CN106771653B - A kind of sudden and violent real-time detection devices, systems, and methods of Rapid Radio - Google Patents
A kind of sudden and violent real-time detection devices, systems, and methods of Rapid Radio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sudden and violent real-time detection devices, systems, and methods of Rapid Radio, the sudden and violent real-time detection device of Rapid Radio includes that data acquisition is searched and storage unit and search result release quickly unit with pretreatment unit, in real time, it searches in real time and utilizes shared drive buffer technology with storage unit, multi-task parallel processing is realized in the shared of each intermodule by data, improve processing speed, achieve the effect that Rapid Radio is searched in real time cruelly, and data storage capacity is reduced, reduce equipment cost；Search result real-time release to network can be notified other scopes to carry out quick multiband tracking observation by search result release quickly unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rapid radio storm observation device, a rapid radio storm observation system and a rapid radio storm observation method, which are suitable for rapid radio storm real-time detection and related scientific research.
Background
Fast Radio Burst (FRB) is an unknown, mysterious, short and bright Radio pulse found in astronomical observations in recent years. In 2007, scientists discovered the archived data for australian pax 64 meter radio telescopes for the first time, and later 6 times. Subsequently, the 7 th case was found in the american arreli astronomical observational data. The physical mechanism of FRB, the specific sources in the universe, etc. are unknown, and the cause thereof is the hot problem of astronomical research at present. In recent years, many astronomers repeatedly process past observation data and find many FRB phenomena. In 2015, the first FRB110523 detected from linear polarization is found in archived data of a U.S. green-shore radio telescope, and has a milestone meaning, and dispersion shows that the FRB source is 10-60 hundred million years of light away from the earth. 2015-05-17 to 06-02, repeated outbreaks of FRB 121102 were observed at athe radio telescope in usa, which is the first observed repeated outbreaks of FRB, and is an important progress in FRB research, contributing to research on origin and outbreak mechanism of FRB.
FRB is a radio burst of extremely short duration (in the order of milliseconds), high flux (typically between hundreds of milli-seconds and several centroids), with polarization characteristics. Broadband signal of FRB outbreak in universeWhen the space is transmitted, the electromagnetic wave with high frequency reaches the earth first under the influence of space dust, free electrons and the like, and the pulse signal is extended or even disappeared. This is basically the same as the spatial dispersion of the pulsar signal, but the dispersion range is wider, which can be from tens to thousands of cm-3pc, because the dispersion (DM for short) parameter space is huge, for each DM parameter, the achromatic treatment and the suspected sample identification are performed, and after the DM value is roughly searched, the suspected value is finely calculated, so that the calculation amount is huge. Most of currently searched FRBs are found from previous archived data, or data are recorded firstly and then are processed off-line, so that on one hand, storage space is wasted, on the other hand, data processing is carried out for a long time, online real-time monitoring and multi-band tracking observation cannot be realized, namely once a radio wave band is found, optical, infrared or other wave bands can be informed to carry out rapid tracking observation.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a device, a system and a method for rapidly detecting a radio storm in real time, aiming at solving the problems of the prior art and better developing real-time search research and multiband tracking observation of FRB.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a real-time detection device for a rapid radio storm, which comprises: the device comprises a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a real-time searching and storing unit and a searching result quick publishing unit; the data acquisition and preprocessing unit samples and preprocesses the rapid radio storm observation signals to obtain rapid radio storm observation data; the real-time searching and storing unit processes the quick radio storm observation data in real time, extracts a quick radio storm candidate and stores the quick radio storm candidate; and the search result quick release unit sends the information corresponding to the quick radio storm candidate to the outside, so that the real-time search, storage and release of the quick radio storm are realized.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the device, the system and the method for detecting the rapid radio storm in real time have the following beneficial effects:
the real-time searching and storing unit utilizes a shared memory buffer area technology, realizes multi-task parallel processing by sharing data among modules, improves the processing speed, achieves the effect of quick radio storm real-time searching, reduces the data storage capacity and reduces the equipment cost; the search result quick release unit can release the search result to the network in real time and inform other observation telescopes to carry out quick multiband tracking observation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fast radiostorm real-time detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a process of a fast radiostorm real-time detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time search and storage unit of a fast radiostorm real-time detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a fast radiostorm in real time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
1-a radio telescope; 2-fast radio storm observation signals; 3-a time-frequency reference signal; 4-ten million networks;
10-a data acquisition and preprocessing unit;
20-real-time search and storage unit;
21-trillion network ports; 22-shared memory buffer; 23-buffer status identification area; 24-a disk array; 25-UDP data packet receiving module; 26-fast radio storm search module; 27-a file management module;
30-search result quick release unit.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a device, a system and a method for detecting a fast radio storm in real time, which can detect the fast radio storm (FRB) in real time, record data if an FRB event is observed, and greatly save the storage space of a magnetic disk; meanwhile, the FRB event can be quickly released after being monitored, and other observation telescopes are informed to carry out quick tracking observation.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fast radio storm real-time detection apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, which includes: a data collecting and preprocessing unit 10, a real-time searching and storing unit 20, and a search result fast publishing unit 30.
