CN106772471B - A kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU - Google Patents

A kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU Download PDF

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CN106772471B
CN106772471B CN201611006729.5A CN201611006729A CN106772471B CN 106772471 B CN106772471 B CN 106772471B CN 201611006729 A CN201611006729 A CN 201611006729A CN 106772471 B CN106772471 B CN 106772471B
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long code
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CN106772471A (en
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牟卫华
唐小妹
马春江
欧钢
王飞雪
孙广富
倪少杰
高毅
李壮
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Hunan Zhongdian Xinghe Electronics Co ltd
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/24Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/29Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system carrier including Doppler, related
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/24Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/30Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system code related

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

A large amount of code phase search problems when for long period pseudo-code Direct Acquisition, the present invention proposes a kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU, input data is segmented and is divided, reduce the scale and memory requirement of data processing, the GPU for adapting to different performance is realized, multi-core processor is conducive to the division of data simultaneously, parallel task processing is carried out to data, the parallel processing advantage of multicore can be given full play to.Long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU, utilize FFT parallel search pseudo-code phase, accelerate FFT operation using FPU Float Point Unit batch processing segment data hundreds of in GPU, long code pseudo-code phase acquisition speed is improved, is had great significance to the reception of satellite navigation spread-spectrum signal software.

Description

A kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of satellite navigation, the especially method of long period Pseudo Code Spread Spectrum signal capture, more specifically Ground is related to a kind of long code Direct Acquisition Methods based on GPU.
Background technique
Long period Pseudo Code Spread Spectrum signal interference free performance is stronger compared to short code, under the conditions of short code is disturbed, can only rely on The Direct Acquisition of long code, therefore long code Direct Acquisition technology is a research hotspot of navigation field.Pseudo Code Spread Spectrum signal capture Stage, which needs to search for, determines that pseudo-code phase and Doppler's initial value, long code Direct Acquisition need the code phase uncertain region searched for It is bigger compared to short code, usually the 10 of short code search range3~104Times, therefore how fast search determines pseudo-code phase, is it The middle critical issue for needing to solve.
There is a large amount of FPU Float Point Unit in GPU, by utilizing hundreds of processor core, GPU calculates the speed of FFT Degree can promote 10 times.In recent years, the general-purpose computations technology based on GPU started to be applied to engineering calculation field, associated specialist and ground Study carefully mechanism and part research has been carried out in the application that navigation signal receives field to GPU general-purpose computations, the capture based on GPU is studied It is concentrated mainly in short code capture analysis, yet there are no associated materials and the long Code acquisition based on GPU is studied.
Summary of the invention
A large amount of code phase search problems, the present invention propose a kind of length based on GPU when for long period pseudo-code Direct Acquisition Code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method.
Long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU, process such as Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
Step S1 extracts long code and generates local reference signal sequence;
According to local zone time t0, take [t0 t0+ t] duration period be t long code data, according to sample rate fsIt generates Local reference signal sequence p (n), p (n) are { p (0) p (1) ... p (tfs)};
Step S2 input signal removes carrier wave;
With sample rate fsInput signal is sampled, the input signal of (T+t) second is acquired, wherein T is preset pseudo-code Uncertain time range is searched for, generates input signal complex signal sequence s (n) after removing carrier wave, s (n) is { s (0) s (1) ... s [(T+t)fs]}。
Step S3 distributes data space, transmits data to GPU equipment end;
It is that input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) distribution storage is empty in GPU equipment end Between, using cudaMemcpy () function by input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) by host End copies GPU equipment end to;
The segmentation of step S4 input signal complex signal overlapping sequences divides, local reference signal sequence zero padding extension;
Input signal complex signal Sequence Overlapping Fragment is divided, m sequence s is obtainedi(n) i=0,1 ..., (m- 1) local reference signal sequence p (n), is supplemented into Tfs/ m 0, obtain sequence p0m(n);
Step S5 creates Fourier transformation plan;
Function cufftPlan1d (), cufftPlanMany () is called to create Fourier transformation plan;
Step S6 batch processing calculates signal sequence Fourier transformation;
