CN106782681B - Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly - Google Patents
Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106782681B CN106782681B CN201611209308.2A CN201611209308A CN106782681B CN 106782681 B CN106782681 B CN 106782681B CN 201611209308 A CN201611209308 A CN 201611209308A CN 106782681 B CN106782681 B CN 106782681B
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- involucrum
- pellet
- middle level
- fuel rod
- cold type
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three cold type fuel rod and fuel assemblies, three cold type fuel rod includes barred body, and the barred body includes inner envelope, the middle level involucrum being sequentially sleeved at outside the inner envelope and outer layer involucrum, the first pellet being arranged inside the inner envelope and the second pellet being arranged between the middle level involucrum and outer layer involucrum；Annular space between the middle level involucrum and the inner envelope formed for coolant by internal cooling channel.The present invention compared to the prior art in solid pellet, the setting and its setting of interior pellet of multilayer cladding can be such that pellet radial thickness substantially reduces, to be substantially reduced from screen effect, and then reduce fissile material residual quantity under the premise of identical reactor core uranium loading amount；Pellet radial thickness substantially reduces, and the radial thermal expansion amount of pellet can also reduce therewith, to reduce the PCMI load under reactor particular incident operating mode, and then reduces the probability that PCMI failures occur for fuel rod.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fuel of a kind of nuclear fuel rod more particularly to a kind of three cold type fuel rod and the use nuclear fuel rod
Component.
Background technology
The reactor core of pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant is made of multiple fuel assemblies, and in existing fuel assembly, the pellet of fuel rod is more
For solid design.For solid pellet, after thermal neutron enters fuel rod, is absorbed, make by the fissioner of pellet outer layer first
It is lower than outer layer at the Thermal neutron flux density inside pellet, cause the fissioner of pellet internal layer that cannot substantially effectively inhale
Receive thermal neutron.That is, outer layer fissioner has played shielding action to inner layer fissioner, it, should be from screen as from screen effect
Effect can cause pellet in radial more past inside, and remaining fissile material is more, be easy to cause the waste of fission resource, reduce
The economy of reactor core.
If the accidents such as similar RIA (reactivity insertion accident) occur for nuclear reactor, solid pellet is because with larger
Radial thickness, will produce larger pellet radial thermal expansion amount, to make fuel rod be easier occur PCMI (pellet and involucrum
Mechanical interaction) failure.In addition, larger pellet radius can cause pellet central temperature excessively high, it is easy to happen pellet fusing.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of reduction pellet radial thickness, improves nuclear reactor safety
With the three cold type fuel rod of economy and using the nuclear fuel rod fuel assembly.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of three cold type fuel rod, including barred body are provided,
The barred body includes inner envelope, is sequentially sleeved at outside the inner envelope middle level involucrum and outer layer involucrum are arranged described
The first pellet inside inner envelope and the second pellet being arranged between the middle level involucrum and outer layer involucrum；The middle level
Annular space between involucrum and the inner envelope formed for coolant by internal cooling channel.
Preferably, first pellet is cylinder pellet；Second pellet is Annular pellet.
Preferably, the barred body further includes outside wall surface and/or the middle level involucrum inner wall being arranged in the inner envelope
Several ribs on face.
Preferably, several equal between-line spacings of the rib, and prolong along the axial direction of the inner envelope and/or middle level involucrum
It stretches.
Preferably, several rib spiral windings overlay on the outside wall surface of the inner envelope and/or the middle level involucrum
On internal face.
Preferably, the barred body further includes the elastic support structure being arranged in the internal cooling channel.
Preferably, the elastic support structure is along the axially or radially extension of the internal cooling channel, opposite sides
The internal face of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum of the inner envelope is abutted respectively.
Preferably, the elastic support structure includes at least one support ring being arranged in the internal cooling channel,
The circumferential direction of the support ring is in wavy；Alternatively, the elastic support structure includes at least one along the internal cooling channel
Axially extending strip shape body, opposite sides face abuts the inner wall of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum of the inner envelope respectively
Face, in addition opposite sides face is equipped with the recess portion mutually to concave.
Preferably, the three cold type fuel rod further includes the first end plug being separately mounted on the barred body both ends and
Two end plugs.
The present invention also provides a kind of fuel assemblies, including the three cold type fuel rod described in any of the above item.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Solid pellet in compared to the prior art, the present invention in multilayer cladding setting and
The setting of its interior pellet can be such that pellet radial thickness substantially reduces under the premise of identical reactor core uranium loading amount, to be substantially reduced
From screen effect, and then reduce fissile material residual quantity；Pellet radial thickness substantially reduces, and the radial thermal expansion amount of pellet also can
Reduce therewith, to reduce the PCMI load under reactor particular incident operating mode, and then reduces fuel rod and PCMI failures occur
Probability.In addition, smaller pellet radial thickness can be such that the maximum temperature of pellet significantly reduces.
