CN106776122A - A kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash - Google Patents
A kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106776122A CN106776122A CN201611048195.2A CN201611048195A CN106776122A CN 106776122 A CN106776122 A CN 106776122A CN 201611048195 A CN201611048195 A CN 201611048195A CN 106776122 A CN106776122 A CN 106776122A
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- Prior art keywords
- flash
- main
- bootloader
- value
- firmware
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1417—Boot up procedures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1433—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level during software upgrading
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1448—Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Stored Programmes (AREA)
Abstract
Performed the present invention relates to a kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash, in the loading procedure Bootloader of the embedded system based in Flash start-up courses the step of main-apparatus protection, including:System main partition, the back-up area of storage firmware program and/or data, and the original checksums value for setting the system firmware corresponding with the check value of firmware program and/or data are set in Flash chip；Bootloader reads the data in main partition, and the check value of the firmware program and/or data stored in system main partition is calculated by verification value-based algorithm；Bootloader compares the original checksums value of the system firmware read from Flash chip and the check value of the firmware program and/or data stored in system main partition is calculated by verification value-based algorithm, when both check values are consistent, the firmware program and/or data stored in Bootloader selection loading systems main partition, start from system main partition；When both check values are inconsistent, start from system back-up area；The present invention makes system avoid firmware from damaging and hang dead phenomenon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of startup method of embedded system, and in particular to one kind is based on main in Flash start-up courses
The method of standby protection, can automatically switch to preparation area and start, it is ensured that the stability of system in the case where Flash primary areas are damaged,
The present invention is applied to communication and computer realm.
Background technology
In embedded development, the firmware program of system is typically to be stored on nonvolatile storage, common memory
Have a NAND Flash, the basic characteristics of Nor Flash and QSPI Flash, Flash be exactly as block storage device, can be quick
The a bulk of data of read-write, this feature makes it suitable as the firmware storage equipment of system.It can accomplish quickly renewal
System (writes firmware to Flash), reduces the online upgrading time of system；Can accomplish that fast powering-up starts simultaneously and (read Flash
Middle firmware content), electrifying startup speed is improved, reduce system cold start-up or reset startup time, so as to reduce system industry
It is engaged in the time interrupted.NAND, Nor and QSPI Flash, their technique, amount of capacity respectively have feature, can apply different
Occasion, wherein QSPI Flash access speeds are fast, and Nor Flash reliabilities are high, but capacity is small, high cost, NAND Flash
Then capacity is big, moderate cost.
It is exactly the high reliability of system but either which kind of Flash, all suffers from same problem.Carried out in system
, it is necessary to first wipe the data deposited in Flash when firmware updating, then write firmware content to be upgraded.In this process
In, if power down or writing Flash and have failed, system can due in Flash firmware content damage, and can not normally start,
The business (such as photocontrol or any function control) of all operations is interrupted, the reliability of system has been had a strong impact on.
Said process, although power down or write Flash failure phenomenons probability it is not high, but once occur, then system is just
It is not normally functioning, this is fatal error for communication system.
It is badly in need of a kind of method that main-apparatus protection can be provided in Flash start-up courses in the prior art to improve system
Reliability, reduction system cause because of Flash data mistake system start failure phenomenon, improve the stability of system
And reliability.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes the defect that prior art is present, it is proposed that a kind of method of main-apparatus protection in Flash start-up courses,
For solving the insecure problem of system in the prior art, the stability of a system is improve.
The technical scheme is that：
The method of main-apparatus protection, the loading procedure of the embedded system in a kind of start-up course based on Flash
Performed in Bootloader based on the step of main-apparatus protection, the step includes in Flash start-up courses：In Flash chip
System main partition, the back-up area of storage firmware program and/or data are set, and are set and the firmware program and/or data
The corresponding system firmware of check value original checksums value；
The data in Bootloader read-out systems main partition, consolidating of storing in system main partition is calculated by verification value-based algorithm
The check value of part program and/or data；
Bootloader compares the original checksums value of the system firmware read from Flash chip and by verification value-based algorithm meter
The firmware program and/or the check value of data stored in calculation system main partition, when both check values are consistent,
The firmware program and/or data stored in Bootloader selection loading systems main partition, start from system main partition；When both
Check value it is inconsistent, Bootloader selection from system back-up area start.
The Flash chip is provided with four subregions, the storage Bootloader executable files of subregion 1, and subregion 2 is as being
Unite main partition storage system firmware program, subregion 3 as system back-up area storage system firmware program, subregion 4 storage institute
State the original checksums value of the firmware program of system.
The original checksums value is, in the firmware program of the system of generation, to obtain and preserve by verifying value-based algorithm calculating.
The Bootloader carrys out start-up operation from selected system main partition or system back-up area loading firmware program
System, completion system starts.
The operating system is linux system.
Check value is CRC32 check values.
