CN106772605A - A kind of determination method and apparatus of root mean sequare velocity - Google Patents
A kind of determination method and apparatus of root mean sequare velocity Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of determination method and apparatus of root mean sequare velocity, wherein, the method includes：Obtain the seismic data in work area to be measured；Sampling is encrypted to it, region determined by each sampled point carries out correlation analysis with the seismic response data of each sampled point in encryption seismic data during seismic data will be encrypted, the when window center point corresponding to the analysis result of preset requirement is met in the multiple correlation analysis results of selection, as skew sampling point corresponding with speed sampling point to be measured；And determine the root mean sequare velocity of speed sampling point to be measured.In embodiments of the present invention, sampling is encrypted to existing seismic data first, by the way that the speed sampling point to be measured after encrypting sampling is carried out into correlation analysis with its Peripheral earthquake data, and the sampling point root mean sequare velocity after encryption is determined according to analysis result, sampling point to be measured is increased by the method that sampling is encrypted to seismic data, so as to reach the purpose of the variation characteristic that can subtly reflect seismic velocity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geological exploration, the determination method and apparatus of more particularly to a kind of root mean sequare velocity.
Background technology
The precision of velocity modeling directly affects seismic imaging quality, and the quality of seismic imaging quality depends primarily on speed
The precision that depth geological model is set up.Therefore, SEISMIC VELOCTTY ANALYSIS is that seismic imaging obtains high fidelity, high s/n ratio with modeling
With the key technology of high-resolution seismic exploration section.
The geological informations such as seismic waveform, offset distance and wavefield velocity and seismic velocity prediction have it is certain contact, they
Between be capable of achieving mutually conversion, the velocity analysis of pre-stack seismic road collection is a part critically important during earthquake information is extracted.It is existing
Have in technology that to carry out seismic channel set speed spectrum analysis can be by scanning seismic velocity spectrum, from the different earthquake speed that scanning is obtained
Explanation is picked up in degree spectrum energy unity fruit to obtain.However, can not subtly reflect earthquake using the seismic velocity that the method is obtained
The variation characteristic of speed.
The content of the invention
A kind of determination method and apparatus of root mean sequare velocity are the embodiment of the invention provides, to solve to analyze in the prior art
The problem of the fine variation characteristic of seismic velocity can not be reflected during the normal-moveout spectrum in work area to be measured.
A kind of determination method of interval velocity is the embodiment of the invention provides, can be included：Obtain the earthquake money in work area to be measured
Material, the seismic data can include：The seismic time offset distance corresponding with the seismic time and the seismic time
Corresponding seismic response data；Sampling is encrypted to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval, is added
Encryption seismic data after close sampling, respectively using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data as speed sampling point to be measured；Will
When window in the presumptive area determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured, with the encryption seismic data within a preset range
In the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, to choose and meet preset requirement in multiple correlation results
Result corresponding to when window center point, as with the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured；According to described
The first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured first offset distance corresponding with first seismic time, it is described partially
Move the second seismic time second offset distance corresponding with second seismic time corresponding to sampling point, calculate determine it is described
Root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In one embodiment, root mean square when determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time is being calculated
After speed, methods described can also include：The velocity field model in the work area to be measured is set up according to the root mean sequare velocity；Root
Migration imaging is carried out to the work area to be measured according to the velocity field model.
In one embodiment, can be calculated according to below equation determines the speed sampling point to be measured in first earthquake
The root mean sequare velocity during time：
In above formula, VR,nRepresent root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time, Δ tmTable
Show the time interval between first seismic time and second seismic time, Δ XmRepresent first offset distance and institute
State the difference of the second offset distance, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, X0,nRepresent and described the
The first corresponding offset distance of one seismic time.
In one embodiment, root mean square when determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time is being calculated
After speed, methods described can also include：The first seismic time, the speed according to corresponding to the sampling point to be measured is to be measured
The 3rd earthquake corresponding to root mean sequare velocity of the sampling point in first seismic time sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
Root mean sequare velocity, the time sampling interval of root mean sequare velocity determined by the time sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured, it is determined that
Interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In one embodiment, layer of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time can be determined according to below equation
Speed：
In above formula, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, VR,nRepresent that the speed is treated
Root mean sequare velocity of the test sample point in first seismic time, t0,n-1Corresponding to the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
The 3rd seismic time, VR,n-1Root mean sequare velocity determined by the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured, dt represents described
The time sampling interval of root mean sequare velocity, VnRepresent interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In one embodiment, will centered on speed sampling point to be measured determine presumptive area, with it is described cryptographically
In shake data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, choose multiple phases
The when window center point corresponding to the result of preset requirement is met in closing property result, as with speed sampling point to be measured
Corresponding skew sampling point, can include：According to the fate that below equation will be determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured
In domain, with the encryption seismic data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation
Treatment：
In above formula, KpRepresent centered on speed sampling point to be measured determine presumptive area with p-th when window in each
The seismic response data of sampled point carry out the result of correlation treatment, S1N () is represented centered on speed sampling point to be measured really
Seismic response data in fixed presumptive area corresponding to n-th sampled point, SpAdopted for n-th in window when () represents described p-th n
The seismic response data of sampling point, 1≤n≤N；
After the multiple correlation result is obtained, choose the when window center point corresponding to maximum therein and make
It is and the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured.
