulombic efficiency of sulphur energy storage device is more than or equal to 101% or less than or equal to 99%, then shortens this time and next time stores up the sodium sulphur Energy equipment carries out the interval time between coulombic efficiency detection.
Further, the sodium sulphur energy storage device is sodium-sulphur battery monomer, sodium-sulphur battery group, sodium-sulfur battery module or sodium sulphur One of battery power station.
Using a kind of technical solution of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method of the invention, including following step It is rapid: the first discharge step: constant-current discharge being carried out to running sodium sulphur energy storage device with nominal discharge current, and is discharged to electric discharge Blanking voltage, shelve 1~for 24 hours;Charge step: carrying out constant-current charge to the sodium sulphur energy storage device with specified charging current, and Charge cutoff voltage is charged to, charging capacity Q is measuredc, shelve 1~for 24 hours;Second discharge step: with nominal discharge current to institute It states sodium sulphur energy storage device and carries out constant-current discharge, and be discharged to discharge cut-off voltage, measure discharge capacity Qd;Coulombic efficiency calculates step It is rapid: coulombic efficiency η calculation formula are as follows:Decay judgment step: when the coulombic efficiency of the sodium sulphur energy storage device More than or equal to 101% or less than or equal to 99%, judge that the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is decayed.Its technical effect is that: With having, high sensitivity, enforceability be good, simple operation and other advantages for it.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sodium-sulphur battery monomer in a kind of embodiment of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method of the invention Coulombic efficiency variation diagram.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present inventor in order to preferably understand technical solution of the present invention, is led to below Specifically embodiment is crossed, and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
A kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method of the present invention is to sodium-sulphur battery monomer, sodium-sulphur battery group or sodium The sodium sulphur energy storage device such as sulphur battery module or sodium-sulphur battery power station is all suitable for.
As the basic component units of sodium sulphur energy-storage system, sodium-sulphur battery monomer is with β "-Al2O3Electrolyte ceramics Guan Wei electricity Matter and diaphragm are solved, therefore does not have side reaction, without self discharge, the coulombic efficiency η of charge and discharge cycles is generally 100%, Huo Zhe The range fluctuation of very little near 100%.But it often will appear charging capacity when the capacity of sodium-sulphur battery monomer is decayed QcLess than discharge capacity QdOr discharge capacity QdLess than charging capacity QcThe phenomenon that, or charging capacity Q sometimescLess than electric discharge Capacity Qd, discharge capacity Q sometimesdLess than charging capacity QcThe phenomenon that, above-mentioned three kinds of phenomenons are corresponding to be known as charging capacity decaying, puts Capacitance fall-off and capacity attenuation, being embodied on coulombic efficiency η with regard to correspondence is that coulombic efficiency η is greater than 100% or coulombic efficiency η is less than 100% or coulombic efficiency η big ups and downs occurs and is sometimes more than 100% sometimes again less than 100%.In conclusion logical The coulombic efficiency η variation crossed in monitoring charge and discharge cycles can judge the capacity attenuation of sodium sulphur energy storage device.
The specific method is as follows, includes the following steps:
First discharge step: running sodium sulphur energy storage device is switched into off-network state, with nominal discharge current to institute It states sodium sulphur energy storage device and carries out constant-current discharge, and be discharged to discharge cut-off voltage, shelve 1~for 24 hours, keep sodium sulphur energy storage device steady It is fixed.
Charge step: carrying out constant-current charge to the sodium sulphur energy storage device with specified charging current, and charges to charging and cut Only voltage measures charging capacity Qc, it shelves a period of time, such as 1~for 24 hours, so that sodium sulphur energy storage device is stablized.In sodium sulphur energy storage The voltage of equipment reaches charging after voltage, measures charging capacity QcBefore, can also continue constant pressure to sodium sulphur energy storage device to fill Electric a period of time, so that charging capacity QcIt is substantial access to the rated capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device.Constant-voltage charge is to the electricity that charges Stream is that 10% or by specification of specified charging current carry out constant-voltage charge.
Second discharge step: constant-current discharge is carried out to the sodium sulphur energy storage device with nominal discharge current, and is discharged to Electric blanking voltage measures discharge capacity Qd
Coulombic efficiency calculates step: coulombic efficiency η calculation formula are as follows:
Decaying judgment step: when the coulombic efficiency η of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is more than or equal to 101% or is less than or equal to 99%, judge that the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is decayed, indicates the sodium sulphur energy storage device although also can be used, use Family must be noted that the decaying that the capacity of sodium sulphur energy storage device occurs.
