CN106780379B - A kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering - Google Patents
A kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering, belongs to optical microscopy and metrological testing technology field.Solves the problem of enhancing cromogram using traditional enhancing technology, will cause cromogram cross-color.Image is directly transformed to the space HSI using Retinex algorithm by the present invention, so image can be transformed into the color space HIS from RGB color space, keep original chrominance components H (x, y) constant, change original luminance component I (x, and initial saturation component S (x, y) y).Then image is transformed into again by rgb space by inverse operation, a large amount of operation time can be saved in this way, due to not having to change original chrominance components H (x, y), the last tone of image should be remained unchanged, and not will cause cross-color.Present invention is mainly used for handle color image.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical microscopies and metrological testing technology field.
Background technique
At present to the process of image procossing be on the basis of the sample three-dimensional height information that Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope measures again
In addition one-dimensional colouring information constitutes the four-dimensional information figure that can directly react sample material and pattern, three-dimensional height information can be by altogether
The chromatographic data that focusing microscope measures is handled to obtain more accurately as a result, and the colouring information of each position of sample
It is then taken pictures acquisition by colored CCD, but shoots that obtain picture luminance, contrast etc. not high by colored CCD, and color is non-
It is often dim, thus cause color image can identification it is bad, directly colouring information is added in three-dimensional height information and shows effect
Fruit is very not fully up to expectations, therefore needs to handle color image before increasing colour information.
Algorithm of color image enhancement research is carried out mainly for low-light (level), low contrast color image at present.Tradition increases
Strong technology is mainly to grow up on the basis of grayscale image enhances algorithm, directly using traditional enhancing technology to cromogram
Carrying out enhancing will cause cross-color.
There are halation phenomenon and edge blurry phenomenon when traditional Retinex algorithm handles image, and existing SSR
Algorithm can not combine dynamic range compression and color constancy, and multi-Scale Retinex Algorithm (that is: MSR) is in comparison
The either fidelity of brightness or contrast or color is all promoted, but is still had at the obtained image border of the algorithm
A little fuzzy and colors still can some distortions.
Therefore, when handling it is urgent to provide a kind of pair of cromogram, the distortion of cromogram is not will cause.
Summary of the invention
When the present invention is to solve to enhance cromogram using traditional enhancing technology, cromogram color will cause
The problem of distortion, the present invention provides a kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing methods of metering.
A kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the collected RGB image of biomicroscope is transformed into HIS space, obtains three of image in HIS space
A component, respectively original chrominance components H (x, y), original luminance component I (x, y) and initial saturation component S (x, y)；Its
In, (x, y) indicates the coordinate of pixel；
Step 2: being handled original luminance component I (x, y) using Retinex algorithm, the brightness point that obtains that treated
Measure r (x, y), local contrast enhancing then carried out to treated luminance component r (x, y), obtain new luminance component I ' (x,
y)；The value of the Retinex algorithm mesoscale parameter c is 15,80 or 250；
Step 3: adaptive saturation compensation is carried out to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtains new bright saturation degree point
It measures S ' (x, y)；
Step 4: by new luminance component I ' (x, y), new bright saturation degree component S ' (x, y) and original chrominance components H
(x, y) transforms to rgb space from HIS space, the RGB image that obtains that treated, then RGB image carries out gray scale drawing to treated
It stretches, to complete to Color Image Processing.
The surround function expression formula of the Retinex algorithm is
Wherein, F (x, y) indicates Gaussian convolution kernel function, and k indicates that coefficient, e indicate natural Exponents.
In the step two, local contrast enhancing is carried out to treated luminance component r (x, y), is obtained new bright
Spend the detailed process of component I ' (x, y) are as follows:
Step 2 one obtains the local detail re (x, y) of luminance component using following formula one and two,
Re (x, y)=r (x, y)-ravg (x, y) (formula one),
Ravg (x, y)=F (x, y) * r (x, y) (formula two),
Step 2 two carries out gamma transformation to the local detail re (x, y) of the luminance component of acquisition, obtains rn (x, y),
In,
Rn (x, y)=sign (re (x, y)) | re (x, y) |r(formula three),
Rn (x, y) and r (x, y) is added, real number field is then switched to, to obtain new luminance component by step 2 three
I′(x,y)；
Wherein, rn (x, y) is that local detail re (x, y) carries out the local detail obtained after gamma transformation, ravg (x, y) table
Show a weighted mean, sign () sign function.
