CN106772593B - The imaging method and device of diffracted wave - Google Patents
The imaging method and device of diffracted wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN106772593B CN106772593B CN201610991537.8A CN201610991537A CN106772593B CN 106772593 B CN106772593 B CN 106772593B CN 201610991537 A CN201610991537 A CN 201610991537A CN 106772593 B CN106772593 B CN 106772593B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of imaging method of diffracted wave and device, this method includes：Obtain earthquake common offset data；Separating treatment is carried out to earthquake common offset data, common offset diffracted wave data are obtained after separation；The corresponding diffraction amplitude value of common offset diffracted wave data is extracted, and amplitude is formed into imaging vector；Imaging vector is subjected to imaging, obtains diffracted wave imaging results；The present invention is using the amplitude for the common offset diffracted wave data isolated as starting point, pass through imaging, the imaging results of high quality can be obtained, and then the analytical judgment by the imaging results of the high quality to geological stratification, but also the result analyzed and determined is more accurate, reduce construction risk, practicability is good.Alleviate the technical problem for during carrying out imaging to diffracted wave, seriously causing diffracted wave image quality poor due to energy loss in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic imaging technical fields, more particularly, to the imaging method and device of a kind of diffracted wave.
Background technology
In the scale recovery process in coalfield, generally use seismic prospecting positions non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid, this
A little non-homogeneous discontinuously plastids include tomography, small scale karst collapse col umn and crack etc., they for mechanization safety in production extremely
It closes important.In the initial data (i.e. seismic data) of seismic prospecting, existing diffracted wave has back wave again, wherein back wave
It is a macroscopic view reflection of geologic setting, diffracted wave is then the reflection of geology details, is the important information for improving seismic resolution
Carrier.
Currently, the methods for positioning non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid comprising a variety of identifications in industrial quarters, wherein a kind of method
Processing procedure includes：In seismic data imaging process, first, to diffracted wave and back wave carry out generalised displacement at
Then picture passes through the seismic attributes analysis such as discontinuity detecting technique, seismic coherent technique and spectral factorization algorithm in the seismic interpretation stage
Method carries out the identification of seismic anomalous volume according to the difference after diffracted wave and reflection wave imaging.But in above-mentioned earthquake wave number
It in, for back wave, since the energy of diffracted wave is weaker, or even is difficult to distinguish, therefore knows in the seismic interpretation stage
Other diffracted wave imaging, diffracted wave caused by small-sized geologic body especially closer from strong reflection interface, can because by
It is difficult to the interference of the strong energy of reflecting interface, resolution ratio is low, is unfavorable for analyzing and determining.
With the persistent exploration of related scholar, had also been proposed in industrial quarters it is a kind of by diffracted wave from original seismic data point
From the method that processing is individually imaged, but current diffracted wave separation method does not fully consider the amplitude characteristic of diffracted wave, from
And causing the diffracted wave energy loss isolated serious, image quality is poor, and practicability is bad.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of imaging method of diffracted wave and device, to alleviate in opposing connection
During ejected wave carries out imaging, the technical problem that seriously causes diffracted wave image quality poor due to energy loss.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of imaging methods of diffracted wave, including：
Obtain earthquake common offset data, wherein the earthquake common offset data include：Common offset reflects wave number
According to, common offset diffracted wave data；
Separating treatment is carried out to the earthquake common offset data, the common offset diffraction wave number is obtained after separation
According to；
Extract the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of the common offset diffracted wave data, and by the imaging of amplitude composition to
Amount；
Imaging vector is subjected to imaging, obtains diffracted wave imaging results.
With reference to first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the first possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein institute
State diffraction amplitude value quantity be it is multiple, it is described by the imaging vector progress imaging, obtain diffracted wave imaging results
Including：
It determines the first quantity of first kind amplitude in the imaging vector, and determines the second class in the imaging vector
Second quantity of amplitude, wherein the first kind amplitude is amplitude more than zero, the second class amplitude be less than
Zero amplitude；
Judge whether first quantity and the ratio of second quantity are in default value range；
If it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is in the default value range, then will
The first kind amplitude negates, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
Calculate the first kind amplitude and after negating the second class amplitude and value, alternatively, calculating negates it
The rear first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and regard described and value as the imaging results.