The fuel rod of the three cold type fuel rod of the present invention compared to the prior art has smaller reaction in the low burn consumption stage
Property, there is larger reactivity in the high burnup stage；In the case of identical uranium loading amount, this changes of reactivity feature can make
The length of the cycle of reactor is longer, is also easier to control the initial reactivity of reactor.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the three cold type fuel rod of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 be first embodiment of the invention three cold type fuel rod in inner envelope rib structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 be second embodiment of the invention three cold type fuel rod between inner envelope and middle level involucrum (radial direction) portion
Separation structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 be third embodiment of the invention three cold type fuel rod in structural representation between inner envelope and middle level involucrum
Figure；
Fig. 5 is infinite multiplication of the three cold type fuel rod of the present invention with the prior art fuel rod under the premise of uranium loading amount is equal
Coefficient with burnup burnup variation tendency schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the fuel assembly of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, now control attached drawing is described in detail
The specific implementation mode of the present invention.
The three cold type fuel rod of first embodiment of the invention is used for fuel assembly for nuclear reactor.The three cold type fuel rod packet
Include barred body.
As shown in Figure 1, barred body includes inner envelope 1, the middle level involucrum 2 that is sequentially sleeved at outside inner envelope 1 and outer layer packet
Shell 3；Further include the first pellet 4 being arranged inside inner envelope 1 and setting in middle level between involucrum 2 and outer layer involucrum 3
Second pellet 5.Middle level involucrum 2 is spaced inner envelope 1, annular space between the two formed for coolant by inside cool down
Channel 6.The circulation of the coolants such as water in internal cooling channel 6, while inner envelope 1 and middle level involucrum 2 are cooled down；Outer layer
Involucrum 3 is then cooled down by the coolant of outside circulation.
Wherein, inner envelope 1, middle level involucrum 2 and outer layer involucrum 3 are internal diameter increased tubular structure one by one.Also, internal layer
It is respectively kept with annular space between involucrum 1 and middle level involucrum 2, between middle level involucrum 2 and outer layer involucrum 3.
First pellet 4 is arranged in the inside of inner envelope 1, is solid cylinder pellet (such as cylinder).Second pellet 5 is
Annular pellet, setting is in middle level in the annular space between involucrum 2 and outer layer involucrum 3.Between inner envelope 1 and middle level involucrum 2
Annular space do not set pellet, form internal cooling channel 6.Relative to the first solid pellet 4, the second pellet 5 is hollow
Pellet；There are inner envelope 1, middle level involucrum and internal cooling channel 6 to separate between the two.
The setting of multilayer cladding, internal cooling channel 6, the first pellet 4 and the second pellet 5, with entirety in the prior art
Solid pellet is compared, and under the premise of identical reactor core uranium loading amount, pellet radial thickness can be made substantially to reduce, to be substantially reduced certainly
Shield effect, and then reduce fissile material residual quantity, more fully utilizes core fissile material in the block, improve reactor
Economy.In addition, pellet radial thickness substantially reduces, the radial thermal expansion amount of pellet can also reduce therewith, to reduce reaction
PCMI load under heap particular incident operating mode, and then reduce the probability that PCMI failures occur for fuel rod.In addition, smaller pellet is radial
Thickness can be such that the maximum temperature of pellet significantly reduces.
In addition, compared with unitary solid pellet in the prior art, it is of the invention under the premise of identical reactor core uranium loading amount
Three cold type fuel rod has larger fuel rod outer diameter, in conjunction with three layers of involucrum so that the moment of inertia of fuel rod is also larger, does not allow more
Easily there is a phenomenon where fuel rods to be bent.
In the barred body of three cold type fuel rod, the radial thickness between inner envelope 1, middle level involucrum 2 and outer layer involucrum 3 can be
It unanimously, also can be inconsistent.For the inconsistent selection of radial thickness, outer layer involucrum 3, middle level involucrum 2 and inner envelope 1 radial direction
Thickness preferably successively decreases successively.
Further, to prevent from causing inner envelope 1 and middle level to wrap due to the different bending of outskirt in three cold type fuel rod
Shell 2 contact, and then influence interior coolant passage 6 heat transfer, barred body further include be arranged inner envelope 1 outside wall surface and/or
Several ribs 7 on 2 internal face of middle level involucrum.
Several ribs 7 protrude above setting in the outside wall surface and/or 2 internal face of middle level involucrum of inner envelope 1, are preventing internal layer
Involucrum 1 does not influence circulation of the coolant in interior coolant passage 6 while contact with middle level involucrum 2.
Preferably, equal between-line spacing between several ribs 7, and along the axially extending of inner envelope 1 and/or middle level involucrum 2.