If the coulombic efficiency η of the sodium sulphur energy storage device is more than or equal to 105% or less than or equal to 95%, the sodium sulphur is judged There is improper decaying in the capacity of energy storage device, and the sodium sulphur energy storage device must be scrapped or be updated.It include: sodium-sulphur battery Monomer is scrapped, and sodium-sulphur battery group or sodium-sulfur battery module are integrally scrapped or carried out more to sodium-sulphur battery monomer in part therein Newly.Part sodium-sulphur battery group or sodium-sulfur battery module in sodium-sulphur battery power station are updated.
Coulombic efficiency comparison step can be the fixed time interval between one week to 1 year at regular intervals, than Such as 3 months, perhaps carried out when certain charge and discharge cycles number perhaps each scheduled maintenance or in needs any When, the coulombic efficiency η of sodium sulphur energy storage device will be detected, and sodium sulphur energy storage detected by n-th is set Standby coulombic efficiency ηn, the coulombic efficiency η of the sodium sulphur energy storage device measured with (n-1)th timen-1It is compared, if passing through ratio Relatively obtain | ηnn-1| >=1%, judge that improper decaying, the sodium sulphur energy storage device occurs in the capacity of the sodium sulphur energy storage device It must be scrapped or be updated.Such as the coulombic efficiency η of the sodium sulphur energy storage device that n-th measuresnIt is 99.45%, (n-1)th The coulombic efficiency η of the secondary sodium sulphur energy storage device measuredn-1It is 100.55%, although the sodium sulphur energy storage detected twice The coulombic efficiency of equipment between 99%~101%, but because | ηnn-1| >=1%, then still judge the sodium sulphur storage There is improper decaying in energy equipment.
If carry out the detection of any coulombic efficiency η to the sodium sulphur energy storage device, if the sodium sulphur energy storage device Coulombic efficiency η be more than or equal to 101% or be less than or equal to 99%, then shorten this time and next time to the sodium sulphur energy storage device progress Interval time between coulombic efficiency η detection.
Embodiment 1:
A certain model sodium-sulphur battery monomer parameter is as follows: sodium-sulphur battery monomer capacity 350Ah, discharge cut-off voltage 1.75V, Charge cutoff voltage 2.5V, nominal discharge current 50A, specified charging current 25A.
Wherein a section sodium-sulphur battery monomer carries out the charge and discharge cycles test under working condition, it is specified that carrying out at quarterly intervals Coulombic efficiency η detection.
The initial charging capacity Q of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomercFor 355Ah, initial discharge capacity QdFor 355.1Ah, because This initial coulombic efficiency
When the 3rd month coulombic efficiency to the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer detect for the first time, the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer Charging capacity QcFor 354.9Ah, discharge capacity QdFor 355.1Ah, therefore the coulomb effect of the sodium-sulphur battery monomer measured for the first time Rate are as follows:
When the 6th month coulombic efficiency to the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer carries out second of detection, the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer Charging capacity QcFor 354.3Ah, discharge capacity QdFor 354.9Ah, therefore the coulomb effect of the sodium-sulphur battery monomer measured for the second time Rate are as follows:
The coulombic efficiency η of 9th month sodium-sulphur battery monomer measured when third time detects3It is 100.1%.12nd month The coulombic efficiency η of measured sodium-sulphur battery monomer when the 4th detection4It is 100.07%.15th month the 5th time detection when institute The coulombic efficiency η of the sodium-sulphur battery monomer measured5It is 100.11%.
When carrying out the 6th detection to the coulombic efficiency of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer within 18th month, the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer Charging capacity QcFor 348Ah, discharge capacity QdFor 352.9Ah, therefore the coulombic efficiency of the 6th sodium-sulphur battery monomer measured Are as follows:
Show that the capacity of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer is decayed, battery management system needs to remind user's section sodium at this time There is decaying in the capacity of sulphur battery cell, needs especially to pay close attention to.Therefore a coulombic efficiency detection is carried out every other week.
When carrying out the 7th detection to the coulombic efficiency of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer when testing 18th month another week, the section The charging capacity Q of sodium-sulphur battery monomercFor 332Ah, discharge capacity QdFor 315.3Ah, therefore the 7th sodium-sulphur battery measured The coulombic efficiency of monomer are as follows:
Show that improper decaying occurs in the capacity of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer, battery management system needs to remind user at this time There is improper decaying in the capacity of the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer, needs to carry out the section sodium-sulphur battery monomer in conditions permit Pressure is scrapped.
A kind of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity attenuation judgment method of the invention, takes full advantage of the characteristic of sodium-sulphur battery, i.e., The charge and discharge cycles coulombic efficiency of normal sodium-sulphur battery is generally 100%, or the range of very little fluctuates near 100%, leads to The variation of the coulombic efficiency of monitoring charge and discharge cycles is crossed to judge the decaying of sodium sulphur energy storage device capacity, there is high sensitivity, can Feasibility is good, simple operation and other advantages.