In one embodiment, choose corresponding to maximum therein when window center point as to be measured with the speed
After skew sampling point corresponding to sampling point, methods described can also include：Reject in the correlation result less than 80%
Skew sampling point.
In one embodiment, after presumptive area is determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured, methods described is also
Can include：First data boundary and the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted respectively when window in ground ring
Answering the truncation effect in data carries out fringing treatment.
In one embodiment, according to below equation the first data boundary of the presumptive area is constituted when window in
The truncation effect of seismic response data carry out fringing treatment：
ψai=ciψi(ta)
In above formula, ci=1-cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψaiRepresent that first data boundary constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(ta) represent that first data boundary constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be taWhen seismic response data；
According to below equation the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted when window in seismic response data
Truncation effect carry out fringing treatment：
ψbi=diψi(tb)
In above formula, di=cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψbiRepresent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(tb) represent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be tbWhen seismic response data.
In one embodiment, before the seismic data in work area to be measured is obtained, methods described can also include：Obtain institute
State stratigraphic dip, stratum average speed, the stratum self-supporting receipts two-way travel time certainly in work area to be measured；It is averagely fast according to the stratum
Degree, the stratum are self-supporting from two-way travel time is received, and determine the depth of stratum；Inclined according to the depth of stratum and the stratum
Angle, determines the offset distance.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of determining device of root mean sequare velocity, can include：Seismic data obtains mould
Block, the seismic data for obtaining work area to be measured, the seismic data includes：Seismic time is corresponding with the seismic time
Offset distance seismic response data corresponding with the seismic time；Encryption sampling module, for being adopted according to the default time
Sample interval is encrypted sampling to the seismic data, the encryption seismic data after encryption sampling is obtained, respectively by the encryption
Each sampled point is used as speed sampling point to be measured in seismic data；Correlation processing module, for will be with speed sampling point to be measured
Centered on determine presumptive area, with it is described encryption seismic data within a preset range when window in each sampled point earthquake
Response data carries out correlation treatment, meets in the multiple correlation results of selection corresponding to the result of preset requirement
When window center point, as with the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured；Speed determination module, for according to the speed
Spend the first seismic time corresponding to sampling point to be measured first offset distance, the skew corresponding with first seismic time
The second seismic time corresponding to sampling point second offset distance corresponding with second seismic time, calculates and determines the speed
Spend root mean sequare velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In embodiments of the present invention, sampling, root are encrypted to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval
Window and encryption earthquake during according to determined by the speed sampling point to be measured corresponding to each sampled point in the seismic data after encryption sampling
In data in preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, it is true according to result
Determine and the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured；Calculate true according to speed sampling point to be measured and the skew sampling point
The root mean sequare velocity of the fixed speed sampling point to be measured.Sampling is encrypted to existing seismic data first, and encryption is sampled
Relevant treatment is carried out between the not people having a common goal of speed sampling point to be measured geologic feature identical with its periphery afterwards, identification friction speed is to be measured
The otherness of time and locus corresponding to sampling point, the speed of the sampling point root mean square after the encryption is determined according to above-mentioned difference
Degree, sampling point to be measured is increased by the method that sampling is encrypted to the seismic data, subtly can reflect ground so as to reach
Shake the purpose of the variation characteristic of speed.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying the premise of creative labor
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the determination method of root mean sequare velocity that the application is provided；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structured flowchart of the determining device of root mean sequare velocity that the application is provided.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
In view of asking for the variation characteristic that can not subtly reflect seismic velocity when determining root mean sequare velocity in the prior art
Topic, inventors herein proposes the explanation number of samples by increasing seismic data, i.e.,：The seismic data in work area to be measured is encrypted and is adopted
Sample, and chosen after encrypting sampling wherein with encryption after sample of the sampling point correlation sampled point higher to determine after the encryption
Point root mean sequare velocity.Specifically, in this application, it is proposed that a kind of determination method of root mean sequare velocity, as shown in figure 1, can be with
Comprise the following steps：
S101：The seismic data in work area to be measured is obtained, the seismic data includes：Seismic time and the seismic time
The corresponding offset distance seismic response data corresponding with the seismic time.