The data acquisition and preprocessing unit 10 samples and preprocesses the fast radio storm observation signal 2 by using the time-frequency reference signal 3 to obtain fast radio storm observation data, the real-time search and storage unit 20 processes the fast radio storm observation data in real time to extract a fast radio storm candidate, and the search result fast issuing unit 30 externally sends information corresponding to the fast radio storm candidate, so that the fast radio storm is searched, stored and issued in real time.
The data acquisition and preprocessing unit 10 may be based on an FPGA platform, including: the device comprises a sampling module, a polyphase filter, a complex FFT conversion module, a correlation calculation module and a data packing and sending module.
Referring to fig. 2, the data acquisition and preprocessing unit 10 performs operations such as sampling, multi-phase filtering channel division, complex FFT conversion, correlation calculation, and data packing, and specifically, the data acquisition and preprocessing unit 10 receives a fast radiostorm observation signal 2 transmitted from the radio telescope 1, the fast radiostorm observation signal 2 includes a first intermediate frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal, and the sampling module samples the fast radiostorm observation signal 2 to obtain sampling data. In order to eliminate the dispersion influence caused by the interplanetary medium action on a broadband signal generated by FRB outbreak in the process of transmitting the broadband signal to the earth, a sampled time domain signal is firstly converted into a frequency domain, the signal with the total bandwidth v is firstly divided into n subchannels with the bandwidth delta v, and then each subchannel is subjected to time delay processing to eliminate dispersion. The multi-phase filter divides the frequency channel of the sampled data to obtain multi-channel sampled data, the multi-channel sampled data is subjected to multi-FFT conversion by the multi-FFT conversion module to obtain multi-channel frequency domain data, the multi-channel sampled data is subjected to related operation by the related calculation module to obtain fast radio storm observation data in order to obtain polarization information of the fast radio storm, and the fast radio storm observation data is packaged into UDP data packets by the data packaging and sending module and sent to the real-time searching and storing unit 20.
The real-time searching and storing unit 20 may adopt a High Performance Computing (HPC) capable of acquiring, searching, storing and displaying the fast radiostorm observation data in real time, and the real-time searching and storing unit 20 and the data acquiring and preprocessing unit 10 are connected through a gigabit network 4 and perform high-speed data transmission using a UDP protocol.
The real-time searching and storing unit 20 realizes the sharing of data among modules by adopting a shared memory buffer area, so as to achieve the parallel processing effects of data acquisition, network exchange, real-time calculation and storage.
As shown in fig. 3, the real-time search and storage unit 20 includes: a UDP packet receiving module 25, a fast radiostorm searching module 26, a file management module 27, and a disk array 24. The UDP packet receiving module 25 receives the fast radiostorm observation data in the UDP packet format sent by the data collecting and preprocessing unit 10, the fast radiostorm searching module 26 performs real-time computation on the received fast radiostorm observation data to screen fast radiostorm candidates from the fast radiostorm observation data, and the file management module 27 stores the fast radiostorm observation data including the fast radiostorm candidates.
When the real-time search and storage unit 20 is running, a plurality of shared memory buffers 22 and a buffer status identifier 23 are created in the memory, and the buffer status identifier 23 is used to identify the status of each shared memory buffer. Firstly, setting the state of each shared memory buffer area to be 'empty' in the buffer area state identification area 23; after the data acquisition and preprocessing unit 10 transmits data to the gigabit network port 21 of the real-time search and storage unit, the UDP data packet receiving module 25 receives the fast radiostorm observation data in the UDP data packet format, writes the fast radiostorm observation data into the shared memory buffer area with an "empty" state, and sets the state of the shared memory buffer area into which the fast radiostorm observation data is written from "empty" to be processed "in the buffer area state identification area 23;
the fast radiostorm search module 26 processes the fast radiostorm observation data in the shared memory buffer with the status of "pending" in real time, and if a fast radiostorm candidate is found in the fast radiostorm observation data, identifies the status of the shared memory buffer corresponding to the fast radiostorm candidate as "pending" from "pending"; the file management module 27 writes the fast radiostorm observed data in the shared memory buffer area with the state of "to be saved" into the disk array 24, and sets the state of the shared memory buffer area from "to be saved" to "empty" after writing into the disk array 24; if the fast radio storm search module 26 does not find the fast radio storm candidate in the fast radio storm observation data, the status of the shared memory buffer where the fast radio storm candidate is not found is marked as "empty" from "to be processed", and the processing speed is increased by the above shared memory buffer mechanism, thereby implementing the real-time search of the fast radio storm candidate.