Rib 7 can be integrally formed in inner envelope 1 and/or middle level involucrum 2, also can be fixed on inner envelope 1 by modes such as welding
And/or on middle level involucrum 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, 7 spiral winding of several ribs overlays on the outside wall surface and/or middle level packet of inner envelope 1
On the internal face of shell 2.The spiral winding of rib 7, which covers mode, can also enhance the coolant effect of mixing in internal cooling channel 6, to
Enhance heat transfer effect.
It is to be appreciated that the extending direction of rib 7 can also parallel innerlayers involucrum 1 and/or middle level involucrum 2 axial direction, or
Person be others around mode is covered, as long as not influencing circulation of the coolant in interior coolant passage 6.
Further, three cold type fuel rod further include the first end plug (not shown) being separately mounted on barred body both ends and
Second end plug (not shown) and air cavity spring etc., gentle chamber spring of the first end plug, the second end plug etc. can refer to the prior art
In end plug and air cavity spring, wherein the first end plug and the second end plug correspond to the end set of barred body.
As shown in figure 3, the three cold type fuel rod of second embodiment of the invention, unlike above-mentioned first embodiment：Stick
Body can also include elastic support structure, and elastic support structure replaces rib 7, is arranged in internal cooling channel 6, prevent interior
While layer involucrum 1 and middle level involucrum 2 contact, can also bear inner envelope 1 and middle level involucrum 2 because thermal expansion, irradiation growth,
Irradiation creep etc. makes 6 gap of interior coolant passage change and the mechanical compatibility problem that generates.
Elastic support structure may be used the metal materials such as zircaloy or inconel and be made.
Elastic support structure can abut internal layer respectively along the axially or radially extension of internal cooling channel 6, opposite sides
The internal face of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum 2 of involucrum 1, to be supported between inner envelope 1 and middle level involucrum 2.Also, elasticity branch
Support structure is not filled with entire internal cooling channel 6 in internal cooling channel 6, to ensure coolant in internal cooling channel 6
Circulation.
In the present embodiment, elastic support structure includes at least one support ring 8 being arranged in internal cooling channel 6, branch
The circumferential direction of pushing out ring 8 in wavy, to wave crest and trough can abut respectively inner envelope 1 outside wall surface and middle level involucrum 2 it is interior
Wall surface.The wavy setting of support ring 8 makes support ring 8 not to be full of the sagittal plane where it, and coolant can be along support
8 surface of ring by by circulate in internal cooling channel 6.
When elastic support structure includes multiple support rings 8, multiple support rings 8 can be along the axially spaced-apart of internal cooling channel 6
Distribution.
In other embodiments, the length of support ring 8 also can be along the branch of the axially extending formation annular of internal cooling channel 6
Stay tube, coolant can along support tube surface by by circulate in internal cooling channel 6.
As shown in figure 4, the three cold type fuel rod of third embodiment of the invention, unlike above-mentioned second embodiment：Bullet
Property support construction includes at least one strip shape body 9, and strip shape body 9 is axially extending along internal cooling channel 6.The periphery of strip shape body 9
Shape does not limit, as long as may be supported between inner envelope 1 and middle level involucrum 2 and do not block the circulation of coolant.
In the present embodiment, the periphery of strip shape body 9 is polygon, along radially extending for internal cooling channel 6, wherein opposite two
Side abuts the internal face of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum 2 of inner envelope 1 respectively, and in addition opposite sides face is equipped with and mutually concaves
Recess portion 91.The setting of recess portion 91 can reduce elastic support structure the space occupied in internal cooling channel 6, it is ensured that coolant
Flow in internal cooling channel 6 and circulation.
When elastic support structure includes multiple strip shape bodies 9, multiple strip shape bodies 9 can be along the circumferentially-spaced of internal cooling channel 6
Distribution.
In addition, in the three cold type fuel rod of the present invention, the material of the first pellet 4 and the second pellet 5 can be by prior art reality
It is existing.Alternatively, the basis material of the first pellet 4 and the second pellet 5 can select the additive pellet with high heat conductance, such as
Uranium dioxide adds BeO, uranium dioxide addition SiC, uranium dioxide addition Nano diamond, FCM pellets or metal mold pellet
Etc., to further decrease pellet maximum temperature.
It is the three cold type fuel rod of the present invention and the fuel rod of the prior art under the premise of uranium loading amount is equal with reference to 5 figures
Infinite multiplication factor (kinf) with burnup burnup (effective full power days, EFPD) variation tendency schematic diagram.It is unlimited to increase
Grow coefficient (kinf) be defined as in Infinite medium newborn generation neutron population and generate it directly under the ratio between previous generation neutron populations.Its
In, horizontal axis is effective full power days, and the longitudinal axis is infinite multiplication factor；Origin is prior art fuel rod, and side's point is the present invention
Three cold type fuel rod.