In one embodiment of the application, can be provided by the earthquake in work area to be measured described in apparatus measures direct access
Material, so that it is determined that when seismic time in the work area to be measured offset distance corresponding with the seismic time and the earthquake
Between corresponding seismic response data, and the Seismic Velocity Data information with certain precision can be obtained.
In another embodiment of the application, can be averagely fast on the stratigraphic dip in the acquisition work area to be measured, stratum
Degree, stratum are self-supporting from the basis of receiving two-way travel time；It is self-supporting from receipts according to the stratum average speed, the stratum respectively
Two-way travel time, determine the depth of stratum；According to the depth of stratum and the stratigraphic dip, the offset distance is determined.
I.e., it is possible to calculated according to below equation determine the depth of stratum and the offset distance respectively：
H=Vav*t0/2
X=H*tan θ=Vav*t0*tanθ/2
In above formula, H represents the depth of stratum, VavRepresent the stratum average speed, t0Represent that the stratum is self-supporting certainly
Two-way travel time is received, X represents the offset distance, and θ represents the stratigraphic dip.
The offset distance is navigated into specific position, the relation number between the offset distance and the stratigraphic dip is formed
Group.△ X be assume that for road spacing, then can be corresponding to the offset distance according to the offset distance and the road distance computation
Position at skew road number M=X/ △ X, such that it is able to obtain offseting the relation between road number and angle.Thus, according to above-mentioned
Computing formula understands：In this application, it is also possible to root mean sequare velocity described in the angle-determining from angle domain and skew road number.
S102：Sampling is encrypted to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval, after obtaining encryption sampling
Encryption seismic data, respectively using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data as speed sampling point to be measured.
It can, by scanning seismic velocity spectrum, be obtained from scanning to carry out seismic channel set speed spectrum analysis in the prior art
Different earthquake normal-moveout spectrum energy group result in pick up explanation obtain.However, can not essence using the seismic velocity that the method is obtained
Carefully reflect the variation characteristic of seismic velocity.
In this application, sampling point to be measured is increased by being encrypted the method for sampling to the seismic data, so as to reach
The purpose of the variation characteristic of seismic velocity can subtly be reflected.Because seismic data is influenceed by time sampling interval, speed
Prediction is also required to fine time encryption sampling geological data, can be in this application the original earthquake moneys of 2ms by the sampling interval
Material is encrypted and samples 0.125ms or 0.25ms, so more can subtly ask for continuous velocity data.Can also be by
Original seismic data carries out other sampling intervals and is encrypted sampling, such as encryption sampling to 1ms, 0.5ms etc., and the application is to this
It is not construed as limiting.
Of course, it is also possible to realized being encrypted sampling to the seismic data according to other method, for example：Can lead to
Cubic Spline Method is crossed to ask for encrypting the data after sample interpolation indirectly.Can also be asked for adding according to sampling thheorem, " 321 " method of weighting
Data after close sample interpolation.The application is not construed as limiting for which kind of method to be encrypted sampling from.
Sampling is encrypted to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval, the encryption after encryption sampling is obtained
Seismic data, respectively, will be to be measured with the speed used as speed sampling point to be measured using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data
Presumptive area is used as the when window corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured determined by being put centered on sampling point.In a reality of the application
Apply in example, seismic time when described in window is more than or equal to a sampling period, i.e., more than or equal to a wavelength.
Identified predeterminable area as speed sampling point institute to be measured will be being put using centered on speed sampling point to be measured
When corresponding after window, because in general, discontinuous between the data boundary and 0 in window region when resulting, this shows
Truncation effect as being properly termed as wave field, thus can respectively to first data boundary and the second boundary number of the presumptive area
According to constituted when window in seismic response data in truncation effect carry out fringing treatment so that corresponding data boundary
Can be with slowly varying to 0.
In one embodiment of the application, above-mentioned data boundary can be made up of short time discrete Fourier transform when
The truncation effect in seismic response data in window carries out fringing treatment.
In another embodiment of the application, can be by the window in the upper and lower border addition fringing cosine square of data
Function, to eliminate influence of the border waveform to the seismic response data after encryption sampling.
