CN106775946B - A kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process - Google Patents

A kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106775946B
CN106775946B CN201611169660.8A CN201611169660A CN106775946B CN 106775946 B CN106775946 B CN 106775946B CN 201611169660 A CN201611169660 A CN 201611169660A CN 106775946 B CN106775946 B CN 106775946B
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virtual machine
configuration
underlying
creation process
state
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CN106775946A (en
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许广彬
郑军
张银滨
刘继江
仇大玉
常建忠
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Huayun data holding group Co., Ltd
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Wuxi Huayun Data Technology Service Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
    • G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
    • G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
    • G06F2009/45562Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
    • G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
    • G06F2009/45575Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Stored Programmes (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process, comprising the following steps: S1, configurations is constructed in the medium that can configure virtual machine, to configure at least one underlying virtual machine step by step;S2, acquisition simultaneously save state when underlying virtual machine is configured;S3, the request for traversing virtual machine creating load increment configuration as template using underlying virtual machine or unloading configure, until request is performed and finishes, and respond user.Through the invention, greatly improve creation virtual machine speed and and reduce starting time of virtual machine, avoid the computing cost to the medium (such as server) that can configure virtual machine;It also achieves simultaneously and starts and create virtual machine using less template as far as possible, further reduced computing cost.

Description

A kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of cloud computer technology, more particularly to one kind to be asked in cloud platform or data center based on user It asks or the creation virtual machine of backstage manager's sending is requested and the virtual machine Method of Creation Process of execution.
Background technique
Virtual machine (Virtual Machine, VM), which refers to, has complete hardware system function, operation by what software was simulated Complete computer in a completely isolated environment.In cloud platform create a virtual machine, be exactly by CPU quantity, Memory size, networking mode and other virtual hardware information preservations are got up, and are come when needing to open virtual machine using these parameters Operation really time-consuming is wound when starting, and can be realized and store in a short period of time to these information, and creating Build the virtual disk for having applicable operating system.
Before using virtual machine, need to create and configure in physical server.Detailed process includes: to prepare service Device, installation operating system, configuration operating system and the several steps of application deployment.Because the process being related to is relatively complicated, and creates The data file being related to during virtual machine is larger, and the entire time for creating process is longer.
Current common practice is that quickly creation is realized by mould plate technique.So-called template, which refers to, contains complete operation The virtual machine image that system (OS) and user specifically apply.A virtual machine, which is created, by template is divided into following step: Create magnetic disk of virtual machine;It is replicated in template to the magnetic disk of virtual machine built up from template library or template snapshot (cache);It generates empty The configuration information of quasi- machine;Start virtual machine.In the process, magnetic disk of virtual machine is on physical server with file or the side of equipment Formula exists.Therefore, creation magnetic disk of virtual machine is that a file or an equipment are created on physical server.Template is replicated to void Quasi- machine disk is in the data information write-in magnetic disk of virtual machine by template.Because template itself is the completely multiple of a virtual machine System, so the subregion guidance information that system starting needs is also contained in template mirror image, this allows for template data information is complete After writing magnetic disk of virtual machine entirely, virtual machine can normally start.But in such method, when creating virtual machine, since it is desired that It reads whole template data information and is written in corresponding magnetic disk of virtual machine.Because template data information is usually larger, usually In terms of gigabit (G), and data volume involved in read operation and write operation is template data size itself two are carried out simultaneously Times, this can undoubtedly spend longer time.In addition, this virtual machine creation method is also possible to will affect its in the physical server The normal operation for the virtual machine that he has created.