Those of ordinary skill in the art it should be appreciated that more than embodiment be intended merely to illustrate the present invention, And be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as the change in spirit of the invention, to embodiment described above Change, modification will all be fallen within the scope of claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,包括下列步骤:1. A method for judging capacity attenuation of sodium-sulfur energy storage equipment, comprising the following steps: 第一放电步骤:以额定放电电流对运行中的钠硫储能设备进行恒流放电,并放电至放电截止电压,搁置1~24h;The first discharge step: carry out constant current discharge to the running sodium-sulfur energy storage device at the rated discharge current, discharge to the discharge cut-off voltage, and leave it for 1-24 hours; 充电步骤:以额定充电电流对所述钠硫储能设备进行恒流充电,并充电至充电截止电压,计量充电容量Qc,搁置1~24h;Charging step: charge the sodium-sulfur energy storage device with a constant current at the rated charging current, and charge it to the charging cut-off voltage, measure the charging capacity Q c , and leave it for 1 to 24 hours; 第二放电步骤:以额定放电电流对所述钠硫储能设备进行恒流放电,并放电至放电截止电压,计量放电容量QdThe second discharging step: carry out constant current discharge to the sodium-sulfur energy storage device with the rated discharge current, and discharge to the discharge cut-off voltage, and measure the discharge capacity Qd ; 库伦效率计算步骤:库伦效率η计算公式为: Coulomb efficiency calculation steps: The calculation formula of Coulomb efficiency η is: 衰减判断步骤:当所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率大于等于101%或小于等于99%,判断所述钠硫储能设备的容量出现衰减。Attenuation judgment step: when the coulombic efficiency of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is greater than or equal to 101% or less than or equal to 99%, it is judged that the capacity of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is attenuated. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,其特征在于:所述充电步骤中,在所述钠硫储能设备的电压达到充电截止电压后,继续恒压充电,直至充电电流减小至额定充电电流的10%。2. The method for judging the capacity decay of a sodium-sulfur energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein in the charging step, after the voltage of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device reaches the charging cut-off voltage, a constant voltage is continued. Charge until the charge current is reduced to 10% of the rated charge current. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,其特征在于:衰减判断步骤中,若出现所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率大于等于105%或小于等于95%,判断所述钠硫储能设备的容量出现非正常衰减,所述钠硫储能设备必须进行报废或更新。3. The method for judging the capacity decay of a sodium-sulfur energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein in the step of judging the decay, if the coulomb efficiency of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is greater than or equal to 105% or less than or equal to 95% %, it is judged that the capacity of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is abnormally attenuated, and the sodium-sulfur energy storage device must be scrapped or renewed. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,其特征在于:衰减判断步骤后还有库伦效率比较步骤,即将第n次测得的所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率ηn,与第n-1次测得的所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率ηn-1进行比较,若通过比较得到|ηnn-1|≥1%,则判断所述钠硫储能设备的容量出现非正常衰减,所述钠硫储能设备必须进行报废或更新。4. a kind of sodium-sulfur energy storage equipment capacity attenuation judgment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after the attenuation judgment step, there is a coulomb efficiency comparison step, about the sodium-sulfur energy storage equipment measured for the nth time The coulombic efficiency η n , which is compared with the coulombic efficiency η n-1 of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device measured at the n- 1th time, if |η nn-1 |≥1% is obtained by comparison, then It is judged that the capacity of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is abnormally attenuated, and the sodium-sulfur energy storage device must be scrapped or renewed. 5.据权利要求4所述的一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,其特征在于:任意相邻两次检测所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率之间的时间间隔为一周至一年。5. The method for judging the capacity decay of a sodium-sulfur energy storage device according to claim 4, wherein the time interval between any two adjacent detections of the coulombic efficiency of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is one week to one week. year. 6.根据权利要求4所述的一种钠硫储能设备容量衰减判断方法,其特征在于:在对所述钠硫储能设备进行任意一次库伦效率的检测时,若所述钠硫储能设备的库伦效率大于等于101%或小于等于99%,则缩短该次与下次对所述钠硫储能设备进行库伦效率检测之间的间隔时间。6. The method for judging the capacity attenuation of a sodium-sulfur energy storage device according to claim 4, wherein: when the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is subjected to any Coulomb efficiency detection, if the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is detected If the coulombic efficiency of the device is greater than or equal to 101% or less than or equal to 99%, the interval between the current and the next time the coulombic efficiency detection of the sodium-sulfur energy storage device is performed is shortened.
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