Specifically, the first data boundary of the presumptive area can be constituted according to below equation when window in ground
The truncation effect for shaking response data carries out fringing treatment：
ψai=ciψi(ta)
In above formula, ci=1-cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψaiRepresent that first data boundary constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(ta) represent that first data boundary constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be taWhen seismic response data；
According to below equation the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted when window in seismic response data
Truncation effect carry out fringing treatment：
ψbi=diψi(tb)
In above formula, di=cos2(π×(i/j))；
In above formula, ψbiRepresent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(tb) represent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be tbWhen seismic response data.
There is truncation effect in data manipulation after in the data boundary of seismic response data, thus can enter
Row fringing treatment, such that it is able to improve the precision of prediction of root mean sequare velocity.
S103：Will be centered on speed sampling point to be measured in identified presumptive area, with the encryption seismic data
Within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, choose multiple correlations treatment
The when window center point corresponding to the result of preset requirement is met in result, as with corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured
Skew sampling point.
The when window corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured described in the encryption seismic data after sampling will be encrypted, it is default nearby with it
In the range of it is identical when window in seismic response data carry out correlation treatment.Specifically, the preset range is the application's
100ms to 200ms, the no more than distance of 20 road seismic channels are referred in one embodiment.
To the encryption seismic data after encryption sampling, earthquake data sampling point asks for it with periphery different earthquake one by one
The correlation result K in road, contrast each correlation result process periphery per pass in sliding time scope most
Big coefficient correlation Kmax, and using corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient when window center point as the institute in this correlation treatment
Skew sampling point is stated, such that it is able to obtain the sliding time Δ t of the skew sampling point from the known seismic datamAnd movement
Offset distance Δ X corresponding to road numberm.Processed by above-mentioned correlation, can obtain in the seismic data and the speed is treated
The correlation degree of window maximum when window when determined by test sample point, has the data determination of maximal correlation degree square according to two
Root speed and interval velocity, can improve the determination precision of the root mean sequare velocity and the interval velocity.
It should be noted, however, that there is adopting in the absence of numerical value in window when corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured
During sampling point, correlation treatment, and root can be carried out further according to the above method with 0 as now corresponding seismic response data
Corresponding sampled point is chosen as the skew sampling point according to result.
Specifically, can be pre- by what is determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured according to below equation according to below equation
Determine region, with the encryption seismic data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out phase
The treatment of closing property：
In above formula, KpRepresent centered on speed sampling point to be measured determine presumptive area with p-th when window in each
The seismic response data of sampled point carry out the result of correlation treatment, S1N () is represented centered on speed sampling point to be measured really
Seismic response data in fixed presumptive area corresponding to n-th sampled point, SpAdopted for n-th in window when () represents described p-th n
The seismic response data of sampling point, 1≤n≤N.
In one embodiment of the application, will be sampled for 2ms original seismic datas are encrypted in the sampling interval
0.25ms, now the original seismic data corresponding sampling period be 200ms, at this point it is possible to determine one with 300ms at
Point centered on sampled point, using 200ms determined by each 100ms of 300ms or so when window as it is to be predicted when window, with 0.25ms's
Sampling interval one by one sampled point slide this it is to be predicted when window, often slide and once carry out the treatment of correlation, to described to be predicted
When window central point corresponding to time when being 500ms, complete correlation treatment, can now obtain 800 correlations
Processing data, chooses the when window center point corresponding to the maximum in the correlation processing data and is processed as this correlation
In the skew sampling point, such that it is able to obtained from known seismic data it is described skew sampling point corresponding to sliding time Δ
tmWith offset distance Δ Xm。
It is worth noting that, after the multiple correlation result is obtained, the correlation treatment can be rejected
Skew sampling point in result less than 80%.When the maximum in the correlation result for obtaining is again smaller than 80%, then can lead to
Cross when changing described the size of window or change the preset range and re-start correlation treatment.
S104：The first seismic time according to corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured is relative with first seismic time
The second seismic time corresponding to the first offset distance for answering, the skew sampling point it is corresponding with second seismic time
Two offset distances, calculate the root mean sequare velocity for determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
It is worth noting that, in this application, first seismic time, first offset distance, second earthquake
In time, second offset distance first, second simply to illustrate that the corresponding value of two parameters is different, and without specific
Physical meaning.For example, the first seismic time, the second seismic time refer to seismic time, simply the first seismic time and
Second seismic time is two different seismic times.Accordingly, the 3rd seismic time referenced below also simply refer to and
First seismic time and the different seismic time of second seismic time.