With reference to first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides second of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein institute
It states and imaging vector is subjected to imaging, obtaining diffracted wave imaging results further includes：
If it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is not in the default value range, then
Calculate the first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and it regard described and value as the imaging results.
With reference to first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the third possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein institute
Stating acquisition earthquake common offset data includes：
The seismic data in the underground space is preset in acquisition, wherein the seismic data carries geological information, described
The default underground space is the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature；
The seismic data is pre-processed, the earthquake common offset data are obtained, wherein the pretreatment is extremely
Include less：Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, the sorting in the seismic data for choosing offset
Away from identical data.
With reference to first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the 4th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein institute
It states and separating treatment is carried out to the earthquake common offset data, obtaining the common offset diffracted wave data after separation includes：
Hyperbola Radon transformation is carried out to the earthquake common offset data, obtains the hyperbola Radon transformation of high-fidelity
Domain；
The common offset reflected waveform data in the hyperbola Radon transform domains is deleted by threshold value control methods；
Hyperbolic is carried out to deleting the data after the common offset reflected waveform data in the hyperbola Radon transform domains
Line Radon inverse transformations obtain the common offset diffracted wave data.
With reference to first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the 5th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein institute
The corresponding diffraction amplitude value of the extraction common offset diffracted wave data is stated, and the amplitude is formed into imaging vector packet
It includes：
Obtain migration velocity file, wherein it is empty in the default underground that the migration velocity file is used to indicate seismic wave
Between in spread speed；
According to the common offset diffracted wave data and the migration velocity file, the common offset diffraction wave number is calculated
According to by when walking information of the shot position through imaging point position in the default underground space to geophone station position；
According to it is described walk when information, from the common offset diffracted wave extracting data correspond to described in walk when information space
With the amplitude of the common offset diffracted wave data of time location, and using the amplitude as the common offset diffraction
The imaging vector of wave number evidence.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provide a kind of imaging device of diffracted wave, and described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtaining earthquake common offset data, wherein the earthquake common offset data include：It is inclined altogether
It moves away from reflected waveform data, common offset diffracted wave data；
Separation processing modules obtain described for carrying out separating treatment to the earthquake common offset data after separation
Common offset diffracted wave data；
Extraction module for extracting the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of the common offset diffracted wave data, and shakes described
Amplitude composition imaging vector；
Imaging module obtains diffracted wave imaging results for imaging vector to be carried out imaging.
In conjunction with second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the first possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein institute
The quantity for stating diffraction amplitude value is multiple, and the imaging module includes：
Determination sub-module, the first quantity for determining first kind amplitude in the imaging vector, and described in determination
Second quantity of the second class amplitude in imaging vector, wherein the first kind amplitude is amplitude more than zero, described the
Two class amplitudes are minus amplitude；
Judging submodule, whether the ratio for judging first quantity with second quantity is in default value model
In enclosing；
Submodule is negated, is used for if it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is in described default
In value range, then the first kind amplitude is negated, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
First computational submodule, the sum for the second class amplitude after calculating the first kind amplitude and negating
Value, alternatively, calculate the first kind amplitude after negating and the second class amplitude and value, and will described and value work
For the imaging results.
In conjunction with second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides second of possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein institute
Stating imaging module further includes：
Second computational submodule, if it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity be not in it is described pre-
If in value range, for calculate the first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and described and value is made
For the imaging results.
In conjunction with second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides the third possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein institute
Stating acquisition module includes：
Submodule is acquired, for acquiring the seismic data in the default underground space, wherein the seismic data carries
It is the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature to have geological information, the default underground space；
Submodule is pre-processed, for being pre-processed to the seismic data, obtains the earthquake common offset data,
Wherein, the pretreatment includes at least：Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, the sorting is in the earthquake
Wave number chooses the identical data of offset distance in.