It calls function cufftExecC2C (), cufftExecR2C (), batch processing calculates the m sequence s that segmentation dividesi (n) Fourier transformation sequence Si(k) and sequence p0m(n) Fourier transformation sequence P0m(k);
Step S7 frequency domain is conjugated multiplication;
The node-by-node algorithm S in GPUi(k) and P0m(k) conjugate product obtains sequence Yim(k);
Step S8 obtains multistage sequence of correlation values against FFT, and entire sequence of correlation values is obtained after splicing;
Function cufftExecC2C () is called to calculate Yim(k) inverse FFT obtains m circulation correlated series yim(n), it intercepts The preceding Tf of each correlated seriess/ m value yi(n), the sequence of correlation values r (n) within the scope of entire uncertain time is obtained after splicing;
Step S9 calculates sequence of correlation values modulus value;
The modulus value of node-by-node algorithm sequence of correlation values r (n), obtains modulus value sequence M (n) in GPU;
Step S10 signal detection;
The maximum value for searching for M (n) judges whether to be more than detection threshold, and determines code phase values td
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A large amount of code phase search problems when for long period pseudo-code Direct Acquisition, the invention proposes a kind of based on GPU's Long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method, by input signal sequence segment processing, the search process of each segment signal sequence Process uses the long code part correlation Direct Acquisition Methods based on GPU, each segment signal sequence search parallel batching.To input number It is divided according to segmentation, reduces the scale and memory requirement of data processing, the GPU for adapting to different performance is realized, the division to data Be conducive to multi-core processor simultaneously and parallel task processing is carried out to data, the parallel processing advantage of multicore can be given full play to.Base In the long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method of GPU, carried out parallel using FPU Float Point Unit hundreds of in GPU FFT operation improves long code pseudo-code phase acquisition speed, has great significance to the reception of satellite navigation spread-spectrum signal software.
The method of the present invention is used in combination with the methods of average search method, XFAST can be further improved search speed.The party Method improves the real-time of long code Direct Acquisition, realizes the long code direct time-domain capture based on GPU, realizes compared in FPGA Method, modification is flexible and convenient, can be widely applied to signal monitoring receive, the long code Direct Acquisition of central station signal processing.
, can be in the more frequency cells of frequency domain search based on GPU with further enhancing for GPU operational capability, it can The noncoherent accumulation of longer time is carried out, so as to handle the signal of more Larger Dynamic, more low signal-to-noise ratio, improves system treatability It can index.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method flow chart provided by the invention based on GPU;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention provides input signal division methods schematic diagram in long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method;
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention Formula is described in further detail.
For long period pseudo-code, by taking GPS P code as an example, PN-code capture is 7 days, the pseudo-code within the entire capture processing period It does not repeat, the related operation of entire PN-code capture cannot be carried out as short code.
First according to local zone time t0, take [t0 t0+ t] duration period be t long code data, generate sample rate be fs, the duration be t local reference signal sequence p (n), p (n) be { p (0) p (1) ... p (tfs)}.By local with reference to letter Number sequence p (n) supplements TfsA 0, obtain p0(n), i.e.,
Remember that pseudo- bit rate is fp, with sample rate fs(fs> 2fp) input signal is sampled, acquire the input of (T+t) second Signal, wherein T is uncertain time range, and the input signal complex signal sequence after removing carrier wave is s (n), and s (n) is { s (0) s (1) … s[(T+t)fs]}.In entire phase space to be searched, Tf is sharedsA possible pseudo-code phase value.S (n) and p0 (n) sequence of correlation values r (n) is calculated such as formula (2):
Wherein n=0,1 ... TfS, i is an intermediate variable, from 0 to (T+t) fsNatural number.
In order to accelerate the speed of relevant search, sequence of correlation values r (n) is calculated using FFT.Short cycle PN-code spread-spectrum signal is used When FFT method calculates correlation, due to the period repeatability of pseudo-code, the relevant search within the processing period is the related fortune of circulation It calculates, can directly apply fft algorithm.Long period Pseudo Code Spread Spectrum signal pseudo-code within the processing period does not repeat, signal relevant search Process is the linearly related operation of input signal and local signal, could apply fft algorithm after needing to be converted to circulation correlation.It will The period of s (n) expands sequence and is denoted asp0(n) period expands sequence and is denoted asThen s (n) and p0(n) circulation phase Close sequences yT+t(n) it calculates such as formula (3):
Wherein RT+tIt (n) is rectangle sequence, it is (T+t) f that expression, which takes length,sMain value sequence.