Specifically, can be calculated according to below equation to determine the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time
Root mean sequare velocity：
In above formula, VR,nRepresent root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time, Δ tmTable
Show the time interval between first seismic time and second seismic time, Δ XmRepresent first offset distance and institute
State the difference of the second offset distance, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, X0,nRepresent and described the
The first corresponding offset distance of one seismic time.
Further, it is square when speed sampling point to be measured is determined in first seismic time by the above method
After root speed, in the root mean sequare velocity obtained by can rejecting more than conventional maximum square speed, less than it is conventional it is minimum
The sampled point of root speed.
After root mean sequare velocity when determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time is calculated, can be with root
It is square in first seismic time according to the first seismic time corresponding to the sampling point to be measured, speed sampling point to be measured
The 3rd seismic time corresponding to the root speed sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
The time sampling interval of identified root mean sequare velocity, root mean sequare velocity, determines the sampling point to be measured in first earthquake
Between interval velocity.
Specifically, interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time can be determined according to below equation：
In above formula, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, VR,nRepresent that the speed is treated
Root mean sequare velocity of the test sample point in first seismic time, t0,n-1Corresponding to the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
The 3rd seismic time, VR,n-1Root mean sequare velocity determined by the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured, dt represents described
The time sampling interval of root mean sequare velocity, VnRepresent interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
Further, the layer speed when speed sampling point to be measured is determined in first seismic time by the above method
After degree, more than conventional maximum interval velocity, adopting less than conventional minimum interval velocity in the root mean sequare velocity obtained by can rejecting
Sampling point.
The method sampled by above-mentioned encryption is extracted to known seismic data and obtains a more fine low-frequency velocity
Field model, can provide a fine speed for seismic wave field time and depth transfer, low frequency model foundation, reservoir seismic inversion prediction
Model, migration imaging is carried out further according to the fine rate pattern to the work area to be measured.
Based on same inventive concept, a kind of determining device of root mean sequare velocity is additionally provided in the embodiment of the present invention, it is as follows
Described in the embodiment in face.Due to the determination method phase of principle and the root mean sequare velocity of the determining device solve problem of root mean sequare velocity
Seemingly, thus the determining device of root mean sequare velocity implementation may refer to root mean sequare velocity determination method implementation, repeat part
Repeat no more.Used below, term " unit " or " module " can realize the software of predetermined function and/or the group of hardware
Close.Although the device described by following examples is preferably realized with software, hardware, or software and hardware combination
Realization be also that may and be contemplated.Fig. 2 is a kind of structural frames of the determining device of the root mean sequare velocity of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, as shown in Fig. 2 can include：Seismic data acquisition module 201, encryption sampling module 202, correlation processing module 203,
Speed determination module 204, illustrates to the structure below.
Seismic data acquisition module 201, can be used for obtaining the seismic data in work area to be measured, and the seismic data includes：
The seismic time offset distance corresponding with the seismic time and the corresponding seismic response data of the seismic time；
Encryption sampling module 202, can be used for being encrypted the seismic data according to default time sampling interval
Sampling, obtains the encryption seismic data after encryption sampling, respectively using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data as speed
Sampling point to be measured；
Correlation processing module 203, can be used for the identified presumptive area centered on speed sampling point to be measured,
With in the encryption seismic data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out at correlation
Reason, chooses the when window center point corresponding to the result that preset requirement is met in multiple correlation results, as with institute
State the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured；
Speed determination module 204, can be used for the first seismic time according to corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured and institute
State the second seismic time and described second corresponding to the first corresponding offset distance of the first seismic time, the skew sampling point
The second corresponding offset distance of seismic time, calculates and determines that the speed sampling point to be measured is square in first seismic time
Root speed.
In one embodiment, the speed determination module is calculating the determination speed sampling point to be measured on first ground
After root mean sequare velocity during the shake time, can also include：Velocity field model sets up unit, can be used for according to the root mean square
Speed sets up the velocity field model in the work area to be measured；Imaging unit, can be used for being treated to described according to the velocity field model
Surveying work area carries out migration imaging.
In one embodiment, the speed determination module determines that the speed is treated specifically for being calculated according to below equation
Root mean sequare velocity of the test sample point in first seismic time：
In above formula, VR,nRepresent root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time, Δ tmTable
Show the time interval between first seismic time and second seismic time, Δ XmRepresent first offset distance and institute
State the difference of the second offset distance, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, X0,nRepresent and described the
The first corresponding offset distance of one seismic time.
