CN106772009A - Breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform - Google Patents

Breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform Download PDF

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CN106772009A
CN106772009A CN201611220133.5A CN201611220133A CN106772009A CN 106772009 A CN106772009 A CN 106772009A CN 201611220133 A CN201611220133 A CN 201611220133A CN 106772009 A CN106772009 A CN 106772009A
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breaker
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moment point
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CN106772009B (en
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马智
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XINJIANG TIANCHENG LUYUAN ELECTRIC ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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XINJIANG TIANCHENG LUYUAN ELECTRIC ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers

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Abstract

It is a kind of breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform the present invention relates to breaker defect analysis technical field, comprises the following steps:The first step, obtains the electric current and voltage waveform data of circuit-breaker switching on-off coil, and data are filtered, and obtains data;Second step, to filtered data derivation;Whether the 3rd step obtains all characteristics according to derivation result judgement;4th step, all of characteristic is compared with reference waveform data;5th step, the significant condition of current breaker is obtained by expert system combination fuzzy diagnosis method.The present invention is analyzed the characteristic point and characteristic information of coil electromagnetism iron operation using the current waveform of coil divide-shut brake, the characteristic informations such as actuation time, coil current size, the responsiveness in electromagnet each stage can be quickly and accurately analyzed from breaker coil electric current, for later stage breaker mechanical accident analysis provides effective data supporting.

Description

Breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform
Technical field
It is a kind of breaker based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform the present invention relates to breaker defect analysis technical field Mechanical Characteristic method.
Background technology
According to statistics, 60% to 70% breaker defect or failure are caused by operating mechanism.At present to breaker machine The inspection of tool characteristic also relies primarily on and manually carry out regular or irregularly patrol and examine, and the analytical instrument unitary function for being used is right The treatment of sophisticated signal or strong jamming background is helpless, and the account of the history to breaker division winding waveform whole service does not all have There is comparative analysis.
With the raising that client is required Power System Reliability, require is carried out online at present to breaker mechanism state Monitoring, can in time find fault signature, one-step prediction of going forward side by side problem that may be present ensures the stabilization fortune of power system with this OK.Because breaker producer model is numerous, corresponding divide-shut brake coil current waveform is also not quite similar, using single data Analysis method comprehensive and accurate cannot cover all breakers, will have influence on the accuracy of accident analysis.Current winding waveform Analysis is all to be analyzed judgement based on existing single waveform, it is impossible to predict the following possible fault message of breaker.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform, overcome The deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, its can effectively solve prior art be unable to Accurate Analysis have breaker mechanism presence failure and The problem of the fault message that unpredictable breaker future is likely to occur.
The technical scheme is that realized by following measures:Breaker based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform Mechanical Characteristic method, comprises the following steps:
The first step, obtains breaker point, the electric current of closing coil, voltage waveform data, and data are filtered, and removes Noise and other interference informations, obtain the data closest to actual value, afterwards into second step;
Data after derivation, to filtered data derivation, are analyzed, if first-order derivative cannot by second step All electromagnet motion process characteristics are obtained, then carries out secondary derivation, afterwards into the 3rd step;
3rd step, the result to second derivative is analyzed, and determines whether to obtain all spies in electromagnet motion process Data are levied, if not having, into the 5th step, if obtaining all of characteristic in electromagnet motion process, into next step;
4th step, according to the data error scope that GB sets, all of characteristic is carried out with reference waveform data Compare, afterwards into the 5th step;
5th step, the significant condition of current breaker is obtained by fuzzy diagnosis method, due to the polytropy of site problems, is adopted With the analysis method of expert system combination fuzzy diagnosis;The fuzzy diagnosis method is corresponded to by failure cause collection and by failure cause collection Failure symptom collection infer and be out of order fuzzy relation matrix, carried out with the method that threshold value principle is combined using maximum subjection principle Breakdown judge:
Failure cause collection:Y=[y1,y2...,yn]T (1)
Failure symptom collection:X=[x1,x2...,xm]T (2)
Wherein 0≤rij≤ 1,1≤i≤m, 1≤j≤n, terminate afterwards.