The embodiment of the present invention brings following advantageous effect：A kind of imaging method of diffracted wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention
And device, this method include obtaining earthquake common offset data, wherein earthquake common offset data include：Common offset reflects
Wave number evidence, common offset diffracted wave data；Separating treatment is carried out to earthquake common offset data, common offset is obtained after separation
Diffracted wave data；The corresponding diffraction amplitude value of common offset diffracted wave data is extracted, and amplitude is formed into imaging vector；It will
Imaging vector carries out imaging, obtains diffracted wave imaging results；
With diffracted wave is isolated from original seismic data in the prior art, then diffracted wave is individually imaged again
Method compare, the present invention detaches the earthquake common offset data got after obtaining earthquake common offset data
Processing, obtains common offset diffracted wave data, and then, the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of extraction common offset diffracted wave data will
Amplitude composition imaging vector, finally carries out imaging to imaging vector, obtains diffracted wave imaging results.Divide in the prior art
From diffracted wave imaging process Main Basiss back wave and diffracted wave kinematics difference, do not fully consider common offset around
The amplitude characteristic of ejected wave data.The embodiment of the present invention is using the amplitude for the common offset diffracted wave data isolated as setting out
By imaging the imaging results of high quality can be obtained, and then divide geological stratification by the imaging results of the high quality in point
Analysis judges, but also the result analyzed and determined is more accurate, reduces construction risk, practicability is good.It alleviates in the prior art
During carrying out imaging to diffracted wave, since the technology that energy loss seriously causes diffracted wave image quality poor is asked
Topic.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, also, partly become from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages are in specification, claims
And specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in attached drawing.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate
Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the imaging method of diffracted wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining earthquake common offset data；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention that earthquake common offset data are carried out with separating treatment；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of hyperbola Radon transform domains provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow of the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of extraction common offset diffracted wave data provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention that imaging vector is carried out to imaging；
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the imaging device of diffracted wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon：
The imaging device of 1- diffracted waves；11- acquisition modules；12- separation processing modules；13- extraction modules；At 14- imagings
Manage module；141- determination sub-modules；142- judging submodules；143- negates submodule；The first computational submodules of 144-；145-
Two computational submodules；111- acquires submodule；112- pre-processes submodule；121- hyperbola Radon transformation submodules；122- is deleted
Except submodule；123- hyperbola Radon inverse transformation submodules；131- acquisition submodules；132- third computational submodules；133- is carried
Take submodule.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Lower obtained every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Currently, diffracted wave is isolated from original seismic data in the prior art, then to diffracted wave carry out individually at
The method of picture does not fully consider the amplitude characteristic of common offset diffracted wave data, and energy loss is serious, and image quality is poor, imaging
Process it is complicated.Based on this, a kind of imaging method and device of diffracted wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention are inclined altogether by what is isolated
It moves the amplitude away from diffracted wave data and the imaging results of high quality can be obtained by imaging as starting point, and then pass through
Analytical judgment of the imaging results of the high quality to geological stratification, but also the result analyzed and determined is more accurate, practicability is good.It is slow
It is serious energy loss in diffracted wave imaging process in the prior art is solved, the technical problem of image quality difference.
For ease of understanding the present embodiment, the imaging side first to a kind of diffracted wave disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
Method describes in detail.
A kind of imaging method of diffracted wave, with reference to figure 1, this method includes：
S101, earthquake common offset data are obtained, wherein earthquake common offset data include：Common offset reflects wave number
According to, common offset diffracted wave data；
In embodiments of the present invention, common offset diffracted wave data are the identical diffracted wave data of offset distance, common offset
Reflected waveform data is the identical reflected waveform data of offset distance.In coalfield scale recovery process, generally use seismic prospecting is fixed
The discontinuous unevenly plastid in position.So-called seismic prospecting refers to the difference using underground medium elasticity and density, passes through observation
Response with analysis the earth to artificial excitation's seismic wave, infers the property of rock stratum and the geophysical exploration method of form.
In embodiments of the present invention, earthquake common offset data include mainly common offset reflected waveform data and common offset
Diffracted wave data.For the energy of common offset back wave, the energy of common offset diffracted wave is very weak.In physics
In, the phenomenon that wave cut-through object is propagated call diffraction, when diffraction, the path of wave is changed or is bent, and favour is met
More this principle.And in seismic survey work, seismic wave is encountered in the air the place of stratum acute variation, such as tomography
Breakpoint, break rib, depositional termination line, and the wave caused by edge of heterogeneous body, intrusive body and underground reef etc. is diffracted wave, so around
Ejected wave is the carrier of geological information, can realize that high-resolution detects.
In embodiments of the present invention, earthquake common offset data are pre-processed to obtain to seismic data.