In one embodiment, the speed determination module is calculating the determination speed sampling point to be measured on first ground
After root mean sequare velocity during the shake time, can also include：It is the first seismic time according to corresponding to the sampling point to be measured, described
Corresponding to root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
Root mean sequare velocity, the time sampling of root mean sequare velocity determined by the 3rd seismic time sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
Interval, determines interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In one embodiment, the speed determination module specifically can be used for treating test sample according to described in below equation determination
Interval velocity of the point in first seismic time：
In above formula, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, VR,nRepresent that the speed is treated
Root mean sequare velocity of the test sample point in first seismic time, t0,n-1Corresponding to the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
The 3rd seismic time, VR,n-1Root mean sequare velocity determined by the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured, dt represents described
The time sampling interval of root mean sequare velocity, VnRepresent interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
In one embodiment, the correlation processing module can include：Treatment computing unit specifically can be used for by
According to below equation by the when window corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, with a preset range with it is described when window it is equal cryptographically
The seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment in shake data：
In above formula, KpRepresent centered on speed sampling point to be measured determine presumptive area with p-th when window in each
The seismic response data of sampled point carry out the result of correlation treatment, S1N () is represented centered on speed sampling point to be measured really
Seismic response data in fixed presumptive area corresponding to n-th sampled point, SpAdopted for n-th in window when () represents described p-th n
The seismic response data of sampling point, 1≤n≤N；
Skew sampling point determining unit, can be used for after the multiple correlation result is obtained, and choose therein
Corresponding to maximum when window center point as with the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured.
In one embodiment, it is described skew sampling point determining unit after the multiple correlation result is obtained,
Can also include：Reject the skew sampling point less than 80% in the correlation result.
In one embodiment, the correlation processing module will centered on speed sampling point to be measured determination it is pre-
Determine after region, can also include：First data boundary and the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted respectively
When window in seismic response data in truncation effect carry out fringing treatment.
In one embodiment, the correlation processing module specifically can be used for according to below equation to the fate
First data boundary in domain constituted when window in the truncation effect of seismic response data carry out fringing treatment：
ψai=ciψi(ta)
In above formula, ci=1-cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψaiRepresent that first data boundary constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(ta) represent that first data boundary constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be taWhen seismic response data；
According to below equation the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted when window in seismic response data
Truncation effect carry out fringing treatment：
ψbi=diψi(tb)
In above formula, di=cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψbiRepresent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in after ith sample point carries out fringing treatment
Seismic response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(tb) represent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in ith sample point when
Between be tbWhen seismic response data.
In one embodiment, the seismic data acquisition module might be used also before the seismic data in work area to be measured is obtained
To include：Hourage acquiring unit, can be used for obtaining stratigraphic dip, stratum average speed, the stratum in the work area to be measured
It is self-supporting to receive two-way travel time certainly；Depth of stratum determining unit, can be used for according to the stratum average speed, the stratum certainly
To from two-way travel time is received, the depth of stratum is determined；Offset distance determining unit, can be used for according to the depth of stratum and
The stratigraphic dip, determines the offset distance.
As can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the present invention realizes following technique effect：, according to it is default when
Between the sampling interval sampling is encrypted to the seismic data, according to encryption sampling after seismic data in each sampled point institute it is right
When determined by the speed sampling point to be measured answered in window and encryption seismic data in preset range when window in each sampled point ground
Shake response data carries out correlation treatment, the skew sampling point according to corresponding to result determination with speed sampling point to be measured；
The root mean sequare velocity for determining the speed sampling point to be measured is calculated according to speed sampling point to be measured and the skew sampling point.It is right first
Existing seismic data is encrypted sampling, and will encrypt the speed sampling point to be measured geologic feature identical with its periphery after sampling
Relevant treatment is not carried out between people having a common goal, the otherness of time and locus corresponding to identification friction speed sampling point to be measured, root
Determine the sampling point root mean sequare velocity after the encryption according to above-mentioned difference, the method by being encrypted sampling to the seismic data
Increase sampling point to be measured, so as to reach the purpose of the variation characteristic that can subtly reflect seismic velocity.
Although mentioning correlation treatment in teachings herein, calculating determination root mean sequare velocity, calculate determination interval velocity, denoising
The description such as treatment, but, the application is not limited to the situation described by the embodiment of the present application.Some professional standards are used
Embodiment amended slightly can also realize above-described embodiment phase in self-defined mode or the practice processes of embodiment description
The implementation result being anticipated that after same, equivalent or close or deformation.Using interactive interface, interaction side after these modifications or deformation
The embodiment of the acquisitions such as formula, data acquisition/storage/judgement, within the scope of still may belong to the optional embodiment of the application.