Described carries out adaptive saturation compensation to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtains new bright saturation degree component
The detailed process of S ' (x, y) is realized using formula four, wherein
S ' (x, y)=S (x, y)+(r (x, y)-I (x, y) ρ (x, y)) (formula four),
Described
ρ (x, y) indicates the related coefficient of luminance component and saturation degree component,
Coordinate is luminance component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in I (i, j) original luminance component, and (i, j) is indicated
The coordinate of pixel,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original brightness figure,
S (i, j) indicates that coordinate is saturation degree component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation figure,
δr(x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original luminance component,
δs(x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component.
Image is directly transformed to the space HSI using Retinex algorithm by the present invention, then can be by image from RGB color
Space is transformed into the color space HIS, keeps original chrominance components H (x, y) constant, changes original luminance component I (x, y) and original
Saturation degree component S (x, y).Then image is transformed into again by rgb space by inverse operation, when can save a large amount of operation in this way
Between, and due to not having to change original chrominance components H (x, y), the last tone of image should be remained unchanged, not will cause
Cross-color.
The invention has the beneficial effects that
1, using the method for the present invention, the enhancing of image under metering type microscope is realized by MATLAB program, compared to previous
Algorithm whether color fidelity or saturation degree all improve a lot, this to identify different materials material have emphatically
Big meaning.
2, using algorithm for image enhancement of the present invention, existing edge blurry after traditional algorithm process can be eliminated
And halation phenomenon, and have very big inhibiting effect to the whiting of color CCD image acquired image.
3, the present invention is set out based on metering imaging direction, proposes a kind of microscopical color image enhancement side of metering
Method, compared with traditional algorithm, the present invention only realizes algorithm for image enhancement and combines this with the device of actual engineering field
Thought also compensates for traditional algorithm process result and is unsatisfactory for requirement of engineering and handles the various restricted problems of image.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: a kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering, the party described in present embodiment
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the collected RGB image of biomicroscope is transformed into HIS space, obtains three of image in HIS space
A component, respectively original chrominance components H (x, y), original luminance component I (x, y) and initial saturation component S (x, y)；Its
In, (x, y) indicates the coordinate of pixel；
Step 2: being handled original luminance component I (x, y) using Retinex algorithm, the brightness point that obtains that treated
Measure r (x, y), local contrast enhancing then carried out to treated luminance component r (x, y), obtain new luminance component I ' (x,
y)；The value of the Retinex algorithm mesoscale parameter c is 15,80 or 250；
Step 3: adaptive saturation compensation is carried out to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtains new bright saturation degree point
It measures S ' (x, y)；
Step 4: by new luminance component I ' (x, y), new bright saturation degree component S ' (x, y) and original chrominance components H
(x, y) transforms to rgb space from HIS space, the RGB image that obtains that treated, then RGB image carries out gray scale drawing to treated
It stretches, to complete to Color Image Processing.
In present embodiment, HIS color space meets cognition of the people to color, and luminance component and colouring information very much
It is unrelated thus by processing luminance component and saturation degree component color fidelity may be implemented.
And true reflected sample material is wanted the present invention claims color sample, a kind of low-luminance color image of the present invention is based on face
The enhancing that color is kept is theoretical --- Retinex is theoretical, by the algorithm of theory proposition have the function of preferable color keep and
Dynamic range compression function so that the theory in the field of image enhancement for requiring color constancy using very extensive, be current
One of colored enhancing theory of most study.
Specific embodiment 2: a kind of microscopical cromogram of metering described in present embodiment and specific embodiment one
The difference of image intensifying method is that the surround function expression formula of the Retinex algorithm is
Wherein, F (x, y) indicates Gaussian convolution kernel function, and k indicates that coefficient, e indicate natural Exponents.
Specific embodiment 3: a kind of microscopical coloured silk of metering described in present embodiment and specific embodiment one or two
The difference of color image enchancing method is, in the step two, to treated, luminance component r (x, y) carries out local contrast
Degree enhancing, obtains the detailed process of new luminance component I ' (x, y) are as follows:
Step 2 one obtains the local detail re (x, y) of luminance component using following formula one and two,
Re (x, y)=r (x, y)-ravg (x, y) (formula one),
Ravg (x, y)=F (x, y) * r (x, y) (formula two),
Step 2 two carries out gamma transformation to the local detail re (x, y) of the luminance component of acquisition, obtains rn (x, y),
In,
Rn (x, y)=sign (re (x, y)) | re (x, y) |r(formula three),
Rn (x, y) and r (x, y) is added, real number field is then switched to, to obtain new luminance component by step 2 three
I′(x,y)；
Wherein, rn (x, y) is that local detail re (x, y) carries out the local detail obtained after gamma transformation, ravg (x, y) table
Show a weighted mean, sign () sign function.