In view of this, it is necessary to the method for creating virtual machine in cloud platform in the prior art be improved, to solve The above problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to disclose a kind of method for quickly creating virtual machine in cloud platform, to overcome existing skill The defects of virtual machine existing during creating virtual machine starts overlong time in art, creation is inefficient, after reduction Platform computing cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process, comprising the following steps:
S1, configurations are constructed in the medium that can configure virtual machine, to configure at least one underlying virtual step by step Machine;
S2, acquisition simultaneously save state when underlying virtual machine is configured;
S3, the request for traversing virtual machine creating load increment configuration as template using underlying virtual machine or unloading configure, directly It is performed and finishes to request, and respond user.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the configurations are that CPU configuration, memory configurations, band width configuration, disk are matched It sets, real-time clock configuration or the configuration of one of peripheral configuration or two or more any combination.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the configurations further include operating system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, configuration forms two or more underlying virtuals in the step S1 Machine, the configurations that each underlying virtual machine is configured are in increment relation.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 further include: obtain multiple underlying virtual machines that configuration is formed Operation system state file, operating system log or disk file system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S2 further include: according to the history for the request to create that user sends Record establishes concordance list, and matches a virtual machine of the request to create for meeting user's transmission by concordance list and respond use Family.
It as a further improvement of the present invention, further include protecting after the configuration of underlying virtual machine finishes in the step S2 The step of depositing the operation system state file of underlying virtual machine and closing underlying virtual machine.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step S3 further include: according to the operation system state of underlying virtual machine State when file and underlying virtual machine are configured starts virtual machine.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the state when underlying virtual machine is configured includes: CPU state, memory State, bandwidth status, Disk State, real-time clock state or peripheral state.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the CPU configuration includes that single virtual cpu or symmetric multi-processors structure are virtual CPU group.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method also includes the virtual machine of the opposite user response setting upper limits to configure The step of, the upper limit configuration configures including maximum CPU configuration, memory configurations, band width configuration, monitor arrangement, disk, is real Shi Shizhong configuration or peripheral configuration.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the medium in the step S1 includes: physical machine, computer cluster service Device, computer node or distributed memory system.
As a further improvement of the present invention, multiple underlying virtual machines of formation are configured in step sl, and each basis is empty The minimalist configuration that being formed between quasi- machine can support user to request created virtual machine requires to configure as increment.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the operating system includes: Windows operating system, Linux operation system System, Unix operating system or Be operating system.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the invention, greatly improving the speed of creation virtual machine Degree, and the starting time of virtual machine is reduced, it avoids and the calculating for the medium (such as server) that can configure virtual machine is opened Pin;It also achieves simultaneously and starts and create virtual machine using less template as far as possible, further reduced computing cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to scheme the step of creating virtual machine in cloud platform in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow diagram of virtual machine Method of Creation Process of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of Fig. 3 step S1 to realize the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail for each embodiment shown in reference to the accompanying drawing, but it should be stated that, these Embodiment is not limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art according to these embodiments made by function, method, Or equivalent transformation or substitution in structure, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention within.
It please join shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is to scheme the step of creating virtual machine in cloud platform in the prior art.Creating a void It successively needs to create by cloud platform UI during quasi- machine, backstage (or providing the background server of interactive services) is receiving After the request for creating virtual machine to user, console is transferred to handle.Then, simultaneously by virtualization dispatch layer and the unified layer of virtualization Start various applications one by one using virtualization software, and returns to active to the unified layer of virtualization.The institute in above-mentioned implementation procedure The timing definition of consumption is T1.Then, virtualized environment is begun preparing from the background, deactivation bootstrap of going forward side by side, activation system, and Final starting service, so far virtual machine creating finishes.Consumed timing definition is T2 in above-mentioned implementation procedure.The then virtual machine The total time T=T1+T2 of creation.It can be seen that the step of creating virtual machine in existing calculating cumbersome, time is longer and backstage Computing cost is excessive.
It please join Fig. 2 to a kind of a kind of specific embodiment of virtual machine Method of Creation Process of the present invention illustrated in fig. 3.? In present embodiment, this method specifically includes following steps.
Step S1, configurations are constructed in the medium that can configure virtual machine, to configure at least one basis step by step Virtual machine.Configurations are CPU configuration, memory configurations, band width configuration, disk configuration, real-time clock configuration or peripheral configuration One of or two or more any combination configuration or operating system.The operating system can for Windows operating system, (SuSE) Linux OS, Unix operating system or Be operating system.In example out discussed below, selected operation system System is (SuSE) Linux OS, and those skilled in the art can be real according to respective operating system with reasonable prediction to other operating systems The virtual hardware environment (including processor, memory, I/O equipment) of border hardware and adaptability is selected.