S102, earthquake common offset data are carried out with separating treatment, common offset diffracted wave data is obtained after separation；
High-resolution imaging results in order to obtain need the earthquake common offset data to acquisition to carry out separating treatment,
Common offset diffracted wave data are separately separated out, can be imaged by the independent imaging of common offset diffracted wave data in this way
Result be more clear.
S103, the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of extraction common offset diffracted wave data, and amplitude is formed into imaging vector；
Specifically, in all common offset diffracted wave data, the time of the data of some and information when walking
It is corresponding with spatial position, and the only amplitude of these common offset diffracted wave data could be used as imaging vector, so, it needs
Extract this corresponding diffraction amplitude value of part common offset diffracted wave data.
S104, imaging vector is subjected to imaging, obtains diffracted wave imaging results.
In embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining diffraction amplitude value, the size of corresponding amplitude have just have it is negative, simultaneously
By amplitude as imaging vector, in obtained imaging vector, symbol also have just have it is negative.The purpose of imaging is to avoid shaking
When amplitude is superimposed, the reduction of amplitude and value (i.e. common offset diffraction wave energy) caused by the reason of sign avoids
The loss of energy improves the image quality of diffracted wave.
The imaging method of a kind of diffracted wave provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and in the prior art by diffracted wave from original earthquake
It is isolated in record, the method being then individually imaged to diffracted wave again is compared, and the present invention is obtaining earthquake common offset number
According to rear, the earthquake common offset data got are subjected to separating treatment, obtain common offset diffracted wave data, then, extraction
Amplitude is formed imaging vector, is finally carried out to imaging vector by the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of common offset diffracted wave data
Imaging obtains diffracted wave imaging results.In the prior art separation diffracted wave imaging process Main Basiss back wave with around
The kinematics difference of ejected wave, does not fully consider the amplitude characteristic of common offset diffracted wave data.The embodiment of the present invention will divide
The amplitude of the common offset diffracted wave data separated out obtains the imaging results of high quality as starting point by imaging,
And then the analytical judgment by the imaging results of the high quality to geological stratification subtracts but also the result analyzed and determined is more accurate
Construction risk is lacked, practicability is good.It alleviates in the prior art during carrying out imaging to diffracted wave, due to energy
The technical problem that loss seriously causes diffracted wave image quality poor.
The above has carried out whole brief description to the imaging method of diffracted wave, below to the content that is directed into
Row specifically describes.With reference to figure 2, obtaining earthquake common offset data includes：
S201, acquisition preset the seismic data in the underground space, wherein seismic data carries geological information, in advance
If the underground space is the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature；
In embodiments of the present invention, the preset underground space is that the underground with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature is empty
Between, correspond to default ground, wherein non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid includes tomography, karst collapse col umn and crack etc..It is being acquired
When, it needs to dispose seismic observation system on default ground, including：Shot position and setting geophone station position are set.Default
After ground sets shot position, explosive is buried in the position；Meanwhile wave detector is placed to collect seismic wave in geophone station position
Data, wherein geophone station position is multiple, while corresponding wave detector is also multiple.After test starts, ignition charge generates
Seismic wave enter inside geologic body through ground, after reaching discontinuous heterogeneous geologic body, a seismic wave part is by reflection
Ground is reached in the form of back wave, another part reaches ground by diffraction in the form of diffracted wave.It is placed in the inspection of ground surface
Wave device can receive the seismic data by geologic body, these seismic datas carry geological information.
It should be noted that：Above-mentioned explosive may be other substances that seismic wave can be generated to ground, and the present invention is real
Example is applied to be not particularly limited it.
S202, seismic data is pre-processed, obtains earthquake common offset data, wherein pretreatment includes at least：
Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, sorting in seismic data for choosing the identical data of offset distance.
In embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned pretreated process to data is completed in seismic software.Specifically,
Related technical personnel can import the seismic data received in above-mentioned wave detector in seismic software, and seismic software is obtaining
After the instruction imported to data, coordinate is established, establishes shot position, geophone station position and collected earthquake in a coordinate system
Correspondence of the wave number between to complete the process of data load, and carries out processing correspondingly to the data of load, including
Noise, static correction and sorting process are removed to collected seismic data by seismic software, in turn, it is inclined altogether to obtain earthquake
It moves away from data, after obtaining earthquake common offset data, so that it may carry out subsequent analyzing processing by the data.
