CN106773148B - Optical isolator and method - Google Patents
Optical isolator and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106773148B CN106773148B CN201611190237.6A CN201611190237A CN106773148B CN 106773148 B CN106773148 B CN 106773148B CN 201611190237 A CN201611190237 A CN 201611190237A CN 106773148 B CN106773148 B CN 106773148B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
- G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/213—Fabry-Perot type
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of optical isolators, including Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus.When the light incidence Fabry-Perot effect interference piece of selected wavelength, meets the light of Fabry-Perot effect interference condition through Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and be emitted through Faraday polarization apparatus；It is orthogonal with initial polarization direction by Faraday polarization apparatus rear polarizer direction if the polarised light by optical isolator is reflected back toward optical isolator, no longer meet Fabry-Perot effect interference condition and is reflected by Fabry-Perot effect interference piece.The optical isolator of the application design is compact-sized, anti-light lesion capability is strong, optics is through narrow bandwidth, can obtain and splendid be optically isolated effect.Disclosed herein as well is one kind to be optically isolated method.
Description
Technical field
This application involves optical isolators, belong to field of optical device technology.
Background technique
Optoisolator is a kind of Passive Optical Components for only Unidirectional light being allowed to pass through, its working principle is that being based on Faraday rotation
Nonreciprocity.It can be isolated well by optoisolator by the light of optical fiber echo reflection.
The characteristic of optoisolator is: positive insertion loss is low, and reverse isolation degree is high, and return loss is high.Optoisolator is fair
By preventing the passive device passed through round about, effect is limited the direction of light in mono- direction Xu Guangxiang, is made
Light can only one direction transmission, can be isolated well by optoisolator by the light of optical fiber echo reflection, improve light wave transmissions effect
Rate.
Optical isolator is widely applied in the communications field, and flourishing recently as optical fiber laser,
It is also widely used for optics protection, just because of this, the optical isolator that isolation effect is good, optic damage threshold value is high becomes such
One of hot spot of device development.
Summary of the invention
According to the one aspect of the application, a kind of optical isolator is provided, polarised light positive can be optically isolated by this
Device and reversed cut-off, the polarised light of especially narrow bandwidth, can preferably realize that forward direction passes through and that reversely ends is optically isolated.This
Apply for that the optical isolator of design is compact-sized, anti-light lesion capability is strong, optics penetrates narrow bandwidth, splendid light can be obtained
Learn isolation effect.The optical isolator, including Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus, light beam successively hang down
Direct projection enters the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus.
Light is in the transmitance and its light in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
Cheng Xiangguan, when light path meets the condition to form Fabry-Perot effect interference effect, the corresponding transmitance of light reaches maximum
Value.Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is made with anisotropic crystal, so that the light of Same Wavelength, different polarization states is corresponding
Refractive index it is different, i.e., their corresponding light paths are different, only the light path polarised light that meets Fabry-Perot effect interference condition
Corresponding transmitance can reach maximum value.
Preferably, the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is anisotropic optical crystal.
Preferably, the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece includes YVO4Crystal, calcite, (bbo crystal, ktp crystal,
KDP crystal, lbo crystal, PbWO4One kind in crystal at least.
As a preferred embodiment, there are two parallel work light for the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece tool
End face is learned, the active optical end face is coated with the deielectric-coating to operation wavelength high reflection.
Preferably, the Faraday polarization apparatus is placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, and the magnetic field strength is arranged to
Make to pass through incident along magnetic direction again thereafter and polarization direction after passing through and described first by its first incident polarized light
Incident polarized light is vertical.To no longer meet Fabry-Perot effect interference condition, realization is optically isolated.
The light operation wavelength being isolated is needed according to the application optical isolator, selects the production of anisotropic optical crystal originally
The Fabry-Perot effect interference piece of application, the Fabry-Perot effect interference of light vertical incidence the application of different polarization states
Corresponding refractive index is different when piece, i.e. the corresponding light path of the light of different polarization states is also different.If polarised light passes through Fabry-Perot
When effect interference piece, it is unsatisfactory for Fabry-Perot effect interference condition, the transmitance of polarised light is minimum value at this time, this is minimum
Value depends on the reflectivity of deielectric-coating in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece；When the corresponding light path of polarised light just meets method cloth
In-Perot effect interference condition when, due to Fabry-Perot effect interfere so that polarised light Fabry-Perot effect interfere
The transmitance of on piece reaches maximum.
According to the application optical isolator, Faraday polarization apparatus is made with the optical material with magneto-optic effect.The method
Polarization apparatus is drawn to be placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, the magnetic field strength is arranged to make through its first incident polarized light
It is vertical with the first incident polarized light by the polarization direction thereafter again along magnetic direction incidence and after passing through.