Specific embodiment 4: a kind of microscopical cromogram of metering described in present embodiment and specific embodiment one
The difference of image intensifying method is, described to carry out adaptive saturation compensation to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtains new
Bright saturation degree component S ' (x, y) detailed process, using formula four realize, wherein
S ' (x, y)=S (x, y)+(r (x, y)-I (x, y) ρ (x, y)) (formula four),
Described
ρ (x, y) indicates the related coefficient of luminance component and saturation degree component,
Coordinate is luminance component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in I (i, j) original luminance component, and (i, j) is indicated
The coordinate of pixel,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original brightness figure,
S (i, j) indicates that coordinate is saturation degree component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation figure,
δ r (x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original luminance component,
δ s (x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component.
A kind of detailed process for measuring microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned each reality
Detailed process documented by mode is applied, can also be the reasonable combination of technical characteristic documented by the respective embodiments described above.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the collected RGB image of biomicroscope is transformed into HIS space, obtains three points of image in HIS space
Amount, respectively original chrominance components H (x, y), original luminance component I (x, y) and initial saturation component S (x, y)；Wherein, (x,
Y) coordinate of pixel is indicated；
Step 2: being handled original luminance component I (x, y) using Retinex algorithm, the luminance component r that obtains that treated
(x, y), then to treated, luminance component r (x, y) carries out local contrast enhancing, obtains new luminance component I ' (x, y)；
The value of the Retinex algorithm mesoscale parameter c is 15,80 or 250；
Step 3: adaptive saturation compensation is carried out to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtains new bright saturation degree component S '
(x,y)；
Step 4: by new luminance component I ' (x, y), new bright saturation degree component S ' (x, y) and original chrominance components H (x, y)
Rgb space is transformed to from HIS space, the RGB image that obtains that treated, then RGB image carries out gray scale stretching to treated, from
And it completes to Color Image Processing；
It is characterized in that, described carry out adaptive saturation compensation to initial saturation component S (x, y), obtain new bright full
With the detailed process of degree component S ' (x, y), realized using formula four, wherein
S ' (x, y)=S (x, y)+(r (x, y)-I (x, y) ρ (x, y)) (formula four),
Described
ρ (x, y) indicates the related coefficient of luminance component and saturation degree component,
Coordinate is luminance component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in I (i, j) original luminance component, and (i, j) indicates pixel
The coordinate of point,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original brightness figure,
S (i, j) indicates that coordinate is saturation degree component of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component,
Indicate that coordinate is mean value of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation figure,
δr(x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in original luminance component,
δs(x, y) indicates that coordinate is variance of the pixel of (x, y) in neighborhood w in initial saturation component.
2. a kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The surround function expression formula of Retinex algorithm is
Wherein, F (x, y) indicates Gaussian convolution kernel function, and k indicates that coefficient, e indicate natural Exponents.
3. a kind of microscopical colour-image reinforcing method of metering according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
The step of two in, local contrast enhancing is carried out to treated luminance component r (x, y), obtains new luminance component I ' (x, y)
Detailed process are as follows:
Step 2 one obtains the local detail re (x, y) of luminance component using following formula one and two,
Re (x, y)=r (x, y)-ravg (x, y) (formula one),
Ravg (x, y)=F (x, y) * r (x, y) (formula two),
Step 2 two carries out gamma transformation to the local detail re (x, y) of the luminance component of acquisition, obtains rn (x, y), wherein
Rn (x, y)=sign (re (x, y)) | re (x, y) |r(formula three),
Rn (x, y) and r (x, y) are added, then switch to real number field by step 2 three, thus obtain new luminance component I ' (x,
y)；
Wherein, rn (x, y) is that local detail re (x, y) carries out the local detail obtained after gamma transformation, and ravg (x, y) indicates one
A weighted mean, sign () sign function, r indicate the coefficient of gamma transformation.
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| CN103996179A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-08-20 | 东南大学 | Fast real-time image enhancement method based on single-scale Retinex |
| CN105469373A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2016-04-06 | 南京理工大学 | Retinex image enhancing method and system |
| CN105654437A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-08 | 广东迅通科技股份有限公司 | Enhancement method for low-illumination image |
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