Further, with reference to figure 3, separating treatment is carried out to earthquake common offset data, common offset is obtained after separation
Diffracted wave data include：
S301, hyperbola Radon transformation is carried out to earthquake common offset data, the hyperbola Radon for obtaining high-fidelity becomes
Change domain；
Specifically, first carrying out orthogonal polynomial decomposition to earthquake common offset data, obtained decomposition coefficient can be eliminated altogether
The polarity inverse characteristic of offset distance diffracted wave protects the energy of common offset diffracted wave, then carries out hyperbola Radon changes again
It changes.Specific process refers to following formula：
Wherein, m (τ, q) is the numerical value of high-fidelity hyperbola Radon transform domains, and d (t, x) is common offset seismic data,
T, x are respectively TWT and seismic channel and road spacing, and τ, q are hyperbola parameter, pj(x) it is about the orthogonal more of variable x
Item formula, for the earthquake diffraction amplitude value on hyperbola of fit, K is common offset seismic channel number.
S302, the common offset reflected waveform data in hyperbola Radon transform domains is deleted by threshold value control methods；
Specifically, in hyperbola Radon transform domains, with reference to figure 4, deletes hyperbola Radon by threshold value control methods and become
The linear segment (i.e. common offset reflected waveform data) in domain is changed, hyperbola branch (i.e. initial common offset diffracted wave is obtained
Data).
S303, hyperbola is carried out to the data after deletion common offset reflected waveform data in hyperbola Radon transform domains
Radon inverse transformations obtain common offset diffracted wave data.
Specifically, after deleting common offset reflected waveform data in hyperbola Radon transform domains, to remaining data
Hyperbola Radon inverse transformations are carried out, what is obtained is common offset diffracted wave data, the process ginseng of hyperbola Radon inverse transformations
Examine following formula：
Wherein, N is hyperbolic transformation domain coordinate points number, and M is the orthogonal polynomial exponent number used, and m (τ, q) is that high-fidelity is double
The numerical value of Curve Radon transform domain, pj(x) it is orthogonal polynomial about variable x, for the earthquake diffraction on hyperbola of fit
Wave-amplitude value, d (t, x) are common offset diffracted wave data.
In addition, common offset diffracted wave data d (t, x) includes time and location parameter, in addition, further including diffraction amplitude
Value.
Further, with reference to figure 5, the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of extraction common offset diffracted wave data, and by amplitude
Composition is imaged vector：
S501, migration velocity file is obtained, wherein migration velocity file is used to indicate seismic wave in the default underground space
Spread speed；
Specifically, migration velocity file is handled to obtain by seismic data by migration velocity analysis；Wherein, above-mentioned
Migration velocity file corresponds to formation velocity parameter, is by earthquake when for calculating seimic wave propagation travelling (i.e. time)
Wave number is according to progress migration velocity analysis acquisition；And above-mentioned migration velocity analysis is a kind of velocity modeling technology, the velocity modeling skill
Art determines speed parameter by analyzing the seismic wave focusing in seismic acquisition data, that is, obtains the migration velocity text of seismic wave
Part.
S502, according to common offset diffracted wave data and migration velocity file, calculate common offset diffracted wave data by big gun
When walking information of the point position through imaging point position in the default underground space to geophone station position；
Specifically, in calculating the shot position to the default underground space of the seismic wave of the common offset diffracted wave data first
Imaging point position it is corresponding walk when while walking (following when walking in order to distinguish, referred to herein as first)；Then, then default underground is calculated
(claim herein when the diffracted wave of imaging point position to the geophone station position of the seismic wave of the common offset diffracted wave data is walked in space
When being walked for second)；Finally, it is added when being walked with second when above-mentioned first being walked and can be obtained common offset diffracted wave data by shot point
When walking information of the position through imaging point position in the default underground space to geophone station position is (bent when i.e. common offset diffracted wave is walked
Line).
Information when S503, basis are walked, the room and time of information when corresponding to from common offset diffracted wave extracting data
The amplitude of the common offset diffracted wave data of position, and using amplitude as the imaging of common offset diffracted wave data vector.
Specifically, according to information when walking (i.e. common offset diffracted wave travel time curve), from common offset diffracted wave data
The amplitude of the common offset diffracted wave data of the room and time position of information when extraction corresponds to, that is, extraction meet to walk
When curvilinear equation common offset diffracted wave data amplitude, and using amplitude as the imaging of common offset diffracted wave data
Vector, wherein information is the relation curve of time and position when walking.