Herein described optical isolator includes Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and the Faraday polarization apparatus, wherein
The direction that light is advanced from the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece to the Faraday polarization apparatus is the forward direction of light, by the method
Drawing polarization apparatus to be directed toward Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is the reversed of light, when light is imitated along Fabry-Perot described in forward entrance
When answering interference piece, in the light of different polarization states, Fabry-Perot only is capable of forming in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
The light of the polarization state of effect interference could pass through, and the light of polarization state in addition will be reflected, and the polarised light of transmission then passes through institute
Faraday polarization apparatus is stated, polarization direction will rotate angle [alpha], if polarised light is unwanted anti-by certain links or component at this time
It penetrates and is redirected back into and passes through the Faraday polarization apparatus, polarization direction turns over again when reaching Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
Angle [alpha] rotates angle [alpha] twice, leads to 2 α of corotating angle, when 2 α be equal or close to 90 °, i.e., just with initial polarization light direction
It hands over or close to orthogonal, corresponding light path is unsatisfactory for Fabry-Perot effect and interferes item in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
Part can not be optically isolated by Fabry-Perot effect interference piece, realization.When 2 α are equal to 90 °, i.e. α is equal to 45 °, the application institute
It states optical isolator and can be realized and be utmostly optically isolated；When 2 α are close to 90 °, i.e. α close to 45 °, herein described optics every
It still is able to realize from device and be optically isolated, rotation angle [alpha] can be controlled by magnetic field strength, be wanted with meeting different being optically isolated
It asks.
It is further preferred that the Faraday polarization apparatus is placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, the magnetic field strength is set
Being set to can make to rotate 40~50 ° by the polarization direction of its polarised light.Polarization direction rotates 45 ± 5 °, and isolation may be implemented
Not less than 10 decibels.
It is further preferred that the Faraday polarization apparatus is placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, the magnetic field strength is set
Being set to can make to rotate 44~46 ° by the polarization direction of its polarised light.Polarization direction rotates 45 ± 1 °, and isolation may be implemented
Not less than 100 decibels.
As a specific embodiment, the Faraday polarization apparatus be placed in in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, it is described
Magnetic field strength is arranged to make to rotate 45 ° by the polarization direction of its polarised light.
As a specific embodiment, herein described optical isolator is made of an anisotropic optical material
Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and 45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus composition, light vertically inject the Fabry-Perot
45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus are injected after effect interference piece.Wherein light is from the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece to the method
The direction for drawing polarization apparatus to advance is the forward direction of light, is directed toward Fabry-Perot effect interference piece by the Faraday polarization apparatus and is
Light it is reversed, when light is along Fabry-Perot effect interference piece described in forward entrance, in the light of different polarization states, only in method
The light of polarization state that the interference of Fabry-Perot effect is capable of forming in Fabry-Perot-type effect interference piece could pass through, in addition inclined
The light of polarization state will be reflected, and the polarised light of transmission then passes through the Faraday polarization apparatus, and polarization direction will rotate 45 °, vacation
As polarised light at this time is redirected back into and by the Faraday polarization apparatus, arrival by certain links or component are unwanted
Polarization direction turns over 45 ° again when Fabry-Perot effect interference piece, rotates 45 ° twice, leads to 90 ° of corotating, i.e., and initially
Direction of polarized light is orthogonal, and corresponding light path is unsatisfactory for Fabry-Perot effect interference item in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
Part can not be optically isolated by Fabry-Perot effect interference piece, realization.
Herein described optical isolator makes it in method cloth when the light forward direction of a certain wavelength, a certain polarization state passes through
In-Perot effect interference piece on corresponding light path meet Fabry-Perot effect interference condition, transmitance reaches maximum value, after
And light passes through 45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus, 45 ° of polarization direction rotation；If light is reflected back later, it will again by 45 ° of methods
Polarization apparatus is drawn, the polarization state of light rotates 45 ° again, and orthogonal with the polarization direction of initial light, this time is in Fabry-Perot effect
Corresponding light path is not able to satisfy Fabry-Perot effect interference condition in interference piece, and light can not be passed through by reflection, i.e., light is positive
By reversely ending, it is achieved in the isolation of light.
Preferably, the Faraday polarization apparatus uses glass, crystal or optical ceramics with magneto-optic effect.
Preferably, for the Faraday polarization apparatus tool there are two optics end face, the optical side face, which has, increases operation wavelength
Saturating medium plated film.
According to the another aspect of the application, provides one kind and be optically isolated method, this method can make polarised light forward direction logical
It crosses the optical isolator and reversed cut-off, the polarised light of especially narrow bandwidth can preferably realize that forward direction passes through and reversely ends
Be optically isolated.The application's is optically isolated method optics through narrow bandwidth, can obtain and splendid be optically isolated effect.It is described
It is optically isolated method, by light vertical incidence Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus, the Faraday
Device is placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, and the magnetic field strength is arranged to after making to pass through by its first incident polarized light
Polarization direction again along magnetic direction incidence and after passing through is vertical with the polarization direction of the first incident polarized light, thus not
Meet Fabry-Perot effect interference condition again, realization is optically isolated.The method is optically isolated described in using any of the above-described kind
Device.