Here is the further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme:
It is above-mentioned that adaptive digital filtering is carried out to original waveform data in the first step, removed by the filtering algorithm and made an uproar Acoustic jamming, obtains optimum waveform data, and filtering algorithm formula is as follows;
A in formulai, biIt is filter coefficient, x (n) is current data, and y (n) is filtered data.
It is above-mentioned in second step, according to equivalent circuit, derive the change of electric current in divide-shut brake process coil, calculating process Shown in equation below:
Wherein, R is equivalent resistance, and L is equivalent inductance not in the same time, and i is equivalent current not in the same time, and U is coil Direct voltage;The characteristic information of coil can be gone out with analytical calculation further according to curent change curve;
Filtered data are carried out with stationary point, flex point analysis, electricity in coil can be obtained by the analysis in stationary point, flex point Each characteristic information of magnet, formula is as follows:
Wherein, if point f (x) is initial data, f ' (x) stationary points data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula;If a point f (x) is Stationary point data, f ' (x) flex point data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula.
It is above-mentioned characteristic is compared with reference waveform data in the 4th step, comprise the following steps:
(1) with waveform data points as original value, the derivative between calculating per adjacent 2 points;
(2) according to the data of step 1, just pushed away since 0 point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 as upper electric moment point T0, with standard T0 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(3) according to the data of step 1, retrodicted from end point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 for main contacts disconnects the moment Point T7, with standard T7 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(4) according to step 2 and the T0 of step 3, T7 moment point, with T0 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each derivative value, when Occurrence be 0 or value change from positive to bear when, as iron core initiating moment point T1, with standard T1 moment point multilevel iudges error whether In normal range (NR);
(5) with T1 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appear as 0 or value be changed into timing from negative, as Whether iron core clashes into bent plate moment point T2, with standard T2 moment point multilevel iudge errors in normal range (NR);
(6) with T7 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearing as 0, when as auxiliary contact disconnect Punctum T6, with standard T6 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(7) with T6 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when appearance is when 0 becomes a full member, as coil current is steady State moment point T5, in standard T5 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(8) with T2 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, as curved when occurring 0 or value changes from positive to negative Plate initiating moment point T3, with standard T3 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(9) with T3 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearance 0 or value are changed into timing, as iron from negative Whether core runs maximum displacement moment point T4, with normalized thyroxine moment point multilevel iudge error in normal range (NR);
(10) according to breaker T0 to T7 time of running points, analyzed by expert system and fuzzy diagnosis, you can worked as The running status of preceding breaker.
It is above-mentioned in the 5th step, the expert system include knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning And man-machine interface.
The present invention is analyzed the characteristic point and feature of coil electromagnetism iron operation using the current waveform of coil divide-shut brake Information, actuation time, the coil current that electromagnet each stage can be quickly and accurately analyzed from breaker coil electric current is big The characteristic informations such as small, responsiveness, for later stage breaker mechanical accident analysis provides effective data supporting.By with history ripple The various dimensions of graphic data are compared, and strengthen the accuracy of current breaker mechanism fault location, and prediction breaker mechanism there may be Failure risk, with remind staff strengthen take precautions against, ensure breaker safe and reliable operation.By the filter to initial data Ripple treatment, reduces the interference informations such as ambient noise, improves the quality of Wave data.In data analysis process, using flex point, The analysis method that stationary point etc. is combined, the whole historical data in combination with breaker operation is analyzed comprehensively, can be improved The accuracy of analysis and the degree of accuracy.It is the operation shape of breaker by using expert system and fuzzy matrix analysis and diagnosis method Condition provides guidance, reaches the purpose of anticipation in advance.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is method of the present invention flow.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of breaker iron core of the present invention and divide-shut brake coil.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of accompanying drawing 2.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of breaker iron core running moment point of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can technology according to the present invention scheme and actual conditions determine specifically Implementation method.