Further, the quantity of diffraction amplitude value is multiple, with reference to figure 6, imaging vector is carried out imaging, is obtained
Diffracted wave imaging results include：
S601, the first quantity for determining first kind amplitude in imaging vector, and determine that the second class is shaken in imaging vector
Second quantity of amplitude, wherein first kind amplitude is the amplitude more than zero, and the second class amplitude is minus amplitude
Value；
Specifically, after establishing coordinate, due to the amplitude of common offset diffracted wave data have just have it is negative, therefore, it is necessary to
It is identified as the quantity as all kinds of amplitudes in vector.In embodiments of the present invention, first kind amplitude is shaking more than zero
Amplitude, the second class amplitude are minus amplitude；The above process is identified as first kind amplitude in vector
First quantity, and determine the second quantity of the second class amplitude in imaging vector.
S602, judge whether the first quantity and the ratio of the second quantity are in default value range；Wherein, if it is determined that
The ratio for going out the first quantity and the second quantity is in default value range, then following step S603 and step S604 is executed,
If it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is not in default value range, then following step S605 is executed,
Specifically, assuming that above-mentioned preset range is 0.8 to 1.25, then judging that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is
It is no as to judge the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity whether in the range of 0.8 to 1.25 in default value range,
Namely judge more than 0 amplitude number with less than 0 amplitude number whether approximately equal.
In addition, above-mentioned preset range can be adjusted according to actual needs, the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited it.
S603, if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is in default value range, then by the first kind
Amplitude negates, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
Specifically, if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is in default value range, i.e. the first quantity
Ratio with the second quantity is approximate with the amplitude number for being less than 0 between 0.8 to 1.25, that is, more than 0 amplitude number
When equal, first kind amplitude is negated and (negated the symbol of first kind amplitude), so that it becomes minus amplitude；
Alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated and (is negated the symbol of the second class amplitude), so that it becomes the amplitude more than zero；This
Sample most amplitudes of the inverted just have unified symbol.
S604, calculate first kind amplitude and after negating the second class amplitude and value, alternatively, after calculating negates
First kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and imaging results will be used as with value.
Specifically, first kind amplitude (amplitude for being more than zero) is added with the second class amplitude after negating,
Obtain and value is as imaging results；Alternatively, the first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude after negating are (i.e. minus
Amplitude) it is added, obtain and value is as imaging results；This avoid the loss of diffraction wave energy, good imaging qualities.
S605, if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is not in default value range, then calculate the
A kind of amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and imaging results will be used as with value.
Specifically, if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is not in default value range, i.e., more than 0
Amplitude number with less than 0 amplitude number difference it is larger when, can directly calculate first kind amplitude and the second class is shaken
Amplitude and value, and will with value be used as imaging results.
In the imaging method of above-mentioned diffracted wave, step S301 to step S303, step S501 to step S503 and step
S601 to step S605 is completed by code programming.
In addition, for hyperbola Radon transformation separation common offset diffracted wave data, when direct along conversion curve
When being summed, common offset diffraction wave energy can be offset significantly, and reason is the amplitude edge of common offset diffracted wave data
It conversion curve and will appear antiphase feature, is i.e. the amplitude of common offset diffracted wave data is equal in steady phase point both sides absolute value
Symbol is opposite；
The imaging method of diffracted wave proposed by the present invention can solve the problems, such as energy loss during diffracted wave separate imaging,
The cophase stacking that common offset diffraction amplitude value can be achieved in imaging process, improves diffracted wave image quality, reaches
It is accurately positioned the purpose of discontinuous heterogeneous body, there is significant application value in the diaster prevention and control of coalfield.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of imaging device 1 of diffracted wave, and with reference to figure 7, which includes：
Acquisition module 11, for obtaining earthquake common offset data, wherein earthquake common offset data include：Offset altogether
Away from reflected waveform data, common offset diffracted wave data；
Separation processing modules 12 obtain total offset for carrying out separating treatment to earthquake common offset data after separation
Away from diffracted wave data；
Extraction module 13, for extracting the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of common offset diffracted wave data, and by amplitude group
At imaging vector；
Imaging module 14 carries out imaging for that will be imaged vector, obtains diffracted wave imaging results.