Preferably, the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is anisotropic optical crystal.
The beneficial effect that the application can generate includes:
(1) optical isolator polarised light provided by the present application positive can pass through the optical isolator and reversed cut-off, especially
It is the polarised light of narrow bandwidth, can preferably realize that forward direction passes through and that reversely ends is optically isolated.
(2) optical isolator provided by the present application is compact-sized, anti-light lesion capability is strong, optics penetrates narrow bandwidth, energy
It enough obtains and splendid is optically isolated effect.
(3) method provided by the present application that is optically isolated can make polarised light forward direction by the optical isolator and reversely end,
The polarised light of especially narrow bandwidth can preferably realize that forward direction passes through and that reversely ends is optically isolated.
(4) the method optics provided by the present application that is optically isolated is through narrow bandwidth, can obtain and splendid be optically isolated effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of embodiment of the application optical isolator.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the application is described further, but the application is not limited to this
A little embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the optical isolator of this application is by a Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP and one 45 °
Faraday polarization apparatus FR is constituted, light successively vertical incidence Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP and 45 ° of Faraday
Device FR.
Specifically, making Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP, anisotropic optical with anisotropic optical crystal
Crystal has good spectral transmission and suitable birefringence, the interference of Fabry-Perot effect in the optical region of work
Piece FP has a pair of parallel optics end face f1 and optics end face f2, and the optical region being plated on optics end face in work is high anti-
The deielectric-coating penetrated, by a to b when the light λ vertical incidence Fabry-Perot effect interference piece, although the light λ of different polarization states passes through
Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP length it is all equal, but the light path since corresponding refractive index is different, corresponding to them
Also not identical；45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus FR are made by the optical material with magneto-optic effect, are placed in certain magnetic field T, these light
Learning material can be crystal, glass or optical ceramics, and there are two optics end face f3 and f4, light for 45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus FR tools
The antireflective deielectric-coating of optical region being coated on end face in work is learned, when light λ is by c to d or d ' to c ', polarization direction will be along same
One rotation direction turns over 45 °.The light beam In of forward-propagating can be polarised light or no polarization light, imitate into Fabry-Perot
Interference piece FP is answered, the corresponding light path of polarised light λ p that only polarization direction is p can satisfy Fabry-Perot effect and interfere item
Part, corresponding transmitance reach maximum value, can by a to b, and in addition polarization state or other wavelength the corresponding light path of light
It is unsatisfactory for Fabry-Perot effect interference condition, is reflected by Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP；It is imitated by Fabry-Perot
It answers the polarised light λ p of interference piece FP by b to c to d, directly also will be turned over by 45 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus FR, polarization direction p
45 °, obtain output beam Out；If at this moment output beam Out has polarization by reflection light R since certain factors generate reflection,
Polarization direction will be p+45 °, travel to Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP by d ' to c ' to b ', pass through 45 ° by d ' to c '
During Faraday polarization apparatus FR, polarization direction, which is again rotated through 45 °, becomes (p+90 °), and polarised light (λ p+90 °) is in method at this time
Corresponding refractive index changes in Fabry-Perot-type effect interference piece, and light path also changes therewith, no longer meets Fabry-Perot
Effect interference condition and by Fabry-Perot effect interference piece FP reflect, i.e., backpropagation terminate (End).
Embodiment 1
Yttrium vanadate crystal (YVO4The optical isolator of)+terbium gallium garnet crystal (TGG)
YVO in the present embodiment4Crystal and TGG crystal are bought from FuJian FuJing Science Co., Ltd.
With YVO4Crystal pro cessing Fabry-Perot effect interference piece, interference piece is with a thickness of 0.5 ± 0.1mm.With TGG crystal
Make 45 ° of polarization apparatus, along radiation direction length be 20 ± 1mm, the same radiation direction of magnetic direction, magnetic field strength be 1 ±
0.5T constitutes optical isolator according to Fig. 1, and optics service band is plated at 1 μm in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
The section 1064 ± 20nm reflectivity is greater than 95% optical medium film, plates on the optics end face of polarization apparatus in 1064 ± 20nm
The antireflective optical medium film in section.Using the 1064nm laser testing optical isolator, the 1064nm light of only certain polarization state
Can forward direction pass through, the 1064nm light passed through is reflected back optical isolator, can not be passed through.
Embodiment 2
The optical isolator of β phase barium metaborate crystal (BBO)+TGG crystal
Bbo crystal and TGG crystal are bought from FuJian FuJing Science Co., Ltd in the present embodiment.
Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is processed with bbo crystal, interference piece is with a thickness of 0.5 ± 0.1mm.With TGG crystal system
Make 44 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus, the length along radiation direction is 20 ± 1mm, the same radiation direction of magnetic direction, magnetic field strength 1
± 0.5T, attached drawing 1 constitutes optical isolator to specifications, and optics service band is interfered at 1 μm in Fabry-Perot effect
Piece, which is plated, is greater than 95% optical medium film in the section 1064 ± 20nm reflectivity, plates on the optics end face of polarization apparatus
The antireflective optical medium film in the section 1064 ± 20nm.Using the 1064nm laser testing optical isolator, only certain polarization state
1064nm light can forward direction pass through, the 1064nm light passed through is reflected back optical isolator, can be imitated by Fabry-Perot
Answer the laser intensity of interference piece less than 1%.
Embodiment 3
The optical isolator of potassium titanyl oxygenic phosphate(KTP) crystal (KTP)+TGG crystal
Ktp crystal and TGG crystal are bought from FuJian FuJing Science Co., Ltd in the present embodiment.
Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is processed with ktp crystal, interference piece is with a thickness of 0.5 ± 0.1mm.With TGG ceramic system
Make 46 ° of Faraday polarization apparatus, the length along radiation direction is 20 ± 1mm, the same radiation direction of magnetic direction, magnetic field strength 1
± 0.5T, attached drawing 1 constitutes optical isolator to specifications, and optics service band is interfered at 1 μm in Fabry-Perot effect
Piece, which is plated, is greater than 95% optical medium film in the section 1064 ± 20nm reflectivity, plates on the optics end face of polarization apparatus
The antireflective optical medium film in the section 1064 ± 20nm.Using the 1064nm laser testing optical isolator, only certain polarization state
1064nm light can forward direction pass through, the 1064nm light passed through is reflected back optical isolator, can not be passed through.
Embodiment 4
The optical isolator of calcite crystal+TGG ceramics
Calcite crystal and TGG ceramics are bought from FuJian FuJing Science Co., Ltd in the present embodiment.
Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is processed with calcite crystal, interference piece is with a thickness of 1 ± 0.1mm.With TGG ceramics
Make Faraday polarization apparatus, along radiation direction length be 20 ± 1mm, the same radiation direction of magnetic direction, magnetic field strength be 1 ±
0.5T, attached drawing 1 constitutes optical isolator to specifications, and optics service band is at 1 μm, in Fabry-Perot effect interference piece
It plates and is greater than 95% optical medium film in the section 1064 ± 20nm reflectivity, plate on the optics end face of polarization apparatus 1064
The antireflective optical medium film in the section ± 20nm.Using the 1064nm laser testing optical isolator, only certain polarization state
1064nm light can forward direction pass through, the 1064nm light passed through is reflected back optical isolator, can not be passed through.
The above is only several embodiments of the application, not does any type of limitation to the application, although this Shen
Please disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however not to limit the application, any person skilled in the art is not taking off
In the range of technical scheme, a little variation or modification are made using the technology contents of the disclosure above and is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in technical proposal scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of optical isolator, which is characterized in that including Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus, light beam
Successively vertically inject the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and Faraday polarization apparatus；
The Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is anisotropic optical crystal；
The Faraday polarization apparatus is placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, and the magnetic field strength is arranged to make through the inclined of its
The polarization direction of vibration light rotates 40~50 °.
2. optical isolator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece includes
YVO4Crystal, calcite, bbo crystal, ktp crystal, KDP crystal, lbo crystal, PbWO4One kind in crystal at least.
3. optical isolator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Fabry-Perot effect interference piece has
Two parallel active optical end faces, the active optical end face are coated with the deielectric-coating to operation wavelength high reflection.
4. optical isolator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Faraday polarization apparatus is placed in and optical path Tongfang
To magnetic field in, the magnetic field strength is arranged to make to rotate 45 ° by the polarization direction of its polarised light.
5. optical isolator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Faraday polarization apparatus, which uses, has magneto-optic effect
Glass, crystal or the amorphous optical ceramics answered.
6. optical isolator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that there are two optical sides for the Faraday polarization apparatus tool
Face, the optical side face have to the antireflective medium plated film of operation wavelength.
7. one kind is optically isolated method, which is characterized in that by light vertical incidence Fabry-Perot effect interference piece and faraday
Polarization apparatus, the Faraday polarization apparatus are placed in the equidirectional magnetic field of optical path, and the magnetic field strength is arranged to make to pass through it
First incident polarized light pass through after polarization direction and the first incident polarization incident along magnetic direction again and after passing through
The polarization direction of light is vertical, to no longer meet Fabry-Perot effect interference condition, realization is optically isolated；
The Fabry-Perot effect interference piece is anisotropic optical crystal.
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| CN201611190237.6A CN106773148B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Optical isolator and method |
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