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform includes following step Suddenly:
The first step, obtains breaker point, the electric current of closing coil, voltage waveform data, and data are filtered, and removes Noise and other interference informations, obtain the data closest to actual value, afterwards into second step;
Data after derivation, to filtered data derivation, are analyzed, if first-order derivative cannot by second step All electromagnet motion process characteristics are obtained, then carries out secondary derivation, afterwards into the 3rd step;
3rd step, the result to second derivative is analyzed, and determines whether to obtain all spies in electromagnet motion process Data are levied, if not having, into the 5th step, if obtaining all of characteristic in electromagnet motion process, into next step;
4th step, according to the data error scope that GB sets, all of characteristic is carried out with reference waveform data Compare, afterwards into the 5th step;
5th step, the significant condition of current breaker is obtained by fuzzy diagnosis method, due to the polytropy of site problems, is adopted With the analysis method of expert system combination fuzzy diagnosis;The fuzzy diagnosis method is corresponded to by failure cause collection and by failure cause collection Failure symptom collection infer and be out of order fuzzy relation matrix, carried out with the method that threshold value principle is combined using maximum subjection principle Breakdown judge:
Failure cause collection:Y=[y1,y2...,yn]T (1)
Failure symptom collection:X=[x1,x2...,xm]T (2)
Wherein 0≤rij≤ 1,1≤i≤m, 1≤j≤n, terminate afterwards.
Through expert system and fuzzy matrix analyzing and diagnosing, can be with automatically derived current circuit-breaker switching on-off coil operation shape State, and provide the circuit-breaker switching on-off coil following possible fault message.Here expert system is existing known technology, knot Conjunction expert system is analyzed more accurate to breaker significant condition.The present invention is divided using the current waveform of coil divide-shut brake The characteristic point and characteristic information of coil electromagnetism iron operation are analysed, quickly and accurately electricity can be analyzed from breaker coil electric current The characteristic informations such as actuation time, coil current size, the responsiveness in magnet each stage, are later stage breaker mechanical accident analysis Effective data supporting is provided.
The above-mentioned breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform can be made according to actual needs Further optimization and/or improvements:
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4, in the first step, adaptive digital filtering is carried out to original waveform data, by this Filtering algorithm removes noise jamming, obtains optimum waveform data, and filtering algorithm formula is as follows;
A in formulai, biIt is filter coefficient, x (n) is current data, and y (n) is filtered data.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4, in second step, according to equivalent circuit, electric current in divide-shut brake process coil is derived Change, shown in calculating process equation below:
Wherein, R is equivalent resistance, and L is equivalent inductance not in the same time, and i is equivalent current not in the same time, and U is coil Direct voltage;The characteristic information of coil can be gone out with analytical calculation further according to curent change curve;
Filtered data are carried out with stationary point, flex point analysis, electricity in coil can be obtained by the analysis in stationary point, flex point Each characteristic information of magnet, formula is as follows:
Wherein, if point f (x) is initial data, f ' (x) stationary points data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula;If a point f (x) is Stationary point data, f ' (x) flex point data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula.Coil current can be completely analyzed here according to second step Waveform trace, but due to the influence of the interference signals such as background scene noise, if cannot entirely accurate point only with asking single order to lead Coil characteristic information is separated out, especially for faulty Wave data, to make analysis more accurately and rapidly judge coiled type State, present invention incorporates filtered data are carried out with stationary point, flex point analysis method, the analysis by stationary point, flex point is can be with Obtain each characteristic information of electromagnet in coil.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4, in the 4th step, characteristic is compared with reference waveform data, including with Lower step:
(1) with waveform data points as original value, the derivative between calculating per adjacent 2 points;
(2) according to the data of step 1, just pushed away since 0 point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 as upper electric moment point T0, with standard T0 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(3) according to the data of step 1, retrodicted from end point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 for main contacts disconnects the moment Point T7, with standard T7 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(4) according to step 2 and the T0 of step 3, T7 moment point, with T0 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each derivative value, when Occurrence be 0 or value change from positive to bear when, as iron core initiating moment point T1, with standard T1 moment point multilevel iudges error whether In normal range (NR);
(5) with T1 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appear as 0 or value be changed into timing from negative, as Whether iron core clashes into bent plate moment point T2, with standard T2 moment point multilevel iudge errors in normal range (NR);
(6) with T7 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearing as 0, when as auxiliary contact disconnect Punctum T6, with standard T6 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(7) with T6 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when appearance is when 0 becomes a full member, as coil current is steady State moment point T5, in standard T5 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(8) with T2 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, as curved when occurring 0 or value changes from positive to negative Plate initiating moment point T3, with standard T3 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(9) with T3 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearance 0 or value are changed into timing, as iron from negative Whether core runs maximum displacement moment point T4, with normalized thyroxine moment point multilevel iudge error in normal range (NR);
(10) according to breaker T0 to T7 time of running points, analyzed by expert system and fuzzy diagnosis, you can worked as The running status of preceding breaker.