From figure 5 it can be seen that consuming the stage in low burn, three cold type fuel rod has relatively small reactivity；In Gao Ran
Consumption stage, three cold type fuel rod have relatively large reactivity；Relatively flat changes of reactivity feature can make in identical uranium
In the case of loading amount, the fuel rod of the present invention compared with prior art can make the length of the cycle of reactor longer, at the same be easier pair
The initial reactivity of reactor core is controlled.
As shown in fig. 6, the fuel assembly of the present invention, including several fuel rod groups, on each fuel rod group involucrum is several
The three cold type fuel rod stated.Fuel assembly further include the upper tube socket 10 being oppositely arranged and bottom nozzle 20, several grid spacers 30 with
And several guide pipes 40.Several grid spacers 30 are arranged at axially spaced intervals in along fuel assembly between upper tube socket 10 and bottom nozzle 20,
For guide pipe 40 across grid spacer 30 and mounted on upper tube socket 10 and bottom nozzle 20, three cold type fuel rod is held on positioning lattice
Among the lattice cell of frame 30.
Grid spacer 30 can be used with the screen work for mixing function so that coolant more flows to inside grid spacer 30
Participation is mixed, and to mix performance with better coolant, improves thermal technology's safe operation allowance of reactor.
The support leg that bottom nozzle 20 may include matching disc and be connected to below matching disc, matching disc, which is equipped with, is used for fixed guide
The mounting hole of pipe and for coolant by runner.Upper tube socket 10 may also comprise matching disc, and matching disc, which is equipped with, is used for fixed guide
The mounting hole of pipe and for coolant by runner.
Example the above is only the implementation of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of three cold type fuel rod, which is characterized in that including barred body, the barred body includes inner envelope, is sequentially sleeved at institute
It states middle level involucrum and outer layer involucrum outside inner envelope, the first pellet being arranged inside the inner envelope and is arranged in institute
State the second pellet between middle level involucrum and outer layer involucrum；Annular space shape between the middle level involucrum and the inner envelope
At for coolant by internal cooling channel；
The barred body further includes the several ribs being arranged in the outside wall surface of the inner envelope and/or the middle level involucrum internal face
Item；And/or the barred body further includes the elastic support structure being arranged in the internal cooling channel.
2. three cold type fuel rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first pellet is cylinder pellet；It is described
Second pellet is Annular pellet.
3. three cold type fuel rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that several equal between-line spacings of rib, and edge
The inner envelope and/or middle level involucrum it is axially extending.
4. three cold type fuel rod according to claim 3, which is characterized in that several rib spiral windings overlay in described
In the outside wall surface of layer involucrum and/or the internal face of the middle level involucrum.
5. three cold type fuel rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elastic support structure is cold along the inside
But the axially or radially extension in channel, opposite sides abut the inner wall of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum of the inner envelope respectively
Face.
6. three cold type fuel rod according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the elastic support structure includes at least one
Support ring in the internal cooling channel is set, and the circumferential direction of the support ring is in wavy；Alternatively, the resilient support knot
Structure includes at least one axially extending strip shape body along the internal cooling channel, and opposite sides face is abutted respectively in described
The internal face of the outside wall surface and middle level involucrum of layer involucrum, in addition opposite sides face is equipped with the recess portion mutually to concave.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them three cold type fuel rods, which is characterized in that the three cold type fuel rod also wraps
It includes and is separately mounted to the first end plug on the barred body both ends and the second end plug.
8. a kind of fuel assembly, which is characterized in that including claim 1-7 any one of them three cold type fuel rods.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611209308.2A CN106782681B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611209308.2A CN106782681B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106782681A CN106782681A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106782681B true CN106782681B (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109036591B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2021-10-15 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Nuclear reactor core |
| CN109935350A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end |
| CN109935371A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of two-sided cooling annular fuel rod with wrapping wire |
| CN110827998B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-18 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Beryllium oxide moderated metal cooling reactor miniaturization design method and reactor |
| CN111968767B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-05-28 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Rib type temperature control irradiation device and application thereof |
| CN112669999B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-05-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Liquid-solid dual fuel space nuclear reactor power supply |
| CN113409963A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel rod and fuel assembly for overcoming pellet cladding mechanical interaction |
| CN115050488A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel pipe for improving thermal performance, fuel sleeve structure and fuel assembly |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206363763U (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-07-28 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2072928A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1981-10-07 | British Nuclear Fuels Ltd | Fuel pin |
| CN102354539A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-02-15 | 西安交通大学 | Annular fuel element and annular fuel supercritical water reactor |
| CN204614458U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of nuclear fuel rod and center cool the nested integral structure of heat pipe |
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2016
- 2016-12-23 CN CN201611209308.2A patent/CN106782681B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206363763U (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-07-28 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Three cold type fuel rod and fuel assembly |
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