The discrete Fourier transform for remembering s (n) is S (k), p0(n) discrete Fourier transform is P0(k), yT+t(n) discrete Fourier transformation is YT+t(k), by (3) Shi Ke get
Take inverse FFT that can obtain the result of frequency-domain calculations
yT+t(n)=IFFT [YT+t(k)] (5)
Take circulation correlated series yT+t(n) preceding Tfs+ 1 value, gives up rear tfsIt is a to be worth to get uncertain time range T is arrived Interior sequence of correlation values r (n).
It, can be by input signal sequence segment processing, the search of each segment signal sequence if input signal sequence is longer Treatment process is all made of the above-mentioned long code part correlation Direct Acquisition Methods based on GPU, and each segment signal search process process can It is carried out parallel using multi-core processor, the division of input signal sequence is as shown in Figure 2.
Input signal sequence is divided into m sections, each section of sequence time duration is T/m+t, overlapping sequences time and local The reference signal sequence duration is identical, is t.Then each subsequence si(n) are as follows:
{s(iTfs/m),s(iTfs/m+1),…,s[(i+1)Tfs/m+tfs] wherein i=0,1 ..., (m-1)
Sequence p (n) is supplemented into Tfs/ m 0, obtain p0m(n), using the local correlation code phase space search of above-mentioned derivation Method calculates si(n) and p0m(n) correlation subsequence yi(n):
{y(iTfs/m),y(iTfs/m+1),…,y[(i+1)Tfs/m]}
All yi(n) the sequence of correlation values r (n) within the scope of entire uncertain time can be obtained after splicing.
There is hundreds of floating point processor, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) library cuFFT makes full use of a large amount of place in GPU It manages device resource and carries out FFT operation, in cuFFT function library, FFT transform function can data different to the multiple groups of input simultaneously FFT transform batch operation is carried out, long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method may be implemented accordingly.
The invention proposes a kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU, process such as Fig. 1, packet Include following steps:
Step S1 extracts long code and generates local reference signal sequence;
According to local zone time t0, take [t0 t0+ t] duration period be t long code data, according to sample rate fsIt generates Local reference signal sequence p (n), p (n) are { p (0) p (1) ... p (tfs)};
Step S2 input signal removes carrier wave;
With sample rate fsInput signal is sampled, the input signal of (T+t) second is acquired, wherein T is preset pseudo-code Uncertain time range is searched for, generates input signal complex signal sequence s (n) after removing carrier wave, s (n) is { s (0) s (1) ... s [(T+t)fs]}。
Step S3 distributes data space, transmits data to GPU equipment end;
It is that input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) distribution storage is empty in GPU equipment end Between, using cudaMemcpy () function by input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) by host End copies GPU equipment end to;
The segmentation of step S4 input signal complex signal overlapping sequences divides, local reference signal sequence zero padding extension;
Input signal complex signal Sequence Overlapping Fragment is divided, m sequence s is obtainedi(n) i=0,1 ..., (m-1), Local reference signal sequence p (n) is supplemented into Tfs/ m 0, obtain sequence p0m(n);
Step S5 creates Fourier transformation plan;
Function cufftPlan1d (), cufftPlanMany () is called to create Fourier transformation plan;
Step S6 batch processing calculates signal sequence Fourier transformation;
It calls function cufftExecC2C (), cufftExecR2C (), batch processing calculates the m sequence s that segmentation dividesi (n) Fourier transformation sequence Si(k) and sequence p0m(n) Fourier transformation sequence P0m(k);
Step S7 frequency domain is conjugated multiplication;
The node-by-node algorithm S in GPUi(k) and P0m(k) conjugate product obtains sequence Yim(k);
Step S8 obtains multistage sequence of correlation values against FFT, and entire sequence of correlation values is obtained after splicing;
Function cufftExecC2C () is called to calculate Yim(k) inverse FFT obtains m circulation correlated series yim(n), it intercepts The preceding Tf of each correlated seriess/ m value yi(n), the sequence of correlation values r (n) within the scope of entire uncertain time is obtained after splicing;
Step S9 calculates sequence of correlation values modulus value;
The modulus value of node-by-node algorithm sequence of correlation values r (n), obtains modulus value sequence M (n) in GPU;
Step S10 signal detection;
The maximum value for searching for M (n) judges whether to be more than detection threshold, and determines code phase values td
It is assumed that false-alarm probability Pfa=10-8, then by formula (6)
σ in formulanFor noise mean square root value, decision threshold V is obtainedtFor 6.07 σn, thus calculate need minimum signal-to-noise ratio S/ N is 12.7dB.Carrier-to-noise ratio C/N0With Between Signal To Noise Ratio such as formula (7):
C/N0=S/N-10logT (7)
T indicates coherent integration time in formula.