Further, since the fast radiostorm search module is the most computationally burdened module, the real-time search and storage unit 20 may include a plurality of fast radiostorm search modules 26, and the fast radiostorm search modules 26 may process the fast radiostorm observation data in the shared memory buffer with the "pending" status in parallel in real time, so as to further increase the real-time search processing speed of the fast radiostorm candidates. The above framework and process have been optimized by algorithms and search strategies, improving the computational efficiency to achieve the effect of real-time processing. The HPC may be a high performance computer using Intel Xeon E5-2630V 3 CPU processing cores, 64G memory, 48TB memory space, or may be other computing devices or data processing platforms.
Referring to fig. 2, the fast radiostorm search module 26 completes operations such as stokes parameter calculation, radio frequency interference cancellation, achromatic calculation, matched filtering, candidate extraction, and the like, and finally outputs candidate data to be stored. Specifically, the fast radio storm search module 26 includes a stokes parameter calculation sub-module, a radio frequency interference cancellation sub-module, an achromatic calculation sub-module, a matched filter and a candidate extraction sub-module. Firstly, the Stokes parameters of the quick radiostorm observation data are calculated by a Stokes parameter calculation submodule, and the Stokes parameters (I, Q, U, V) are as the following formula (1):
I：A_amp+B_amp，Q：A_amp-B_amp，U：2[AB_re]，V：2[AB_im] (1)
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first radio frequency signal and a second radio frequency signal, wherein A _ amp is the intermediate frequency autocorrelation amplitude of the first radio frequency signal, B _ amp is the intermediate frequency autocorrelation amplitude of the second radio frequency signal, AB _ re is the intermediate frequency cross-correlation real part of the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal, and AB _ im is the intermediate frequency cross-correlation imaginary part of the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal. Since communication base stations, radars, satellites, electronic devices, etc. cause interference to the radio frequency band, which affects the signal processing effect if the interference is not eliminated, the radio frequency interference elimination sub-module then eliminates the radio interference in the frequency domain. And then the achromatic dispersion calculation submodule converts the quick radio storm observation data into a time domain for carrying out achromatic dispersion, and since the dispersion quantity of the FRB is unknown, each DM value can be calculated at intervals of n in a certain DM range Z, and then a candidate body searching method is carried out on each achromatic dispersion value for searching. Because the pulse widths of the FRBs are different, a single pulse signal needs to be searched for each group of time domain data with chromatic dispersion removed, a matched filter in the form of a rectangular filter is adopted, the optimal pulse width is obtained by continuously changing the time width of a rectangular frame of the matched filter, the optimal pulse width is obtained when the rectangular frame just contains all pulse contours, the matched filter filters out-of-band data, and only in-band data is reserved. The temporal width of the matched filter may be exponential of 2 to save search time, e.g., 1ms, 2ms, 4ms, 8ms, 16ms, 32ms, 64ms, 128ms, etc. And finally, the candidate body extraction sub-module judges whether the sample is a suspected sample or not according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse, sets a threshold, and if the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse exceeds the threshold, the quick radio storm observation data is identified as a quick radio storm candidate body and is output for storage. The threshold value may be set according to the electromagnetic environment of the radio telescope.
The search result fast distribution unit 30 may employ a computer to monitor the search status in real time, receive the fast radiostorm observation data containing the fast radiostorm candidates stored in the real-time search and storage unit 20, calculate the arrival time and the sky-region coordinates of the fast radiostorm observation signals, and transmit the arrival time and the sky-region coordinates to the infrared telescope, the optical telescope, or other band telescopes through the network, so that the other band telescopes can perform fast tracking observation.