The quantity of diffraction amplitude value is multiple, and imaging module 14 includes：
Determination sub-module 141, for determine imaging vector in first kind amplitude the first quantity, and determine imaging to
Second quantity of the second class amplitude in amount, wherein first kind amplitude is the amplitude more than zero, and the second class amplitude is small
In zero amplitude；
Judging submodule 142, whether the ratio for judging the first quantity with the second quantity is in default value range；
Submodule 143 is negated, is used for if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is in default value range
It is interior, then first kind amplitude is negated, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
First computational submodule 144, for calculate first kind amplitude and after negating the second class amplitude and value, or
Person, calculate first kind amplitude after negating and the second class amplitude and value, and will be with value as imaging results.
Imaging module 14 further includes：
Second computational submodule 145, if it is judged that the ratio of the first quantity and the second quantity is not in default value model
In enclosing, for calculate first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and will be with value as imaging results.
Acquisition module 11 includes：
Submodule 111 is acquired, for acquiring the seismic data in the default underground space, wherein seismic data carries
There is geological information, it is the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature to preset the underground space；
Pretreatment submodule 112 obtains earthquake common offset data for being pre-processed to seismic data, wherein
Pretreatment includes at least：Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, sorting in seismic data for choosing offset
Away from identical data.
Separation processing modules 12 include：
Hyperbola Radon transformation submodules 121 are obtained for carrying out hyperbola Radon transformation to earthquake common offset data
To the hyperbola Radon transform domains of high-fidelity；
Submodule 122 is deleted, for deleting the common offset reflection in hyperbola Radon transform domains by threshold value control methods
Wave number evidence；
Hyperbola Radon inverse transformations submodule 123, for deleting common offset reflection in hyperbola Radon transform domains
Data of the wave number after carry out hyperbola Radon inverse transformations, obtain common offset diffracted wave data.
Extraction module 13, including：
Acquisition submodule 131, for obtaining migration velocity file, wherein migration velocity file is used to indicate seismic wave and exists
Spread speed in the default underground space；
Third computational submodule 132, for according to common offset diffracted wave data and migration velocity file, calculating offset altogether
Away from diffracted wave data by when walking information of the shot position through imaging point position in the default underground space to geophone station position；
Extracting sub-module 133, information when being walked for basis, information when corresponding to from common offset diffracted wave extracting data
Room and time position common offset diffracted wave data amplitude, and using amplitude as common offset diffracted wave data
Imaging vector.
The imaging device 1 for the diffracted wave that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, including store the computer-readable of program code
Storage medium, the instruction that said program code includes can be used for executing the method described in previous methods embodiment, specific implementation
Embodiment of the method is can be found in, details are not described herein.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the device of foregoing description
Specific work process, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, details are not described herein.
In addition, in the description of the embodiment of the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection；It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
It, can be with if the function is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and when sold or used as an independent product
It is stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on this understanding, technical scheme of the present invention is substantially in other words
The part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be expressed in the form of software products, the meter
Calculation machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment (can be
People's computer, server or network equipment etc.) it performs all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present invention.