The so-called medium that can configure virtual machine includes but is not limited to PC, server, computer cluster server, calculates section Point, virtual machine, distributed memory system or other electronic devices with logical operation function in the present embodiment should The medium that virtual machine can be configured selects server, and presenting a demonstration property explanation.
In the existing calculating of traditional creation virtual machine, from the background in the request for the creation virtual machine for receiving user's transmission Afterwards, various virtualization resources are being formed by by virtualization by virtualization technology (such as Hyper-V) by server, with shape Virtual machine temporarily is created to respond the request to create of user at resource pool, and according to the request that user sends.
However, in the present embodiment, it can be in advance in the medium (such as server) that can configure virtual machine, it both can be pre- First all resources (server based on certain specification, which is formed, supports the maximum resources of various applications) are encapsulated or matched in advance It is set to the child resource with individual feature.For example, the cpu resource in resource pool is encapsulated as 1,2,3 to 10, it will be interior Depositing Resource Encapsulation is the various resources that 1G, 2G, 3G are run to 10G, other support virtual machine health, and so on, and step by step Increment setting;Or 1 CPU and 1G memory are encapsulated as a configurations, another configuration will be saved as in 2 CPU and 2G Increased configurations, to form multiple configurations.Linearly increasing logical relation can be formed between each configurations, And integrated or combined during creating virtual machine in the later period, flexibly to be asked according to the virtual machine creating that user sends Creation is asked to meet the virtual machine of request, the request for the creation virtual machine for preventing backstage from being sent according to user is temporarily taken out from resource pool Take CPU, memory etc. configure and when creating virtual machine to causing congestion from the background or cannot respond to request the problem of, in reduction system Computing cost after line, thus to causing additional computing cost from the background when reducing interim creation virtual machine;Meanwhile it can also drop The expense of load balancer in low clouds platform.
Certainly, can also as Fig. 3 the medium for configuring virtual machine is encapsulated in advance or is configured step by step underlying virtual machine 101, underlying virtual machine 102 (remaining summary) ... underlying virtual machine 10n, to constitute n underlying virtual machine.N underlying virtual machine it Between configuration form increment relation.For example, the CPU of underlying virtual machine 101 is configured to 1, memory configurations are 1G (remaining summary), basis The CPU of virtual machine 102 is configured to 2, and memory configurations are 2G (remaining summary).Wherein, every configuration of underlying virtual machine 101 is set as Minimalist configuration corresponding to the request of virtual machine is created to respond user.
In addition, all underlying virtual machines of cloud platform, which may be selected, creates shared equipment collection (being equivalent to above-mentioned underlying virtual machine), with Underlying virtual machine 101 is the underlying virtual machine minimized and drawing template establishment or configuration template as other underlying virtual machines. The shared equipment collection is understood to the configuration comprising CPU and memory described above after encapsulation.These shared equipment collection The creation of virtual machine is supported for the later period.
Next we briefly explain so that virtualization software selects qemu as an example in the detailed process work for creating shared equipment collection It states.
Above-mentioned shared equipment collection includes: monitor (monitor), serial ports, CPU, memory, real-time clock (rtc) and right Claim multiprocessing structure virtual cpu group (SMP) etc., and can be arranged according to cloud platform and make adaptability selection.Specifically, it is total to create this Have the main code of equipment collection as follows:
-cpu qemu64
- chardev socket, id=charmonitor, path=./qemu.monitor, server, nowait
- mon chardev=charmonitor, id=monitor, mode=control
- rtc base=utc, driftfix=slew
-machine pc
- m 1G, slots=3, maxmem=4G
- smp 1, maxcpus=64, sockets=64, cores=1, threads=1
Wherein, smp reflects the CPU number in underlying virtual machine, and specified maxcpus is intended that be started in underlying virtual machine (2,4,8 or more CPU select) is dynamically configured according to client afterwards and increases CPU number, is up to 64 CPU.- m reflects the Installed System Memory for running the underlying virtual machine, and maxmem is to run the underlying virtual machine to can configure most Big memory size.Then it according to the already installed system disk startup underlying virtual machine of selection, and is customized as subsequent creation Change the drawing template establishment of virtual machine.