The rapid radio storm real-time detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can set the observation bandwidth according to the observation requirement, the maximum observation bandwidth can reach 2.5GHz, the current observation bandwidth is 500MHz, the number of frequency channels is 512, the time resolution is 64.512 microseconds, the spectral resolution is 0.976MHz, and the DM search range is 0-2000 cm-3pc, the search pulse width can be from 1 millisecond to several seconds. All parameters can be adjusted according to actual requirements.
Because the data rate output from the data acquisition and preprocessing unit is extremely high, for example, for the case of two-way, 512-channel, 64.512 microsecond integration and complex correlation calculation, the output data rate is 969Mbps, and the recorded data of one day reaches 10TB, such a large data volume increases the investment cost if a large-capacity disk storage array is required by adopting the traditional offline processing mode. By adopting the rapid radio storm real-time detection device, the data output by the data acquisition and preprocessing unit is processed in real time, only effective data is recorded, useless data is lost, the data volume is compressed to more than one ten thousandth, the search result can be fed back in real time, and the data storage capacity and the equipment cost are effectively reduced.
The rapid radio storm real-time detection device is arranged in a 26-meter radio telescope system, an observation experiment is carried out by adopting an L wave band (RF: 1400-1720MHz), a pulsar B0329+54 with the flow rate and the pulse width close to each other is tracked and observed, the flow rate of the source is 203mJy, the pulse width is 6.6ms, and the source is similar to an FRB signal. The data with a duration of 8.3 seconds was searched in real time, 11 single pulses were recorded, all pulses in the data were identified due to the source period of 0.714 seconds, and the amount of dispersion searched and the DM value of the source (26.833 cm)-3pc) are also more consistent.
The invention also provides a rapid radio storm real-time detection system which comprises the rapid radio storm real-time detection device and a radio telescope 1 connected with the rapid radio storm real-time detection device.
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention further provides a fast radio storm real-time detecting method, which utilizes the fast radio storm real-time detecting apparatus to firstly sample and preprocess a fast radio storm observation signal to obtain fast radio storm observation data; then, real-time processing is carried out on the rapid radio storm observation data, and a rapid radio storm candidate is extracted; and finally, the information corresponding to the rapid radio storm candidate is sent to the outside, so that the real-time search, storage and release of the rapid radio storm are realized.
So far, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, those skilled in the art should have clear understanding of the fast radiostorm real-time detection apparatus, system and method of the present invention.
According to the device, the system and the method for detecting the rapid radio storm in real time, the real-time searching and storing unit utilizes a shared memory buffer area technology, multi-task parallel processing is realized through sharing of data among modules, the processing speed is improved, the effect of rapid radio storm real-time searching is achieved, the data storage capacity is reduced, and the equipment cost is reduced; the search result quick release unit can release the search result to the network in real time and inform other observation telescopes to carry out quick multiband tracking observation.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the respective elements are not limited to the various manners mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art may easily modify or replace them, for example:
(1) directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the attached drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention;
(2) the embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e. technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A real-time detection device of a rapid radio storm, comprising: the device comprises a data acquisition and preprocessing unit, a real-time searching and storing unit and a searching result quick publishing unit; wherein,
the data acquisition and preprocessing unit samples and preprocesses the rapid radio storm observation signals to obtain rapid radio storm observation data; the data acquisition and preprocessing unit is based on an FPGA platform; the data acquisition and preprocessing unit comprises: the device comprises a sampling module, a multiphase filter, a complex FFT (fast Fourier transform) module, a correlation calculation module and a data packing and sending module;
the real-time searching and storing unit processes the quick radio storm observation data in real time, extracts a quick radio storm candidate and stores the quick radio storm candidate; the real-time searching and storing unit adopts a high-performance computer; the real-time search and storage unit comprises: the device comprises a UDP (user datagram protocol) data packet receiving module, a quick radio storm searching module, a file management module and a disk array; the fast radio storm searching module comprises: a Stokes parameter calculation sub-module, a radio frequency interference elimination sub-module, an achromatic calculation sub-module, a matched filter and a candidate body extraction sub-module;
the search result quick release unit sends the information corresponding to the quick radio storm candidate to the outside, so that the real-time search, storage and release of the quick radio storm are realized; the search result quick release unit adopts a computer; the real-time search and storage unit utilizes a shared memory buffer to realize real-time search of the fast radio storm.