And storage medium above-mentioned includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited
The various media that can store program code such as reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for the description present invention and simplify description, do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation,
With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for description purposes only, and is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
Finally it should be noted that：Embodiment described above, only specific implementation mode of the invention, to illustrate the present invention
Technical solution, rather than its limitations, scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, although with reference to the foregoing embodiments to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Any one skilled in the art
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, it can still modify to the technical solution recorded in previous embodiment or can be light
It is readily conceivable that variation or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modifications, variation or replacement, do not make
The essence of corresponding technical solution is detached from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, should all cover the protection in the present invention
Within the scope of.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of imaging method of diffracted wave, which is characterized in that including：
Obtain earthquake common offset data, wherein the earthquake common offset data include：Common offset reflected waveform data is total to
Offset distance diffracted wave data；
Separating treatment is carried out to the earthquake common offset data, the common offset diffracted wave data are obtained after separation；
The corresponding diffraction amplitude value of the common offset diffracted wave data is extracted, and the amplitude is formed into imaging vector,
Wherein, the quantity of the diffraction amplitude value is multiple；
Imaging vector is subjected to imaging, obtains diffracted wave imaging results；
Described that imaging vector is carried out imaging, obtaining diffracted wave imaging results includes：
It determines the first quantity of first kind amplitude in the imaging vector, and determines the second class amplitude in the imaging vector
Second quantity of value, wherein the first kind amplitude is the amplitude more than zero, and the second class amplitude is minus
Amplitude；
Judge whether first quantity and the ratio of second quantity are in default value range；
If it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is in the default value range, then it will be described
First kind amplitude negates, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
Calculate the first kind amplitude and after negating the second class amplitude and value, alternatively, after calculating negates
The first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and regard described and value as the imaging results.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described by the imaging vector carry out imaging, obtain
Diffracted wave imaging results further include：
If it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is not in the default value range, then calculate
The first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and regard described and value as the imaging results.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the acquisition earthquake common offset data include：
The seismic data in the underground space is preset in acquisition, wherein the seismic data carries geological information, described default
The underground space is the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature；
The seismic data is pre-processed, the earthquake common offset data are obtained, wherein the pretreatment is at least wrapped
It includes：Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, the sorting in the seismic data for choosing offset distance phase
Same data.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carry out at separation the earthquake common offset data
Reason, obtaining the common offset diffracted wave data after separation includes：
Hyperbola Radon transformation is carried out to the earthquake common offset data, obtains the hyperbola Radon transform domains of high-fidelity；
The common offset reflected waveform data in the hyperbola Radon transform domains is deleted by threshold value control methods；
Hyperbola is carried out to deleting the data after the common offset reflected waveform data in the hyperbola Radon transform domains
Radon inverse transformations obtain the common offset diffracted wave data.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the extraction common offset diffracted wave data are corresponding
Diffraction amplitude value, and the amplitude is formed into imaging vector and includes：
Obtain migration velocity file, wherein the migration velocity file is used to indicate seismic wave in the default underground space
Spread speed；
According to the common offset diffracted wave data and the migration velocity file, calculate the common offset diffracted wave data by
When walking information of the shot position through imaging point position in the default underground space to geophone station position；
According to it is described walk when information, from the common offset diffracted wave extracting data correspond to described in walk when information space and when
Between position the common offset diffracted wave data amplitude, and using the amplitude as the common offset diffraction wave number
According to imaging vector.
6. a kind of imaging device of diffracted wave, which is characterized in that described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtaining earthquake common offset data, wherein the earthquake common offset data include：Common offset
Reflected waveform data, common offset diffracted wave data；
Separation processing modules obtain described inclined altogether for carrying out separating treatment to the earthquake common offset data after separation
It moves away from diffracted wave data；
Extraction module, for extracting the corresponding diffraction amplitude value of the common offset diffracted wave data, and by the amplitude
Composition imaging vector, wherein the quantity of the diffraction amplitude value is multiple；
Imaging module obtains diffracted wave imaging results for imaging vector to be carried out imaging；
The imaging module includes：
Determination sub-module, the first quantity for determining first kind amplitude in the imaging vector, and determine the imaging
Second quantity of the second class amplitude in vector, wherein the first kind amplitude is the amplitude more than zero, second class
Amplitude is minus amplitude；
Judging submodule, whether the ratio for judging first quantity with second quantity is in default value range
It is interior；
Submodule is negated, is used for if it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is in the default value
In range, then the first kind amplitude is negated, alternatively, the second class amplitude is negated；
First computational submodule, for calculate the first kind amplitude and after negating the second class amplitude and value,
Alternatively, calculate the first kind amplitude after negating and the second class amplitude and value, and will be described and it be worth conduct
The imaging results.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the imaging module further includes：
Second computational submodule takes if it is judged that the ratio of first quantity and second quantity is not in described preset
Be worth in range, for calculate the first kind amplitude and the second class amplitude and value, and will described and value as institute
State imaging results.
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the acquisition module includes：
Submodule is acquired, for acquiring the seismic data in the default underground space, wherein the seismic data carries ground
Matter information, the default underground space are the underground space with non-homogeneous discontinuously plastid feature；
Submodule is pre-processed, for being pre-processed to the seismic data, obtains the earthquake common offset data,
In, the pretreatment includes at least：Data, removal noise, static correction and sorting are loaded, the sorting is in the seismic wave
The identical data of offset distance are chosen in data.
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| CN110824559B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-07-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for generating co-coordinate point gather and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN111929729B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-04-06 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Diffracted wave imaging method and device and electronic equipment |
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