In the present embodiment, the creation virtual machine sent in order to avoid user please seek to achieve breakthrough that this can configure virtual machine Medium be formed by the upper limit of shared equipment collection or resource, after executing the step S1, can also carry out opposite user and ring The step of virtual machine configuration upper limit configuration answered.Upper limit configuration includes maximum CPU configuration, maximum memory configurations, maximum Band width configuration, optimal monitor arrangement, the configuration of maximum disk, the configuration of optimal real-time clock and optimal outer establishing The resources such as set.After underlying virtual machine is configured, can close underlying virtual machine can not also close underlying virtual machine.
Then, step S2, acquisition are executed and saves state when underlying virtual machine is configured.Preferably, in this embodiment party In formula, step S2 further includes operation system state file, the operating system log for obtaining configuration and forming multiple underlying virtual machines (OS log file) or disk file system (disk file system).State when the underlying virtual machine is configured It include: CPU state, internal storage state, bandwidth status, Disk State, real-time clock state or peripheral state.Preferably, the step Rapid S3 further include: state when being configured according to the operation system state file of underlying virtual machine and underlying virtual machine, starting Virtual machine.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, so-called " state " refers to interior for memory (or virtual memory) Snapshot is deposited, refers to disk snapshot for disk (or virtual disk).When creating snapshot operation, to create underlying virtual machine Built-in system restoration point for, execute code accordingly are as follows: (qemu) savevm xxc.
It in step s 2, further include the operating system shape for saving underlying virtual machine after the configuration of underlying virtual machine finishes State file and the step of close underlying virtual machine, to further decrease the computing cost on backstage.
Then, execute step S3, traverse virtual machine creating request, using underlying virtual machine be template load increment configure or Person unloads configuration, until request is performed and finishes, and responds user.
Since the underlying virtual machine for being pre-configured with or being pre-created in step sl is not that can expire asking for user completely It asks, while in order to improve the efficiency of later period virtual machine creating and deployment, avoiding being pre-configured with the excessive underlying virtual machine of quantity, In the present invention, it can will configure in the medium of virtual machine and to match a underlying virtual machine of source minimalist configuration in advance, in one The underlying virtual machine of configurations and the underlying virtual machine of a high configuration are waited, forms the relationship of increment configuration between three.? It, can be straight when not being the request of very high virtual machine creating for the performance that general user sends during the virtual machine creating in later period It connects the virtual machine based on above-mentioned minimalist configuration and loads increment configuration using it as template, thus formed in the step S1 above Shared equipment collection or suitable configuration (or resource) is chosen referred to as in configurations, to further be packaged into one It can satisfy the virtual machine of user's request, to respond user.
Specifically, the order of starting increment configuration are as follows:-loadvm xxc.
It is assumed that the configuration of user only increases memory usage amount on the template virtual machine of minimalist configuration, it is 2G, Dynamic increases memory in qemu monitor, and code is as follows:
(qemu) object_add memory-backend-ram, id=mem1, size=1G
(qemu) device_add pc-dimm, id=dimm1, memdev=mem1.
The underlying virtual machine that minimalist configuration is shown below carries out load increment and configures code before and after this process.
A. before the configuration of load increment
[root@localhost~] #cat/proc/meminfo
B. load increment, which is matched, postpones
[root@localhost~] #cat/proc/meminfo
So far, the virtual machine creating for meeting user's request finishes.
In the present embodiment, it is in the underlying virtual machine of increment configuration by configuring one or more step by step, and leads to The mode of load increment configuration is crossed, to form the virtual machine for meeting user's request to create, greatly improves the creation of virtual machine Efficiency.
On the other hand, since the request to create of client is personalized, if increasing the quantity of underlying virtual machine simply Also result in the increase of hind computation expense.Therefore, if worked as associated by the request of creation virtual machine transmitted by some user Virtual machine configuration be more than minimalist configuration underlying virtual machine when, from the background can from the user request match it is immediate It is chosen in the underlying virtual machine of configuration, and carries out the operation of unloading configuration.
For example, the code for reducing memory configurations to the underlying virtual machine of immediate configuration is as follows.