It should be noted that in the description of the present application, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose and difference
Similar object, between the two and in the absence of sequencing, can not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.Additionally,
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " is meant that two or more.
Although this application provides the method operating procedure as described in embodiment or flow chart, based on conventional or noninvasive
The means of the property made can include more or less operating procedures.The step of being enumerated in embodiment order is only numerous steps
A kind of mode in execution sequence, unique execution sequence is not represented.When device in practice or end product are performed, can be with
Performed or executed in parallel (such as parallel processor or multiple threads according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings order
Environment, even distributed data processing environment).Term " including ", "comprising" or its any other variant be intended to
Nonexcludability is included, so that process, method, product or equipment including a series of key elements not only will including those
Element, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or also include being this process, method, product or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, be not precluded from the process including the key element, method, product or
Also there are other identical or equivalent elements in person's equipment.
Unit, device or module that above-described embodiment is illustrated etc., can specifically be realized by computer chip or entity, or
Realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, describe to be divided into various modules point with function during apparatus above
Do not describe.Certainly, can the function of each module is real in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware when the application is implemented
It is existing, it is also possible to will to realize that the module of same function is realized etc. by the combination of multiple submodule or subelement.Dress described above
It is only schematical to put embodiment, for example, the division of the unit, only a kind of division of logic function, when actually realizing
There can be other dividing mode, such as multiple units or component can combine or be desirably integrated into another system, or one
A little features can be ignored, or not perform.It is another, shown or discussed coupling or direct-coupling or communication link each other
Connecing can be that the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication connection of device or unit can be electrical, mechanical or other shapes by some interfaces
Formula.
It is also known in the art that in addition to realizing controller in pure computer readable program code mode, it is complete
Entirely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come cause controller with gate, switch, application specific integrated circuit, may be programmed
Logic controller realizes identical function with the form of embedded microcontroller etc..Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and the device for realizing various functions included to its inside can also be considered as the structure in hardware component.Or
Person even, can be used to realizing that the device of various functions is considered as not only being the software module of implementation method but also can be hardware
Structure in part.
The application can be described in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program
Module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizes routine, program, object, the group of particular abstract data type
Part, data structure, class etc..The application can also be in a distributed computing environment put into practice, in these DCEs,
Task is performed by the remote processing devices connected by communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can
With in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium including including storage device.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the application can
Realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme essence of the application
On the part that is contributed to prior art in other words can be embodied in the form of software product, the computer software product
Can store in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions are used to so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, mobile terminal, server, or network equipment etc.) performs each embodiment of the application or implementation
Method described in some parts of example.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, same or analogous portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.The application can be used for crowd
In more general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.For example：Personal computer, server computer, handheld device or
Portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, set top box, programmable electronics set
Standby, network PC, minicom, mainframe computer, the DCE including any of the above system or equipment etc..
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of determination method of root mean sequare velocity, it is characterised in that including：
The seismic data in work area to be measured is obtained, the seismic data includes：Inclined corresponding with the seismic time of seismic time
Move away from the seismic response data corresponding with the seismic time；
Sampling is encrypted to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval, the encryption earthquake after encryption sampling is obtained
Data, respectively using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data as speed sampling point to be measured；
In the presumptive area that will be determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured, with the encryption seismic data within a preset range
When window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, to choose and meet pre- in multiple correlation results
If it is required that result corresponding to when window center point, as with the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured；
First inclined corresponding with first seismic time of the first seismic time according to corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured
Move away from the second seismic time second offset distance corresponding with second seismic time corresponding to, the skew sampling point, meter
Calculate the root mean sequare velocity for determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that determine the speed sampling point to be measured on first ground calculating
After root mean sequare velocity during the shake time, methods described also includes：
The velocity field model in the work area to be measured is set up according to the root mean sequare velocity；
Migration imaging is carried out to the work area to be measured according to the velocity field model.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that calculated according to below equation and determine that the speed sampling point to be measured exists
Root mean sequare velocity during first seismic time：
In above formula, VR,nRepresent root mean sequare velocity of the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time, Δ tmRepresent institute
State the time interval between the first seismic time and second seismic time, Δ XmRepresent first offset distance and described
The difference of two offset distances, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, X0,nRepresent and first ground
Shake time corresponding the first offset distance.