The advantage that the present invention possesses is：
The inventive method is used, if the Flash of system writes Flash failures because of escalation process power down, or upgrading, or
Person's other externalist methodologies such as emulator erases the reasons such as Flash primary areas content, result in Flash primary areas corrupted data, is
System can be verified by CRC32, and the data for automatically detecting Flash primary areas are changed or imperfect, so as to select from standby
Part area starts, and is not in that system hangs dead phenomenon because firmware is damaged.Judge Flash primary areas process provides automatic detection
Whether data are damaged, and automatically switch to back-up area Booting sequence, improve the reliability of communication system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is NAND Flash partition schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 is that system starts general introduction flow chart；
Fig. 3 is that system starts detail flowchart；
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail.
The method that the present invention proposes offer main-apparatus protection in a kind of Flash start-up courses, mainly in start
Increase following function in Bootloader programs：To the data integrity CRC32 verifications of Flash main partitions, verified according to CRC32
Result selects to start from primary area or preparation area.
Step 1.1：Use to NAND Flash carries out program and district, refers to Fig. 1, by NAND Flash according to function
4 regions are divided into, wherein, the storage Bootloader executable files of subregion 1, size is 1MB, correspond to Flash first address
0x0 addresses；The firmware program of the storage system of subregion 2, as the first-selected subregion (main partition) that system starts；The storage system of subregion 3
Backup firmware program (backup firmware program herein is consistent with the firmware program in main partition)；As the standby of system startup
Select subregion (back-up area)；Subregion 4 deposits the original CRC32 values of firmware.Aforementioned four subregion must be deposited in except subregion 1
Beyond Flash first address, other subregions can be arranged arbitrarily as needed, preferably according to subregion 1, subregion 2, subregion 4, subregion 3
Order be sequentially arranged.
Step 1.1.1：Calculate the CRC32 of firmware program initial data.In order to ensure the correct of data, would have to use
The means of error detection.In many error detection means, CRC is foremost one kind, and the full name of CRC is CRC.CRC32 refers to
Be the value that CRC is represented with 32 data.The generator polynomial of the CRC algorithm of standard：
By CRC32 formula, using original firmware program as input, to firmware program, each byte content is calculated, most
A unsigned integer value of 32bit is drawn eventually, and it is used as judging the standard whether content of firmware is changed.During startup
Wait, whether need to only compare CRC32 that Flash main partitions calculate consistent with the original CRC32 values deposited in subregion 4
Complete to judge.
Step 1.2：Upper electricity resets, and system starts from subregion 1, and Bootloader starts to perform, and Bootloader is first
Choosing judges whether Flash main partitions (subregion 2) data are complete, if main partition data check passes through, consolidating in loading main partition
Part program is performed to internal memory；If main partition data check fails, judge whether back-up area (subregion 3) data are complete, if
Back-up area data check passes through, selection from back-up area loading firmware program, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 1.2.1：Bootloader reads the data of Flash main partition A (subregion 2), and according to the public affairs of CRC32 computings
Formula, calculates CRC32 values, as shown in Fig. 3 steps 101.
Step 1.2.2：Bootloader reads the original CRC32 values of firmware in firmware CRC subregions (subregion 4), this value
It is when firmware program is generated, to be calculated by CRC32 algorithms, and preserves, is written into together with firmware program
To in Flash, as shown in Fig. 3 steps 102.
Step 1.2.3：Bootloader compares the original CRC32 values of firmware and is read according to Flash main partitions (subregion 2)
The CRC32 values that calculate of data, as shown in Fig. 3 steps 103.
Step 1.2.4：If both CRC32 values are consistent, illustrate that main partition data are normal, Bootloader selections add
The firmware program in main partition is carried, is started from main partition, as shown in Fig. 3 steps 104.
Step 1.2.5：If both CRC32 values are inconsistent, illustrate that main partition data are incomplete, Bootloader choosings
Select and skip main partition content, start from back-up area, as shown in figure step 105.Note, due to backup area, software will not change or
Person upgrades, so the situation that backup area is not in content to be changed, it is only used as system emergency backup and starts, so as to ensure that
Stability.
Step 1.3：Bootloader starts from the subregion start-up operation system (such as Linux) for selecting, completion system.
Although the present invention has been illustrated in detail in and has described the specific embodiment reference of correlation, the technology of this area
Personnel in without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the present invention it should be appreciated that can in the form and details make various changing
Become.These changes fall within the protection domain required by claim of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：The loading journey of the embedded system
Performed in sequence Bootloader based on the step of main-apparatus protection, the step includes in Flash start-up courses：In Flash chip
In set storage firmware program and/or data system main partition, back-up area, and set and the firmware program and/or number
According to the corresponding system firmware of check value original checksums value；
The data in Bootloader read-out systems main partition, the firmware journey stored in system main partition is calculated by verification value-based algorithm
The check value of sequence and/or data；
Bootloader compares the original checksums value of the system firmware read from Flash chip and is calculated by verification value-based algorithm
The firmware program and/or the check value of data stored in system main partition, when both check values are consistent, Bootloader choosings
The firmware program and/or data stored in loading system main partition are selected, is started from system main partition；When both check values differ
Cause, Bootloader selections start from system back-up area.
2. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash according to claim 1 main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：Institute
State Flash chip and be provided with four subregions, the storage Bootloader executable files of subregion 1, subregion 2 is deposited as system main partition
The firmware program of place system, as the firmware program of system back-up area storage system, subregion 4 deposits consolidating for the system to subregion 3
The original checksums value of part program.
3. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash according to claim 2 main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is, in the firmware program of the system of generation, to obtain and preserve by verifying value-based algorithm calculating to state original checksums value.
4. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash according to claim 1 main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：Institute
State Bootloader and carry out start-up operation system from selected system main partition or system back-up area loading firmware program, complete system
System starts.
5. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash according to claim 4 main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：Institute
Operating system is stated for linux system.
6. in a kind of start-up course based on Flash according to claim 1-5 main-apparatus protection method, it is characterised in that：
The check value is CRC32 check values.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611048195.2A CN106776122A (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash |
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| CN201611048195.2A CN106776122A (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash |
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| CN106776122A true CN106776122A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| CN201611048195.2A Pending CN106776122A (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of method of main-apparatus protection in start-up course based on Flash |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107315616A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-03 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of loading method of firmware, device and electronic equipment |
| CN108491289A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 北京顶象技术有限公司 | Firmware guard method and device |
| CN108958982A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳控道智能科技有限公司 | A kind of BIOS reinforcement means and system |
| CN109189405A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省科学院自动化研究所 | A kind of method and system of proving program Flash data consistency |
| CN110442482A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-12 | 苏州中科全象智能科技有限公司 | A kind of the mistake proofing framework and its control method of high-speed industrial camera firmware |
| CN111061514A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-04-24 | 翱捷智能科技(上海)有限公司 | Flash device, integrated circuit and Flash device starting method |
| CN111316235A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-06-19 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Method for starting system, electronic device and machine-readable storage medium |
| CN111324488A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-23 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Program backup processing method and device |
| CN111580844A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-25 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Software and hardware cooperative application program maintenance method supporting on-orbit dynamic update |
| CN112698985A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 厦门锐骐物联技术股份有限公司 | System starting method and system based on multi-partition technology firmware protection |
| CN113805967A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-17 | 远峰科技股份有限公司 | MPU (micro processing Unit) safe starting method and MPU safe starting system |
| CN113883691A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-04 | Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 | Air conditioner parameter reading method and device, air conditioner and storage medium |
| CN115113904A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Firmware upgrading processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116700061A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-09-05 | 广东为辰信息科技有限公司 | Quick starting method based on safe starting technology |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107315616A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-03 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of loading method of firmware, device and electronic equipment |
| CN107315616B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-08-21 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Firmware loading method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN108491289A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 北京顶象技术有限公司 | Firmware guard method and device |
| CN109189405A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省科学院自动化研究所 | A kind of method and system of proving program Flash data consistency |
| CN108958982A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳控道智能科技有限公司 | A kind of BIOS reinforcement means and system |
| CN111316235A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-06-19 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Method for starting system, electronic device and machine-readable storage medium |
| CN110442482A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-12 | 苏州中科全象智能科技有限公司 | A kind of the mistake proofing framework and its control method of high-speed industrial camera firmware |
| CN111061514A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-04-24 | 翱捷智能科技(上海)有限公司 | Flash device, integrated circuit and Flash device starting method |
| CN111324488A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-23 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Program backup processing method and device |
| CN111324488B (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2023-12-08 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Program backup processing method and device |
| CN111580844A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-25 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Software and hardware cooperative application program maintenance method supporting on-orbit dynamic update |
| CN111580844B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2024-02-02 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Software and hardware collaborative application program maintenance method supporting on-orbit dynamic update |
| CN112698985A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 厦门锐骐物联技术股份有限公司 | System starting method and system based on multi-partition technology firmware protection |
| CN113805967A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-17 | 远峰科技股份有限公司 | MPU (micro processing Unit) safe starting method and MPU safe starting system |
| CN113883691A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-04 | Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 | Air conditioner parameter reading method and device, air conditioner and storage medium |
| CN113883691B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-02-17 | Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 | Air conditioner parameter reading method and device, air conditioner and storage medium |
| CN115113904A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | 成都星联芯通科技有限公司 | Firmware upgrading processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116700061A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-09-05 | 广东为辰信息科技有限公司 | Quick starting method based on safe starting technology |
| CN116700061B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2024-05-03 | 广东为辰信息科技有限公司 | Quick starting method based on safe starting technology |
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