2. The fast radioburst real-time detection apparatus of claim 1,
the UDP data packet receiving module receives the rapid radio storm observation data sent by the data acquisition and preprocessing unit;
the quick radio storm searching module calculates the received quick radio storm observation data in real time and screens out quick radio storm candidates from the quick radio storm observation data;
and the file management module stores the quick radio storm observation data containing the quick radio storm candidate.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the real-time searching and storing unit further comprises: a plurality of shared memory buffer areas and a buffer area state identification area;
in the buffer area state identification area, the state of each shared memory buffer area is set to be 'empty';
the fast radiostorm observation data received by the UDP data packet receiving module is written into a shared memory buffer area with an empty state, and in the buffer area state identification area, the state of the shared memory buffer area written with the fast radiostorm observation data is set to be 'to be processed' from the empty state;
the fast radio storm observation data in the shared memory buffer area with the state of waiting for processing is processed by the fast radio storm searching module in real time;
if the fast radio storm candidate is found in the fast radio storm observation data, the state of the shared memory buffer corresponding to the fast radio storm candidate is set to be 'to be saved' from 'to be processed'; the fast radiostorm observation data in the shared memory buffer area with the state of 'waiting to be saved' is written into the disk array by the file management module, and the state of the shared memory buffer area with the state of 'waiting to be saved' is set to 'empty';
if the fast radio storm candidate is not found in the fast radio storm observation data, the state of the shared memory buffer where the fast radio storm candidate is not found is set to "empty" by "pending".
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the fast radiostorm search modules is plural, and the plural fast radiostorm search modules process the fast radiostorm observation data in the shared memory buffer with "pending" status in parallel in real time.
5. The fast radioburst real-time detection apparatus of claim 1,
the sampling module samples the rapid radio storm observation signal to obtain sampling data;
the multiphase filter divides the frequency channels of the sampled data to obtain multi-channel sampled data;
the complex FFT conversion module carries out complex FFT conversion on the multi-channel sampling data to obtain multi-channel frequency domain data;
the correlation calculation module performs correlation operation on the multi-channel frequency domain data to obtain rapid radio storm observation data;
and the data packaging and sending module packages the rapid radio storm observation data into a UDP data packet and sends the UDP data packet to the real-time searching and storing unit.
6. The fast radioburst real-time detection apparatus of claim 2,
the Stokes parameter calculation submodule calculates Stokes parameters of the rapid radio storm observation data;
the radio frequency interference elimination submodule eliminates radio interference;
the achromatic calculation submodule converts the quick radio storm observation data into a time domain for achromatic;
the matched filter obtains the optimal pulse width of the rapid radio storm;
the candidate extraction sub-module determines whether the fast radiostorm observation data includes a fast radiostorm candidate.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the search result fast distribution unit transmits information corresponding to the fast radio storm candidate to the infrared telescope or the optical telescope via a network.
8. A fast radio storm real-time detection system comprising the fast radio storm real-time detection apparatus of claim 1 and a radio telescope coupled to the fast radio storm real-time detection apparatus.
9. A fast radiostorm real-time detection method using the fast radiostorm real-time detection apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:
sampling and preprocessing the quick radio storm observation signal to obtain quick radio storm observation data;
processing the observation data of the rapid radio storm in real time, extracting a rapid radio storm candidate and storing the rapid radio storm candidate;
and sending the information corresponding to the rapid radio storm candidate to the outside, so as to realize real-time searching, storage and release of the rapid radio storm.
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| CN109991479B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Fast radio storm real-time detection device, system and method of multi-beam receiver |
| CN110427878B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-10-14 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Method and system for identifying rapid radio storm signals |
| CN110926455B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-08-27 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Self-adaptive radio frequency interference elimination method for radio astronomical signals |
| CN111292222B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2023-05-12 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Pulsar dispersion eliminating device and method |
| CN111487473B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Automatic detection system and method for rapid radio storm |
| CN111624411B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-10-26 | 上海交通大学 | Solar radio storm intensity judgment method and system based on utility function comprehensive evaluation |
| CN116451030B (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Baseband data pulse searching method and system based on GPU |
| CN116482449B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-08 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Real-time detection method for fast electric storm |
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| CN103674022A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-26 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for rapidly calculating integer ambiguity of pulsar navigation |
| KR101555046B1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-10-06 | (주)에스이티시스템 | Method for detecting solar radio burst |
| CN104156981A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-19 | 云南大学 | Automatic real-time solar radio burst detection method based on image processing |
| CN104820207A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-05 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Real-time correlator based on FPGA, GPU and CPU mixed architecture |
| CN106124859A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-16 | 山东大学（威海） | Solar radio solar radio burst variable-resolution spectral means based on high-speed AD acquisition card and method thereof |
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