4. the method as described in any one in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that determine that the speed treats test sample calculating
After root mean sequare velocity of the point in first seismic time, methods described also includes：
The first seismic time, speed sampling point to be measured according to corresponding to the sampling point to be measured is in first seismic time
The root mean sequare velocity sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured corresponding to the 3rd seismic time it is adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
Sampling point determined by root mean sequare velocity, the time sampling interval of root mean sequare velocity, determine the sampling point to be measured described first
The interval velocity of seismic time.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that determine the sampling point to be measured described first according to below equation
The interval velocity of seismic time：
In above formula, t0,nRepresent the first seismic time corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured, VR,nRepresent that the speed treats test sample
Root mean sequare velocity of the point in first seismic time, t0,n-1Represent the corresponding to the sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured
Three seismic times, VR,n-1Root mean sequare velocity determined by the expression sampling point adjacent with the sampling point to be measured, dt represents described square
The time sampling interval of root speed, VnRepresent interval velocity of the sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
6. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the fate that will be determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured
In domain, with the encryption seismic data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation
Treatment, chooses the when window center point corresponding to the result that preset requirement is met in multiple correlation results, as with
Skew sampling point corresponding to the speed sampling point to be measured, including：
According in the presumptive area that below equation will be determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured, with the encryption seismic data
Within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment：
In above formula, KpRepresent the presumptive area and each sampled point in window at p-th determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured
Seismic response data carry out the result of correlation treatment, S1N () expression is determined centered on speed sampling point to be measured pre-
Determine the seismic response data corresponding to n-th sampled point, S in regionpN-th sampled point in window when () represents described p-th n
Seismic response data, 1≤n≤N；
After the multiple correlation result is obtained, choose corresponding to maximum therein when window center point as with
Skew sampling point corresponding to the speed sampling point to be measured.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that make the when window center point corresponding to maximum therein is chosen
It is that methods described also includes with after the skew sampling point corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured：
Reject the skew sampling point less than 80% in the correlation result.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that determining presumptive area centered on speed sampling point to be measured
Afterwards, methods described also includes：
First data boundary and the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted respectively when window in seismic response number
Truncation effect in carries out fringing treatment.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that according to below equation to the first number of boundary of the presumptive area
According to constituted when window in the truncation effect of seismic response data carry out fringing treatment：
ψai=ciψi(ta)
In above formula, ci=1-cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψaiRepresent that first data boundary constituted when window in ith sample point carry out the ground after fringing treatment
Shake response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(ta) represent that first data boundary constituted when window in ith sample point be in the time
taWhen seismic response data；
According to below equation the second boundary data of the presumptive area are constituted when window in seismic response data cut
Disconnected effect carries out fringing treatment：
ψbi=diψi(tb)
In above formula, di=cos2(π×(i/2×I))；
In above formula, ψbiRepresent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in ith sample point carry out the ground after fringing treatment
Shake response data, 1≤i≤I, ψi(tb) represent that the second boundary data are constituted when window in ith sample point be in the time
tbWhen seismic response data.
10. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that before the seismic data in work area to be measured is obtained, methods described
Also include：
Obtain stratigraphic dip, stratum average speed, the stratum self-supporting receipts two-way travel time certainly in the work area to be measured；
It is self-supporting from two-way travel time is received according to the stratum average speed, the stratum, determine the depth of stratum；
According to the depth of stratum and the stratigraphic dip, the offset distance is determined.
A kind of 11. determining devices of root mean sequare velocity, it is characterised in that including：
Seismic data acquisition module, the seismic data for obtaining work area to be measured, the seismic data includes：Seismic time and
The corresponding offset distance of the seismic time seismic response data corresponding with the seismic time；
Encryption sampling module, for being encrypted sampling to the seismic data according to default time sampling interval, is added
Encryption seismic data after close sampling, respectively using each sampled point in the encryption seismic data as speed sampling point to be measured；
Correlation processing module, for will centered on speed sampling point to be measured determine presumptive area, with it is described cryptographically
In shake data within a preset range when window in the seismic response data of each sampled point carry out correlation treatment, choose multiple phases
The when window center point corresponding to the result of preset requirement is met in closing property result, as with speed sampling point to be measured
Corresponding skew sampling point；
Speed determination module, for the first seismic time according to corresponding to speed sampling point to be measured and first earthquake
The second seismic time and the second seismic time phase corresponding to time corresponding the first offset distance, the skew sampling point
Corresponding second offset distance, calculates the root mean sequare velocity for determining the speed sampling point to be measured in first seismic time.
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