(qemu) device_del dimm1//remove virtual memory from underlying virtual machine;
(qemu) object_del mem1//from virtualization software, which is moved, removes memory configurations object;
Specifically, configuration can be reduced step by step as unit of GB, MB or KB, to match immediate with user's request Virtual machine, and to user response, to effectively avoid the waste of memory source in resource pool.
For example, the code for reducing disk configuration to the underlying virtual machine of immediate configuration or increasing disk configuration is as follows It is shown.
(qemu) drive_add 0if=none, file=/tmp/test.img, format=raw, id=disk1// One piece of RAW format disc test.img name is added as disk1 to virtualization software.
(qemu) device_add virtio-blk-pci, drive=disk1, id=myvirtio1
// be added to the block device that the name of virtualization software is disk1 and be added to virtual machine facility, equipment identification Entitled myvirtio1.
(qemu)device_del disk1
// remove the block device of entitled disk1 from virtual machine and virtualization software.
As advanced optimizing for present embodiment, in step S2 further include: the request to create sent according to user is gone through Concordance list is established in Records of the Historian record, and is matched a virtual machine of the request to create for meeting user's transmission by concordance list and responded use Family.Concordance list can record user's creation, starting, operation and the use habit for closing virtual machine, and form record file.Record text Part can be associated with the underlying virtual machine created in step S1, and when user initiates request operation again by the index Table directly creates and starts virtual machine, to further improve the efficiency that user creates virtual machine.
The series of detailed descriptions listed above only for feasible embodiment of the invention specifically Protection scope bright, that they are not intended to limit the invention, it is all without departing from equivalent implementations made by technical spirit of the present invention Or change should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of virtual machine Method of Creation Process, which comprises the following steps:
S1, configurations are constructed in the medium that can configure virtual machine, to configure at least one underlying virtual machine step by step;
S2, acquisition simultaneously save state when underlying virtual machine is configured, and the state is memory image or disk snapshot;
S3, the request for traversing virtual machine creating load increment configuration as template using underlying virtual machine or unloading configure, until asking It asks to be performed and finish, and respond user;
The configurations are CPU configuration, memory configurations, band width configuration, disk configuration, real-time clock configuration or peripheral configuration One of or two or more any combination configuration;
The CPU configuration is only symmetric multi-processors structure virtual cpu group;
In advance by all Resource Encapsulations at the child resource with individual feature in the step S1, and increment is arranged step by step, with shape At multiple configurations, linearly increasing logical relation is formed between each configurations.
2. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the configurations further include operation System.
3. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that configuration forms two in the step S1 A or more than two underlying virtual machines, the configurations that each underlying virtual machine is configured are in increment relation.
4. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the step S2 further include: obtain Operation system state file, operating system log or the disk file system for the multiple underlying virtual machines for taking configuration to be formed.
5. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S2 further include: according to The historical record of request to create that user sends establishes concordance list, and matches by concordance list and to meet the creation that user sends and ask A virtual machine asking simultaneously responds user.
6. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2, basic empty It further include the step for saving the operation system state file of underlying virtual machine and closing underlying virtual machine after quasi- machine configuration finishes Suddenly.
7. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step S3 further include: according to State when the operation system state file and underlying virtual machine of underlying virtual machine are configured starts virtual machine.
8. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the underlying virtual machine is configured State include: CPU state, internal storage state, bandwidth status, Disk State, real-time clock state or peripheral state.
9. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method also includes opposite users The step of virtual machine setting upper limit of response configures, the upper limit configuration are matched including maximum CPU configuration, memory configurations, bandwidth It sets, the configuration of monitor arrangement, disk, real-time clock configures or peripheral configuration.
10. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the medium packet in the step S1 It includes: physical machine, computer cluster server, computer node or distributed memory system.
11. according to claim 1 or virtual machine Method of Creation Process described in 10, which is characterized in that configure shape in step sl At multiple underlying virtual machines, being formed between each underlying virtual machine can support user to request the minimum of created virtual machine Configuration requirement is configured as increment.
12. virtual machine Method of Creation Process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the operating system includes: Windows operating system, (SuSE) Linux OS, Unix operating system or Be operating system.
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