When there are Doppler error feWhen, dependent loss L is calculated to obtain by formula (8):
L=20log [sinc (π feT)] (8)
By formula (7) and formula (8), as input signal C/N0When > 55.7dBHz, local reference signal sequence time duration t 0.05ms is taken, in Doppler spread [- 5kHz, 5kHz], dependent loss is no more than 1dB.It is searched for and is determined using the method for the present invention After pseudo-code phase, a set of segmentation sequence of correlation values is recycled to carry out Doppler-frequency estimation, in order to improve the accurate of Frequency Estimation Degree will be segmented sequence of correlation values trailing zero, estimate signal Doppler's initial value to the transformation of zero padding sequence FFT.Work as input signal C/N0When > 42.7dBHz, local reference signal sequence time duration t takes 1ms, at Doppler spread [- 250Hz, 250Hz] Interior, dependent loss is no more than 1dB, in order to cover entire Doppler's uncertain region, needs to incite somebody to action this using the method for frequency domain displacement Successively shift compensation searches for Doppler, 21 Doppler's slots of repeat search, to complete long code to ground zero padding sequence Doppler-shift Time-frequency two-dimensional search.
Contain the explanation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention above, this be for the technical characteristic that the present invention will be described in detail, and Be not intended to for summary of the invention being limited in concrete form described in embodiment, according to the present invention content purport carry out other Modifications and variations are also protected by this patent.The purport of the content of present invention is to be defined by the claims, rather than by embodiment Specific descriptions are defined.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of long code segmentation overlay local correlation catching method based on GPU, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1 extracts long code and generates local reference signal sequence;
According to local zone time t0, take [t0t0+ t] duration period be t long code data, according to sample rate fsGenerate local ginseng Signal sequence p (n) is examined, p (n) is { p (0) p (1) ... p (tfs)};
Step S2 input signal removes carrier wave;
With sample rate fsInput signal is sampled, the input signal of (T+t) second is acquired, wherein T is that preset pseudo-code is searched for not It determines time range, generates input signal complex signal sequence s (n) after removing carrier wave, s (n) is { s (0) s (1) ... s [(T+t) fs]};
Step S3 distributes data space, transmits data to GPU equipment end;
It is that input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) distributes memory space in GPU equipment end, makes Input signal complex signal sequence s (n) and local reference signal sequence p (n) are copied by host side with cudaMemcpy () function To GPU equipment end;
The segmentation of step S4 input signal complex signal overlapping sequences divides, local reference signal sequence zero padding extension;
Input signal complex signal Sequence Overlapping Fragment is divided, m sequence s is obtainedi(n) i=0,1 ..., (m-1) incite somebody to action this Ground reference signal sequence p (n) supplements Tfs/ m 0, obtain sequence p0m(n);
Step S5 creates Fourier transformation plan;
Function cufftPlan1d (), cufftPlanMany () is called to create Fourier transformation plan;
Step S6 batch processing calculates signal sequence Fourier transformation;
It calls function cufftExecC2C (), cufftExecR2C (), batch processing calculates the m sequence s that segmentation dividesi(n) Fourier transformation sequence Si(k) and sequence p0m(n) Fourier transformation sequence P0m(k);
Step S7 frequency domain is conjugated multiplication;
The node-by-node algorithm S in GPUi(k) and P0m(k) conjugate product obtains sequence Yim(k);
Step S8 obtains multistage sequence of correlation values against FFT, and entire sequence of correlation values is obtained after splicing;
Function cufftExecC2C () is called to calculate Yim(k) inverse FFT obtains m circulation correlated series yim(n), interception is each The preceding Tf of correlated seriess/ m value yi(n), the sequence of correlation values r (n) within the scope of entire uncertain time is obtained after splicing;
Step S9 calculates sequence of correlation values modulus value;
The modulus value of node-by-node algorithm sequence of correlation values r (n), obtains modulus value sequence M (n) in GPU;
Step S10 signal detection;
The maximum value for searching for M (n) judges whether to be more than detection threshold, and determines code phase values td
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