The present invention is compared by the various dimensions with history Wave data, strengthens current breaker mechanism fault location, prediction Breaker mechanism failure risk that may be present, to remind staff to strengthen taking precautions against, ensures the safe and reliable operation of breaker. By the filtering process to initial data, the interference informations such as ambient noise are reduced, improve the quality of Wave data.In data point During analysis, the analysis method being combined using flex point, stationary point etc., the whole historical data in combination with breaker operation is carried out Analysis, can improve accuracy and the degree of accuracy of analysis comprehensively.
As needed, expert system includes knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning and man-machine boundary Face.By using expert system and fuzzy matrix analysis and diagnosis method, for the operation conditions of breaker provides guidance, reach in advance The purpose of anticipation.
Above technical characteristic constitutes embodiments of the invention, and it has stronger adaptability and implementation result, can basis The non-essential technical characteristic of increase and decrease is actually needed to meet the demand of different situations.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
The first step, obtains breaker point, the electric current of closing coil, voltage waveform data, and data are filtered, and removes noise And other interference informations, the data closest to actual value are obtained, afterwards into second step;
Data after derivation to filtered data derivation, are analyzed, if first-order derivative cannot be obtained by second step All electromagnet motion process characteristics, then secondary derivation is carried out, afterwards into the 3rd step;
3rd step, the result to second derivative is analyzed, and determines whether to obtain all characteristics in electromagnet motion process According to if not having, into the 5th step, if obtaining all of characteristic in electromagnet motion process, into next step;
4th step, according to the data error scope that GB sets, all of characteristic is compared with reference waveform data, Enter the 5th step afterwards;
5th step, the significant condition of current breaker is obtained by fuzzy diagnosis method, due to the polytropy of site problems, using special The analysis method of family's system combination fuzzy diagnosis;The fuzzy diagnosis method is by failure cause collection and by the corresponding event of failure cause collection Barrier symptom set infers the fuzzy relation matrix that is out of order, and failure is carried out with the method that threshold value principle is combined using maximum subjection principle Judge:
Failure cause collection:Y=[y1,y2...,yn]T (1)
Failure symptom collection:X=[x1,x2...,xm]T (2)
Wherein 0≤rij≤ 1,1≤i≤m, 1≤j≤n, terminate afterwards.
2. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 1, it is special Levy in being the first step, adaptive digital filtering is carried out to original waveform data, noise jamming is removed by the filtering algorithm, obtain To optimum waveform data, filtering algorithm formula is as follows;
A in formulai, biIt is filter coefficient, x (n) is current data, and y (n) is filtered data.
3. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 1 and 2, its It is characterised by second step, according to equivalent circuit, derive the change of electric current in divide-shut brake process coil, calculating process is public as follows Shown in formula:
Wherein, R is equivalent resistance, and L is equivalent inductance not in the same time, and i is equivalent current not in the same time, and U is that coil is direct Voltage;The characteristic information of coil can be gone out with analytical calculation further according to curent change curve;
Filtered data are carried out with stationary point, flex point analysis, electromagnet in coil can be obtained by the analysis in stationary point, flex point Each characteristic information, formula is as follows:
Wherein, if point f (x) is initial data, f ' (x) stationary points data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula;If point f (x) is stationary point Data, f ' (x) flex point data can be obtained using above-mentioned formula.
4. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 1 and 2, its It is characterised by the 4th step, characteristic is compared with reference waveform data, comprises the following steps:
(1) with waveform data points as original value, the derivative between calculating per adjacent 2 points;
(2) according to the data of step 1, just pushed away since 0 point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 as upper electric moment point T0, with Whether standard T0 moment point multilevel iudge errors are in normal range (NR);
(3) according to the data of step 1, retrodicted from end point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 for main contacts disconnects moment point T7, with standard T7 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(4) according to step 2 and the T0 of step 3, T7 moment point, with T0 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each derivative value, works as appearance Be worth for 0 or value change from positive to negative when, as iron core initiating moment point T1, with standard T1 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether just Normal scope;
(5) with T1 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appear as 0 or value be changed into timing, as iron core from negative Bent plate moment point T2 is clashed into, with standard T2 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(6) with T7 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when appearing as 0, as auxiliary contact disconnect moment point T6, with standard T6 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(7) with T6 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when occur when 0 becomes a full member, as coil current stable state when Punctum T5, in standard T5 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(8) with T2 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when occurring 0 or value changes from positive to negative, as bent plate begins Dynamic moment point T3, with standard T3 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(9) with T3 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearance 0 or value are changed into timing, as iron core fortune from negative Row maximum displacement moment point T4, with normalized thyroxine moment point multilevel iudge error whether in normal range (NR);
(10) according to breaker T0 to T7 time of running points, analyzed by expert system and fuzzy diagnosis, you can currently broken The running status of road device.
5. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 3, it is special Levy in being the 4th step, characteristic is compared with reference waveform data, comprise the following steps:
(1) with waveform data points as original value, the derivative between calculating per adjacent 2 points;
(2) according to the data of step 1, just pushed away since 0 point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 as upper electric moment point T0, with Whether standard T0 moment point multilevel iudge errors are in normal range (NR);
(3) according to the data of step 1, retrodicted from end point, take point of the original value more than or equal to 0 for main contacts disconnects moment point T7, with standard T7 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(4) according to step 2 and the T0 of step 3, T7 moment point, with T0 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each derivative value, works as appearance Be worth for 0 or value change from positive to negative when, as iron core initiating moment point T1, with standard T1 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether just Normal scope;
(5) with T1 as starting point, T7 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appear as 0 or value be changed into timing, as iron core from negative Bent plate moment point T2 is clashed into, with standard T2 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(6) with T7 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when appearing as 0, as auxiliary contact disconnect moment point T6, with standard T6 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(7) with T6 as starting point, T2 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when occur when 0 becomes a full member, as coil current stable state when Punctum T5, in standard T5 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(8) with T2 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, and when occurring 0 or value changes from positive to negative, as bent plate begins Dynamic moment point T3, with standard T3 moment point multilevel iudge errors whether in normal range (NR);
(9) with T3 as starting point, T5 is terminal, judges each point derivative value, when appearance 0 or value are changed into timing, as iron core fortune from negative Row maximum displacement moment point T4, with normalized thyroxine moment point multilevel iudge error whether in normal range (NR);
(10) according to breaker T0 to T7 time of running points, analyzed by expert system and fuzzy diagnosis, you can currently broken The running status of road device.
6. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 1 and 2, its It is characterised by the 5th step, the expert system includes knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning and man-machine Interface.
7. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 3, it is special Levy in being the 5th step, the expert system includes knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning and man-machine boundary Face.
8. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 4, it is special Levy in being the 5th step, the expert system includes knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning and man-machine boundary Face.
9. the breaker mechanic property analysis method based on divide-shut brake coil current waveform according to claim 5, it is special Levy in being the 5th step, the expert system includes knowledge base, data source, inference machine, consulting explanation, knowledge learning and man-machine boundary Face.
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CN111602064A (en) * 2018-03-28 2020-08-28 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 Fault diagnosis apparatus and method for circuit breaker
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CN112986810A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-06-18 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Mechanical characteristic analysis method, device and system suitable for circuit breaker and high-voltage switch

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